Knowledge (XXG)

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy

Source 📝

47: 1267: 90: 125: 305:
Research suggests that ESWT can accelerate the blood flow, facilitating the healing of the inflamed Achilles tendon. In one study involving 23 patients with chronic Achilles tendinopathy, 20 reported improvement in their condition and pain scores after ESWT; three saw no change, and none reported any
163:
In the UK, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) found that the evidence for ESWT in the majority of indications is conflicting, and therefore ESWT should only be used where there are special arrangements for clinical governance and audit. Two 2017 reviews had similar findings,
246:
began a study of the effects of shock waves on tissue. In 1972, on the basis of preliminary studies performed by Dornier Medical Systems, an agreement was reached with Egbert Schmiedt, director of the urologic clinic at the University of Munich. The development of the Dornier lithotripter progressed
209:
in treated tissue. This mechanism is distinct from the high-intensity shock waves used in lithotripsy and medium-intensity shock waves used for anti-inflammatory purposes in orthopedics. Clinical studies, including double-blind randomized trials, have demonstrated LI-ESWT's ability to significantly
247:
through several prototypes, ultimately culminating in February 1980 with the first treatment of a human by shockwave lithotripsy (SWL). The production and distribution of the Dornier HM3 lithotripter began in late 1983, and SWL was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1984.
867:
Yin MC, Ye J, Yao M, Cui XJ, Xia Y, Shen QX, et al. (August 2014). "Is extracorporeal shock wave therapy clinical efficacy for relief of chronic, recalcitrant plantar fasciitis? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo or active-treatment controlled trials".
185:
ESWT is used for wound healing and has shown positive results in short-term and long-term outcomes in diabetic patients with foot ulcers. Randomised controlled trials into the use of ESWT for healing venous leg ulcers are needed as there is a lack of evidence in this area.
752:
Louwerens JK, Sierevelt IN, van Noort A, van den Bekerom MP (August 2014). "Evidence for minimally invasive therapies in the management of chronic calcific tendinopathy of the rotator cuff: a systematic review and meta-analysis".
1329:
Gündüz R, Malas FÜ, Borman P, Kocaoğlu S, Özçakar L (May 2012). "Physical therapy, corticosteroid injection, and extracorporeal shock wave treatment in lateral epicondylitis. Clinical and ultrasonographical comparison".
269:
in three small studies; there were short-term improvements in symptoms and few adverse effects, but the medium-term results are unknown, and the results are difficult to generalize due to the low quality of the studies.
628:"Effectiveness of conservative interventions including exercise, manual therapy and medical management in adults with shoulder impingement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs" 302:, and recovering normal muscle tone following various disorders. The use of ESWT was demonstrated in patients with frozen shoulders compared to therapeutic ultrasound with exercises. 250:
In the 1980s people using ESWT for kidney stones noticed that it appeared to increase bone density in nearby bones, leading them to explore it for orthopedic purposes.
266: 1206:"Gastroenterology and Urology Devices; Reclassification of the Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripter AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS ACTION: Proposed rule" 587:"The effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in common lower limb conditions: a systematic review including quantification of patient-rated pain reduction" 1422:
Fridman R, Cain JD, Weil L, Weil L (November–December 2008). "Extracorporeal shockwave therapy for the treatment of Achilles tendinopathies: a prospective study".
806:
Wiegerinck JI, Kerkhoffs GM, van Sterkenburg MN, Sierevelt IN, van Dijk CN (June 2013). "Treatment for insertional Achilles tendinopathy: a systematic review".
234:
for the procedure in order to help them remain still and reduce possible discomfort. Sedation is not required in its application for soft tissue injuries.
431:"Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) versus percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) or retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for kidney stones" 1079:
Bocchino, Alessia Celeste; Pezzoli, Marta; Martínez-Salamanca, Juan Ignacio; Russo, Giorgio Ivan; Lo Giudice, Arturo; Cocci, Andrea (March 2023).
478: 182:
ESWT is also used to promote bone healing and treat bone necrosis. It is an effective alternative to surgical treatment of non-healing fractures.
546:"Assessment of the Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) For Soft Tissue Injuries (ASSERT): An Online Database Protocol" 222:
The lithotripter attempts to break up the stone with minimal collateral damage by using an externally applied, focused, high-intensity
511: 46: 1375:"The effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy for frozen shoulder in patients with diabetes: randomized control trial" 57: 1230:
Chamberlain GA, Colborne GR (2016). "A review of the cellular and molecular effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy".
279: 1463: 262:, in 2012 a study called the Assessment of the Effectiveness of ESWT for Soft Tissue Injuries was launched (ASSERT). 31: 1266: 472: 243: 190: 141: 17: 298:
ESWT is used in physical therapy for pain reduction, increase in metabolism at the cellular level,
172: 89: 1355: 1282:"Non-pharmacological interventions for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome" 1255: 831: 411: 287: 206: 1081:"Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy for erectile dysfunction: Myths and realities" 1439: 1404: 1347: 1311: 1247: 1175: 1157: 1118: 1100: 1061: 1012: 971: 944: 885: 823: 770: 716: 657: 608: 567: 523: 492: 460: 403: 368: 315: 176: 67: 735:"Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for calcific tendonitis (tendinopathy) of the shoulder" 695:"Lateral epicondylitis: This is still a main indication for extracorporeal shockwave therapy" 1431: 1394: 1386: 1339: 1301: 1293: 1239: 1165: 1149: 1108: 1092: 1051: 1043: 1002: 934: 877: 815: 762: 706: 647: 639: 598: 557: 450: 442: 395: 358: 348: 109: 626:
Steuri R, Sattelmayer M, Elsig S, Kolly C, Tal A, Taeymans J, Hilfiker R (September 2017).
299: 194: 145: 129: 1137: 1080: 512:"Pancreatic stone and treatment using ERCP and ESWL procedures: a case study and review" 455: 430: 1399: 1374: 1306: 1281: 1170: 1113: 1056: 1032:"Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for the healing and management of venous leg ulcers" 1031: 652: 627: 562: 545: 363: 336: 157: 124: 30:"shock wave therapy" redirects here. For the use of electrical shocks in therapy, see 1457: 1205: 399: 283: 1359: 1259: 904:"Extracorporeal shockwave therapy for refractory greater trochanteric pain syndrome" 415: 1297: 1047: 835: 446: 211: 202: 168: 1192: 643: 603: 586: 429:
Setthawong V, Srisubat A, Potisat S, Lojanapiwat B, Pattanittum P (August 2023).
189:
Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy has been used as a treatment for
198: 149: 137: 113: 105: 1280:
Franco JV, Turk T, Jung JH, Xiao YT, Iakhno S, Garrote V, Vietto V (May 2018).
1007: 990: 939: 922: 881: 711: 694: 1343: 910:. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. January 2011. IPG376. 819: 766: 741:. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. November 2003. IPG21. 231: 1161: 1153: 1104: 856:. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. August 2009. IPG311. 795:. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. August 2009. IPG312. 682:. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. August 2009. IPG313. 1243: 386:
Chung, Bryan; Wiley, J. Preston (2002). "Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy".
223: 197:
options by aiming to restore natural erectile function by inducing cellular
1443: 1408: 1351: 1315: 1251: 1179: 1122: 1065: 1016: 975: 948: 889: 827: 774: 720: 661: 612: 571: 527: 464: 407: 372: 353: 167:
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy is used as a second line measure to treat
1136:
Gruenwald, Ilan; Appel, Boaz; Kitrey, Noam D.; Vardi, Yoram (April 2013).
903: 849: 788: 675: 1096: 734: 227: 1390: 104:) is a treatment using powerful acoustic pulses which is mostly used to 79: 789:"Extracorporeal shockwave therapy for refractory Achilles tendinopathy" 136:
The most common use of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is for
265:
As of 2018 use of ESWT had been studied as a potential treatment for
1435: 989:
Wang CJ, Cheng JH, Kuo YR, Schaden W, Mittermayr R (December 2015).
850:"Extracorporeal shockwave therapy for refractory plantar fasciitis" 585:
Korakakis V, Whiteley R, Tzavara A, Malliaropoulos N (March 2018).
964:
Zhongguo Gu Shang = China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
153: 123: 88: 259: 242:
Beginning in 1969 and funded by the German Ministry of Defense,
337:"Extracorporeal shockwave therapy in musculoskeletal disorders" 676:"Extracorporeal shockwave therapy for refractory tennis elbow" 156:) using an acoustic pulse. It is also reported to be used for 962:
Kong FR, Liang YJ, Qin SG, Li JJ, Li XL (January 2010). "".
991:"Extracorporeal shockwave therapy in diabetic foot ulcers" 1232:
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
1373:
Muthukrishnan R, Rashid AA, Al-Alkharji F (July 2019).
290:, and arthritis. The evidence for these uses is weak. 1424:
Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association
1225: 1223: 1195:
National Kidney Foundation, Accessed February 6, 2017
544:
Maffulli G, Hemmings S, Maffulli N (September 2014).
1208:. Federal Register (US Government). February 8, 1999 693:Thiele S, Thiele R, Gerdesmeyer L (December 2015). 66: 56: 39: 870:Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 267:chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome 808:Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 27:Ultrasonic, non-invasive, outpatient treatment 1138:"Shockwave treatment of erectile dysfunction" 8: 1286:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1036:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 923:"Biological mechanism of shockwave in bone" 435:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 341:Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 282:, including tendon and ligament injuries, 179:, and greater trochanteric pain syndrome. 45: 1398: 1305: 1169: 1112: 1055: 1006: 938: 710: 651: 602: 561: 454: 362: 352: 132:stone that was smashed using lithotripsy 539: 537: 327: 128:Some of the passed fragments of a 1-cm 470: 280:treating orthopedic problems in horses 164:with moderate level evidence at best. 36: 755:Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 210:improve erectile function and penile 7: 510:Hayes JM, Ding SL (September 2012). 499:. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 18:Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy 1379:Journal of Physical Therapy Science 921:Cheng JH, Wang CJ (December 2015). 477:: CS1 maint: PMC embargo expired ( 75: 1085:Investigative and Clinical Urology 908:Interventional procedures guidance 854:Interventional procedures guidance 793:Interventional procedures guidance 739:Interventional procedures guidance 680:Interventional procedures guidance 632:British Journal of Sports Medicine 591:British Journal of Sports Medicine 258:In response to concerns raised by 51:ESWT device (EMS Swiss DolorClast) 25: 1265: 1030:Cooper B, Bachoo P (June 2018). 995:International Journal of Surgery 927:International Journal of Surgery 699:International Journal of Surgery 497:MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia 400:10.2165/00007256-200232130-00004 98:Extracorporeal shockwave therapy 40:Extracorporeal shockwave therapy 1142:Therapeutic Advances in Urology 516:The New Zealand Medical Journal 1298:10.1002/14651858.CD012551.pub3 1048:10.1002/14651858.CD011842.pub2 550:Translational Medicine @ UniSa 447:10.1002/14651858.CD007044.pub4 226:pulse. The patient is usually 171:, shoulder rotator cuff pain, 1: 214:in men with vasculogenic ED. 644:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096515 604:10.1136/bjsports-2016-097347 201:, triggering the release of 1480: 1008:10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.06.024 940:10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.06.059 882:10.1016/j.apmr.2014.01.033 712:10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.09.034 278:ESWT is commonly used for 29: 1344:10.1007/s10067-012-1939-y 820:10.1007/s00167-012-2219-8 767:10.1016/j.jse.2014.02.002 144:(urinary calculosis) and 76: 44: 32:Electroconvulsive therapy 1154:10.1177/1756287212470696 335:Wang, Ching-Jen (2012). 1244:10.3415/VCOT-15-04-0057 160:and pancreatic stones. 493:"Salivary duct stones" 354:10.1186/1749-799X-7-11 205:factors and promoting 133: 94: 1332:Clinical Rheumatology 127: 92: 1097:10.4111/icu.20220327 191:erectile dysfunction 1391:10.1589/jpts.31.493 173:Achilles tendinitis 106:treat kidney stones 1464:Medical treatments 288:navicular syndrome 207:neovascularization 193:. It differs from 134: 95: 1001:(Pt B): 207–209. 933:(Pt B): 143–146. 705:(Pt B): 165–170. 638:(18): 1340–1347. 316:Laser lithotripsy 300:revascularisation 294:Physiotherapy use 177:plantar fasciitis 87: 86: 16:(Redirected from 1471: 1448: 1447: 1419: 1413: 1412: 1402: 1370: 1364: 1363: 1326: 1320: 1319: 1309: 1277: 1271: 1270: 1269: 1263: 1227: 1218: 1217: 1215: 1213: 1202: 1196: 1190: 1184: 1183: 1173: 1133: 1127: 1126: 1116: 1076: 1070: 1069: 1059: 1027: 1021: 1020: 1010: 986: 980: 979: 959: 953: 952: 942: 918: 912: 911: 900: 894: 893: 876:(8): 1585–1593. 864: 858: 857: 846: 840: 839: 814:(6): 1345–1355. 803: 797: 796: 785: 779: 778: 761:(8): 1240–1249. 749: 743: 742: 731: 725: 724: 714: 690: 684: 683: 672: 666: 665: 655: 623: 617: 616: 606: 582: 576: 575: 565: 541: 532: 531: 507: 501: 500: 489: 483: 482: 476: 468: 458: 426: 420: 419: 383: 377: 376: 366: 356: 332: 110:physical therapy 80:edit on Wikidata 49: 37: 21: 1479: 1478: 1474: 1473: 1472: 1470: 1469: 1468: 1454: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1436:10.7547/0980466 1421: 1420: 1416: 1372: 1371: 1367: 1328: 1327: 1323: 1292:(5): CD012551. 1279: 1278: 1274: 1264: 1229: 1228: 1221: 1211: 1209: 1204: 1203: 1199: 1191: 1187: 1135: 1134: 1130: 1078: 1077: 1073: 1042:(6): CD011842. 1029: 1028: 1024: 988: 987: 983: 961: 960: 956: 920: 919: 915: 902: 901: 897: 866: 865: 861: 848: 847: 843: 805: 804: 800: 787: 786: 782: 751: 750: 746: 733: 732: 728: 692: 691: 687: 674: 673: 669: 625: 624: 620: 584: 583: 579: 543: 542: 535: 522:(1361): 89–97. 509: 508: 504: 491: 490: 486: 469: 441:(8): CD007044. 428: 427: 423: 394:(13): 851–865. 388:Sports Medicine 385: 384: 380: 334: 333: 329: 324: 312: 296: 276: 256: 240: 220: 158:salivary stones 148:(stones in the 146:biliary calculi 130:calcium oxalate 122: 83: 52: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 1477: 1475: 1467: 1466: 1456: 1455: 1450: 1449: 1430:(6): 466–468. 1414: 1385:(7): 493–497. 1365: 1338:(5): 807–812. 1321: 1272: 1219: 1197: 1185: 1128: 1091:(2): 118–125. 1071: 1022: 981: 966:(in Chinese). 954: 913: 895: 859: 841: 798: 780: 744: 726: 685: 667: 618: 597:(6): 387–407. 577: 533: 502: 484: 421: 378: 326: 325: 323: 320: 319: 318: 311: 308: 295: 292: 275: 274:Veterinary use 272: 255: 252: 239: 236: 219: 216: 121: 118: 85: 84: 77: 74: 73: 70: 64: 63: 60: 54: 53: 50: 42: 41: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1476: 1465: 1462: 1461: 1459: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1418: 1415: 1410: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1369: 1366: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1325: 1322: 1317: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1276: 1273: 1268: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1238:(2): 99–107. 1237: 1233: 1226: 1224: 1220: 1207: 1201: 1198: 1194: 1193:"Lithotrypsy" 1189: 1186: 1181: 1177: 1172: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1132: 1129: 1124: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1075: 1072: 1067: 1063: 1058: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1026: 1023: 1018: 1014: 1009: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 985: 982: 977: 973: 969: 965: 958: 955: 950: 946: 941: 936: 932: 928: 924: 917: 914: 909: 905: 899: 896: 891: 887: 883: 879: 875: 871: 863: 860: 855: 851: 845: 842: 837: 833: 829: 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 802: 799: 794: 790: 784: 781: 776: 772: 768: 764: 760: 756: 748: 745: 740: 736: 730: 727: 722: 718: 713: 708: 704: 700: 696: 689: 686: 681: 677: 671: 668: 663: 659: 654: 649: 645: 641: 637: 633: 629: 622: 619: 614: 610: 605: 600: 596: 592: 588: 581: 578: 573: 569: 564: 559: 555: 551: 547: 540: 538: 534: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 506: 503: 498: 494: 488: 485: 480: 474: 466: 462: 457: 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 425: 422: 417: 413: 409: 405: 401: 397: 393: 389: 382: 379: 374: 370: 365: 360: 355: 350: 346: 342: 338: 331: 328: 321: 317: 314: 313: 309: 307: 303: 301: 293: 291: 289: 285: 284:kissing spine 281: 273: 271: 268: 263: 261: 253: 251: 248: 245: 237: 235: 233: 229: 225: 217: 215: 213: 208: 204: 200: 196: 192: 187: 183: 180: 178: 174: 170: 165: 161: 159: 155: 151: 147: 143: 142:kidney stones 139: 131: 126: 119: 117: 115: 111: 107: 103: 99: 91: 81: 71: 69: 65: 61: 59: 55: 48: 43: 38: 33: 19: 1427: 1423: 1417: 1382: 1378: 1368: 1335: 1331: 1324: 1289: 1285: 1275: 1235: 1231: 1210:. Retrieved 1200: 1188: 1148:(2): 95–99. 1145: 1141: 1131: 1088: 1084: 1074: 1039: 1035: 1025: 998: 994: 984: 970:(1): 12–15. 967: 963: 957: 930: 926: 916: 907: 898: 873: 869: 862: 853: 844: 811: 807: 801: 792: 783: 758: 754: 747: 738: 729: 702: 698: 688: 679: 670: 635: 631: 621: 594: 590: 580: 553: 549: 519: 515: 505: 496: 487: 473:cite journal 438: 434: 424: 391: 387: 381: 344: 340: 330: 304: 297: 277: 264: 257: 249: 241: 232:anesthetized 221: 212:hemodynamics 188: 184: 181: 169:tennis elbow 166: 162: 135: 120:Medical uses 101: 97: 96: 1212:February 6, 306:worsening. 199:microtrauma 150:gallbladder 138:lithotripsy 114:orthopedics 93:ESWT device 322:References 203:angiogenic 195:palliative 152:or in the 58:ICD-10-PCS 1162:1756-2872 1105:2466-0493 556:: 46–51. 347:(1): 11. 218:Procedure 140:to treat 1458:Category 1444:19017855 1409:31417208 1360:13109216 1352:22278162 1316:29757454 1260:19280257 1252:26846274 1180:23554844 1123:36882170 1066:29889978 1017:26079500 976:20191955 949:26118613 890:24662810 828:23052113 775:24774621 721:26455532 662:28630217 613:28954794 572:25147767 528:22960720 465:37526261 456:10392035 416:30387795 408:12392445 373:22433113 310:See also 254:Research 224:acoustic 68:ICD-9-CM 1400:6642889 1307:6494451 1171:3607492 1114:9995960 1057:6513251 836:2214735 653:5574390 563:4140430 364:3342893 244:Dornier 238:History 228:sedated 108:and in 1442:  1407:  1397:  1358:  1350:  1314:  1304:  1258:  1250:  1178:  1168:  1160:  1121:  1111:  1103:  1064:  1054:  1015:  974:  947:  888:  834:  826:  773:  719:  660:  650:  611:  570:  560:  526:  463:  453:  414:  406:  371:  361:  1356:S2CID 1256:S2CID 832:S2CID 412:S2CID 154:liver 78:[ 1440:PMID 1405:PMID 1348:PMID 1312:PMID 1290:2018 1248:PMID 1214:2017 1176:PMID 1158:ISSN 1119:PMID 1101:ISSN 1062:PMID 1040:2018 1013:PMID 972:PMID 945:PMID 886:PMID 824:PMID 771:PMID 717:PMID 658:PMID 609:PMID 568:PMID 524:PMID 479:link 461:PMID 439:2023 404:PMID 369:PMID 260:NICE 112:and 102:ESWT 72:98.5 62:6A93 1432:doi 1395:PMC 1387:doi 1340:doi 1302:PMC 1294:doi 1240:doi 1166:PMC 1150:doi 1109:PMC 1093:doi 1052:PMC 1044:doi 1003:doi 935:doi 878:doi 816:doi 763:doi 707:doi 648:PMC 640:doi 599:doi 558:PMC 520:125 451:PMC 443:doi 396:doi 359:PMC 349:doi 230:or 1460:: 1438:. 1428:98 1426:. 1403:. 1393:. 1383:31 1381:. 1377:. 1354:. 1346:. 1336:31 1334:. 1310:. 1300:. 1288:. 1284:. 1254:. 1246:. 1236:29 1234:. 1222:^ 1174:. 1164:. 1156:. 1144:. 1140:. 1117:. 1107:. 1099:. 1089:64 1087:. 1083:. 1060:. 1050:. 1038:. 1034:. 1011:. 999:24 997:. 993:. 968:23 943:. 931:24 929:. 925:. 906:. 884:. 874:95 872:. 852:. 830:. 822:. 812:21 810:. 791:. 769:. 759:23 757:. 737:. 715:. 703:24 701:. 697:. 678:. 656:. 646:. 636:51 634:. 630:. 607:. 595:52 593:. 589:. 566:. 554:10 552:. 548:. 536:^ 518:. 514:. 495:. 475:}} 471:{{ 459:. 449:. 437:. 433:. 410:. 402:. 392:32 390:. 367:. 357:. 343:. 339:. 286:, 175:, 116:. 1446:. 1434:: 1411:. 1389:: 1362:. 1342:: 1318:. 1296:: 1262:. 1242:: 1216:. 1182:. 1152:: 1146:5 1125:. 1095:: 1068:. 1046:: 1019:. 1005:: 978:. 951:. 937:: 892:. 880:: 838:. 818:: 777:. 765:: 723:. 709:: 664:. 642:: 615:. 601:: 574:. 530:. 481:) 467:. 445:: 418:. 398:: 375:. 351:: 345:7 100:( 82:] 34:. 20:)

Index

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy
Electroconvulsive therapy

ICD-10-PCS
ICD-9-CM
edit on Wikidata

treat kidney stones
physical therapy
orthopedics

calcium oxalate
lithotripsy
kidney stones
biliary calculi
gallbladder
liver
salivary stones
tennis elbow
Achilles tendinitis
plantar fasciitis
erectile dysfunction
palliative
microtrauma
angiogenic
neovascularization
hemodynamics
acoustic
sedated
anesthetized

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.