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condemnation of their being. Their being is not determined, so it is up to everyone to create their own existence, for which they are then responsible. They cannot not be free, there is a form of necessity for freedom, which can never be given up." Sartre closes his work by emphasizing that existentialism, as it is a philosophy of action and one's defining oneself, is optimistic and liberating. "Sartre offers a description of human beings as a project and as a commitment."
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as the emotion that people feel once they realize that they are responsible not just for themselves, but for all humanity. Anguish leads people to realize that their actions guide humanity and allows them to make judgments about others based on their attitude towards freedom. Nevertheless, "It is not
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described a statement in which Sartre maintained that man "will be what he makes of himself" as a "windily rhetorical paean to the dignity of universalistic man" and "more an exercise in political sloganeering than a sustainable philosophical position." He pointed to aging and disease as examples of
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that while Sartre's statement that "existence precedes essence" reverses the metaphysical statement that essence precedes existence, "The reversal of a metaphysical statement remains a metaphysical statement." In
Heidegger's view, Sartre "Stays with metaphysics in oblivion of the truth of Being.".
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as the loneliness that atheists feel when they realize that there is no God to prescribe a way of life, no guidance for people on how to live; that we're abandoned in the sense of being alone in the universe and the arbiters of our own essence. "There is a contingency of human existence. It is a
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as a
Catholic, and presenting a definition of existentialism that is open to question. Thomas C. Anderson criticized Sartre for asserting without explanation that if a person seeks freedom from false, external authorities, then he or she must invariably allow this freedom for others.
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commented that the lecture "has been widely mistaken for the definitive statement of existentialism," but is rather "a brilliant lecture which bears the stamp of the moment." According to
Kaufmann, Sartre makes factual errors, including misidentifying philosopher
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the will that gives value to the possibility. Valuation depends on me, that’s true, but not on my will. It depends on my project, that is to say, on how I perceive the world, how I experience it." Anguish is also associated with Sartre's notion of
280:'s words, "Seized the imagination of a generation." However, Sartre himself later rejected some of the views he expressed in the work, and regretted its publication. Other philosophers have critiqued the lecture on various grounds:
228:, which he defines as optimistic reliance on a set of possibilities that make action possible. Sartre claims that "In fashioning myself, I fashion Man.", saying that the individual's action will affect and shape mankind. The
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375:(1880): whereas Sartre believes that with total freedom comes total responsibility, for Father Zosima "each of us must make us responsible for all men's sins".
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uses despair to embrace freedom and take meaningful action in full acceptance of whatever consequences may arise as a result. He also describes
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was published in an
English translation by Philip Mairet in 1948. In the United States, the work was originally published as
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has been "a popular starting-point in discussions of existentialist thought," and in the philosopher
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Kingdom; the work was originally published in the United States as
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A guide to understand Jean Paul Sartre's
Existentialism is a Humanism, an article of Yoann Malinge
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Thus, Sartre rejects what he calls "deterministic excuses" and claims that people must take
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Elkaïm-Sartre, Arlette (2007). "Preface to the 1996 French
Edition". In Kulka, John (ed.).
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found one of Sartre's discussions with a
Marxist interesting, but otherwise considered
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found Sartre's discussion of "the problem of the relation between individuals" in
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Heidegger, Martin (2008). "Letter on
Humanism". In Krell, David Farrell (ed.).
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A History of
Philosophy Volume IV. Modern Philosophy: From Descartes to Leibniz
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Sartre asserts that the key defining concept of existentialism is that the
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Baldwin, Thomas (2005). "Sartre, Jean-Paul". In Honderich, Ted (ed.).
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as an anticipation of his own philosophical views. The neurobiologist
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Absolute Recoil: Towards a New Foundation of Dialectical Materialism
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A student’s guide to Jean-Paul Sartre’s Existentialism and Humanism
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Existentialists and Mystics: Writings on Philosophy and Literature
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Cohen-Solal, Annie (2007). "Introduction". In Kulka, John (ed.).
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were in attendance and also found the lecture disappointing.
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Being and Nothingness: An essay on phenomenological ontology
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to be weaker than the one he had previously offered in
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Full version of "Existentialism Is a Humanism" lecture
539:. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 94–5.
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Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari: Intersecting Lives
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1383:Witness to My Life & Quiet Moments in a War
329:believed Sartre was right to dismiss the work.
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325:to be "a rather bad little book."
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53:L'existentialisme est un humanisme
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293:that Sartre's work was "dreck."
261:, was published under the title
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33:Cover of the first edition
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1145:The Respectful Prostitute
1038:The Childhood of a Leader
926:The Literary Encyclopedia
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344:stated that Sartre, like
257:and notes and preface by
117:Published in English
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535:Dosse, François (2011).
1342:The Henri Martin Affair
1289:Notebooks for an Ethics
1193:The Condemned of Altona
920:Malinge, Yoann (2021).
635:Oxford University Press
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372:The Brothers Karamazov
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1447:Arlette Elkaïm-Sartre
1259:Being and Nothingness
935:– via Academia.
850:Yale University Press
821:Rose, Steven (1997).
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304:Being and Nothingness
259:Arlette Elkaïm-Sartre
1499:Existential humanism
1489:Existentialist books
1137:Morts sans sépulture
1045:The Roads to Freedom
781:New American Library
610:. Lawrence, Kansas:
145:70 (English edition)
90:Les Editions Nagel,
1314:Anti-Semite and Jew
1296:Truth and Existence
1275:Search for a Method
1092:Hurricane over Cuba
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363:Slavoj Žižek
339:
327:Mary Warnock
322:
319:Iris Murdoch
314:Karl Jaspers
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1414:Bad faith (
1351:" (1971–72)
1323:(1947–1976)
1161:Dirty Hands
1105:screenplays
1076:In the Mesh
896:Verso Books
729:. Chicago:
424:Sartre 2007
358:Steven Rose
234:abandonment
59:Translators
1473:Categories
1012:Novels and
894:. London:
871:. London:
825:. London:
802:. London:
754:. London:
633:. Oxford:
584:Žižek 2004
499:Grene 1959
379:References
1453:Situation
1375:The Words
1185:Nekrassov
1121:The Flies
1103:Plays and
873:Routledge
681:Doubleday
572:Rose 1997
369:'s novel
269:Reception
265:in 2007.
202:existence
135:Paperback
131:Hardcover
87:Publisher
1344:" (1953)
1337:" (1952)
1330:" (1948)
1316:" (1946)
1298:" (1989)
1291:" (1983)
1277:" (1957)
1246:" (1939)
1239:" (1936)
1232:" (1936)
1084:Intimacy
1030:The Wall
914:Articles
307:(1943).
69:Language
1402:Related
1129:No Exit
1113:Bariona
226:despair
221:anguish
206:essence
196:Summary
129:Print (
77:Subject
1394:(1984)
1386:(1983)
1378:(1964)
1370:(1959)
1270:(1946)
1262:(1943)
1254:(1940)
1212:(1984)
1204:(1965)
1196:(1959)
1188:(1955)
1180:(1953)
1172:(1951)
1164:(1948)
1156:(1947)
1148:(1946)
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1132:(1944)
1124:(1943)
1116:(1940)
1095:(1961)
1087:(1949)
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1063:(1945)
1055:(1945)
1025:(1938)
1022:Nausea
931:12 May
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170:French
111:France
72:French
39:Author
599:Books
142:Pages
1177:Kean
933:2021
900:ISBN
877:ISBN
854:ISBN
831:ISBN
808:ISBN
785:ISBN
760:ISBN
735:ISBN
708:ISBN
685:ISBN
662:ISBN
639:ISBN
616:ISBN
541:ISBN
348:and
333:and
208:or "
151:ISBN
133:and
121:1948
103:1946
212:".
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