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part of all known
Excelsior cameras in existence today. Six months later another wet plate upgrade was patented under Patent No. 29,523, which expanded on the first aiding "in attaching the camera to a movable frame... for the purpose of facilitating the copying of large pictures by photographing."
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August
Semmendinger began to manufacture cameras in 1859 in New York City at Nos. 410 & 412 West 16th Street under the business name "A. Semmendinger & Sons". He was one of the first major manufacturers of wet plate cameras, a type of photography that was discovered eight years prior in 1851
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Variation 1 often refers to the
Excelsior camera featuring a cone, or tapered, bellows. This camera also had a compartment on the front under the lenses where the brass screws used for focusing, securing, and moving the lens board would have been kept. Sizes for variation 1 varied from 6½x8½ inches
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Semmendinger cameras were most commonly single lens cameras under the model name
Excelsior. All were made of finely polished mahogany with a cloth of rubber bellows and brass focusing screws. After Semmendinger's invention of the silver corners (Patent No. 145020), these were included in all future
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The
Excelsior camera evolved over time to use novel features created by Semmendinger himself. The first, Patent No. 27,241, involved combining a spring board with a typical photographic apparatus "for the purpose of facilitating a rapid multiplication in photographing". This patent is an integral
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Semmendinger's "Mammoth plate" wet-collodion camera saw use in remote landscape photography despite its weight and that of the glass plates it used. It was considered a "monster". Semmenndinger's idea of utilizing that portion of the camera just under the lens and converting it into a sort of
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After several years of camera production in New York City, the
Semmendinger & Sons business moved across the river to Fort Lee, NJ. August Semmendinger died in 1885 leaving the business to his younger sons who continued the manufacturing of Excelsior wet plate cameras for some time.
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Variation 2 refers to the
Excelsior without the tapered bellows. This camera also lacked the compartment under the lens, and was used more commonly as a studio or portrait camera. Sizes for variation 2 varied from 4¼x5½ inches to 20x24 inches.
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with combinations of either two or four lenses. All cameras produced by
Semmendinger were part of the Excelsior brand, yet attempts have been made to distinguish between variations.
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Excelsior model cameras. In addition to the common single lens variety, Semmendinger produced
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Fowler, Don D. (1989) The
Western Photographs of John K. Hillers: Myself in the Water pg. 20
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to 17x20 inches. This model was also available to be made in a 5x8 inch stereoscopic size.
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cupboard was thought novel. One such
Semmendinger "mammoth" is on display in the
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291:(Vol. III - No. 8 ed.). New York, NY. August 18, 1860. p.
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Many Semmendinger cameras may be found in museums such as the
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507:"Explore photography's history with these rare cameras"
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An Excelsior Wet Plate Camera in a private collection.
435:"Excelsior View Camera, Variation 2, A. Semmendinger"
414:"Excelsior View Camera, Variation 1, A. Semmendinger"
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Photographic processes dating from the 19th century
241:"Light Stalking Photography Community & Blog"
470:The Photographic Times and American Photographer
141:. Excelsior cameras were manufactured in both
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540:http://www.bwtownsend.com/camera/semingx.htm
490:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
393:"Improvement in photographic plate-holders"
312:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
133:is a type of wet plate camera invented by
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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45:Please improve this article by adding
505:Moses, Jeanette (11 September 2019).
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183:UCR/California Museum of Photography
137:, one of the first manufacturers of
535:http://www.semmendinger-camera.com
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58:"Excelsior Wet Plate Camera"
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371:"Semmendinger Excelsior"
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373:. UCR Arts
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226:References
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181:, and the
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328:"Dinger"
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