413:
646:
552:
1810:
699:
789:
than doubling of convective heat loss in still air. Griffon vultures have also been found to tolerate increased body temperatures as a response to high ambient temperatures. By allowing their internal body temperature to change independently of their metabolic rate, griffon vultures minimize their loss of water and energy in thermoregulating. One study in particular (Bahat 1995) found that these adaptations have allowed the
Griffon vulture to have one of the widest thermal neutral zones of any bird.
722:. Although the griffon vulture does not normally attack larger living prey, there are reports of Spanish griffon vultures killing weak, young or unhealthy living animals when they do not find enough carrion . In May 2013, a 52-year-old woman who was hiking in the Pyrenees died after falling off a cliff. Griffon vultures devoured her corpse before rescue workers arrived and found only her clothes and a few bones.The story attracted attention to griffon vulture problems in Southern Europe.
53:
250:
105:
479:
777:
742:
342:), the vultures average 7.1 kg (16 lb). Extreme adult weights have been reported from 4.5 to 15 kg (9.9 to 33.1 lb), the latter likely a weight attained in captivity. Hatched naked, it is a typical Old World vulture in appearance, with a white head, broad wings and short tail feathers. It has a white neck ruff and yellow bill. The buff body and wing coverts contrast with the dark flight
80:
360:
412:
785:
birds, which elevate their metabolic rate to upwards of 16 times their basal metabolic rate in flight, soaring griffon vultures expend about 1.43 times their basal metabolic rate in flight. Griffon vultures are also efficient flyers in their ability to return to a resting heart rate after flight within ten minutes.
797:
Griffon vultures have shown no age difference in their feeding rates. Feeding rates do tend to increase when more food is available. Studies connected with reintroduction of the vultures have found that older adults are more inclined to display aggressive behaviour and signs of dominance. The sexes
788:
As large scavengers, griffon vultures have not been observed to seek shelter for thermoregulation. Vultures use their bald heads as a means to thermoregulate in both extreme cold and hot temperatures. Changes in posture can increase bare skin exposure from 7% to 32%. This change allows for the more
767:
It breeds on crags in mountains in southern Europe, north Africa, and Asia, laying one egg. Griffon vultures may form loose colonies. The population is mostly resident. Density
Dependence in this colonial species has been shown to affect annual reproductive success with eyries in protected location
784:
Griffon vultures have been used as model organisms for the study of soaring and thermoregulation. The energy costs of level flight tend to be high, prompting alternatives to flapping in larger birds. Vultures in particular utilize more efficient flying methods such as soaring. Compared to other
1631:
Prinzinger, Roland; Nagel, B.; Bahat, O.; Bögel, R.; Karl, E.; Weihs, D.; Walzer, C. (1 October 2002). "Energy metabolism and body temperature in the
Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) with comparative data on the Hooded Vulture (Necrosyrtes monachus) and the White-backed Vulture (Gyps africanus)".
598:
In
Germany, the species died out in the mid-18th century. Some 200 vagrant birds, probably from the Pyrenees, were sighted in 2006, and several dozen of the vagrants sighted in Belgium the following year crossed into Germany in search for food. There are plans to reintroduce the species in the
806:
The main cause of the rapid decline in the griffon vulture population is the consumption of poisoned baits set out by people. Wildlife conservation efforts have attempted to increase awareness of the lethal consequences of using illegally poisoned baits through education about the issue.
337:
The griffon vulture is 93–122 cm (37–48 in) long with a 2.3–2.8 m (7.5–9.2 ft) wingspan. In the nominate race the males weigh 6.2 to 10.5 kg (14 to 23 lb) and females typically weigh 6.5 to 10.5 kg (14 to 23 lb), while in the Indian subspecies
1829:
447:. There they breed at lower elevations, with some nests just 10 m (33 ft) above sea level. Therefore, contact with people is common. The population makes frequent incursions in the Slovenian territory, especially in the mountain
687:), which is home to more than half of the Portuguese population. Though permanently resident in the interior of the country, the griffon vulture often ventures west when the breeding season is over and can occasionally reach the
768:(caves, potholes and sheltered ledges) producing more fledglings, and used preferentially, than low-quality eyries (exposed ledges and open crevices), which were only used when the number of breeding individuals increased.
2575:
1604:
Ward, Jennifer; McCafferty, Dominic J.; Houston, David C.; Ruxton, Graeme D. (1 April 2008). "Why do vultures have bald heads? The role of postural adjustment and bare skin areas in thermoregulation".
1030:
2908:
798:
have shown no difference in competitive behaviours. Reintroduced and wild-bred birds did not differ in dominance or feeding rate despite their differences in upbringing.
432:
massif (central Italy). Populations in Italy are thought to be increasing thanks to reintroduction schemes in neighbouring countries and a ban on hunting the species.
1286:
1231:
757:, feeding mostly from carcasses of dead animals which it finds by soaring over open areas, often moving in flocks. It grunts and hisses at roosts or when feeding on
2718:
548:, which hosts the largest insular population of the species in the world. On Crete they can be found in most mountainous areas, sometimes in groups of up to 20.
2770:
1451:
Zuberogoitia, I.; MartĂnez, J.E.; González-Oreja, J.A.; PĂ©rez de Ana, J.M.; Zabala, J. (2019). "Factors affecting population regulation of a colonial vulture".
668:, in 2008, there were 25,000 birds, from a low of a few thousand around 1980. Spain has the biggest colony of Griffon vultures in all Europe. It is located at
2933:
2863:
1761:
729:
there are 46-54 pairs according to last estimation of population; the trend demonstrates slight increasing. In Russia, nests on the northern slopes of the
2893:
1179:
1688:
Bose, Michela; Sarrazin, Francois (July 2007). "Competitive behaviour and feeding rate in a reintroduced population of
Griffon Vultures Gyps fulvus".
377:
2903:
2679:
669:
2958:
2948:
2928:
2731:
1038:
683:
a few hundred pairs of griffons nest, but their distribution is strongly asymmetric. The main areas of reproduction are located in the northeast (
1537:
Duriez, Olivier; Kato, Akiko; Tromp, Clara; Dell'Omo, Giacomo; Vyssotski, Alexei L.; Sarrazin, François; Ropert-Coudert, Yan (15 January 2014).
1785:
645:
2943:
2913:
1261:
954:
929:
2898:
1078:
Xirouchakis, Stavros M.; Mylonas, Moysis (December 2005). "Status and structure of the griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) population in Crete".
868:
718:
transmission, no carcasses must be left on the fields for the time being. This has critically lowered food availability, and consequently,
1486:
Gavrilov, V. M. (26 November 2011). "Energy expenditures for flight, aerodynamic quality, and colonization of forest habitats by birds".
2953:
2938:
2923:
2692:
2627:
2918:
2883:
1872:
399:
1716:
2888:
715:
684:
2640:
551:
1290:
2878:
534:
381:
2736:
1239:
2757:
1964:
1052:
688:
530:
1770:
1954:
870:
Neue nordische Beyträge zur physikalischen und geographischen Erd- und Völkerbeschreibung, Naturgeschichte und
Oekonomie
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1674:
Bahat O (1995) Physiological adaptations and foraging ecology of an obligatory carrion eater - the griffon vulture (
2658:
2775:
370:
2671:
1799:
1379:
1758:
1352:
1821:
883:
Gill F, D Donsker & P Rasmussen (Eds). 2020. IOC World Bird List (v10.2). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.10.2.
989:
893:
2228:
1205:
306:
104:
2539:
2456:
2258:
429:
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2435:
1865:
199:
2697:
1153:
2601:
2521:
2503:
2393:
2384:
2368:
2359:
2218:
2198:
1641:
1550:
1495:
483:
322:
698:
305:, although this term is sometimes used for the genus as a whole. It is not to be confused with the
860:
764:
The maximum recorded lifespan of the griffon vulture is 41.4 years for an individual in captivity.
711:
673:
603:. In September 2008, pieces of a griffon vulture bone, about 35,000 years old, were excavated from
216:
69:
873:(in German). Vol. 4. St. Petersburg and Leipzig: Bey Johann Zacharias Logan. pp. 1–104 .
2343:
2334:
1519:
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864:
499:
262:
99:
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the griffon in the peninsula. As a result, several specimens were spotted in August 2006 on the
52:
2723:
1816:
1717:"Long-term population status, breeding parameters and limiting factors of the griffon vulture (
1539:"How Cheap Is Soaring Flight in Raptors? A Preliminary Investigation in Freely-Flying Vultures"
619:, there are around 60–65 pairs of griffon vultures in the western parts of the country, around
544:, there are nearly 1000 birds. The majority of griffon vulture population in Greece resides in
249:
2796:
2749:
2562:
2208:
2123:
2114:
2100:
2039:
2030:
1921:
1657:
1586:
1568:
1511:
971:
950:
925:
863:(1783). "Bemerkungen in der persischen Landschaft Gilan und auf den Gilanischen Gebirgen". In
719:
653:
620:
556:
314:
290:
2494:
2801:
2318:
2309:
2173:
2164:
1858:
1697:
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1613:
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1558:
1503:
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1235:
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692:
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576:
448:
2544:
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2148:
2139:
1790:
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571:
in France; about 500 are now found there. Griffon vultures are regularly spotted over the
478:
468:
156:
824:
1809:
1645:
1554:
1499:
2666:
2653:
2293:
2284:
2248:
1944:
1581:
1538:
568:
564:
526:
440:
425:
1845:
776:
741:
2868:
2857:
2744:
2064:
2055:
1989:
1980:
1701:
1653:
1425:
1357:
1114:
833:
572:
510:
89:
84:
35:
2508:
1523:
1472:
1099:
1003:
591:, around 100 birds were present in the summer of 2007. These were vagrants from the
2567:
2268:
2014:
2005:
1617:
1183:
635:
514:
298:
294:
166:
2554:
624:
2645:
1780:
1759:
Ageing and sexing (PDF; 5.6 MB) by Javier Blasco-Zumeta & Gerd-Michael Heinze
1747:
1563:
1426:"Longevity Records: Life Spans of Mammals, Birds, Amphibians, Reptiles, and Fish"
2827:
2762:
2705:
2488:
1835:
1115:"Selection of Breeding Cliffs by Griffon Vultures Gyps fulvus in Crete (Greece)"
924:. Illustrated by Kim Franklin, David Mead, and Philip Burton. Houghton Mifflin.
588:
464:
359:
17:
1715:
Demerdzhiev, D.; Hristov, H.; Dobrev, D.; Angelov, I. & Kurtev, M. (2014).
1398:
2835:
2430:
2092:
1839:
1507:
1091:
604:
2840:
2580:
2479:
1661:
1572:
1515:
1326:
2614:
1935:
754:
455:. The bird is protected in an area called Kuntrep on the Croatian island of
116:
2632:
1590:
1312:
2473:
1899:
1131:
680:
592:
490:), showing the difference in size and coloration between the two species.
472:
421:
136:
2531:
2788:
2684:
2516:
2096:
1881:
758:
750:
726:
639:
631:
584:
460:
452:
436:
384: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
343:
1464:
1893:
665:
616:
541:
506:
495:
126:
2710:
2593:
2450:
2619:
702:
Griffon vultures eating the carcass of a red deer in the
Pyrenees (
2822:
2588:
775:
740:
703:
697:
661:
644:
608:
550:
545:
522:
518:
477:
411:
61:
2606:
509:, colonies of griffon vultures can be found in the north and the
2189:
1905:
1775:
600:
444:
176:
146:
2454:
2419:
2090:
1918:
1854:
456:
353:
1748:
Vulture
Territory Facts and Characteristics: Eurasian Griffon
439:, a colony of griffon vultures can be found near the town of
1721:
Hablizl, 1783) population in the
Eastern Rhodopes, Bulgaria"
1031:"Guernsey welcomes its latest resident: the griffon vulture"
467:. More recently, in 2000 a vulture took up residence on the
463:, the first record of a griffon vulture occurred in 1843 in
1850:
1776:
710:
The Pyrenees population has apparently been affected by an
1752:
529:
projects are being carried out at breeding centres in the
1182:[Large vulture flight over Germany] (in German).
949:(12th ed.). Bombay: Bombay Natural History Society.
420:
In Italy, the species has survived only in the island of
607:
cave in southern Germany, which are believed to form a
1262:"Earliest musical tradition documented in SW Germany"
2463:
2382:
2357:
2332:
2307:
2282:
2187:
2162:
2137:
2112:
2053:
2028:
2003:
1978:
1933:
1846:A Bulgarian vulture's odyssey into Yemeni war zone
918:Ferguson-Lees, James; Christie, David A. (2001).
627:. They are under legal protection from hunting.
498:, there was a colony of fewer than 30 birds at
1380:"Woman Eaten By Vultures After Fall From Cliff"
416:Griffon vulture in Hai-Bar reserve mount Carmel
1232:"Prehistoric flute in Germany is oldest known"
1866:
1053:"At last, some good news for Cyprus vultures"
8:
972:"Griffon vultures on Cres Island - Croatia"
2909:National symbols of Bosnia and Herzegovina
2451:
2416:
2109:
2087:
1930:
1915:
1873:
1859:
1851:
1808:
1781:Mas de Bunyol Vulture observatory in Spain
1678:) . Tel Aviv: Tel-Aviv University, p. 102.
248:
78:
51:
42:
1580:
1562:
1399:"The State of Griffon Vulture in Armenia"
1130:
424:, but there have been recent attempts at
400:Learn how and when to remove this message
1156:[Griffon vultures in Flanders].
1353:"Starving vultures switch to live prey"
1208:[Griffon vultures in Germany].
1180:"GroĂźer Geier-Einflug ĂĽber Deutschland"
815:
634:, there is a remnant population around
623:and also 35 birds in the canyon of the
60:Flying griffon vulture photographed in
1830:Eurasian griffon vulture photo gallery
502:, in the south of the island in 2006.
1313:"Zlatar tourist organization, Serbia"
1080:European Journal of Wildlife Research
7:
2672:777e75b0-c473-4e28-a7f1-899f8432cb19
382:adding citations to reliable sources
2934:National symbols of North Macedonia
2864:IUCN Red List least concern species
1836:Audio recordings of Griffon vulture
1753:Uvac Special Nature Reserve, Serbia
834:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
670:Hoces del RĂo DuratĂłn Natural Park
656:, and griffon vultures in flight.
25:
2894:Taxa named by Carl Ludwig Hablitz
1430:Monographs on Population Aging, 8
1424:Carey, James R.; Judge, Debra S.
1351:MacKenzie, Debora (1 June 2007).
1004:"BTO BirdFacts | Griffon Vulture"
990:"Croatian Flora Fauna clear list"
1702:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2007.00674.x
1654:10.1046/j.1439-0361.2002.02039.x
513:. A large colony breeds in the
358:
321:). It is closely related to the
103:
2904:National symbols of Afghanistan
1791:BirdLife species factsheet for
823:BirdLife International (2021).
369:needs additional citations for
2959:National symbols of Yugoslavia
2949:National symbols of Tajikistan
2929:National symbols of Montenegro
1618:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2008.01.002
1:
1965:Greater yellow-headed vulture
1690:British Ornithologists' Union
1113:Xirouchakis, Stavros (2005).
714:ruling that due to danger of
575:, and since 2015 also in the
2944:National symbols of Slovenia
2914:National symbols of Bulgaria
2698:eurasian-griffon-gyps-fulvus
1955:Lesser yellow-headed vulture
1832:at VIREO (Drexel University)
1564:10.1371/journal.pone.0084887
2899:National symbols of Albania
1287:"Canyon of river Trešnjica"
1206:"Gänsegeier in Deutschland"
563:Griffon vultures have been
2975:
2954:National symbols of Turkey
2939:National symbols of Serbia
2924:National symbols of Kosovo
1786:Yatsey the Griffon vulture
1606:Journal of Thermal Biology
301:. It is also known as the
29:
2426:
2415:
2108:
2086:
1929:
1914:
1888:
1508:10.1134/S1062359011080024
1432:. Odense University Press
1212:(in German). 22 June 2006
1160:(in German). 18 June 2007
1092:10.1007/s10344-005-0101-4
970:Ettinger, Powell (2008).
793:Intraspecific competition
780:Griffon vulture in flight
555:Griffon vulture beside a
521:desert and especially at
482:Griffon vulture beside a
315:Himalayan griffon vulture
307:RĂĽppell's griffon vulture
268:
261:
257:Range of griffon vulture
256:
247:
229:
224:
205:
198:
100:Scientific classification
98:
76:
67:
59:
50:
46:Eurasian griffon vulture
45:
2919:National symbols of Iran
2884:Birds of prey of Eurasia
1822:Internet Bird Collection
1817:"Eurasian Griffon media"
1728:Acta Zoologica Bulgarica
1634:Journal fĂĽr Ornithologie
1154:"Gänsegeier in Flandern"
947:The Book of Indian Birds
638:, and vagrants from the
350:Distribution and habitat
281:Eurasian griffon vulture
2889:Birds described in 1783
2398:Trigonoceps occipitalis
2044:Gymnogyps californianus
1331:www.avesdeportugal.info
841:: e.T22695219A157719127
595:population (see below).
2259:Slender-billed vulture
1397:Armenian Bird Census.
898:Birdlife international
781:
746:
707:
657:
567:successfully into the
560:
491:
417:
2879:Birds of North Africa
2810:Paleobiology Database
2436:Indian vulture crisis
2323:Neophron percnopterus
2178:Gypohierax angolensis
1969:Cathartes melambrotus
1959:Cathartes burrovianus
1764:14 March 2016 at the
1327:"Grifo (Gyps fulvus)"
1035:www.independent.co.uk
779:
744:
737:Behaviour and ecology
701:
648:
554:
481:
415:
2667:Fauna Europaea (new)
2394:White-headed vulture
2369:Lappet-faced vulture
2298:Necrosyrtes monachus
2219:White-backed vulture
2199:White-rumped vulture
1403:Armenian Bird Census
1132:10.3161/068.040.0211
921:Raptors of the World
484:white-rumped vulture
378:improve this article
323:white-backed vulture
2373:Torgos tracheliotos
1646:2002JOrni.143..456P
1555:2014PLoSO...984887D
1500:2011BioBu..38..779G
1293:on 12 December 2007
945:Ali, Sálim (1996).
865:Pallas, Peter Simon
685:Douro International
674:Province of Segovia
70:Conservation status
2874:Old World vultures
2344:Red-headed vulture
2101:Old World vultures
1922:New World vultures
1119:Acta Ornithologica
1057:birdlifecyprus.org
782:
747:
708:
658:
561:
492:
418:
2851:
2850:
2797:Open Tree of Life
2457:Taxon identifiers
2448:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2263:Gyps tenuirostris
2229:RĂĽppell's vulture
2213:Gyps himalayensis
2209:Himalayan vulture
2153:Gypaetus barbatus
2128:Aegypius monachus
2124:Cinereous vulture
2082:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2040:California condor
2019:Sarcoramphus papa
1771:Flicker Handguide
1465:10.1111/ibi.12687
1059:. BirdLife Cyprus
956:978-0-19-563731-1
931:978-0-618-12762-7
894:"Griffon vulture"
720:carrying capacity
557:cinereous vulture
443:on the island of
410:
409:
402:
319:Gyps himalayensis
291:Old World vulture
277:
276:
235:- (Hablizl, 1783)
93:
16:(Redirected from
2966:
2844:
2843:
2831:
2830:
2818:
2817:
2805:
2804:
2792:
2791:
2779:
2778:
2766:
2765:
2763:NHMSYS0000530389
2753:
2752:
2740:
2739:
2727:
2726:
2714:
2713:
2701:
2700:
2688:
2687:
2675:
2674:
2662:
2661:
2649:
2648:
2636:
2635:
2623:
2622:
2610:
2609:
2597:
2596:
2584:
2583:
2571:
2570:
2558:
2557:
2548:
2547:
2535:
2534:
2525:
2524:
2522:5D1987CEE4005AA2
2512:
2511:
2499:
2498:
2497:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2452:
2417:
2348:Sarcogyps calvus
2319:Egyptian vulture
2203:Gyps bengalensis
2174:Palm-nut vulture
2110:
2088:
1994:Coragyps atratus
1931:
1916:
1875:
1868:
1861:
1852:
1826:
1812:
1807:
1736:
1735:
1725:
1712:
1706:
1705:
1685:
1679:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1584:
1566:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1488:Biology Bulletin
1483:
1477:
1476:
1448:
1442:
1441:
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1415:
1414:
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1410:
1394:
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1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1289:. Archived from
1283:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1238:. Archived from
1236:Associated Press
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1134:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1037:. Archived from
1026:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1000:
994:
993:
986:
980:
979:
967:
961:
960:
942:
936:
935:
915:
909:
908:
906:
904:
890:
884:
881:
875:
874:
857:
851:
850:
848:
846:
820:
731:Greater Caucasus
693:Cape St. Vincent
577:Cantal Mountains
515:Carmel Mountains
488:Gyps bengalensis
405:
398:
394:
391:
385:
362:
354:
340:G. f. fulvescens
252:
239:G. f. fulvescens
211:
108:
107:
87:
82:
81:
55:
43:
21:
18:Eurasian griffon
2974:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2847:
2839:
2834:
2826:
2821:
2813:
2808:
2800:
2795:
2787:
2784:Observation.org
2782:
2774:
2769:
2761:
2756:
2748:
2743:
2735:
2730:
2722:
2717:
2709:
2704:
2696:
2691:
2683:
2678:
2670:
2665:
2657:
2652:
2644:
2639:
2631:
2626:
2618:
2613:
2605:
2600:
2592:
2587:
2579:
2574:
2566:
2561:
2553:
2551:
2543:
2538:
2530:
2528:
2520:
2515:
2507:
2502:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2459:
2449:
2440:
2422:
2403:
2378:
2353:
2328:
2303:
2278:
2273:Gyps coprothere
2239:Griffon vulture
2233:Gyps rueppellii
2183:
2158:
2149:Bearded vulture
2133:
2104:
2074:
2049:
2024:
1999:
1974:
1925:
1910:
1884:
1879:
1815:
1798:
1766:Wayback Machine
1744:
1739:
1723:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1673:
1669:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1435:
1433:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1408:
1406:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1363:
1361:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1335:
1333:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1296:
1294:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1270:
1268:
1266:Science Centric
1260:
1259:
1255:
1245:
1243:
1242:on 29 June 2009
1230:
1229:
1225:
1215:
1213:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1189:
1187:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1163:
1161:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1137:
1135:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1062:
1060:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1041:on 18 May 2015.
1028:
1027:
1023:
1013:
1011:
1002:
1001:
997:
988:
987:
983:
969:
968:
964:
957:
944:
943:
939:
932:
917:
916:
912:
902:
900:
892:
891:
887:
882:
878:
859:
858:
854:
844:
842:
822:
821:
817:
813:
804:
795:
774:
739:
642:are often seen.
625:Trešnjica river
621:Zlatar mountain
406:
395:
389:
386:
375:
363:
352:
335:
311:Gyps rueppellii
303:griffon vulture
220:
213:
207:
194:
157:Accipitriformes
102:
94:
83:
79:
72:
39:
28:
27:Species of bird
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2972:
2970:
2962:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2856:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2832:
2819:
2806:
2793:
2780:
2767:
2754:
2741:
2728:
2715:
2702:
2689:
2676:
2663:
2654:Fauna Europaea
2650:
2637:
2624:
2611:
2598:
2585:
2572:
2559:
2549:
2536:
2526:
2513:
2500:
2485:
2469:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2455:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:Related topics
2420:
2413:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2390:
2388:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2365:
2363:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2340:
2338:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2315:
2313:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2294:Hooded vulture
2290:
2288:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2266:
2256:
2249:Indian vulture
2246:
2236:
2226:
2223:Gyps africanus
2216:
2206:
2195:
2193:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2170:
2168:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2145:
2143:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2120:
2118:
2106:
2105:
2091:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2069:Vultur gryphus
2061:
2059:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2036:
2034:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2011:
2009:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1986:
1984:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1962:
1952:
1949:Cathartes aura
1945:Turkey vulture
1941:
1939:
1927:
1926:
1919:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1908:
1902:
1896:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1870:
1863:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1843:
1833:
1827:
1813:
1796:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1756:
1750:
1743:
1742:External links
1740:
1738:
1737:
1707:
1696:(3): 490–501.
1680:
1667:
1640:(4): 456–467.
1623:
1612:(3): 168–173.
1596:
1529:
1494:(8): 779–788.
1478:
1459:(4): 878–889.
1443:
1416:
1389:
1371:
1343:
1318:
1304:
1278:
1253:
1223:
1197:
1186:. 30 June 2006
1171:
1145:
1125:(2): 155–161.
1105:
1086:(4): 223–231.
1070:
1044:
1029:UNWIN, BRIAN.
1021:
1010:. 16 July 2010
995:
981:
976:Wildlife Extra
962:
955:
937:
930:
910:
885:
876:
852:
814:
812:
809:
803:
800:
794:
791:
773:
770:
738:
735:
613:
612:
596:
569:Massif Central
527:Reintroduction
469:Channel Island
408:
407:
366:
364:
357:
351:
348:
334:
331:
327:Gyps africanus
275:
274:
266:
265:
259:
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253:
245:
244:
243:
242:
236:
227:
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214:
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196:
195:
191:G. fulvus
188:
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174:
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164:
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159:
154:
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149:
144:
140:
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110:
109:
96:
95:
77:
74:
73:
68:
65:
64:
57:
56:
48:
47:
32:Vultur gryphus
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2971:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
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2890:
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2882:
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2865:
2862:
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2859:
2842:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2550:
2546:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2527:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2505:
2501:
2496:
2490:
2486:
2481:
2475:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2425:
2418:
2414:
2399:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2374:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2356:
2349:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2331:
2324:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2299:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2274:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2161:
2154:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2129:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2085:
2070:
2066:
2065:Andean condor
2063:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2057:
2052:
2045:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2002:
1995:
1991:
1990:Black vulture
1988:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1982:
1977:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1928:
1923:
1920:Cathartidae (
1917:
1913:
1907:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1887:
1883:
1876:
1871:
1869:
1864:
1862:
1857:
1856:
1853:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1814:
1811:
1805:
1801:
1800:"Gyps fulvus"
1797:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1734:(3): 373–384.
1733:
1729:
1722:
1720:
1711:
1708:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1671:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1627:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1600:
1597:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1549:(1): e84887.
1548:
1544:
1540:
1533:
1530:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1482:
1479:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1444:
1431:
1427:
1420:
1417:
1404:
1400:
1393:
1390:
1386:. 6 May 2013.
1385:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1360:
1359:
1358:New Scientist
1354:
1347:
1344:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1319:
1314:
1308:
1305:
1292:
1288:
1282:
1279:
1267:
1263:
1257:
1254:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1224:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1185:
1181:
1175:
1172:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1109:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1074:
1071:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1025:
1022:
1009:
1005:
999:
996:
991:
985:
982:
977:
973:
966:
963:
958:
952:
948:
941:
938:
933:
927:
923:
922:
914:
911:
899:
895:
889:
886:
880:
877:
872:
871:
866:
862:
861:Hablizl, Carl
856:
853:
840:
836:
835:
830:
828:
819:
816:
810:
808:
801:
799:
792:
790:
786:
778:
771:
769:
765:
762:
760:
756:
752:
743:
736:
734:
732:
728:
723:
721:
717:
713:
705:
700:
696:
694:
690:
689:Tagus Estuary
686:
682:
677:
675:
671:
667:
663:
655:
651:
647:
643:
641:
637:
633:
628:
626:
622:
618:
610:
606:
602:
597:
594:
590:
586:
582:
581:
580:
578:
574:
573:Millau bridge
570:
566:
558:
553:
549:
547:
543:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
511:Golan Heights
508:
503:
501:
497:
489:
485:
480:
476:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
433:
431:
427:
426:reintroducing
423:
414:
404:
401:
393:
390:November 2022
383:
379:
373:
372:
367:This section
365:
361:
356:
355:
349:
347:
345:
341:
332:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
289:) is a large
288:
287:
282:
273:
272:
271:Vultur fulvus
267:
264:
260:
255:
251:
246:
240:
237:
234:
231:
230:
228:
223:
218:
212:
210:
204:
201:
200:Binomial name
197:
193:
192:
187:
184:
183:
180:
179:
175:
172:
171:
168:
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
106:
101:
97:
91:
86:
85:Least Concern
75:
71:
66:
63:
58:
54:
49:
44:
41:
37:
36:Andean condor
33:
19:
2464:
2397:
2383:
2372:
2358:
2347:
2333:
2322:
2308:
2297:
2283:
2272:
2269:Cape vulture
2262:
2253:Gyps indicus
2252:
2242:
2232:
2222:
2212:
2202:
2188:
2177:
2163:
2152:
2138:
2127:
2113:
2068:
2054:
2043:
2029:
2018:
2015:King vulture
2006:Sarcoramphus
2004:
1993:
1979:
1968:
1958:
1948:
1934:
1820:
1803:
1792:
1755:(in Serbian)
1731:
1727:
1718:
1710:
1693:
1689:
1683:
1675:
1670:
1637:
1633:
1626:
1609:
1605:
1599:
1546:
1542:
1532:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1456:
1452:
1446:
1436:13 September
1434:. Retrieved
1429:
1419:
1407:. Retrieved
1402:
1392:
1383:
1374:
1362:. Retrieved
1356:
1346:
1334:. Retrieved
1330:
1321:
1307:
1295:. Retrieved
1291:the original
1281:
1269:. Retrieved
1265:
1256:
1244:. Retrieved
1240:the original
1226:
1214:. Retrieved
1209:
1200:
1188:. Retrieved
1184:Handelsblatt
1174:
1162:. Retrieved
1157:
1148:
1136:. Retrieved
1122:
1118:
1108:
1083:
1079:
1073:
1061:. Retrieved
1056:
1047:
1039:the original
1034:
1024:
1012:. Retrieved
1007:
998:
984:
975:
965:
946:
940:
920:
913:
903:20 September
901:. Retrieved
897:
888:
879:
869:
855:
843:. Retrieved
838:
832:
826:
818:
805:
796:
787:
783:
766:
763:
748:
724:
709:
678:
659:
636:Salzburg Zoo
629:
614:
565:reintroduced
562:
539:
504:
493:
487:
434:
419:
396:
387:
376:Please help
371:verification
368:
339:
336:
326:
318:
310:
302:
299:Accipitridae
295:bird of prey
285:
284:
280:
278:
270:
269:
241:- Hume, 1869
238:
233:G. f. fulvus
232:
208:
206:
190:
189:
177:
167:Accipitridae
40:
31:
2841:Gyps-fulvus
2706:iNaturalist
2581:gyps-fulvus
2509:Gyps_fulvus
2495:Gyps fulvus
2489:Wikispecies
2465:Gyps fulvus
2385:Trigonoceps
2285:Necrosyrtes
2243:Gyps fulvus
1793:Gyps fulvus
1719:Gyps fulvus
1676:Gyps fulvus
1138:25 February
1008:app.bto.org
845:20 November
827:Gyps fulvus
749:Like other
589:Netherlands
333:Description
286:Gyps fulvus
225:Subspecies
209:Gyps fulvus
2858:Categories
2836:Xeno-canto
2431:Diclofenac
2165:Gypohierax
2093:Aegypiinae
1840:Xeno-canto
1409:3 February
811:References
772:Physiology
753:, it is a
605:Hohle Fels
430:Gran Sasso
2335:Sarcogyps
2031:Gymnogyps
1936:Cathartes
1892:Kingdom:
1662:1439-0361
1573:1932-6203
1516:1062-3590
1405:. TSE NGO
1384:inquisitr
755:scavenger
654:cinereous
185:Species:
123:Kingdom:
117:Eukaryota
2823:Species+
2750:22695219
2724:10685924
2607:45515798
2545:22695219
2540:BirdLife
2529:BioLib:
2474:Wikidata
2310:Neophron
2140:Gypaetus
2115:Aegypius
1981:Coragyps
1900:Chordata
1898:Phylum:
1894:Animalia
1882:Vultures
1762:Archived
1591:24454760
1543:PLOS ONE
1524:20637646
1473:92172949
1297:13 April
1100:24900498
751:vultures
681:Portugal
650:Egyptian
593:Pyrenees
587:and the
500:Episkopi
473:Guernsey
422:Sardinia
344:feathers
263:Synonyms
163:Family:
137:Chordata
133:Phylum:
127:Animalia
113:Domain:
90:IUCN 3.1
2685:2480389
2594:eurgri1
2555:eurgri1
2517:Avibase
2480:Q177856
2097:Gypinae
1904:Class:
1804:Avibase
1642:Bibcode
1582:3893159
1551:Bibcode
1496:Bibcode
1364:20 June
1271:24 June
1246:24 June
1216:25 June
1190:20 June
1164:20 June
1063:30 July
1014:29 June
867:(ed.).
802:Threats
759:carrion
727:Armenia
640:Balkans
632:Austria
585:Belgium
461:Ireland
453:Kobarid
437:Croatia
313:) and
297:family
293:in the
219:, 1783)
217:Hablizl
173:Genus:
153:Order:
143:Class:
88: (
2815:369536
2802:549517
2737:175487
2641:EURING
2620:GYPXFU
2360:Torgos
2056:Vultur
1660:
1589:
1579:
1571:
1522:
1514:
1471:
1098:
953:
928:
666:France
617:Serbia
542:Greece
531:Carmel
517:, the
507:Israel
496:Cyprus
451:above
34:, see
2776:36247
2719:IRMNG
2659:96702
2628:EUNIS
2589:eBird
2568:3HXNC
2552:BOW:
1724:(PDF)
1520:S2CID
1469:S2CID
1336:8 May
1096:S2CID
704:Spain
662:Spain
609:flute
546:Crete
535:Negev
523:Gamla
519:Negev
459:. In
62:Spain
2869:Gyps
2828:5114
2771:NCBI
2745:IUCN
2732:ITIS
2711:5366
2680:GBIF
2646:2510
2633:1070
2615:EPPO
2532:8511
2190:Gyps
2095:and
1906:Aves
1658:ISSN
1587:PMID
1569:ISSN
1512:ISSN
1453:Ibis
1438:2011
1411:2018
1366:2007
1338:2021
1299:2009
1273:2009
1248:2009
1218:2007
1210:n-tv
1192:2007
1166:2007
1158:n-tv
1140:2019
1065:2020
1016:2020
951:ISBN
926:ISBN
905:2022
847:2021
839:2021
691:and
664:and
601:Alps
533:and
465:Cork
449:Stol
445:Cres
441:Beli
279:The
178:Gyps
147:Aves
30:For
2789:344
2758:NBN
2693:IBC
2602:EoL
2576:CMS
2563:CoL
2504:ADW
1838:on
1698:doi
1694:149
1650:doi
1638:143
1614:doi
1577:PMC
1559:doi
1504:doi
1461:doi
1457:161
1127:doi
1088:doi
745:Egg
725:In
716:BSE
679:In
676:).
660:In
630:In
615:In
583:In
540:In
525:.
505:In
494:In
471:of
457:Krk
435:In
380:by
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