44:
856:
522:
668:
271:
119:
74:
367:
96:
903:
718:. Low branches near the ground burn and provide a ladder that allows fire to engulf the whole tree. Grasses recover quickly from low severity fires that are characteristic of prairies that kept the trees at bay. With the urbanization of prairies, the fires have been stopped with roads, plowed fields, and other fire breaks, allowing
1031:
Eastern red cedar is considered effective as a shelter-belt tree and for erosion control. Being coniferous, red cedar has dense evergreen foliage which makes it an ideal windbreak. The tree's extensive root system allows it to survive drought, and helps to retain surrounding topsoil during dry, windy
822:
are fond of juniper berries. It takes about 12 minutes for their seeds to pass through the birds' guts, and seeds that have been consumed by this bird have levels of germination roughly three times higher than those of seeds the birds did not eat. Many other birds such as turkeys and bluebirds, along
738:
in 2005 and 2006. On the Great Plains, expanding red cedar populations are altering the plains ecosystem: a majority of the region's bird species are not present in areas where the tree's land cover exceeds 10 percent, and most small mammal species are not present where land cover exceeds 30 percent.
994:
drought of the 1930s, the
Prairie States Forest Project encouraged farmers to plant shelterbelts, i.e. wind breaks, of eastern juniper throughout the Great Plains of the US. The trees thrive in adverse conditions. Tolerant of both drought and cold, they grow well in rocky, sandy, and clayey soils.
387:
tree with a conical or subcylindrical shaped crown that may never become more than a bush on poor soil, but is ordinarily from 5β20 metres (16β66 feet) tall, with a short trunk 30β100 centimetres (12β39 inches) in diameter, rarely to 27 m (89 ft) in height and 170 cm (67 in) in
702:
Eastern Red Cedar grows in a wide range of climatic and soil conditions. The tree is extremely tolerant of drought due to its extensive, fibrous root system and reduced leaf area. It can be found from droughty, rocky soils with few nutrients to rich alluvial soils with abundant moisture. However,
1939:
Samoylenko, Volodymyr; Dunbar, D. Chuck; Gafur, Md. Abdul; Khan, Shabana I.; Ross, Samir A.; Mossa, Jaber S.; El-Feraly, Farouk S.; Tekwani, Babu L.; Bosselaers, Jan; Muhammad, Ilias (December 2008). "Antiparasitic, nematicidal and antifouling constituents from
Juniperus berries".
1006:, including 'Canaertii' (narrow conical; female) 'Corcorcor' (with a dense, erect crown; female), 'Goldspire' (narrow conical with yellow foliage), and 'Kobold' (dwarf). Some cultivars previously listed under this species, notably 'Skyrocket', are actually cultivars of
815:
having a far higher NUE during photosynthesis (PNUE). The forests store much greater amounts of carbon in both biomass and soil, with most of the additional carbon stored aboveground. There is no significant difference in soil microbial activity.
784:
include outcompeting forage species in pastureland. The low branches and wide base occupy a significant portion of land area. The thick foliage blocks out most light, so few plants can live under the canopy. The needles that fall raise the
1028:. There are numerous properties that it possesses that make it uniquely suitable for this, such as good moisture absorption, low expansion when wet (so it does not crack the recorder head), and mild antiseptic properties.
440: in) long; they are arranged in opposite decussate pairs or occasionally whorls of three. The juvenile leaves are found on young plants up to 3 years old, and as scattered shoots on adult trees, usually in shade. The
826:
Virginia
Juniper's compact, evergreen foliage makes it favorable for bird nests and as a winter shelter location for birds and mammals. Some species of small mammals live exclusively in red cedar forests.
2010:
Cushman, Kent E.; Maqbool, Muhammad; Gerard, Patrick D.; Bedir, Ebru; Lata, Hemant; Moraes, Rita M. (May 2003). "Variation of
Podophyllotoxin in Leaves of Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana)".
995:
Competition between individual trees is minimal, and therefore they can be closely planted in rows, in which situation they still grow to full height, creating a solid windbreak in a short time.
679:, meaning that it is one of the first trees to repopulate disturbed sites. It is unusually long lived among pioneer species, with the potential to live over 900 years. It is commonly found in
1694:
Bekele, Asfaw; Hudnall, Wayne. H. (1 April 2005). "Response of soil Ξ΄15N and nutrients to eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) encroachment into a relict calcareous prairie".
658: in); scale leaves are blunt at apex and the bark is orange-brown. It is treated by some authors at the lower rank of variety, while others treat it as a distinct species.
43:
1651:
McKinley, Duncan C.; Blair, John M. (1 April 2008). "Woody Plant
Encroachment by Juniperus virginiana in a Mesic Native Grassland Promotes Rapid Carbon and Nitrogen Accrual".
917:
Part of the commercially available cedar oil is produced by steam distillation from wood shavings. It contains a wide variety of terpenes. The three major components, alpha-
847:. The nominate variety is native to Eastern North America, north of Mexico, with the pollen releasing at various points in the spring, variable by latitude and elevation.
4841:
891:
can be made from it. It is marketed as "eastern redcedar" and "aromatic cedar." The best portions of the heartwood are one of the few woods that are suitable for making
987:
Among many Native
American cultures, the smoke of burning eastern juniper is believed to expel evil spirits prior to conducting a ceremony, such as a healing ceremony.
4851:
4846:
1737:
Norris, Mark D.; Blair, John M.; Johnson, Loretta C. (October 2007). "Altered
Ecosystem Nitrogen Dynamics as a Consequence of Land Cover Change in Tallgrass Prairie".
2182:
4535:
1983:
Gawde, Archana J.; Cantrell, Charles L.; Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. (September 2009). "Dual extraction of essential oil and podophyllotoxin from
Juniperus virginiana".
4747:
4623:
468:-like, dark purple-blue with a white wax cover giving an overall sky-blue color (though the wax often rubs off); they contain one to three (rarely up to four)
4821:
1376:
984:, which is thought to have been constructed circa 1000 AD, had 48 posts in the circle of 410 feet (120 m) in diameter and a 49th pole in the center.
703:
Eastern Red Cedar is almost never dominant on such rich mesic sites due to intense competition with faster growing, more shade tolerant hardwood trees.
340:
native to eastern North
America from southeastern Canada to the Gulf of Mexico and east of the Great Plains. Farther west it is replaced by the related
4473:
1211:
855:
1487:
4548:
4486:
2169:
1459:
875:
avoid the aromatic wood, and therefore it is in demand as lining for clothes chests and closets, which are often denominated "cedar closets" and "
1896:
Zhang, Kai; Yao, Lei (May 2018). "The anxiolytic effect of
Juniperus virginiana L. essential oil and determination of its active constituents".
1781:
Reddin, C. J., & Krementz, D. G. (2016). Small Mammal Communities in Eastern Redcedar Forest. American Midland Naturalist, 175(1), 113β119.
4708:
2213:
1168:
1837:
1334:
4881:
1794:
957:
Native American tribes have historically used poles of juniper wood to demarcate agreed tribal hunting territories. French traders named
4826:
4891:
4424:
4876:
2125:
2080:
1313:
1258:
118:
4522:
1384:
103:
4886:
4589:
1853:
Adams, Robert P. (January 1987). "Investigation of Juniperus species of the United States for new Sources of Cedarwood Oil".
4687:
2072:
730:. The trees also burn very readily, and dense populations were blamed for the rapid spread of wildfires in drought stricken
4553:
4610:
2176:
1025:
929:, constitute more than 60% of the essential oil. The fruits also yield an essential oil which contains mostly D-Limonene.
793:, which holds nutrients such as phosphorus, making it harder for plants to absorb them. However, studies have found that
4102:
3182:
2715:
2583:
2165:
1542:
1389:
797:
forests that replace grasslands have a statistically insignificant decrease to a significant increase in levels of soil
1424:
4734:
3272:
1130:
1202:
4856:
4721:
4065:
2206:
1250:
521:
4628:
961:, which denotes "red stick," from the reddish color of these poles. Some nations continue to use it ceremonially.
4861:
4836:
4584:
3252:
3232:
3212:
3202:
3192:
3112:
2946:
2906:
2829:
2820:
2328:
2143:
1518:
1126:
1563:
1393:
4866:
4356:
4188:
4150:
3262:
3172:
3142:
3122:
2916:
2646:
2308:
2151:
1750:
1468:
4726:
2989:
1612:
4871:
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3152:
2792:
2735:
2725:
2692:
2454:
2318:
2261:
2251:
1116:
806:
667:
4465:
4452:
3626:
270:
4447:
4318:
4248:
3956:
3933:
3845:
3815:
3775:
3715:
3546:
3476:
3242:
3222:
3089:
3059:
2956:
2936:
2394:
2351:
958:
218:
3825:
3745:
3705:
3675:
3645:
3586:
3388:
3162:
3132:
3069:
3019:
2999:
2872:
2782:
2603:
2560:
2199:
973:
245:
4491:
3885:
1473:
688:
614:) is known as southern or sand juniper / redcedar. Its variety name means "flint-dweller", from Latin
4638:
4398:
4225:
4126:
3911:
3903:
3855:
3795:
3685:
3536:
3456:
3398:
3328:
3029:
2926:
2882:
2862:
2852:
2745:
2623:
2593:
2484:
2424:
2414:
2404:
2271:
1862:
1703:
1660:
896:
342:
4439:
4672:
4292:
4042:
4019:
3865:
3835:
3805:
3785:
3665:
3606:
3576:
3506:
3496:
3446:
3408:
3378:
3009:
2979:
2669:
2514:
2434:
2384:
1046:
63:
4677:
4602:
1090:
4831:
4793:
4282:
4272:
3989:
3765:
3755:
3735:
3725:
3616:
3596:
3368:
3358:
3348:
3295:
3079:
3049:
3039:
2613:
2474:
2444:
2046:
1965:
1921:
1878:
1764:
1719:
1676:
811:
766:
750:
727:
598:
354:
113:
4785:
4713:
1172:
4540:
1325:
Dignard, Norman; Petitclerc, Pierre; Bastien, Denis; Turcotte, Audrey; Morneau, Claude (2023).
4659:
4385:
3695:
3556:
3526:
3466:
2764:
2504:
2464:
2374:
2121:
2076:
2027:
1957:
1913:
1833:
1798:
1620:
1571:
1350:
1330:
1309:
1254:
1138:
965:
980:
erected were constructed of massive logs of eastern juniper. One iteration of such a circle,
4009:
3979:
3566:
3516:
3486:
3418:
3338:
2233:
2161:
2019:
1992:
1949:
1905:
1870:
1825:
1754:
1746:
1711:
1668:
1585:
1085:
888:
707:
687:
hills, often along highways and near recent construction sites. It is an alternate host for
279:
4664:
4566:
4514:
4646:
4117:
3655:
2637:
2537:
2186:
1151:
941:
880:
711:
676:
348:
4700:
4367:
1866:
1707:
1664:
626:. Habitat is along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts from the extreme southeastern corner of
4695:
4141:
3103:
2683:
2494:
1018:
762:
743:
692:
514: in) broad, shedding pollen in late winter or early spring. The trees are usually
465:
143:
1278:
4815:
4752:
4561:
4239:
4170:
4056:
3999:
2897:
2811:
2706:
2299:
2290:
1125:. Vol. 2. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org,
1076:
969:
868:
819:
473:
393:
389:
261:
83:
78:
1969:
1882:
1768:
1723:
1680:
1120:
1067:
4798:
4390:
4207:
4084:
2773:
2342:
2223:
1925:
1003:
823:
with many mammals such as rabbits, foxes, raccoons, and coyotes also consume them.
553:
441:
196:
1996:
1909:
1377:
Virginia's Timber Industry β An Assessment of Timber Product Output and Use, 2007
863:
The fragrant, finely grained, soft, brittle, very light, pinkish to brownish red
544:
is called eastern juniper / redcedar. It is found in eastern North America, from
400:
are of two types; sharp, spreading needle-like juvenile leaves 5β10 millimetres (
4775:
4739:
4615:
4597:
4576:
4499:
4350:
4216:
4093:
3947:
3924:
2660:
1829:
1782:
876:
773:
concentrations of the environment, although they are less efficient at fixing CO
366:
186:
17:
2843:
2574:
2242:
2191:
1715:
1672:
1041:
922:
530:
156:
4429:
4341:
1759:
1624:
4411:
4033:
3309:
2970:
2365:
991:
723:
684:
622:
616:
515:
384:
2031:
1961:
1917:
420: in) long, and tightly adpressed scale-like adult leaves 2β4 mm (
4765:
4651:
4760:
4335:
4263:
4179:
3286:
2551:
2023:
999:
977:
945:
937:
895:, however the supply had so diminished by the 1940s that the wood of the
867:
is very durable, even in contact with soil. Because of its resistance to
844:
798:
731:
715:
627:
518:, with pollen and seed cones on separate trees, yet some are monoecious.
55:
4377:
2096:
902:
4478:
2528:
1874:
933:
918:
884:
786:
758:
680:
631:
557:
549:
381:
337:
206:
176:
166:
4504:
1953:
1014:
951:
926:
892:
790:
481:
397:
4312:
1824:. Modern Methods of Plant Analysis. Vol. 12. pp. 159β173.
1329:(in French) (3rd ed.). Les publications du QuΓ©bec. p. 38.
749:
levels, unlike the grasses with which it competes. Many grasses are
726:
if left unchecked, and are actively being eliminated by cutting and
695:
of apples, and some management strategies recommend the removal of
4527:
4416:
3970:
1215:
948:
932:
The oil derived from foliage and twigs has two main constituents:
901:
854:
735:
666:
635:
561:
545:
520:
365:
130:
1820:
Adams, R. P. (1991). "Cedar Wood Oil β Analyses and Properties".
4403:
911:
907:
872:
864:
584: in); scale leaves are acute at apex and bark is red-brown.
477:
469:
4316:
2195:
396:
is reddish-brown, fibrous, and peels off in narrow strips. The
1589:
1613:"Opinion | A 'Green Glacier' Is Dismantling the Great Plains"
757:
levels in their bundle sheaths to increase the efficiency of
906:
A log sawn in two and turned on a lathe, exposing the pale
1751:
10.1674/0003-0031(2007)158[432:AENDAA]2.0.CO;2
560:
and southwest into the post oak savannah of east-central
1024:
This is the most widely used wood for making blocks for
710:, and it can be aggressive even within its range. It is
1119:. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.).
1183:. Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team
472:, and are mature in 6β8 months from pollination. The
2150:. In Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H. (eds.).
722:
and other trees to invade. Trees are destructive to
4325:
4262:
4238:
4215:
4205:
4178:
4168:
4140:
4116:
4092:
4082:
4055:
4032:
3969:
3946:
3923:
3902:
3431:
3317:
3308:
3285:
3102:
2969:
2896:
2842:
2819:
2809:
2772:
2762:
2705:
2682:
2659:
2636:
2573:
2550:
2527:
2364:
2341:
2298:
2288:
2241:
2231:
1117:
200005450 "Juniperus virginiana, Sabina virginiana"
1375:Cooper, Jason A.; Becker, Charles W. (July 2009).
769:that rely on (and may benefit from) the natural CO
1439:(43). Center for Northern Woodlands Education: 37
346:(Rocky Mountain juniper) and to the southwest by
706:Outside of its native range it is considered an
352:(Ashe juniper). It is not to be confused with
2207:
2172:(USDA) – via Southern Research Station.
1783:https://doi.org/10.1674/amid-175-01-113-119.1
1425:"Species in the Spotlight: Eastern Redcedar,
1091:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42257A2967510.en
8:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1122:Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA)
809:(NUE), despite the common grassland species
714:, and was previously controlled by periodic
671:Characteristic shape in old field succession
1646:
1644:
1642:
1640:
4313:
4212:
4175:
4089:
3314:
2816:
2769:
2295:
2238:
2214:
2200:
2192:
1564:"Oklahoma Must Address Cedar Encroachment"
871:, the wood is often used for fence posts.
269:
94:
72:
42:
31:
1758:
1247:Monograph of Cupressaceae and Sciadopitys
1089:
480:, which disperse the wingless seeds. The
388:diameter. The oldest tree reported, from
336:, and other local names, is a species of
4842:Flora of the North-Central United States
1241:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1212:Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland
1163:
1161:
1017:, eastern juniper is commonly used as a
1013:In the Arkansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma
742:Eastern juniper benefits from increased
4852:Flora of the Southeastern United States
4847:Flora of the Northeastern United States
2647:
2170:United States Department of Agriculture
2069:Encyclopedia of Native American Healing
1795:"Eastern Red-Cedar Species Description"
1300:
1298:
1296:
1058:
525:Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana)
4151:
3273:
3263:
3253:
3243:
3233:
3223:
3213:
3203:
3193:
3183:
3173:
3163:
3153:
3143:
3133:
3123:
3113:
2693:
1147:
1136:
4249:
4066:
2957:
2947:
2937:
2927:
2917:
2907:
2746:
2736:
2726:
2716:
2329:
2319:
2309:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1388:(Report). Southern Research Station,
1181:The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov)
1110:
1108:
859:"Berries" of the 'Corcorcor' cultivar
780:Alterations of prairie ecosystems by
476:is an important winter food for many
7:
4639:38cacf76-90e0-4243-ac1f-ba31c1542491
2830:
2793:
2783:
2352:
2116:Welch, H., & Haddow, G. (1993).
1462:Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae
1272:
1270:
1268:
1266:
879:." If correctly prepared, excellent
4822:IUCN Red List least concern species
4226:
4103:
3957:
3934:
2670:
1277:Earle, Christopher J., ed. (2018).
1077:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
3912:
2883:
2873:
2863:
2853:
2624:
2614:
2604:
2594:
2584:
2272:
2262:
2252:
638:. Cones are smaller, 3β4 mm (
25:
4043:
3886:
3876:
3866:
3856:
3846:
3836:
3826:
3816:
3806:
3796:
3786:
3776:
3766:
3756:
3746:
3736:
3726:
3716:
3706:
3696:
3686:
3676:
3666:
3656:
3646:
3627:
3617:
3607:
3597:
3587:
3577:
3567:
3557:
3547:
3537:
3527:
3517:
3507:
3497:
3487:
3477:
3467:
3457:
3447:
3419:
3409:
3399:
3389:
3379:
3369:
3359:
3349:
3339:
3329:
3090:
3080:
3070:
3060:
3050:
3040:
3030:
3020:
3010:
3000:
2990:
2980:
2515:
2505:
2495:
2485:
2475:
2465:
2455:
2445:
2435:
2425:
2415:
2405:
2395:
2385:
2375:
1327:Petite flore forestière du Québec
683:or oak barrens, old pastures, or
564:. Cones are larger, 4β7 mm (
4727:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:132551-2
4293:
4283:
4273:
4189:
3296:
2561:
2177:Interactive Distribution Map of
1797:. Pollen Library. Archived from
1586:"Wildfires Rip Through Oklahoma"
1423:Barlow, Virginia (Winter 2004).
504: in) long and 1.5 mm (
117:
4127:
2538:
2118:The World Checklist of Conifers
2073:W.W. Norton & Company, Inc.
1739:The American Midland Naturalist
1488:"Species: Juniperus virginiana"
1385:Virginia Department of Forestry
529:There are two varieties, which
1611:Vaughan, Carson (2023-12-07).
691:, an economically significant
1:
4020:
4010:
4000:
3990:
3980:
1997:10.1016/j.indcrop.2009.05.005
1985:Industrial Crops and Products
1910:10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.01.004
761:, the enzyme responsible for
54:on a golf course in northern
2166:United States Forest Service
2047:"The Skywatchers of Cahokia"
1390:United States Forest Service
940:. One minor compound is the
805:forests have higher overall
4882:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1830:10.1007/978-3-642-84023-4_8
1131:Harvard University Herbaria
4908:
4827:NatureServe secure species
1251:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
4892:Trees of Northern America
2142:Lawson, Edwin R. (1990).
2067:Lyon, William S. (1998).
1898:Physiology & Behavior
1716:10.1007/s11104-004-2297-6
1673:10.1007/s10021-008-9133-4
1458:Yoder, K.S.; Biggs, A.R.
1127:Missouri Botanical Garden
1115:Adams, Robert P. (1993).
392:, was 940 years old. The
277:
268:
251:
244:
114:Scientific classification
112:
92:
70:
61:
50:
41:
34:
4877:Plants described in 1753
2587:. austrocaledonicus
2158:Silvics of North America
1822:Essential Oils and Waxes
1568:Noble Research Institute
1519:"Juniperus virginiana L"
1469:West Virginia University
556:, south to northernmost
380:is a dense slow-growing
373:foliage and mature cones
278:Natural distribution of
4106:. glyptostroboides
1287:The Gymnosperm Database
1148:|contribution-url=
1002:have been selected for
972:that the pre-Columbian
807:nitrogen use efficiency
675:Eastern Red Cedar is a
484:cones are 2β3 mm (
358:(eastern white cedar).
27:Species of conifer tree
4192:. cryptomerioides
2045:Iseminger, William R.
1351:"Juniperus virginiana"
1129:, St. Louis, MO &
959:Baton Rouge, Louisiana
914:
887:, and Native American
860:
672:
634:and west to southeast
621:
615:
526:
374:
4887:Plants used in bonsai
2993:. austrotibetica
2719:. cedarbergensis
1942:Phytotherapy Research
1306:Junipers of the World
1304:Adams, R. P. (2004).
974:Mississippian culture
905:
899:largely replaced it.
858:
765:, while junipers are
670:
524:
369:
4678:Juniperus virginiana
4357:Juniperus virginiana
4327:Juniperus virginiana
4023:. sutchuenensis
3849:. saltillensis
3819:. occidentalis
3779:. horizontalis
3719:. coahuilensis
3550:. pseudosabina
3480:. foetidissima
3186:. guadalupensis
2458:. neocaledonica
2179:Juniperus virginiana
2146:Juniperus virginiana
2024:10.1055/s-2003-39707
1427:Juniperus virginiana
1281:Juniperus virginiana
1175:Juniperus virginiana
1084:: e.T42257A2967510.
1070:Juniperus virginiana
837:Juniperus virginiana
795:Juniperus virginiana
699:near apple orchards
609:Juniperus silicicola
588:Juniperus virginiana
538:Juniperus virginiana
378:Juniperus virginiana
371:Juniperus virginiana
343:Juniperus scopulorum
313:Juniperus virginiana
255:Juniperus virginiana
52:Juniperus virginiana
36:Juniperus virginiana
4130:. sempervirens
4069:. vietnamensis
3993:. occidentalis
3829:. osteosperma
3749:. durangensis
3709:. californica
3679:. barbadensis
3649:. angosturana
3630:. wallichiana
3590:. semiglobosa
3392:. lutchuensis
3276:. stephensonii
3093:. vietnamensis
3063:. sempervirens
2833:. nootkatensis
2564:. cupressoides
2398:. columellaris
2265:. selaginoides
2255:. cupressoides
1867:1987EcBot..41...48A
1708:2005PlSoi.271..143B
1665:2008Ecosy..11..454M
1523:www.srs.fs.usda.gov
1460:"Cedar-Apple Rust,
1245:Farjon, A. (2005).
1066:Farjon, A. (2013).
1047:Eastern white cedar
753:that concentrate CO
630:, south to central
548:, west to southern
64:Conservation status
3879:. virginiana
3859:. scopulorum
3799:. monosperma
3689:. bermudiana
3540:. procumbens
3460:. convallium
3402:. macrocarpa
3332:. brevifolia
3073:. tonkinensis
3023:. duclouxiana
3003:. cashmeriana
2950:. taiwanensis
2910:. formosensis
2332:. pyramidalis
2185:2010-08-07 at the
1875:10.1007/BF02859346
1617:The New York Times
1433:Northern Woodlands
915:
861:
812:Andropogon gerardi
728:prescribed burning
673:
612:(Small) L.H.Bailey
527:
375:
355:Thuja occidentalis
237:J. virginiana
4857:Flora of Coahuila
4809:
4808:
4660:Open Tree of Life
4319:Taxon identifiers
4310:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4296:. mucronatum
4201:
4200:
4164:
4163:
4078:
4077:
4013:. standishii
3983:. koraiensis
3960:. articulata
3937:. orientalis
3898:
3897:
3869:. standleyi
3839:. pinchotii
3809:. monticola
3789:. jaliscana
3669:. arizonica
3638:New World Species
3610:. thurifera
3580:. saltuaria
3510:. phoenicea
3500:. komarovii
3450:. chinensis
3440:Old World Species
3412:. oxycedrus
3382:. formosana
3256:. revealiana
3236:. nevadensis
3216:. macrocarpa
3206:. macnabiana
3196:. lusitanica
3116:. abramsiana
3033:. dupreziana
2920:. lawsoniana
2876:. macrolepis
2805:
2804:
2796:. lanceolata
2765:Cunninghamioideae
2758:
2757:
2607:. chevalieri
2488:. rhomboidea
2428:. macleayana
2418:. endlicheri
2408:. drummondii
2312:. acuminatus
2284:
2283:
2097:"USDA Fact Sheet"
1948:(12): 1570β1576.
1839:978-3-642-84025-8
1760:20.500.12648/2288
1592:. January 1, 2006
1336:978-2-551-26997-6
966:Cahokia Woodhenge
889:sinew-backed bows
613:
606:
602:Sabina silicicola
596:
533:where they meet:
444:are 3β7 mm (
326:Virginian juniper
309:
308:
107:
87:
16:(Redirected from
4899:
4862:Flora of Ontario
4837:Dioecious plants
4802:
4801:
4789:
4788:
4779:
4778:
4769:
4768:
4756:
4755:
4743:
4742:
4730:
4729:
4717:
4716:
4704:
4703:
4691:
4690:
4681:
4680:
4668:
4667:
4655:
4654:
4642:
4641:
4632:
4631:
4619:
4618:
4616:NBNSYS0000042118
4606:
4605:
4593:
4592:
4580:
4579:
4570:
4569:
4557:
4556:
4544:
4543:
4531:
4530:
4518:
4517:
4508:
4507:
4495:
4494:
4482:
4481:
4469:
4468:
4456:
4455:
4443:
4442:
4433:
4432:
4420:
4419:
4407:
4406:
4394:
4393:
4381:
4380:
4371:
4370:
4361:
4360:
4359:
4346:
4345:
4344:
4314:
4295:
4286:. distichum
4285:
4276:. ascendens
4275:
4251:
4228:
4213:
4191:
4176:
4154:. giganteum
4153:
4129:
4105:
4090:
4068:
4046:. dolabrata
4045:
4022:
4012:
4002:
3992:
3982:
3959:
3936:
3915:. decussata
3914:
3888:
3878:
3868:
3858:
3848:
3838:
3828:
3818:
3808:
3798:
3788:
3778:
3769:. gamboana
3768:
3759:. flaccida
3758:
3748:
3739:. deppeana
3738:
3729:. comitana
3728:
3718:
3708:
3698:
3688:
3678:
3668:
3658:
3648:
3629:
3620:. tibetica
3619:
3609:
3600:. squamata
3599:
3589:
3579:
3569:
3559:
3549:
3539:
3529:
3519:
3509:
3499:
3489:
3479:
3469:
3459:
3449:
3421:
3411:
3401:
3391:
3381:
3371:
3361:
3351:
3341:
3331:
3315:
3299:. hodginsii
3298:
3275:
3266:. sargentii
3265:
3255:
3245:
3235:
3225:
3215:
3205:
3195:
3185:
3176:. goveniana
3175:
3165:
3155:
3146:. benthamii
3145:
3135:
3126:. arizonica
3125:
3115:
3092:
3082:
3072:
3062:
3052:
3042:
3032:
3022:
3013:. chengiana
3012:
3002:
2992:
2983:. atlantica
2982:
2959:
2949:
2939:
2929:
2919:
2909:
2886:. rupestris
2885:
2875:
2866:. formosana
2865:
2856:. decurrens
2855:
2832:
2817:
2795:
2785:
2770:
2748:
2739:. schwarzii
2738:
2729:. nodiflora
2728:
2718:
2695:
2672:
2649:
2627:. yateensis
2626:
2616:
2606:
2597:. bidwillii
2596:
2586:
2563:
2540:
2518:. verrucosa
2517:
2507:
2497:
2487:
2477:
2467:
2457:
2447:
2438:. monticola
2437:
2427:
2417:
2407:
2397:
2388:. canescens
2387:
2377:
2355:. chilensis
2354:
2331:
2322:. arenarius
2321:
2311:
2296:
2275:. laxifolia
2274:
2264:
2254:
2239:
2234:Athrotaxidoideae
2216:
2209:
2202:
2193:
2173:
2162:Washington, D.C.
2129:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2101:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1954:10.1002/ptr.2460
1936:
1930:
1929:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1791:
1785:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1762:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1648:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1547:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1515:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1472:. Archived from
1455:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1420:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1398:
1392:. Archived from
1381:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1322:
1316:
1302:
1291:
1290:
1274:
1261:
1243:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1220:
1214:. Archived from
1209:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1165:
1156:
1155:
1149:
1144:
1142:
1134:
1133:, Cambridge, MA.
1112:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1093:
1063:
910:and the reddish
881:English longbows
708:invasive species
689:cedarβapple rust
657:
656:
652:
647:
646:
642:
611:
604:
595:(Small) E.Murray
594:
583:
582:
578:
573:
572:
568:
513:
512:
508:
503:
502:
498:
493:
492:
488:
464: in) long,
463:
462:
458:
453:
452:
448:
439:
438:
434:
429:
428:
424:
419:
418:
414:
409:
408:
404:
318:eastern redcedar
316:, also known as
305:
293:
273:
257:
122:
121:
101:
98:
97:
81:
76:
75:
46:
32:
21:
18:Eastern redcedar
4907:
4906:
4902:
4901:
4900:
4898:
4897:
4896:
4867:Flora of Quebec
4812:
4811:
4810:
4805:
4797:
4792:
4784:
4782:
4774:
4772:
4764:
4759:
4751:
4746:
4738:
4733:
4725:
4720:
4712:
4707:
4699:
4694:
4686:
4684:
4676:
4671:
4663:
4658:
4650:
4647:Observation.org
4645:
4637:
4635:
4627:
4622:
4614:
4609:
4601:
4596:
4588:
4583:
4575:
4574:MichiganFlora:
4573:
4565:
4560:
4552:
4547:
4539:
4534:
4526:
4521:
4513:
4511:
4503:
4498:
4490:
4485:
4477:
4472:
4464:
4459:
4451:
4446:
4438:
4436:
4428:
4423:
4415:
4410:
4402:
4397:
4389:
4384:
4376:
4374:
4366:
4364:
4355:
4354:
4349:
4340:
4339:
4334:
4321:
4311:
4302:
4299:
4258:
4255:
4252:. pensilis
4234:
4229:. japonica
4197:
4160:
4157:
4136:
4133:
4112:
4109:
4074:
4051:
4028:
3965:
3942:
3919:
3894:
3889:. zanonii
3699:. blancoi
3633:
3560:. recurva
3530:. procera
3470:. excelsa
3427:
3372:. drupacea
3362:. conferta
3352:. communis
3304:
3281:
3156:. forbesii
3098:
3083:. torulosa
3053:. gigantea
3043:. funebris
2965:
2960:. thyoides
2940:. pisifera
2892:
2889:
2838:
2801:
2786:. konishii
2754:
2701:
2696:. uviferum
2678:
2655:
2650:. pancheri
2638:Neocallitropsis
2632:
2569:
2546:
2523:
2478:. preissii
2448:. muelleri
2360:
2337:
2280:
2227:
2220:
2187:Wayback Machine
2160:. Vol. 1.
2141:
2138:
2133:
2132:
2115:
2111:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2083:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2052:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2009:
2008:
2004:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1855:Economic Botany
1852:
1851:
1847:
1840:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1804:
1802:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1780:
1776:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1650:
1649:
1638:
1629:
1627:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1595:
1593:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1527:
1525:
1517:
1516:
1505:
1496:
1494:
1492:www.fs.usda.gov
1486:
1485:
1481:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1442:
1440:
1422:
1421:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1379:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1359:
1357:
1355:Eastern OLDLIST
1349:
1348:
1344:
1337:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1303:
1294:
1276:
1275:
1264:
1244:
1233:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1186:
1184:
1167:
1166:
1159:
1145:
1135:
1114:
1113:
1106:
1096:
1094:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1038:
942:podophyllotoxin
853:
833:
776:
772:
756:
747:
712:fire-intolerant
677:pioneer species
665:
654:
650:
649:
644:
640:
639:
580:
576:
575:
570:
566:
565:
510:
506:
505:
500:
496:
495:
490:
486:
485:
460:
456:
455:
450:
446:
445:
436:
432:
431:
426:
422:
421:
416:
412:
411:
406:
402:
401:
364:
349:Juniperus ashei
330:eastern juniper
296:
294:
284:
283:
264:
259:
253:
240:
116:
108:
99:
95:
88:
77:
73:
66:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4905:
4903:
4895:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4872:Flora of Texas
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4814:
4813:
4807:
4806:
4804:
4803:
4799:wfo-0000354923
4790:
4780:
4770:
4757:
4744:
4731:
4718:
4705:
4692:
4682:
4669:
4656:
4643:
4633:
4620:
4607:
4594:
4581:
4571:
4558:
4545:
4532:
4519:
4509:
4496:
4483:
4470:
4457:
4444:
4434:
4421:
4408:
4395:
4382:
4372:
4362:
4347:
4331:
4329:
4323:
4322:
4317:
4308:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4289:
4279:
4268:
4266:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4256:
4244:
4242:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4221:
4219:
4210:
4203:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4184:
4182:
4173:
4166:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4158:
4146:
4144:
4142:Sequoiadendron
4138:
4137:
4135:
4134:
4122:
4120:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4098:
4096:
4087:
4080:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4061:
4059:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4038:
4036:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4016:
4006:
4003:. plicata
3996:
3986:
3975:
3973:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3952:
3950:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3929:
3927:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3908:
3906:
3900:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3882:
3872:
3862:
3852:
3842:
3832:
3822:
3812:
3802:
3792:
3782:
3772:
3762:
3752:
3742:
3732:
3722:
3712:
3702:
3692:
3682:
3672:
3662:
3652:
3635:
3634:
3623:
3613:
3603:
3593:
3583:
3573:
3570:. sabina
3563:
3553:
3543:
3533:
3523:
3520:. pingii
3513:
3503:
3493:
3490:. indica
3483:
3473:
3463:
3453:
3438:
3436:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3415:
3405:
3395:
3385:
3375:
3365:
3355:
3345:
3342:. cedrus
3335:
3324:
3322:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3291:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3269:
3259:
3249:
3246:. pygmaea
3239:
3229:
3226:. montana
3219:
3209:
3199:
3189:
3179:
3169:
3159:
3149:
3139:
3129:
3119:
3108:
3106:
3104:Hesperocyparis
3100:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3086:
3076:
3066:
3056:
3046:
3036:
3026:
3016:
3006:
2996:
2986:
2975:
2973:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2963:
2953:
2943:
2933:
2923:
2913:
2902:
2900:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2879:
2869:
2859:
2848:
2846:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2825:
2823:
2814:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2789:
2778:
2776:
2767:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2742:
2732:
2722:
2711:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2688:
2686:
2684:Pilgerodendron
2680:
2679:
2677:
2676:
2673:. papuana
2665:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2642:
2640:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2620:
2617:. plumosa
2610:
2600:
2590:
2579:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2556:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2541:. archeri
2533:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2511:
2508:. sulcata
2501:
2491:
2481:
2471:
2468:. oblonga
2461:
2451:
2441:
2431:
2421:
2411:
2401:
2391:
2381:
2378:. baileyi
2370:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2347:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2325:
2315:
2304:
2302:
2293:
2286:
2285:
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2281:
2279:
2278:
2268:
2258:
2247:
2245:
2236:
2229:
2228:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2211:
2204:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2174:
2137:
2136:External links
2134:
2131:
2130:
2120:. Landsman's.
2109:
2088:
2081:
2059:
2037:
2018:(5): 477β478.
2002:
1991:(2): 276β280.
1975:
1931:
1888:
1845:
1838:
1812:
1786:
1774:
1745:(2): 432β445.
1729:
1702:(1): 143β155.
1696:Plant and Soil
1686:
1659:(3): 454β468.
1636:
1603:
1577:
1555:
1534:
1503:
1479:
1476:on 2007-11-12.
1450:
1410:
1367:
1342:
1335:
1317:
1292:
1262:
1231:
1204:BSBI List 2007
1194:
1157:
1104:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1037:
1034:
1019:Christmas tree
970:timber circles
852:
849:
835:The pollen of
832:
829:
820:Cedar waxwings
787:pH of the soil
774:
770:
763:photosynthesis
754:
745:
693:fungal disease
664:
661:
660:
659:
585:
363:
360:
307:
306:
275:
274:
266:
265:
260:
249:
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242:
241:
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128:
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110:
109:
93:
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89:
71:
68:
67:
62:
59:
58:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4904:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
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4719:
4715:
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4706:
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4670:
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4648:
4644:
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4608:
4604:
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4516:
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4501:
4497:
4493:
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4458:
4454:
4449:
4445:
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4435:
4431:
4426:
4422:
4418:
4413:
4409:
4405:
4400:
4396:
4392:
4387:
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4379:
4373:
4369:
4363:
4358:
4352:
4348:
4343:
4337:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4324:
4320:
4315:
4298:
4297:
4290:
4288:
4287:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4261:
4254:
4253:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4240:Glyptostrobus
4237:
4231:
4230:
4223:
4222:
4220:
4218:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4204:
4194:
4193:
4186:
4185:
4183:
4181:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4171:Taiwanioideae
4167:
4156:
4155:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4132:
4131:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4108:
4107:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4081:
4071:
4070:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4058:
4057:Xanthocyparis
4054:
4048:
4047:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4025:
4024:
4017:
4015:
4014:
4007:
4005:
4004:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3987:
3985:
3984:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3968:
3962:
3961:
3954:
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3922:
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3891:
3890:
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3873:
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3870:
3863:
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3833:
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3823:
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3811:
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3803:
3801:
3800:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3783:
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3773:
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3763:
3761:
3760:
3753:
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3750:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3723:
3721:
3720:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3673:
3671:
3670:
3663:
3661:
3660:
3659:. ashei
3653:
3651:
3650:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3632:
3631:
3624:
3622:
3621:
3614:
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3602:
3601:
3594:
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3591:
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3564:
3562:
3561:
3554:
3552:
3551:
3544:
3542:
3541:
3534:
3532:
3531:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3504:
3502:
3501:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3474:
3472:
3471:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3454:
3452:
3451:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3437:
3435:
3430:
3424:
3423:
3422:. rigida
3416:
3414:
3413:
3406:
3404:
3403:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3386:
3384:
3383:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3307:
3301:
3300:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3278:
3277:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3220:
3218:
3217:
3210:
3208:
3207:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3166:. glabra
3160:
3158:
3157:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3136:. bakeri
3130:
3128:
3127:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3087:
3085:
3084:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3047:
3045:
3044:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3007:
3005:
3004:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2987:
2985:
2984:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2968:
2962:
2961:
2954:
2952:
2951:
2944:
2942:
2941:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2930:. obtusa
2924:
2922:
2921:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2898:Chamaecyparis
2895:
2888:
2887:
2880:
2878:
2877:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2860:
2858:
2857:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2834:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2812:Cupressoideae
2808:
2798:
2797:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2775:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2761:
2751:
2750:
2749:. whytei
2743:
2741:
2740:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2707:Widdringtonia
2704:
2698:
2697:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2300:Actinostrobus
2297:
2294:
2292:
2291:Callitroideae
2287:
2277:
2276:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2217:
2212:
2210:
2205:
2203:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2154:
2149:
2147:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2127:
2126:0-900513-09-8
2123:
2119:
2113:
2110:
2105:
2098:
2092:
2089:
2084:
2082:0-393-31735-8
2078:
2075:p. 173.
2074:
2070:
2063:
2060:
2048:
2041:
2038:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2012:Planta Medica
2006:
2003:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1979:
1976:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1935:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1892:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1849:
1846:
1841:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1816:
1813:
1801:on 1 Nov 2019
1800:
1796:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1778:
1775:
1770:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1733:
1730:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1690:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1607:
1604:
1591:
1587:
1581:
1578:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1559:
1556:
1551:
1544:
1543:"Forest Plan"
1538:
1535:
1524:
1520:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1480:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1465:
1463:
1454:
1451:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1428:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1399:on 2021-02-02
1395:
1391:
1387:
1386:
1378:
1371:
1368:
1356:
1352:
1346:
1343:
1338:
1332:
1328:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1314:1-4120-4250-X
1311:
1307:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1284:
1282:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1259:1-84246-068-4
1256:
1252:
1248:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1221:on 2015-06-26
1217:
1213:
1206:
1205:
1198:
1195:
1182:
1178:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1140:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1071:
1062:
1059:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1009:
1008:J. scopulorum
1005:
1001:
996:
993:
988:
985:
983:
982:Woodhenge III
979:
975:
971:
967:
962:
960:
955:
953:
950:
947:
943:
939:
935:
930:
928:
924:
920:
913:
909:
904:
900:
898:
897:incense-cedar
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
857:
850:
848:
846:
842:
838:
830:
828:
824:
821:
817:
814:
813:
808:
804:
803:J. virginiana
800:
796:
792:
788:
783:
782:J. virginiana
778:
768:
764:
760:
752:
748:
740:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
720:J. virginiana
717:
713:
709:
704:
700:
698:
697:J. virginiana
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
669:
662:
637:
633:
629:
625:
624:
619:
618:
610:
603:
600:
593:
589:
586:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
536:
535:
534:
532:
523:
519:
517:
483:
479:
475:
474:juniper berry
471:
467:
443:
399:
395:
391:
390:West Virginia
386:
383:
379:
372:
368:
361:
359:
357:
356:
351:
350:
345:
344:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
314:
303:
299:
298:J. virginiana
291:
287:
286:J. virginiana
281:
276:
272:
267:
263:
258:
256:
250:
247:
246:Binomial name
243:
239:
238:
233:
230:
229:
226:
225:
221:
217:
214:
213:
210:
209:
205:
202:
201:
198:
195:
192:
191:
188:
185:
182:
181:
178:
175:
172:
171:
168:
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
144:Tracheophytes
142:
139:
136:
135:
132:
129:
126:
125:
120:
115:
111:
105:
91:
85:
80:
79:Least Concern
69:
65:
60:
57:
53:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
4326:
4291:
4281:
4271:
4247:
4224:
4208:Taxodioideae
4187:
4149:
4125:
4101:
4085:Sequoioideae
4064:
4041:
4018:
4008:
3998:
3988:
3978:
3955:
3932:
3910:
3884:
3875:
3874:
3864:
3854:
3844:
3834:
3824:
3814:
3804:
3794:
3784:
3774:
3764:
3754:
3744:
3734:
3724:
3714:
3704:
3694:
3684:
3674:
3664:
3654:
3644:
3637:
3636:
3625:
3615:
3605:
3595:
3585:
3575:
3565:
3555:
3545:
3535:
3525:
3515:
3505:
3495:
3485:
3475:
3465:
3455:
3445:
3439:
3433:
3417:
3407:
3397:
3387:
3377:
3367:
3357:
3347:
3337:
3327:
3319:
3294:
3271:
3261:
3251:
3241:
3231:
3221:
3211:
3201:
3191:
3181:
3171:
3161:
3151:
3141:
3131:
3121:
3111:
3088:
3078:
3068:
3058:
3048:
3038:
3028:
3018:
3008:
2998:
2988:
2978:
2955:
2945:
2935:
2925:
2915:
2905:
2881:
2871:
2861:
2851:
2828:
2821:Callitropsis
2791:
2781:
2774:Cunninghamia
2744:
2734:
2724:
2714:
2691:
2668:
2645:
2622:
2612:
2602:
2592:
2582:
2559:
2536:
2513:
2503:
2493:
2483:
2473:
2463:
2453:
2443:
2433:
2423:
2413:
2403:
2393:
2383:
2373:
2350:
2343:Austrocedrus
2327:
2317:
2307:
2270:
2260:
2250:
2224:Cupressaceae
2178:
2157:
2152:
2145:
2117:
2112:
2103:
2091:
2068:
2062:
2051:. Retrieved
2049:. Mexicolore
2040:
2015:
2011:
2005:
1988:
1984:
1978:
1945:
1941:
1934:
1901:
1897:
1891:
1861:(1): 48β54.
1858:
1854:
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1081:
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1032:conditions.
1030:
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1004:horticulture
998:A number of
997:
989:
986:
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931:
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877:cedar chests
862:
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836:
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781:
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223:
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207:
197:Cupressaceae
157:Gymnospermae
150:
137:
51:
35:
29:
4701:kew-2331595
4598:NatureServe
4500:iNaturalist
4351:Wikispecies
4217:Cryptomeria
4094:Metasequoia
3948:Tetraclinis
3925:Platycladus
2661:Papuacedrus
2498:. roei
1572:Ardmore, OK
1360:13 December
1097:12 November
990:During the
976:in western
843:is a known
362:Description
334:red juniper
187:Cupressales
104:NatureServe
4816:Categories
4783:WisFlora:
4696:Plant List
4206:Subfamily
4169:Subfamily
4083:Subfamily
3904:Microbiota
2844:Calocedrus
2810:Subfamily
2763:Subfamily
2575:Libocedrus
2289:Subfamily
2243:Athrotaxis
2232:Subfamily
2053:2017-12-19
1653:Ecosystems
1630:2024-02-21
1528:2023-10-08
1497:2023-10-08
1225:2014-10-17
1187:22 January
1169:USDA, NRCS
1053:References
1042:Cedar wood
968:series of
923:thujopsene
841:virginiana
724:grasslands
592:silicicola
542:virginiana
531:intergrade
442:seed cones
382:coniferous
302:silicicola
290:virginiana
163:Division:
4832:Juniperus
4466:210000931
4453:210000931
4034:Thujopsis
3320:Juniperus
3310:Juniperus
2971:Cupressus
2366:Callitris
1904:: 50β58.
1625:0362-4331
1596:April 11,
1550:fs.fed.us
1026:recorders
1000:cultivars
992:Dust Bowl
912:heartwood
865:heartwood
767:C3 plants
751:C4 plants
716:wildfires
685:limestone
516:dioecious
385:evergreen
322:red cedar
280:varieties
231:Species:
220:Juniperus
215:Section:
208:Juniperus
177:Pinopsida
167:Pinophyta
127:Kingdom:
4773:VASCAN:
4761:Tropicos
4603:2.128692
4541:10928973
4528:132551-2
4375:BioLib:
4336:Wikidata
4264:Taxodium
4180:Taiwania
3432:Section
3318:Section
3287:Fokienia
2552:Fitzroya
2183:Archived
2168:(USFS),
2153:Conifers
2032:12802737
1970:10379153
1962:19067375
1918:29326032
1883:39335597
1769:55258892
1724:37204504
1681:23911766
1443:July 29,
1403:4 August
1171:(n.d.).
1139:citation
1036:See also
978:Illinois
946:alkaloid
944:, a non-
938:limonene
885:flatbows
845:allergen
799:nitrogen
791:alkaline
732:Oklahoma
681:prairies
628:Virginia
193:Family:
84:IUCN 3.1
56:Virginia
4766:9400157
4585:MoBotPF
4479:2684391
4404:1061664
4342:Q157522
4118:Sequoia
2529:Diselma
2226:species
2222:Extant
2104:ufl.edu
1926:4620958
1863:Bibcode
1805:4 April
1704:Bibcode
1661:Bibcode
1150:value (
934:safrole
919:cedrene
908:sapwood
893:pencils
759:RuBisCO
663:Ecology
653:⁄
643:⁄
632:Florida
579:⁄
569:⁄
558:Florida
550:Ontario
509:⁄
499:⁄
489:⁄
459:⁄
449:⁄
435:⁄
425:⁄
415:⁄
405:⁄
338:juniper
292:(green)
203:Genus:
183:Order:
173:Class:
131:Plantae
102: (
100:Secure
82: (
4709:PLANTS
4652:150042
4636:NZOR:
4590:279605
4440:junvir
4437:FEIS:
4430:150715
4365:AoFP:
3434:Sabina
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1015:Ozarks
952:lignan
927:cedrol
831:Pollen
482:pollen
398:leaves
224:Sabina
222:sect.
4753:209-4
4748:SANBI
4685:PFI:
4665:78161
4629:39584
4567:42257
4554:18048
4536:IRMNG
4512:IPA:
4505:49399
4492:20878
4425:EUNIS
4417:IUPVI
4391:6NHW6
3971:Thuja
2100:(PDF)
1966:S2CID
1922:S2CID
1879:S2CID
1765:S2CID
1720:S2CID
1677:S2CID
1546:(PDF)
1397:(PDF)
1380:(PDF)
1219:(xls)
1208:(xls)
949:toxin
873:Moths
869:decay
839:var.
736:Texas
636:Texas
623:-cola
617:silex
605:Small
590:var.
562:Texas
546:Maine
540:var.
478:birds
470:seeds
466:berry
304:(red)
300:var.
288:var.
151:Clade
138:Clade
4786:3984
4776:4709
4740:9636
4722:POWO
4714:JUVI
4688:8508
4673:PfaF
4624:NCBI
4562:IUCN
4549:ITIS
4523:IPNI
4515:2259
4487:GRIN
4474:GBIF
4412:EPPO
4378:2411
4368:3925
2122:ISBN
2077:ISBN
2028:PMID
1958:PMID
1914:PMID
1834:ISBN
1807:2022
1621:ISSN
1598:2007
1445:2009
1405:2018
1362:2015
1331:ISBN
1310:ISBN
1255:ISBN
1189:2016
1152:help
1099:2021
1082:2013
964:The
936:and
925:and
851:Uses
734:and
620:and
599:syn.
552:and
394:bark
295:and
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4735:RHS
4611:NBN
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4461:FoC
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4399:EoL
4386:CoL
2020:doi
1993:doi
1950:doi
1906:doi
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1871:doi
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