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56:
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Valley. On 5 June 1940, it was transferred to
Chauvigny on a cushioned stretcher in the back of an ambulance, which had been sealed to keep the humidity constant (the official who accompanied the painting arrived nearly asphyxiated from the lack of circulation in the sealed vehicle). In September, it moved again, to the Ingres Museum in Montauban, before a final move to Montal in 1942
48:
365:
The only wartime documents available about the Mona Lisa say that on 27 August 1939 it was packed in a specially-marked crate, tailor-made in 1938, of double-thick poplar wood. Along with other artworks from French national museums, it was sent for storage, first to
Chambord Castle in the Loire
83:
had to be covered with a blanket. When the truck initially arrived at
Versailles on its route to Chambord, the canvas touched an electric cable and created a short-circuit which switched off the electricity in the whole town. After that, the routes were carefully planned to avoid this type of
196:
On 25 August 1939, Jaujard closed the Louvre for three days, officially for repair work. For three days and nights, hundreds of staff, art students and employees of the Grands
Magasins du Louvre department store carefully placed treasures in white wooden
63:
On 25 August 1939, the Louvre was closed for three days, officially for repairs. However, much of the Louvre art collection was hauled on trucks (203 vehicles transporting 1862 wooden cases) and sent to
2280:
1633:
68:. The crates had a marking to identify the importance of the art pieces they contained: a yellow circle for very valuable art pieces, green for major works and red for world treasures (the
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1174:
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1948:
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1248:
628:
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principle, arrived in Paris to oversee France's art collection, but the museum was almost empty. He knew what was going on but voluntarily did not do anything.
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1969:
656:
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1306:
1137:
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308:
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Throughout the war, the art pieces were clandestinely moved from château to château to avoid being taken back by the Nazis. For example, the
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1828:
919:
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28:
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321:
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2011:
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89:
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2018:
1997:
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260:
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1128:
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1810:
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55:
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79:
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1934:
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2425:
2181:
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1941:
1844:
1565:
1220:
1151:
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problem, and attendants with poles were responsible for dealing with electric or phone cables.
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1990:
1522:
1167:
1144:
983:
962:
672:
304:
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The Rape of Europa: The Fate of Europe's
Treasures in the Third Reich and the Second World War
100:
was moved from
Chambord to several castles and abbeys, to finish at the end of the war at the
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32:
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24:
101:
93:, which was moved on September 3, 1939, the day the French ultimatum to Germany expired.
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1117:
976:
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1339:
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114:
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1817:
1722:
1353:
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182:
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20:
134:, who was responsible of the conservation of the French art collections under the
3352:
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3000:
1676:
1497:
1482:
836:
135:
2707:
2460:
2439:
1332:
665:
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257:"Chambord, 1939-1945 : « Sauver un peu de la beauté du Monde »"
178:"Saviour of France's art: how the Mona Lisa was spirited away from the Nazis"
2970:
2375:
2172:
1983:
1781:
1736:
753:
214:
105:
70:
1257:
16:
Operation undertaken to save art housed in the Louvre from Nazi occupation
1241:
969:
325:
77:
Some of the art pieces were too big to be fit in a truck. For example
1851:
36:
2039:
54:
51:
The Winged
Victory of Samothrace was carefully lowered down a ramp
46:
453:
449:
431:
Illustre et
Inconnu. Comment Jacques Jaujard a sauvé le Louvre
282:
Illustre et
Inconnu. Comment Jacques Jaujard a sauvé le Louvre
122:, which was spared the German occupation on a technicality.
380:"How the Mona Lisa Escaped Destruction During World War II"
1111:
Treaty on the Final
Settlement with Respect to Germany
236:"How France Hid the Louvre's Masterpieces During WWII"
19:
During the beginning of the German invasions during
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1917:
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3761:Art and cultural repatriation after World War II
87:The last art piece to leave the museum was the
259:. chambord.org. September 2023. Archived from
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8:
35:, decided to organize the evacuation of the
2316:
1375:
564:
472:
458:
450:
172:
170:
168:
433:(Television production). Ladybirds Films.
164:
126:The arrival of the German army in Paris
2297:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
3168:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
2600:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
2246:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
2202:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
1307:Rape during the occupation of Germany
59:The Grande Gallerie in September 1939
7:
2290:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
1322:Rape during the liberation of France
347:"Did the Nazis steal the Mona Lisa?"
74:was marked with three red circles).
2516:German invasion of the Netherlands
796:Weather events during World War II
14:
3147:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
39:art collection to the provinces.
3707:
211:"Le Louvre ou l'art de résister"
43:Evacuation of the art collection
3756:Evacuations during World War II
405:"In Memoriam - Jacques Jaujard"
238:. twistedsifter.com. 2013-05-16
3394:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945
1104:Territorial changes of Germany
1012:Indonesian National Revolution
429:Jean-Pierre Devillers (2014).
1:
2794:Japanese invasion of Thailand
2745:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
2509:German invasion of Luxembourg
890:Mediterranean and Middle East
27:, the director of the French
2701:Invasion of the Soviet Union
2390:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
1708:Independent State of Croatia
110:Winged Victory of Samothrace
90:Winged Victory of Samothrace
3685:End of World War II in Asia
3525:Western invasion of Germany
3032:Chinese famine of 1942–1943
3009:Second Battle of El Alamein
2579:Hundred Regiments Offensive
2551:Battle of the Mediterranean
2404:Italian invasion of Albania
578:Air warfare of World War II
3782:
3766:Cultural history of France
3611:Naval bombardment of Japan
2979:First Battle of El Alamein
2898:Battle of Christmas Island
2843:Japanese invasion of Burma
2607:Italian invasion of Greece
2523:German invasion of Belgium
2495:German invasion of Denmark
2468:1939–1940 Winter Offensive
2337:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
601:Comparative military ranks
132:Franz von Wolff-Metternich
3700:
3532:Bratislava–Brno offensive
3463:Dutch famine of 1944–1945
3087:Allied invasion of Sicily
2947:Aleutian Islands campaign
2919:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
2857:Greek famine of 1941–1944
2752:Second Battle of Changsha
2657:German invasion of Greece
2502:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang
844:North and Central Pacific
487:
445:The Louvre During the War
293:Nicholas, Lynn H. (1994)
130:On 16 August 1940, count
3124:Allied invasion of Italy
3101:Solomon Islands campaign
2850:Third Battle of Changsha
2447:First Battle of Changsha
2353:Second Sino-Japanese War
1293:German military brothels
1159:United States war crimes
3546:Second Guangxi campaign
3401:Philippines (1944–1945)
2905:Battle of the Coral Sea
2808:Fall of the Philippines
2454:Battle of South Guangxi
2360:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
1766:Italian Social Republic
3131:Armistice of Cassibile
2933:Battle of Dutch Harbor
2884:Battle of the Java Sea
2787:Attack on Pearl Harbor
2687:Syria–Lebanon campaign
2680:Battle of South Shanxi
2650:Invasion of Yugoslavia
2433:Battle of the Atlantic
2047:Korean Liberation Army
1760:(until September 1943)
1717:(until September 1944)
1695:(until September 1944)
407:. gallica.bnf.fr. 1968
80:The Raft of the Medusa
60:
52:
3751:Paris in World War II
3295:Second Battle of Guam
3191:Bengal famine of 1943
3161:Second Battle of Kiev
3117:Battle of the Dnieper
2822:Battle of Wake Island
2694:East African campaign
2636:Battle of South Henan
2281:atrocities by Germans
2054:Korean Volunteer Army
1035:Occupation of Germany
789:Music in World War II
153:Paris in World War II
58:
50:
3581:Surrender of Germany
3059:Battle of West Hubei
3016:Guadalcanal campaign
2986:Battle of Stalingrad
2912:Battle of Madagascar
1686:Albania protectorate
1473:(formerly Swaziland)
1182:Wehrmacht war crimes
998:Expulsion of Germans
782:Art and World War II
680:British contribution
629:Governments in exile
3671:Potsdam Declaration
3560:Italy (Spring 1945)
3323:Liberation of Paris
2780:Siege of Sevastopol
1798:(until August 1944)
1701:Wang Jingwei regime
1523:from September 1943
1483:from September 1944
1421:from September 1944
1281:Romanian war crimes
1272:Persecution of Jews
1258:Croatian war crimes
1228:Japanese war crimes
1042:Occupation of Japan
991:First Indochina War
703:Military production
615:Declarations of war
120:Château de Valençay
66:Château de Chambord
31:, anticipating the
3664:Surrender of Japan
3497:Battle of Iwo Jima
3346:Belgrade offensive
2759:Siege of Leningrad
2643:Battle of Shanggao
2572:British Somaliland
2537:Dunkirk evacuation
2488:Norwegian campaign
2426:Invasion of Poland
2253:Japanese prisoners
1221:Italian war crimes
1152:British war crimes
1067:Soviet occupations
851:South-West Pacific
738:Allied cooperation
696:Military equipment
322:"Exode artistique"
61:
53:
3738:
3737:
3696:
3695:
3539:Battle of Okinawa
3438:Burma (1944–1945)
3272:Mariana and Palau
3052:Tunisian campaign
2877:Fall of Singapore
2801:Fall of Hong Kong
2544:Battle of Britain
2397:Operation Himmler
2306:
2305:
1970:Dutch East Indies
1613:Southern Rhodesia
1365:
1364:
1265:Genocide of Serbs
1168:German war crimes
1145:Soviet war crimes
1138:Allied war crimes
984:Division of Korea
963:Chinese Civil War
761:Strategic bombing
673:Manhattan Project
309:978-0-679-40069-1
3773:
3731:
3724:
3717:
3714:World portal
3712:
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3657:
3650:
3643:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3613:
3606:
3599:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3574:Prague offensive
3569:
3567:Battle of Berlin
3562:
3555:
3548:
3541:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3513:
3511:Vienna offensive
3506:
3499:
3492:
3490:Battle of Manila
3485:
3465:
3456:
3447:
3440:
3431:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3403:
3396:
3389:
3380:
3371:
3364:
3355:
3348:
3341:
3334:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3283:
3274:
3267:
3258:
3249:
3240:
3233:
3231:Korsun–Cherkassy
3226:
3215:
3193:
3184:
3177:
3170:
3163:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3133:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3103:
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3089:
3082:
3075:
3073:Bombing of Gorky
3068:
3061:
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3034:
3027:
3018:
3011:
3004:
2995:
2988:
2981:
2974:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2940:Battle of Midway
2935:
2928:
2926:Battle of Gazala
2921:
2914:
2907:
2900:
2893:
2886:
2879:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2836:Battle of Borneo
2831:
2829:Malayan campaign
2824:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2773:Bombing of Gorky
2768:
2766:Battle of Moscow
2761:
2754:
2747:
2740:
2733:
2726:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2666:
2659:
2652:
2645:
2638:
2618:
2609:
2602:
2595:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2567:
2560:
2553:
2546:
2539:
2532:
2530:Battle of France
2525:
2518:
2511:
2504:
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2490:
2470:
2463:
2456:
2449:
2442:
2435:
2428:
2406:
2399:
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2383:Munich Agreement
2378:
2371:
2362:
2355:
2348:
2339:
2332:
2317:
2299:
2292:
2283:
2276:
2269:
2268:Soviet prisoners
2262:
2255:
2248:
2239:
2232:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2208:German prisoners
2204:
2184:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2156:
2149:
2142:
2135:
2128:
2121:
2114:
2107:
2100:
2093:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1979:
1972:
1965:
1958:
1951:
1944:
1937:
1930:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1868:
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1840:
1820:
1813:
1806:
1799:
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1784:
1777:
1768:
1761:
1753:
1746:
1744:French Indochina
1739:
1732:
1725:
1718:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1688:
1668:
1659:
1652:
1643:
1636:
1629:
1622:
1615:
1608:
1601:
1594:
1591:from August 1944
1582:
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1540:
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1526:
1514:
1507:
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1317:
1302:
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1251:
1244:
1237:
1235:Nanjing Massacre
1230:
1223:
1214:
1212:Nuremberg trials
1205:
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839:
832:
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816:Asia and Pacific
798:
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747:
745:Mulberry harbour
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311:; OCLC 246524635
291:
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29:Musées Nationaux
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3406:
3399:
3392:
3383:
3374:
3367:
3358:
3351:
3344:
3337:
3328:
3321:
3316:Eastern Romania
3314:
3309:Warsaw Uprising
3307:
3302:Tannenberg Line
3300:
3293:
3288:Western Ukraine
3286:
3277:
3270:
3261:
3252:
3243:
3236:
3229:
3218:
3209:
3196:
3189:
3180:
3173:
3166:
3159:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3129:
3122:
3115:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3085:
3080:Battle of Kursk
3078:
3071:
3064:
3057:
3050:
3037:
3030:
3021:
3014:
3007:
2998:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2968:
2959:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2910:
2903:
2896:
2891:St Nazaire Raid
2889:
2882:
2875:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2827:
2820:
2813:
2806:
2799:
2792:
2785:
2778:
2771:
2764:
2757:
2750:
2743:
2736:
2729:
2715:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2673:Anglo-Iraqi War
2671:
2664:Battle of Crete
2662:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2621:
2612:
2605:
2598:
2593:Eastern Romania
2591:
2584:
2577:
2570:
2563:
2556:
2549:
2542:
2535:
2528:
2521:
2514:
2507:
2500:
2493:
2486:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2431:
2424:
2411:
2402:
2395:
2388:
2381:
2374:
2367:
2358:
2351:
2344:
2335:
2328:
2302:
2295:
2288:
2279:
2272:
2267:
2258:
2251:
2244:
2235:
2228:
2219:
2212:
2207:
2200:
2187:
2180:
2171:
2164:
2159:
2154:Western Ukraine
2152:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2124:
2117:
2110:
2103:
2098:Northeast China
2096:
2089:
2082:
2075:
2068:
2061:
2052:
2045:
2038:
2031:
2024:
2017:
2010:
2003:
1996:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1968:
1961:
1954:
1947:
1940:
1933:
1926:
1913:
1906:
1899:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1857:
1850:
1843:
1836:
1823:
1816:
1809:
1804:Slovak Republic
1802:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1775:Empire of Japan
1773:
1764:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1728:
1721:
1713:
1706:
1699:
1691:
1684:
1671:
1664:
1655:
1648:
1639:
1632:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1604:
1597:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1536:
1529:
1517:
1510:
1503:
1496:
1489:
1477:
1469:
1462:
1455:
1448:
1441:
1434:
1427:
1415:
1408:
1401:
1394:
1387:
1361:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1331:
1320:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1287:Sexual violence
1286:
1279:
1270:
1263:
1256:
1247:
1240:
1233:
1226:
1219:
1210:
1201:
1194:
1187:
1180:
1173:
1166:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1093:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1065:
1056:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1017:
1010:
1005:Greek Civil War
1003:
996:
989:
982:
975:
968:
961:
948:
941:
932:
925:
918:
909:
902:
895:
888:
879:
872:
865:
856:
849:
842:
835:
830:South-East Asia
828:
821:
814:
801:
794:
787:
780:
773:
766:
759:
752:
743:
736:
729:
722:
715:
708:
701:
694:
689:Military awards
687:
678:
671:
664:
655:
648:
641:
634:
627:
620:
613:
606:
599:
592:
583:
576:
556:
549:
542:
533:
526:
519:
514:
505:
498:
491:
483:
478:
441:
428:
425:
420:
419:
410:
408:
403:
402:
398:
389:
387:
378:
377:
373:
358:
356:
345:
344:
340:
331:
329:
320:
319:
315:
301:Alfred A. Knopf
292:
288:
280:
279:
275:
266:
264:
255:
254:
250:
241:
239:
234:
233:
229:
220:
218:
209:
208:
204:
189:
187:
176:
175:
166:
161:
144:
128:
45:
25:Jacques Jaujard
17:
12:
11:
5:
3779:
3777:
3769:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3743:
3742:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3725:
3718:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3689:
3688:
3681:
3674:
3660:
3659:
3658:
3644:
3641:South Sakhalin
3637:
3636:
3635:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3577:
3570:
3563:
3556:
3549:
3542:
3535:
3528:
3521:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3493:
3486:
3478:
3476:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3466:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3441:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3390:
3381:
3372:
3365:
3356:
3349:
3342:
3335:
3326:
3319:
3312:
3305:
3298:
3291:
3284:
3275:
3268:
3259:
3250:
3241:
3234:
3227:
3216:
3206:
3204:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3187:
3186:
3185:
3178:
3164:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3120:
3113:
3104:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3069:
3066:Battle of Attu
3062:
3055:
3047:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3035:
3028:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2996:
2989:
2982:
2975:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2957:
2943:
2936:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2872:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2815:Battle of Guam
2811:
2804:
2797:
2790:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2762:
2755:
2748:
2741:
2738:Battle of Kiev
2734:
2727:
2713:
2712:
2711:
2697:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2631:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2619:
2610:
2603:
2596:
2589:
2582:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2554:
2547:
2540:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2483:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2471:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2436:
2429:
2421:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2407:
2400:
2393:
2386:
2379:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2356:
2342:
2341:
2340:
2325:
2323:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2277:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2249:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2237:United Kingdom
2233:
2226:
2225:
2224:
2205:
2197:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2169:
2157:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2129:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2050:
2036:
2029:
2022:
2015:
2008:
2001:
1994:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1966:
1959:
1952:
1945:
1938:
1931:
1923:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1904:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1869:
1862:
1855:
1848:
1841:
1833:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1814:
1807:
1800:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1754:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1726:
1719:
1711:
1704:
1697:
1689:
1681:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1669:
1662:
1661:
1660:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1641:British Empire
1634:United Kingdom
1630:
1623:
1616:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1548:
1541:
1534:
1527:
1515:
1508:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1475:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1450:Czechoslovakia
1446:
1439:
1432:
1425:
1413:
1406:
1399:
1392:
1384:
1382:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1350:
1347:Rape of Manila
1343:
1336:
1329:
1318:
1303:
1296:
1284:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1268:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1245:
1238:
1224:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1199:
1185:
1178:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1155:
1148:
1133:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1118:United Nations
1114:
1107:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1091:
1084:
1077:
1063:
1054:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1024:
1015:
1008:
1001:
994:
987:
980:
977:Decolonization
973:
966:
958:
956:
950:
949:
947:
946:
939:
938:
937:
923:
916:
915:
914:
907:
900:
886:
885:
884:
877:
863:
862:
861:
854:
847:
840:
833:
826:
811:
809:
803:
802:
800:
799:
792:
785:
778:
771:
764:
757:
750:
749:
748:
741:
727:
720:
713:
706:
699:
692:
685:
684:
683:
669:
662:
661:
660:
653:
650:United Kingdom
646:
632:
625:
618:
611:
604:
597:
590:
589:
588:
573:
571:
562:
558:
557:
555:
554:
547:
540:
539:
538:
531:
524:
512:
511:
510:
496:
488:
485:
484:
479:
477:
476:
469:
462:
454:
448:
447:
440:
439:External links
437:
436:
435:
424:
421:
418:
417:
396:
371:
338:
313:
286:
273:
248:
227:
202:
163:
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44:
41:
33:fall of France
15:
13:
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3:
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3649:
3648:Kuril Islands
3645:
3642:
3638:
3633:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3622:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3605:
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3448:
3446:
3442:
3439:
3435:
3430:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3415:Syrmian Front
3412:
3409:
3405:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3373:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3361:Market Garden
3357:
3354:
3350:
3347:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3313:
3310:
3306:
3303:
3299:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3273:
3269:
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3265:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3239:
3235:
3232:
3228:
3225:
3221:
3220:Monte Cassino
3217:
3214:
3213:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3203:
3199:
3192:
3188:
3183:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3165:
3162:
3158:
3155:
3151:
3148:
3144:
3141:
3137:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3102:
3098:
3095:
3091:
3088:
3084:
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3077:
3074:
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3067:
3063:
3060:
3056:
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3049:
3048:
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3040:
3033:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3020:
3017:
3013:
3010:
3006:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2983:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2967:
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2958:
2955:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2944:
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2934:
2930:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2909:
2906:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2881:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2858:
2854:
2851:
2847:
2844:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2826:
2823:
2819:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2798:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2784:
2781:
2777:
2774:
2770:
2767:
2763:
2760:
2756:
2753:
2749:
2746:
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2739:
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2732:
2728:
2724:
2723:
2718:
2714:
2709:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2681:
2677:
2674:
2670:
2665:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2608:
2604:
2601:
2597:
2594:
2590:
2587:
2586:Baltic states
2583:
2580:
2576:
2573:
2569:
2566:
2562:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2548:
2545:
2541:
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2513:
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2506:
2503:
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2484:
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2455:
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2441:
2437:
2434:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2405:
2401:
2398:
2394:
2391:
2387:
2384:
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2377:
2373:
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2366:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2349:
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2338:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2298:
2294:
2291:
2287:
2282:
2278:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2230:United States
2227:
2222:
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2217:
2215:
2211:
2210:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2170:
2167:
2166:Quốc dân Đảng
2163:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2148:
2144:
2141:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2127:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2074:
2071:
2067:
2064:
2060:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1939:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1866:Liechtenstein
1863:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1826:
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1650:United States
1647:
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263:on 2023-09-02
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3722:Bibliography
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3518:Project Hula
3483:Vistula–Oder
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2558:North Africa
2260:Soviet Union
2214:Soviet Union
2140:Soviet Union
1908:Vatican City
1818:Vichy France
1723:German Reich
1620:Soviet Union
1606:South Africa
1599:Sierra Leone
1552:Newfoundland
1371:Participants
1354:Marocchinate
1058:
1049:
1019:
897:North Africa
858:Indian Ocean
717:Nazi plunder
608:Cryptography
481:World War II
430:
423:Bibliography
409:. Retrieved
399:
388:. Retrieved
386:. 2016-08-25
384:Mental Floss
374:
364:
363:
357:. Retrieved
355:. 2013-11-12
352:The Guardian
350:
341:
330:. Retrieved
328:. 2014-10-31
316:
299:. New York:
294:
289:
281:
276:
265:. Retrieved
261:the original
251:
240:. Retrieved
230:
219:. Retrieved
217:. 2013-11-13
205:
195:
194:
188:. Retrieved
186:. 2014-11-22
183:The Guardian
181:
148:Nazi plunder
129:
113:
109:
102:Musée Ingres
97:
95:
88:
86:
78:
76:
69:
62:
21:World War II
18:
3453:Bodenplatte
3339:Gothic Line
2565:West Africa
2112:Philippines
2091:Netherlands
1956:Czech lands
1894:Switzerland
1838:Afghanistan
1789:Philippines
1657:Puerto Rico
1573:Philippines
1559:New Zealand
1545:Netherlands
1498:Free France
1249:Prosecution
1050:Osoaviakhim
920:West Africa
904:East Africa
551:Conferences
136:Kunstschutz
3745:Categories
3553:West Hunan
3386:Pointblank
2722:Silver Fox
2708:Summer War
2461:Winter War
2440:Phoney War
2221:Azerbaijan
2182:Yugoslavia
2077:Luxembourg
1919:Resistance
1666:Yugoslavia
1531:Luxembourg
1333:Sook Ching
1129:War crimes
731:Technology
724:Opposition
666:Lend-Lease
643:Australian
636:Home front
594:Blitzkrieg
544:Casualties
535:Commanders
507:Operations
411:2018-01-13
390:2018-07-15
359:2018-07-15
332:2018-01-19
267:2023-09-13
242:2018-01-13
221:2018-01-13
190:2018-01-13
159:References
3618:Manchuria
3504:Indochina
3280:Bagration
2731:Lithuania
2376:Anschluss
2173:Viet Minh
2070:Lithuania
2012:Hong Kong
1782:Manchukuo
1737:Azad Hind
1396:Australia
1196:Aftermath
1059:Paperclip
954:Aftermath
754:Total war
622:Diplomacy
585:In Europe
215:Le Figaro
106:Montauban
98:Mona Lisa
71:Mona Lisa
3729:Category
3678:document
3588:document
3445:Ardennes
3429:Budapest
3377:Crossbow
3255:Overlord
3094:Smolensk
2312:Timeline
2147:Slovakia
2133:Thailand
1984:Ethiopia
1949:Bulgaria
1873:Portugal
1811:Thailand
1693:Bulgaria
1471:Eswatini
1464:Ethiopia
1417:Bulgaria
1242:Unit 731
1203:Response
1020:Keelhaul
970:Cold War
943:Americas
934:timeline
927:Atlantic
807:Theaters
326:Le Monde
142:See also
3655:Shumshu
3422:Hungary
3369:Estonia
3353:Lapland
3331:Dragoon
3264:Neptune
3246:Ichi-Go
3212:Tempest
3154:Changde
3109:Cottage
3001:Jubilee
2717:Finland
2615:Compass
2321:Prelude
2274:Finland
2160:Vietnam
2126:Romania
1998:Germany
1977:Estonia
1963:Denmark
1942:Belgium
1935:Austria
1928:Albania
1859:Ireland
1845:Andorra
1829:Neutral
1796:Romania
1730:Hungary
1715:Finland
1587:Romania
1479:Finland
1457:Denmark
1403:Belgium
1389:Algeria
1095:Romania
1081:Hungary
837:Pacific
561:General
515:Leaders
500:Battles
493:Outline
3632:Debate
3604:Taipei
3597:Borneo
3175:Tarawa
2369:Europe
2330:Africa
2119:Poland
2105:Norway
2084:Malaya
2063:Latvia
2005:Greece
1991:France
1887:Sweden
1852:Bhutan
1580:Poland
1566:Norway
1538:Mexico
1505:Greece
1491:France
1429:Canada
1410:Brazil
1380:Allies
1326:Serbia
1315:Poland
1088:Poland
1074:Baltic
867:Europe
569:Topics
521:Allied
307:
197:cases.
108:. The
37:Louvre
3408:Leyte
3238:Narva
3224:Anzio
3182:Makin
3140:Burma
3024:Torch
2993:Rzhev
2954:Kiska
2040:Korea
2026:Japan
2019:Italy
1901:Tibet
1880:Spain
1758:Italy
1519:Italy
1512:India
1436:China
1311:Japan
911:Italy
823:China
775:Women
3474:1945
3202:1944
3043:1943
2971:Blue
2961:Attu
2868:1942
2627:1941
2479:1940
2417:1939
2346:Asia
2193:POWs
2033:Jews
1751:Iraq
1677:Axis
1627:Tuva
1443:Cuba
528:Axis
305:ISBN
112:and
104:in
3747::
3222:/
382:.
362:.
349:.
324:.
213:.
193:.
180:.
167:^
23:,
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1419:(
473:e
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245:.
224:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
