305:, they faced severe difficulties. Almost 80% of the staff were involved with war service of some sort with 60% going to war overseas. Women were employed as conductresses but being a motorman (driver) was still seen as a man's job. Due to lack of trained staff, the trams often did not run the full length of the line, leaving passengers to walk to their destinations. The frequency of the trams was reduced in January 1918 from one every eight minutes to one every nine minutes but the trams were still often late and overcrowded. Maintenance also became an issue both from lack of materials and money to pay for them. This lack of maintenance may have contributed to the only fatal accident that ever occurred on the trams. On 6 March 1917 a tramcar got out of control on Fore Street Hill. It collided with a lorry belonging to the London and South Western Railway. A Mrs. Mary Findlay was killed when the car left the rails and overturned.
187:
318:
AEC Regent and
Leyland TD2 double deckers (delivered in 1931). As the councillors could not decide whether to replace the trams completely with buses, they commissioned a report from an independent expert whose report was completed in April 1929. He found that there was a backlog of track renewals and other repairs, that the narrow streets were not suitable for trams and that at an average speed of 6.5 miles per hour (compared to 9.5 mph in London) the trams were slower than in any of 11 other cities. In council elections in November 1929, the Labour Party campaigned on a platform of keeping the trams but their vote declined. In 1930 the council finally decide to replace the trams with double-decker buses.
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215:
the system or even keep the trams well maintained. As early as 1883 the company had difficulty in paying its mortgage and other debts. The company continued have financial difficulties and faced liquidation in 1888. The
Company was subject to a Compulsory Winding Up Order dated 10 March 1888 and attempts by the Liquidator to find a buyer were unsuccessful. The Company was dissolved by the High Court on 7 August 1889. In 1892 it was taken over by the Tramway Purchase Syndicate and leased to Frederick Burt and Company. However, even under the new ownership, problems were ongoing. In 1893 Sunday services were suspended through the spring, and the route up the steep hill from
244:. The authority to run this service had been granted under a 21-year act, and so by 1900 the act was coming up for renewal. Two private companies approached the city council to seek permission to replace the horse trams with electric trams. However, the city council decided to investigate the possibility of running the trams services themselves. Members of the Tramways Committee went to visit other tram systems, including ones in London, Birmingham, Southampton and even going to France to visit systems in Paris, Rouen and Le Havre. The report prepared by the city surveyor and its electrical engineer supported the adoption of an
458:
314:
Okehampton had to go through the centre of town and across the Exe Bridge. Between 1920 and 1930 the number of motor vehicles travelling along the High Street each day increased from 1,314 to 5,901. Although some bypass road were built such as Prince of Wales Road and the Hill Barton bypass to
Countess Wear, this did little to solve the problems. Part of the problem was perceived to be due to the trams - especially so, given the narrow streets of parts of Exeter and the large proportion of the system which was single track.
39:
511:(as were all the later trams) and had two 34 horsepower (25 kW) motors and seated 44. After World War I two new cars were purchased (26 and 27). These had seats for 54 passengers. Car 27 was the first to be fitted with an enclosed cab. Nos 28-30 were bought in 1925 and were followed by the last of the first series - no 31-34 in 1926. The last trams were purchased in 1929 (1-4 of the new series) and were initially intended for the planned extension to Whipton. They had two
344:
414:, on the bridge completed in 1905, and then divided into two with one branch which ran along Alphington Road as far as Stone Lane, and a second branch went to the top of Cowick Street. The route down Pinhoe Road now went to Abbey Road and that along Heavitree Road was extended through Heavitree (then outside the city boundary) to Cross Park. The section of the horse tram route along New North Road was not included in the new system.
403:
479:' for the opening in 1882. The trams seated sixteen passengers on the inside with four more on the rear platform. The trams were yellow with chocolate brown lettering. Three more trams were bought 1883, when the complete network was opened and then two more in 1884. Around the mid-1890s, the company bought its first double decker trams, again from the
612:
built in 1905. Some of the pole were also used for street lighting and it is still possible to see some of the bases of the poles, for example among the railings on Hele Road. The system was split into sections which could be isolated and were powered independently. So that problems could be reported
515:
50 horsepower (37 kW) motors and could seat 53 people. They were delivered only months before the decision was made to bring an end to the tram services. In 1931 these four tramcars were sold to
Halifax Corporation for £200 each. They ran there for a further 7 years until finally being withdrawn
317:
The tramways committee first introduced bus services in 1928 to serve areas which the trams did not go to. These motor buses were single deckers; Maudslay, Leyland and
Bristols. The Maudslay ML3 no 5 (FJ6154)of this period is now preserved. After testing several different buses they eventually chose
498:
Over the whole of its existence, Exeter
Corporation Tramways bought a total of 37 trams. These were numbered 1-24 (without a number 13) in the first series and 1-4 in the second series. All were open top double deck trams with four wheels. Trams 1-21 were purchased between April 1905 and August 1906
440:
Several further extensions were proposed but none of them were ever built. The original agreed plans included the following additional routes: down
Eastgate to Southernhay; down Longbrook Street and up to Pennsylvania Road; along Bonhay from Fore Street to St David's station; along Denmark Road from
359:
in May 1893. Two additional routes were introduced in 1893: one ran along New North Road, and then down St David's Hill to the
Railway station; th third route went to the end of Mount Pleasant Road via Sidwell Street and Blackboy Road. However, a plan to run trams along Queen Street and High Street
494:
by local farmers, first by pulling carts and then moving on to the trams. After they were no longer able to pull the trams, they would be sold back to the farms for lighter work. There were several convictions of tram drivers for cruelty to the horses. At the end of horse-drawn tram services, there
214:
Although the routes along
Sidwell Street and Heavitree Road proved to be popular, the company's failure to get permission for a line along Queen Street and High Street in the heart of the town made it difficult for the company to make a large operating surplus. This meant they were unable to expand
531:
in 1994, having previously been used as a summerhouse at Rewe and latterly
Winkleigh. Due to the narrower gauge at Seaton (2ft 9in / 838mm), it had to be restored as a single deck saloon but otherwise retains the original proportions, along with a good deal of original bodywork and other preserved
321:
In January 1931 the service along Alphington Road ended and the final trams ran on 19 August 1931. The last ever tram was driven by Mr E.C. Perry who as mayor, had driven the first tram. The last tram, car 14, was followed by a double decker bus to usher in the new age. Mr E.C. Perry was presented
222:
By the start of the twentieth century, the 21 year life of the act which set up the system was coming to its end and the corporation had a right to purchase the business. In 1903 the Exeter Corporation Bill was passed in Parliament which gave the corporation the right to buy out the Exeter Tramway
210:
were William Leigh Bernard, W. Standing, and WM Wood. The Manager and Inspector was SH Culley and the Secretary was J. Lord. The Exeter Tramway Company was formed at a meeting at the Black Horse Inn on Longbrook Street on 15 November 1881. Construction of the tramway began on 3 January 1882 and it
259:
was passed in Parliament for the right to buy out the Exeter Tramways Company and for the city to build and run a new system. The cost of setting up the electric tramways was £65,200. The cost included £6,800 to buy out the previous company and all the track, stock and horses. Construction of the
251:
In December 1902 a poll of residents was taken on two questions - whether to present a Parliamentary Bill for the right to run the trams and whether the trams should run along the High Street. The first questions was approved with a 79% majority and the second with a majority of 75%. The previous
297:
There was considerable debate about whether to carrying advertising on the trams. Adverts on tickets was introduced from start but many members of council felt that it was not appropriate for a corporation owned service. It was only in 1920 that advertising was carried routinely on the trams.
313:
By the late 1920s, traffic in the centre of Exeter was becoming an increasing problem - especially during the summer. The High Street was a major bottleneck as almost all the through traffic had to pass along it. All vehicles coming from Bath or Honiton and going towards Plymouth, Torquay or
290:. Once the tram had travelled to Livery Dole and back, the Mayor gave a speech from the top deck of the first tram. By June 1905 the trams were already carrying 80,000 passengers per week. Special fares for workers were offered with cheaper fares for early morning and early evening travel.
252:
horse tram system had been refused permission to run along the High Street. This was despite opposition from some local business leaders such as Charles Josiah Ross (owner of a local draper and outfitters shop) and other firms such as Hinton Lake the chemists and W.R. Lisle, jewellers.
227:
built a new system of electric trams. The last horse-drawn tram ran on 4 April 1905. Going in front of the first electric tram service it travelled from the Guildhall and then along the High Street, down New North Road, to the tram shed and into retirement.
293:
The first services only operated from the Guildhall to Mount Pleasant Inn and from St David's to Livery Dole. By September 1906 however, the route crossing the bridge across the River Exe opened with a line out to Stone Lane in Alphington.
441:
Magdalen Street and one down South Street. To ensure the service remained profitable none of these were built. Later proposal for extensions included extensions of the Heavitee line and an extension from Pinhoe road to
2194:
540:
On 26 September 1885 the worst accident of the horse-tram era occurred when the brakes failed while a tram was going down St David's Hill and it overturned. The horses and four passengers were injured.
428:
Abbey Road junction with Pinhoe Road to Stone Lane junction with Alphington Road, via Sidwell Street, High Street and the Exe Bridge. The symbol for this route was a green circle on a white background.
1630:
2662:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2159:
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There was one fatal accident on the system on 17 March 1917 after a tram ran out of control down the steep hill of Fore Street, picking up speed and eventually overturning on Exe Bridge.
351:
The system had 3 main routes radiating from just outside the East gate of the city. The first trams in 1882, ran from the Bude Hotel in London Inn Square to a stop on Heavitree Road near
2179:
1942:
2169:
206:'s streets. The rights were assigned to a commercial company, The Exeter Tramway Company. This company was launched in 1881 when its prospectus was published in The Times. The
2717:
2524:
2371:
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tramways involved considerable disruption to the High Street with the road being dug up and a number of properties being demolished to make way for the trams. This led to
1569:
2214:
1680:
1501:
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Exeter St. David's Station to Pinhoe Road via Hele Road. Some trams terminated at Queen Street. The symbol for this route was a white circle on a green background.
410:
The electric trams expanded considerably the routes of the former horse tram. The most significant new route was the one which ran along the High Street, over the
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1932:
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then on to Barnfield was prevented by the opposition of shop owners on these streets and also by residents. A planned branch along Queen Street as far the
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1927:
1721:
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2424:
2357:
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286:, including the only horse tram ever to travel down the High Street. The first electric tram was driven by the Mayor who was presented with a silver
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2124:
1937:
1922:
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507:(19 kW) motors and had 42 seats, 20 on the lower and 22 on the upper deck. Nos 22-25, bought in December 1914 were the first purchased from
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2002:
1806:
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Company and construct a new system. The company and stock of the tramway was purchased by Exeter Corporation on 1 February 1904 for £6,749.
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2384:
2199:
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2083:
1957:
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Cross Park Terrace (Heavitree) to Cowick Street, via Paris Street, High Street and the Exe Bridge. The symbol for this route was a white
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when all its lights went out. Fortunately this was found to simply be a minor problem with the engagement of the trolley arm and The
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quickly, each of the section pillars which provided the supply also had a telephone to the power station and the depot.
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style. When the company was bought out, there were four remaining double decker trams and one single decker.
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There was a flat fare of 1d for a single journey, and 3d for a through journey which via London Inn Square.
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were twenty-two horses owned by the company which were sold off by Exeter Corporation for about £15 each.
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which was also silver-plated and inscribed. One of the tramcars (No. 19) survived and was restored on the
322:
with a silver-plated control handle and Mr Bradley, Chairman of the Transport Committee was presented the
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and most of the traction poles had side brackets included the ones which were part of the design of the
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The last horse tram was paraded through the streets at the inauguration of the electric services in 1905
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The livery of the trams was dark green and cream with gold lettering and a dark maroon under carriage.
532:
features, such as the seats. It entered service in September 1998, retaining its Exeter fleet number.
2896:
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2174:
1426:
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38:
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2414:
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573:
207:
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2317:
2297:
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1977:
1741:
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being on the street frontage (having previously been hidden) and the demolition of its porch.
173:
took over. They closed the old network and replaced it with a new one powered by electricity.
442:
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2103:
2028:
1866:
1826:
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589:
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283:
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2419:
2098:
1997:
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1441:
1375:
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577:
783:
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The official opening was on 4 April 1905 at 12.30. Five Trams were lined up outside the
2934:
2088:
912:
Exeter Corporation Transport 1904 - 1970, including Exeter Tramways Company 1882 - 1904
601:
528:
508:
491:
388:
343:
327:
276:
132:
1297:
Exeter Corporation Tramways at the British Tramway Company Badges and Buttons website.
910:
3020:
2307:
2018:
1907:
605:
569:
245:
135:
483:. A minimum of 6 of these were purchased along with a final single decker tram in a
475:) gauge and the first ones were single deckers. Three trams were purchased from the
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1170:
267:
The first test of the new electric trams took place on 24 March 1905 from the new
17:
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557:
356:
302:
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609:
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Lamp standard from the 1905 Exe Bridge which was also a traction pole. Now at
504:
384:
44:
411:
1292:
Exeter Tramways at the British Tramway Company Badges and Buttons website.
604:
at 500-550 V for the trams. The trams were supplied their power through a
376:
241:
200:"for making tramways in the county of Devon to be called Exeter Tramways"
162:
422:
973:
380:
203:
60:
551:
456:
401:
342:
185:
371:
The company also ran connecting horse-bus services which went to
211:
started horse-drawn tramway services in Exeter on 6 April 1882.
129:
1305:
568:
City of Exeter Electricity Company who in 1904 had built a new
271:
at the end of Paris Street. The tram had just set off towards
202:. Under this the council gave 21 years of running powers over
490:
Each tram was pulled by a team of two horses. They would be
1333:
Historic tramways in the United Kingdom and the Isle of Man
1153:
1151:
1058:
1056:
1054:
871:
869:
739:
737:
576:. The trams had the benefit for the company of providing a
1090:
1088:
1075:
1073:
1071:
856:
854:
852:
754:
752:
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of London. It generated a total power of 1,300 kW
588:
and with cabling installed in stone lined conduits by
445:. The later proposal got approval for a loan from the
2990:
International Tramways and Light Railways Exhibition
2983:
2925:
2822:
2784:
2716:
2523:
2370:
2243:
2195:
South Staffordshire & Birmingham District Steam
2117:
2011:
1890:
1694:
1583:
1510:
1414:
1348:
1339:
146:
141:
122:
114:
95:
90:
82:
74:
66:
56:
51:
31:
564:The power for the trams was provided by the newly
417:Once completed the system operated three routes:
2940:Birmingham and Midland Tramways Joint Committee
161:were operated between 1882 and 1931. The first
580:during the daytime. The new power station was
1317:
8:
2761:Giant's Causeway, Portrush & Bush Valley
2847:Electric Railway and Tramway Carriage Works
2160:Dudley, Stourbridge & District Electric
1867:Stalybridge, Hyde, Mossley & Dukinfield
301:Although the trams continued to run during
2892:Midland Railway Carriage and Wagon Company
1345:
1324:
1310:
1302:
37:
28:
909:Local Transport History Society (2016).
887:Crediton Chronicle, Saturday 10 Mar 1917
1933:Gravesend, Rosherville & Northfleet
1250:
1207:Exeter Memories page on Local Transport
1194:
1157:
1142:
1130:
1118:
1106:
1094:
1079:
1062:
1045:
1033:
1021:
1009:
997:
960:
948:
936:
896:
875:
860:
843:
831:
819:
807:
770:
758:
743:
728:
698:
683:
660:"The Black Horse Inn, Longbrook Street"
628:
621:
481:Bristol Wagon and Carriage Work Company
2955:National Electric Construction Company
2708:Scottish Tramway and Transport Society
2205:Staffordshire Potteries Street Railway
1631:Middlesbrough, Stockton & Thornaby
347:A map of the horse - drawn tram system
2583:Dundee, Broughty Ferry & District
7:
2837:Brush Electrical Engineering Company
2400:Cardiff District and Penarth Harbour
2079:Plymouth, Stonehouse & Devonport
3042:3 ft 6 in gauge railways in England
719:The National Archives File C 26/218
527:The body of Car 19 was acquired by
2872:Lancaster Carriage and Wagon Works
2074:Plymouth, Devonport & District
1226:"Electricity Generation in Exeter"
649:The Stock Exchange Year Book, 1883
477:Bristol Wagon & Carriage Works
368:was in a shed off New North Road.
25:
2970:Patent Cable Tramways Corporation
2505:Swansea Constitution Hill Incline
2165:Dudley, Sedgley and Wolverhampton
1681:Tynemouth & District Electric
2751:Castlederg & Victoria Bridge
1923:Folkestone, Hythe & Sandgate
1502:Nottinghamshire & Derbyshire
2882:Manlove, Alliott & Co. Ltd.
2515:Wrexham & District Electric
2215:Wolverhampton District Electric
2003:Wolverton & Stony Stratford
1651:Stockton & Darlington Steam
279:Inspector approved the system.
2907:Starbuck Car and Wagon Company
2693:Stirling & Bridge of Allan
2435:Llanelly and District Electric
2385:Barmouth Junction & Arthog
2155:Dudley & Stourbridge Steam
1268:Exeter and the Trams 1882-1931
710:Railway times, Volume 54, 1888
465:The horse trams were built to
391:and to the end of Union Road.
43:An electric tram crossing the
1:
2470:Pontypridd and Rhondda Valley
2170:Kidderminster & Stourport
503:of Preston. They had two 25
2960:New General Traction Company
2353:Yorkshire (Woollen District)
1671:Sunderland District Electric
1621:Middlesbrough & Stockton
640:The Times, 26 September 1881
362:Royal Albert Memorial Museum
2975:Provincial Tramways Company
2912:United Electric Car Company
2776:Warrenpoint & Rostrevor
2633:Greenock & Port Glasgow
2200:South Staffordshire Company
1722:Blackburn & Over Darwen
784:"Trams and buses in Exeter"
330:but as a single deck tram.
242:horse-drawn tramway service
225:Exeter Corporation Tramways
3058:
2688:Rothesay & Ettrick Bay
2425:Llandudno & Colwyn Bay
1928:Gravesend & Northfleet
461:A double-deck electric car
425:cross on a red background.
3027:Tram transport in England
2965:Imperial Tramways Company
2945:British Electric Traction
2799:Douglas Southern Electric
2766:Glenanne & Loughgilly
2480:Pwllheli & Llanbedrog
2475:Pontypridd Urban District
2220:Wolverhampton Corporation
1732:Blackpool & Fleetwood
1641:South Shields Corporation
1626:Middlesbrough Corporation
1497:Nottingham & District
219:into town was abandoned.
152:4.95 miles (7.97 km)
36:
2832:British Thompson-Houston
2741:Cavehill & Whitewell
2598:Edinburgh & District
2548:Airdrie & Coatbridge
2313:Mexborough & Swinton
2180:Leamington & Warwick
1958:Portsdown & Horndean
1676:Tynemouth & District
1472:Mansfield & District
1270:. Exeter Civic Society.
1212:30 December 2010 at the
584:with generators made by
468:3 ft 6 in
103:3 ft 6 in
2950:British Thomson-Houston
2887:Merryweather & Sons
2358:Yorkshire (West Riding)
2273:Grimsby & Immingham
2253:Barnsley & District
1988:Southampton Corporation
1903:Brighton & Shoreham
1656:Stockton & District
1482:Northampton Corporation
1266:Neville, Julia (2010).
978:Seaton Tramways Website
246:overhead trolley system
2857:Thomas Green & Son
2323:Scarborough funiculars
2135:Birmingham Corporation
2130:Birmingham & Aston
2059:Gloucester Corporation
2034:Camborne & Redruth
1913:Chatham & District
1666:Sunderland Corporation
1591:Darlington Corporation
1492:Nottingham Corporation
561:
462:
407:
348:
238:Exeter Tramway Company
191:
167:Exeter Tramway Company
2897:G.F. Milnes & Co.
2736:Bessbrook & Newry
2608:Edinburgh Corporation
2573:Dundee & District
2495:Swansea & Mumbles
2225:Wolverhampton Company
1797:Liverpool Corporation
1742:Blackpool Corporation
1727:Blackburn Corporation
1560:London County Council
1467:Leicester Corporation
555:
460:
449:but was never built.
447:Ministry of Transport
405:
364:was never built. The
346:
240:had been operating a
189:
165:were operated by the
2842:Dick, Kerr & Co.
2678:Perth & District
2538:Aberdeen Corporation
2500:Swansea Improvements
2485:Pwllheli Corporation
2445:Neath & District
2069:Plymouth Corporation
1406:Wisbech & Upwell
586:British Westinghouse
501:Dick, Kerr & Co.
355:and was extended to
115:Propulsion system(s)
3037:Transport in Exeter
2877:Maley & Taunton
2814:Upper Douglas Cable
2726:Belfast Corporation
2628:Glasgow & Ibrox
2623:Glasgow Corporation
2460:Newport Corporation
2390:Cardiff Corporation
2185:North Staffordshire
1993:Southampton Company
1968:Reading Corporation
1777:Colne & Trawden
1767:Chester Corporation
1606:Hartlepool Electric
1457:Lincoln Corporation
1422:Alford & Sutton
1371:Ipswich Corporation
1036:, pp. 101–102.
951:, pp. 118–121.
939:, pp. 115–118.
899:, pp. 105–122.
436:Proposed extensions
406:The network in 1930
2867:Kitson and Company
2603:Edinburgh Northern
2578:Dundee Corporation
2230:Worcester Electric
2145:Burton & Ashby
2064:Gloucester Company
2049:Exeter Corporation
1737:Blackpool Electric
1661:Sunderland Company
1487:Northampton Street
1462:Leicester Tramways
686:, pp. 17, 19.
562:
516:in November 1938.
463:
408:
349:
262:St Petrocks Church
192:
171:Exeter Corporation
159:Tramways in Exeter
18:Exeter tram system
3032:History of Exeter
3014:
3013:
2917:William Wilkinson
2809:Snaefell Mountain
2794:Douglas Bay Horse
2683:Perth Corporation
2543:Aberdeen Suburban
2533:Aberdeen District
2450:Neath Corporation
2366:
2365:
2308:Leeds Corporation
2140:Burton-upon-Trent
2109:Weston-super-Mare
1978:Ryde Pier Tramway
1802:Liverpool Company
1712:Barrow-in-Furness
1611:Hartlepools Steam
1596:Darlington Street
1432:Derby Corporation
1277:978-0-9544343-1-1
1253:, pp. 97–99.
1160:, pp. 38–48.
1145:, pp. 37–38.
1133:, pp. 34–37.
1109:, pp. 88–89.
1065:, pp. 87–88.
1048:, pp. 87–90.
1012:, pp. 18–19.
878:, pp. 58–61.
846:, pp. 30–31.
822:, pp. 27–29.
810:, pp. 24–25.
746:, pp. 23–24.
731:, pp. 20–21.
596:output which was
398:Electric services
353:St Luke's College
217:Exeter St David's
198:was made in 1881
196:Act of Parliament
163:horse-drawn trams
156:
155:
16:(Redirected from
3049:
2852:English Electric
2718:Northern Ireland
2673:Paisley District
2593:Edinburgh Street
2563:Cruden Bay Hotel
2510:Wrexham District
2343:York Corporation
1847:South Lancashire
1707:Accrington Steam
1346:
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513:General Electric
474:
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169:but in 1904 the
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2618:Glasgow Company
2558:Carstairs House
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2455:Newport Company
2395:Cardiff Company
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2263:Dearne District
2245:
2239:
2125:Birmingham City
2113:
2007:
1973:Reading Company
1886:
1807:Lytham St Annes
1772:Chester Company
1690:
1579:
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1452:Lincoln Company
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118:Horse, electric
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1287:
1286:External links
1284:
1283:
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1276:
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1232:. 27 July 2011
1217:
1199:
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1175:Seaton Tramway
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963:, p. 124.
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548:Power supplies
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529:Seaton Tramway
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339:Horse services
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328:Seaton Tramway
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277:Board of Trade
236:From 1882 the
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1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1327:
1322:
1320:
1315:
1313:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1279:
1273:
1269:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1252:
1247:
1244:
1231:
1227:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1208:
1203:
1200:
1197:, p. 35.
1196:
1191:
1188:
1176:
1172:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1124:
1121:, p. 93.
1120:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1100:
1097:, p. 91.
1096:
1091:
1089:
1085:
1082:, p. 43.
1081:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1027:
1024:, p. 19.
1023:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1006:
1003:
1000:, p. 86.
999:
994:
991:
979:
975:
969:
966:
962:
957:
954:
950:
945:
942:
938:
933:
930:
914:
913:
905:
902:
898:
893:
890:
884:
881:
877:
872:
870:
866:
863:, p. 53.
862:
857:
855:
853:
849:
845:
840:
837:
834:, p. 30.
833:
828:
825:
821:
816:
813:
809:
804:
801:
789:
785:
779:
776:
773:, p. 37.
772:
767:
764:
761:, p. 27.
760:
755:
753:
749:
745:
740:
738:
734:
730:
725:
722:
716:
713:
707:
704:
701:, p. 20.
700:
695:
693:
689:
685:
680:
677:
665:
661:
655:
652:
646:
643:
637:
634:
631:, p. 17.
630:
625:
622:
616:
614:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
570:power station
567:
566:municipalised
559:
554:
547:
545:
542:
535:
533:
530:
522:
520:
517:
514:
510:
506:
502:
496:
493:
488:
486:
482:
478:
473:1,067 mm
470:
459:
452:
450:
448:
444:
435:
430:
427:
424:
420:
419:
418:
415:
413:
404:
397:
395:
392:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
369:
367:
363:
358:
354:
345:
338:
333:
331:
329:
325:
324:reverse lever
319:
315:
308:
306:
304:
299:
295:
291:
289:
285:
280:
278:
274:
270:
265:
263:
258:
253:
249:
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243:
239:
231:
229:
226:
220:
218:
212:
209:
205:
201:
197:
188:
181:
176:
174:
172:
168:
164:
160:
151:
149:
145:
140:
137:
136:overhead line
134:
131:
127:
125:
121:
117:
113:
108:1,067 mm
105:
100:
98:
94:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
50:
46:
40:
35:
30:
27:
19:
2862:Hurst Nelson
2348:York Company
2288:Huddersfield
1427:Chesterfield
1396:Peterborough
1267:
1251:Neville 2010
1246:
1236:27 September
1234:. Retrieved
1229:
1220:
1202:
1195:Neville 2010
1190:
1178:. Retrieved
1174:
1171:"Fleet list"
1165:
1158:Neville 2010
1143:Neville 2010
1138:
1131:Neville 2010
1126:
1119:Neville 2010
1114:
1107:Neville 2010
1102:
1095:Neville 2010
1080:Neville 2010
1063:Neville 2010
1046:Neville 2010
1041:
1034:Neville 2010
1029:
1022:Neville 2010
1017:
1010:Neville 2010
1005:
998:Neville 2010
993:
983:19 September
981:. Retrieved
977:
974:"fleet list"
968:
961:Neville 2010
956:
949:Neville 2010
944:
937:Neville 2010
932:
922:19 September
920:. Retrieved
918:(2 ed.)
911:
904:
897:Neville 2010
892:
883:
876:Neville 2010
861:Neville 2010
844:Neville 2010
839:
832:Neville 2010
827:
820:Neville 2010
815:
808:Neville 2010
803:
793:22 September
791:. Retrieved
787:
778:
771:Neville 2010
766:
759:Neville 2010
744:Neville 2010
729:Neville 2010
724:
715:
706:
699:Neville 2010
684:Neville 2010
679:
667:. Retrieved
663:
654:
645:
636:
629:Neville 2010
624:
563:
543:
539:
526:
523:Preservation
518:
497:
489:
480:
464:
439:
416:
409:
393:
370:
350:
320:
316:
312:
300:
296:
292:
281:
266:
254:
250:
235:
232:Electric era
221:
213:
199:
193:
170:
166:
158:
157:
148:Route length
70:6 April 1882
26:
2984:Trade fairs
2902:Milnes Voss
2786:Isle of Man
2771:Portstewart
2663:Musselburgh
2653:Lanarkshire
2588:Dunfermline
2465:Oystermouth
2410:Glyn Valley
2328:Scarborough
2024:Bournemouth
1837:Rawtenstall
1787:Heaton Park
1570:Walthamstow
574:Haven Banks
558:Butts Ferry
357:Livery Dole
303:World War I
288:tram handle
273:Livery Dole
97:Track gauge
3021:Categories
2643:Kilmarnock
2415:Great Orme
2405:Fairbourne
2246:the Humber
2039:Cheltenham
2012:South West
1963:Portsmouth
1891:South East
1877:Warrington
1812:Manchester
1717:Birkenhead
1702:Accrington
1695:North West
1584:North East
1361:Colchester
617:References
610:Exe Bridge
582:coal fired
505:horsepower
485:toast-rack
385:Broadclyst
373:Alphington
255:In 1903 a
142:Statistics
45:Exe Bridge
2928:companies
2648:Kirkcaldy
2568:Dumbarton
2338:Wakefield
2333:Sheffield
2318:Rotherham
2268:Doncaster
2235:Worcester
2190:Potteries
2044:Devonport
1983:Sheerness
1948:Maidstone
1862:Stockport
1857:St Helens
1852:Southport
1817:Morecambe
1792:Lancaster
1636:Newcastle
1601:Gateshead
1381:Lowestoft
1356:Cambridge
598:converted
536:Accidents
453:Tram cars
412:River Exe
284:Guildhall
208:directors
182:Horse era
52:Operation
2638:Inchture
2525:Scotland
2430:Llanelly
2380:Aberdare
2298:Keighley
2258:Bradford
2150:Coventry
1938:Hastings
1898:Brighton
1872:Wallasey
1842:Rochdale
1827:Old Swan
1762:Carlisle
1686:Tyneside
1575:West Ham
1540:East Ham
1528:Kingsway
1447:Ilkeston
1401:Southend
1210:Archived
377:Kennford
128:500-550
2668:Paisley
2613:Falkirk
2490:Rhondda
2420:Harlech
2283:Halifax
2278:Grimsby
2210:Walsall
2104:Torquay
2099:Taunton
2094:Swindon
2029:Bristol
1998:Wantage
1832:Preston
1752:Burnley
1523:Croydon
1518:Barking
1477:Matlock
1442:Glossop
1391:Norwich
1376:Ipswich
1341:England
1260:Sources
1180:27 July
492:trained
443:Whipton
423:saltire
389:Topsham
309:Closure
177:History
2999:Second
2703:Wemyss
2175:Kinver
2089:Seaton
1953:Oxford
1822:Nelson
1782:Darwen
1747:Bolton
1616:Jarrow
1555:Leyton
1550:Ilford
1533:London
1511:London
1274:
669:2 July
381:Pinhoe
334:Routes
204:Exeter
86:Closed
83:Status
61:Exeter
57:Locale
32:Exeter
3004:Third
2994:First
2658:Leith
2372:Wales
2084:Poole
1918:Dover
1908:Brill
1882:Wigan
1545:Erith
1386:Luton
916:(PDF)
509:Brush
499:from
366:depot
269:depot
75:Close
2293:Hull
1757:Bury
1349:East
1272:ISBN
1238:2012
1182:2021
985:2012
924:2012
795:2012
671:2016
578:load
383:and
375:and
257:Bill
67:Open
2553:Ayr
600:to
572:at
194:An
3023::
1228:.
1173:.
1150:^
1087:^
1070:^
1053:^
976:.
868:^
851:^
786:.
751:^
736:^
691:^
662:.
602:DC
594:AC
387:,
379:,
248:.
133:DC
1325:e
1318:t
1311:v
1280:.
1240:.
1184:.
987:.
926:.
797:.
673:.
560:.
471:(
130:V
110:)
106:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
