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348:, where at Christmas he remained alone while his schoolmates returned home to their families. One of Scrooge's happy memories was when his sister Fan — later Fred's mother — came to take him home one Christmas, saying that their hard-hearted father had changed. Scrooge then apprenticed at the warehouse of a jovial and generous master,
333:. He also refuses his nephew Fred's invitation to Christmas dinner and denounces him as a fool for celebrating Christmas. He even frightens a young carol singer by gripping a ruler with a fit of energy. Scrooge reluctantly gives Cratchit Christmas Day off, as there will be no business for Scrooge during the day.
491:, considers that in the opening part of the book portraying young Scrooge's lonely and unhappy childhood, and his aspiration to rise from poverty to riches "is something of a self-parody of Dickens's fears about himself"; the post-transformation parts of the book are how Dickens optimistically sees himself.
398:
shows
Scrooge where his greed and selfishness will lead: a lonely death and a neglected grave, unpaid servants stealing his belongings, debtors relieved at his death, and the Cratchit family devastated by the loss of Tiny Tim. Scrooge asks this Spirit if this future can still be changed, and begs the
336:
That night, Scrooge is visited by Marley's ghost, who is condemned to walk the world forever bound in chains as punishment for his greed and inhumanity in life. Marley tells
Scrooge that he will be visited by three spirits, in the hope that he will mend his ways; if he does not, Marley warns, Scrooge
352:. He was engaged to a young woman named Belle, but gradually his love for Belle was overwhelmed by his love for money. Belle realised this and, saddened by his greed, left him, eventually having children with another man. The present-day Scrooge reacts to his memories with nostalgia and deep regret.
486:
Kelly writes that
Scrooge may have been influenced by Dickens' conflicting feelings for his father, whom he loved and demonised. This psychological conflict may be responsible for the two radically different Scrooges in the tale—one a cold, stingy recluse, the other a benevolent, loving man. Robert
393:
with medical treatment because of
Scrooge's miserliness. The Spirit tells an ashamed Scrooge that Tiny Tim will die unless something changes, and throws back at Scrooge his own heartless words about the poor and destitute. Scrooge and the ghost also visit Fred's Christmas party, where Fred defends
265:
Dickens describes
Scrooge thus early in the story: "The cold within him froze his old features, nipped his pointed nose, shrivelled his cheek, stiffened his gait; made his eyes red, his thin lips blue; and spoke out shrewdly in his grating voice." Towards the end of the novella, the three spirits
402:
An overjoyed
Scrooge commits to being more generous and compassionate; he accepts his nephew's invitation to Christmas dinner, provides for Cratchit and his family, and donates to the charity fund. From then, he is said to have become the embodiment of the Christmas spirit and became a "second
438:) but misread it as "mean man." This theory has been described as "a probable Dickens hoax" for which "o one could find any corroborating evidence". There is no record of anyone named Scroggie in the Edinburgh census returns of the period.
523:, although the latter is "a more fantastic image" than the former; Ackroyd observes that Chuzzlewit's transformation to a charitable man is parallel to that of Scrooge. Douglas-Fairhurst sees that the minor character Gabriel Grub from
483:("stone (of) help") to reflect the help given to Scrooge to change his life. Commentators have suggested that the surname was partly inspired by the word "scrouge", meaning "crowd" or "squeeze". The word was in use from 1820.
300:
Charles
Dickens describes Scrooge as "a squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous, old sinner! Hard and sharp as flint... secret, and self-contained, and solitary as an oyster." He does business from a
1795:
Scrooge's type of business is not directly stated in the original work. Victorian-period adaptations often depict him as a money-lender, but also as a mercantile executive (1951) or commodity trader (1984).
321:. Most of all, he detests Christmas, which he associates with reckless spending. When two men approach him on Christmas Eve for a donation to charity, he sneers that the poor should avail themselves of the
563:, was at least partially based on Ebenezer Scrooge: "I began to think of the great Dickens Christmas story about Scrooge… I was just thief enough to steal some of the idea and have a rich uncle for
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Scrooge is also a real word. Spelled slightly differently, 'scrouge' 'scrowge' or 'scroodge' is an old word meaning to squeeze someone, to encroach on their space, making them feel uncomfortable...
1943:
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and possibly
Britain's first millionaire, was nationally renowned for his stinginess, and may have been another model for Scrooge. The man whom Dickens eventually mentions in
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arrives and shows
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The word is also a blend of 'scrouge' the verb to squeeze or to press, used 1820–1830 (itself being a blend of crew and bruise) and gouge...
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The psychological phenomenon of increased generosity and altruism following encounters with mortality or existential dread is called the
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2022:(1999). "Letter to George Holsworth, 18 January 1865". In House, Madeline; Storey, Graham; Brown, Margaret; Tillotson, Kathleen (eds.).
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are in full vigour, then?" are a reflection of a sarcastic question raised by the reactionary philosopher
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Spirit for another chance, promising to change his ways – and finds himself in his bed on
Christmas Day.
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Several theories have been put forward as to where Dickens got the inspiration for the character.
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2468:"The Scrooge Effect: Evidence that Mortality Salience Increases Prosocial Attitudes and Behavior"
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Grub's name came from a 19th century Dutch miser, Gabriel de Graaf, a morose gravedigger.
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as a man of good credit. Despite having considerable personal wealth, he underpays his clerk
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Details of Scroggie's life are sparse, but he was a vintner as well as a corn merchant.
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2506:"THE DREAM OF THREE LIFETIMES: TRANSLATION AND TRANSNATIONALITY IN DONALD DUCK COMICS"
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517:, Dickens's biographer, sees similarities between Scrooge and the title character of
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262:) has become a defining tale of the Christmas holiday in the English-speaking world.
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One school of thought is that Dickens based Scrooge's views of the poor on those of
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510:: "Are there not treadmills, gibbets; even hospitals, poor-rates, New Poor-Law?"
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show Scrooge the errors of his ways, and he becomes a better, more generous man.
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Smith, Joanmarie (Summer 1983). "The Religious Conversion of Ebenezer Scrooge".
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2047:(2 ed.). Cambridge, England: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 7–8.
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and hounds his debtors relentlessly while living cheaply and joylessly in the
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2807:
Douglas-Fairhurst, Robert (2006). "Introduction". In Dickens, Charles (ed.).
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2758:
2552:"Jim Carrey set for 'Christmas Carol': Zemeckis directing Dickens adaptation"
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Jonas, Eva; Schimel, Jeff; Greenberg, Jeff; Pyszczynski, Tom (October 2002).
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and who strongly resembles the character portrayed by Dickens' illustrator,
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466:(1714–1789). Another suggested inspiration for the character of Scrooge is
2908:
Kelly, Richard Michael (2003). "Introduction". In Dickens, Charles (ed.).
2347:"The Metapsychology of Character Change: A Case Study of Ebenezer Scrooge"
1662:
as Robert Grove attempting to take over, with the role being usurped from
281:" is often used to express disgust with many modern Christmas traditions.
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1570:
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1235:
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2659:"From Charles Dickens to Michael Caine, here are the five best Scrooges"
1757:
606: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
270:
2393:
2394:"From Humbug to Humility: Learning How to Know with Ebenezer Scrooge"
1771:
1415:
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31:
764:
in 1938 on radio replacing Lionel Barrymore for one appearance only.
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513:
There are literary precursors for Scrooge in Dickens's own works.
459:
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Scrooge and Bob Cratchit celebrate Christmas with smoking bishop.
2044:
Hearing the Gospel through Charles Dickens's "A Christmas Carol"
891:
in a 1966 radio musical version (adapted from his Broadway role)
2959:
2252:(1st Simon & Schuster hardcover ed.). New York City:
1906:"BBC Arts – That Ebenezer geezer... who was the real Scrooge?"
1150:
has appeared in more than 1,000 stage performances since 1992.
575:
200:
194:
217:
535:
Scrooge's character, particularly how it changes throughout
2166:"Why did Charles Dickens choose the name Ebenezer Scrooge?"
179:
16:
Fictional character in A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens
269:
Scrooge's last name has entered the English language as a
220:
1843:
Carlyle's original question was written in his 1840 work
337:
will wear even heavier chains than his in the afterlife.
185:
2772:(Kindle ed.). Kennebunkport, ME: Cider Mill Press.
1446:(Carrey also played the three spirits haunting Scrooge).
1332:
Adrienne Carter as Annie Redfeather as Annie Scrooge in
414:
Ebenezer Lennox Scroggie was supposedly a merchant from
394:
his uncle from his guests' snide remarks. Finally, the
2811:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. vii–xxix.
1933:"Mr Punch is still knocking them dead after 350 years"
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Dickens Studies Annual: Essays on Victorian Fiction
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44:
30:"Bah! Humbug!" redirects here. For the phrase, see
2848:
2726:
2571:"Doctor Who Christmas Special – A Christmas Carol"
2245:
1931:
1877:"Revealed: the Scot who inspired Dickens' Scrooge"
305:warehouse and is known among the merchants of the
228:) is a fictional character and the protagonist of
2613:"BBC Radio 4 – Saturday Drama, A Christmas Carol"
2316:
2280:
2248:Grand pursuit : the story of economic genius
2204:
913:(1969) and again in the Australian animated film
19:This article is about the fictional character in
3599:A Christmas Carol; or, Past, Present, and Future
3529:Kelly Clarkson's Cautionary Christmas Music Tale
1293:(the Theater at Madison Square Garden 2001 play)
686:A Christmas Carol; or, Past, Present, and Future
66:Scrooge (left) encounters "Jacob Marley's ghost"
2971:
527:was also an influence when creating Scrooge.
479:It has been suggested that he chose the name
470:, who Dickens mentions, along with Elwes, in
8:
2859:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
2116:"The real man who inspired Ebenezer Scrooge"
539:, has been the subject of several analyses.
2809:A Christmas Carol and other Christmas Books
1622:episode, "Diesel's Ghostly Christmas", 2015
758:in 1936 on radio, for ailing brother Lionel
3788:Fictional characters from the 19th century
2978:
2964:
2956:
2914:. Ontario: Broadway Press. pp. 9–30.
2890:The Cambridge Companion to Charles Dickens
2472:Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
2345:Clarke, Joseph (Jody) H. (December 2009).
2008:. Amberley Publishing Limited. p. 40.
1989:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1240:the stage version of Alan Menken's musical
60:
2893:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2830:. Rogers State University. Archived from
2532:"For These Lads, 'Carol' Seems Like Play"
2221:. Rogers State University. Archived from
2085:"Why did Charles Dickens invent Scrooge?"
666:Learn how and when to remove this message
3708:The Misadventures of the Wholesome Twins
3580:Mrs. Bob Cratchit's Wild Christmas Binge
2351:Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health
1076:episode "A Jetson Christmas Carol", 1985
2856:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2332:
2320:
2304:
2292:
1868:
1788:
3803:Literary characters introduced in 1843
3494:Bah, Humduck! A Looney Tunes Christmas
2728:"Real Scrooge 'was Dutch gravedigger'"
2560:, 2007-07-06. Retrieved on 2007-09-11.
1982:
1405:Bah, Humduck! A Looney Tunes Christmas
41:
2935:. Stroud, Glos: Amberley Publishing.
2739:from the original on 11 January 2022.
2725:Alleyne, Richard (24 December 2007).
2192:
2078:
2076:
1558:as Carol Huffman in the 2012 TV film
7:
2826:Elwell, Frank W. (2 November 2001).
2217:Elwell, Frank W. (2 November 2001).
2083:Pearson, Richard (9 December 2014).
1946:from the original on 11 January 2022
1000:Skinflint: A Country Christmas Carol
746:in 1928 and 1936, 1950 on television
604:adding citations to reliable sources
2630:Heymont, George (29 January 2016).
2530:Boulware, Hugh (30 November 1987).
2392:McReynolds, Joseph Clayton (2020).
2114:Cereno, Benito (14 December 2018).
1967:A walk through Edinburgh's New Town
1645:My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic
1335:Adventures from the Book of Virtues
1114:(as himself) played Scrooge in the
752:on radio 1934–1935, 1937, 1939–1953
1930:Pelling, Rowan (7 February 2014).
1547:as Grouchy Smurf in the 2011 film
1166:episode, "A Christmas Plotz", 1993
785:in 1941 on radio and again in 1949
487:Douglas-Fairhurst, a professor of
317:of his deceased business partner,
14:
3350:A Special Sesame Street Christmas
1503:in "Victor's Christmas Carol" on
1488:in the 2010 Christmas special of
1366:as "Scroogette" Carol Cartman in
1031:A Special Sesame Street Christmas
3724:Ebenezer and the Invisible World
3639:A Christmas Carol: A Ghost Story
2679:A Christmas Carol: A Ghost Story
1723:A Christmas Carol: A Ghost Story
1642:(playing Snowfall Frost) in the
1390:Bad Girls 2006 Christmas Special
1338:: Compassion Pt. 1 & 2, 2000
1247:as Elizabeth "Ebbie" Scrooge in
580:
418:who won a catering contract for
172:
1541:episode, "A London Carol", 2010
1036:A Sesame Street Christmas Carol
791:in 1947 on radio and television
591:needs additional citations for
104:
3716:The Man Who Invented Christmas
3334:Mister Magoo's Christmas Carol
3042:Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come
2710:. London: Sinclair-Stevenson.
2410:10.5325/dickstudannu.51.1.0020
2024:The Letters of Charles Dickens
1683:The Man Who Invented Christmas
860:Mister Magoo's Christmas Carol
396:Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come
372:Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come
260:Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come
1:
3813:Male characters in literature
3666:Doctor Who: A Christmas Carol
3406:A Flintstones Christmas Carol
3374:Rich Little's Christmas Carol
3267:The Smurfs: A Christmas Carol
2041:Kincaid, Cheryl Anne (2009).
1550:The Smurfs: A Christmas Carol
1189:A Flintstones Christmas Carol
965:Rich Little's Christmas Carol
882:A Carol for Another Christmas
3798:Fictional people from London
3768:A Christmas Carol characters
3398:Blackadder's Christmas Carol
3366:Bugs Bunny's Christmas Carol
2880:UK public library membership
2794:. London: Chapman and Hall.
1672:A Christmas Carol Goes Wrong
1129:Blackadder's Christmas Carol
1015:Bugs Bunny's Christmas Carol
937:Santa Claus Is Comin To Town
329:, or else die to reduce the
3430:An All Dogs Christmas Carol
3342:Carol for Another Christmas
3243:Barbie in a Christmas Carol
3155:An American Christmas Carol
3059:Scrooge, or, Marley's Ghost
2601:(4520): 174. December 2010.
2170:www.londonguidedwalks.co.uk
1491:Sam & Mark's TMi Friday
1421:Barbie in A Christmas Carol
1263:Radio Theatre's version of
989:An American Christmas Carol
900:Carry On Christmas Specials
238:. Initially a cold-hearted
3836:
3299:Scrooge: A Christmas Carol
3251:Ghosts of Girlfriends Past
3195:Christmas Carol: The Movie
3179:The Muppet Christmas Carol
3037:Ghost of Christmas Present
2929:Sillence, Rebecca (2015).
2847:Gordon, Alexander (2008).
1747:Scrooge: A Christmas Carol
1575:A CBeebies Christmas Carol
1506:The Young and the Restless
1467:Ghosts of Girlfriends Past
1464:as Connor "Dutch" Mead in
1357:Christmas Carol: The Movie
1141:The Muppet Christmas Carol
1126:as Ebenezer Blackadder in
1082:as "Constable Scrooge" in
387:Ghost of Christmas Present
361:Ghost of Christmas Present
277:, while his catchphrase, "
256:Ghost of Christmas Present
133:Belle (fiancée of Scrooge)
29:
18:
3623:A Klingon Christmas Carol
3358:The Stingiest Man in Town
2850:"Elwes, John (1714–1789)"
2363:10.1080/19349630903310039
2004:Silence, Rebecca (2015).
1830:original illustration by
977:The Stingiest Man in Town
59:
49:
3783:Fictional businesspeople
3742:John Leech (illustrator)
3454:A Diva's Christmas Carol
3163:Mickey's Christmas Carol
2887:Jordan, John O. (2001).
2453:10.1080/0034408300780307
1969:. Scotland. p. 63.
1329:as Eddie Scrooge in 2000
1320:A Diva's Christmas Carol
1092:as Scrooge as a boy for
1084:A Christmas Held Captive
1051:Mickey's Christmas Carol
909:in the animated TV film
3808:Male characters in film
3747:List of Christmas films
3537:A Hearth's Warming Tail
3032:Ghost of Christmas Past
2932:Gloucester History Tour
2484:10.1177/014616702236834
2145:www.merriam-webster.com
2141:"Definition of SCROUGE"
2028:Oxford University Press
2006:Gloucester History Tour
1698:, "Double Decker", 2017
1650:A Hearth's Warming Tail
342:Ghost of Christmas Past
295:Ghost of Christmas Past
252:Ghost of Christmas Past
3521:It's Christmas, Carol!
2766:DeVito, Carlo (2014).
2510:etda.libraries.psu.edu
2317:Douglas-Fairhurst 2006
2281:Douglas-Fairhurst 2006
2244:Nasar, Sylvia (2011).
2205:Douglas-Fairhurst 2006
1561:It's Christmas, Carol!
1538:The Suite Life on Deck
1515:as Kazran Sardick in "
1387:as Sylvia Hollamby in
1273:as Ebenita Scrooge in
382:
374:
363:
340:The first spirit, the
297:
250:by three spirits (the
23:. For other uses, see
3502:Nan's Christmas Carol
3091:The Right to Be Happy
2865:10.1093/ref:odnb/8776
2753:. London: J. Fraser.
1965:Melvin, Eric (2014).
1476:as Sloane Spencer in
1455:Nan's Christmas Carol
1430:as Michael Malone in
986:as Benedict Slade in
403:father" to Tiny Tim.
380:
369:
358:
292:
232:'s 1843 short novel,
3773:Christmas characters
3275:Scrooge & Marley
2828:"Reclaiming Malthus"
2681:is coming to cinemas
2254:Simon & Schuster
2219:"Reclaiming Malthus"
1658:as Chris Bean (with
1619:Thomas & Friends
1317:as Ebony Scrooge in
1034:, 1979 and again in
875:as Daniel Grudge in
600:improve this article
150:Clara (niece-in-law)
3486:Karroll's Christmas
3318:The Christmas Carol
3211:Springtime with Roo
3123:It's Never Too Late
2733:The Daily Telegraph
2665:. 19 December 2018.
2441:Religious Education
2026:. Oxford, England:
1678:Christopher Plummer
1462:Matthew McConaughey
1261:Focus on the Family
962:playing Scrooge in
722:1913, and again in
525:The Pickwick Papers
496:political economist
444:Gloucester Old Bank
426:. He was buried in
39:Fictional character
2675:Cremona, Patrick.
2550:Fleming, Michael.
1883:. 24 December 2004
1666:to begin with) in
1556:Emmanuelle Vaugier
1414:as Eden Starling (
1346:Scrooge and Marley
1116:film-within-a-film
1102:as Frank Cross in
998:as Cyrus Flint in
681:Richard John Smith
615:"Ebenezer Scrooge"
489:English literature
428:Canongate Kirkyard
383:
375:
364:
331:surplus population
298:
161:English (original)
3778:Fictional bankers
3755:
3754:
3701:Green Chri$ tma$
3686:A Christmas Carol
3658:A Christmas Carol
3631:A Christmas Carol
3615:Fellow Passengers
3607:A Christmas Carol
3572:A Christmas Carol
3545:A Christmas Carol
3510:A Christmas Carol
3470:A Christmas Carol
3462:A Christmas Carol
3446:A Christmas Carol
3390:A Christmas Carol
3382:A Christmas Carol
3326:A Christmas Carol
3283:A Christmas Carol
3259:A Christmas Carol
3235:An American Carol
3227:A Christmas Carol
3219:Chasing Christmas
3203:A Carol Christmas
3187:A Christmas Carol
3147:A Christmas Carol
3131:A Christmas Carol
3107:A Christmas Carol
3075:A Christmas Carol
3067:A Christmas Carol
2992:A Christmas Carol
2942:978-1-4456-4859-0
2921:978-1-55111-476-7
2911:A Christmas Carol
2900:978-0-521-66964-1
2878:(Subscription or
2818:978-0-19-920474-8
2792:A Christmas Carol
2779:978-1-60433-555-2
2769:Inventing Scrooge
2717:978-1-85619-000-8
2632:"Rule Britannia!"
2591:"Christmas Day".
2478:(10): 1342–1353.
2319:, p. xviii;
2267:978-0-684-87298-8
1640:Starlight Glimmer
1600:in the BBC drama
1592:A Christmas Carol
1517:A Christmas Carol
1433:An American Carol
1369:A Carol Christmas
1291:A Christmas Carol
1265:A Christmas Carol
1216:F. Murray Abraham
916:A Christmas Carol
911:A Christmas Carol
844:Green Chri$ tma$
738:Russell Thorndike
698:A Christmas Carol
676:
675:
668:
650:
555:The character of
537:A Christmas Carol
520:Martin Chuzzlewit
473:Our Mutual Friend
424:visit to Scotland
235:A Christmas Carol
165:
164:
144:Fan (late sister)
52:A Christmas Carol
21:A Christmas Carol
3825:
3818:Archetypal names
3793:Fictional misers
3007:Ebenezer Scrooge
2980:
2973:
2966:
2957:
2946:
2925:
2904:
2883:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2852:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2834:on 24 March 2017
2822:
2803:
2788:Dickens, Charles
2783:
2762:
2740:
2730:
2721:
2690:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2646:
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2296:
2290:
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2272:
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2251:
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2235:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2225:on 24 March 2017
2214:
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2126:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2097:
2080:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2057:. Archived from
2038:
2032:
2031:
2020:Dickens, Charles
2016:
2010:
2009:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1988:
1980:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1953:
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1935:
1927:
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1896:
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1890:
1888:
1873:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1841:
1835:
1828:
1822:
1817:Illustration by
1815:
1809:
1804:Illustration by
1802:
1796:
1793:
1718:Nicholas Farrell
1668:Mischief Theatre
1630:Scrooge in Love!
1474:Christina Milian
1315:Vanessa Williams
1232:Jonathan Freeman
1170:James Earl Jones
1026:Oscar the Grouch
889:Wilfrid Brambell
829:in 1956 and 1958
779:in 1940 on radio
750:Lionel Barrymore
744:Bransby Williams
671:
664:
660:
657:
651:
649:
608:
584:
576:
498:and demographer
370:Scrooge and the
359:Scrooge and the
293:Scrooge and the
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168:Ebenezer Scrooge
130:
64:
45:Ebenezer Scrooge
42:
3835:
3834:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3751:
3730:
3684:Adaptations of
3672:
3645:
3586:
3551:
3478:An Easter Carol
3305:
3046:
2995:
2987:Charles Dickens
2984:
2954:
2949:
2943:
2928:
2922:
2907:
2901:
2886:
2877:
2869:
2867:
2846:
2837:
2835:
2825:
2819:
2806:
2786:
2780:
2765:
2745:Carlyle, Thomas
2743:
2724:
2718:
2702:
2698:
2693:
2674:
2670:
2663:The Independent
2657:
2656:
2652:
2642:
2640:
2637:Huffington Post
2629:
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2624:
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2610:
2606:
2590:
2589:
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2569:
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2545:
2537:Chicago Tribune
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2303:
2299:
2291:
2287:
2283:, p. xiii.
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2095:
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2090:The Independent
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2018:
2017:
2013:
2003:
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1981:
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1816:
1812:
1806:Sol Eytinge Jr.
1803:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1785:
1768:
1763:
1756:in a series of
1628:in the musical
1525:, December 2010
1509:, December 2010
1479:Christmas Cupid
1306:Patrick Stewart
1184:Fred Flintstone
1094:Goodman Theatre
1080:Oliver Muirhead
1058:George C. Scott
950:Michael Hordern
873:Sterling Hayden
810:, and again in
672:
661:
655:
652:
609:
607:
597:
585:
574:
552:
533:
442:, owner of the
409:
346:boarding school
287:
230:Charles Dickens
204:
175:
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128:
76:Charles Dickens
67:
40:
35:
28:
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5:
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3711:(2005 musical)
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2952:External links
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2716:
2704:Ackroyd, Peter
2699:
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2692:
2691:
2689:, October 2022
2677:Mark Gatiss's
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2497:
2458:
2447:(3): 355–361.
2431:
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2357:(4): 248–263.
2337:
2325:
2309:
2307:, p. 409.
2297:
2285:
2273:
2266:
2236:
2209:
2207:, p. xix.
2197:
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2132:
2106:
2072:
2061:on 4 June 2017
2054:978-1443817981
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1739:
1727:
1715:
1710:in the BBC/FX
1705:
1702:Stuart Brennan
1699:
1687:
1675:
1653:
1636:Kelly Sheridan
1633:
1623:
1607:
1595:
1590:adaptation of
1577:
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1513:Michael Gambon
1510:
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1471:
1459:
1450:Catherine Tate
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1412:Morwenna Banks
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1196:Walter Charles
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1148:Jeffrey Sanzel
1145:
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1064:
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1046:Scrooge McDuck
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557:Scrooge McDuck
551:
550:In other media
548:
544:Scrooge effect
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508:Thomas Carlyle
500:Thomas Malthus
458:eccentric and
454:, was a noted
436:grain merchant
420:King George IV
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2295:, p. 32.
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1228:Roger Daltrey
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833:John McIntire
831:
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818:Fredric March
816:
813:
809:
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796:
795:Taylor Holmes
793:
790:
787:
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783:Ronald Colman
781:
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769:
768:Reginald Owen
766:
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656:December 2020
648:
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634:
631:
627:
624:
620:
617: –
616:
612:
611:Find sources:
605:
601:
595:
594:
589:This section
587:
583:
578:
577:
571:
566:
562:
559:, created by
558:
554:
553:
549:
547:
545:
540:
538:
530:
528:
526:
522:
521:
516:
515:Peter Ackroyd
511:
509:
505:
501:
497:
492:
490:
484:
482:
477:
475:
474:
469:
468:Daniel Dancer
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
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296:
291:
284:
282:
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263:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
242:who despises
241:
237:
236:
231:
225:
169:
160:
156:
149:
147:Fred (nephew)
146:
143:
142:
140:
136:
132:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
91:Daniel Dancer
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70:
63:
58:
54:
53:
48:
43:
37:
33:
26:
22:
3727:(video game)
3722:
3714:
3706:
3693:Batman: Noël
3691:
3685:
3664:
3656:
3637:
3629:
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3570:
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3105:
3097:
3089:
3081:
3073:
3065:
3057:
3027:Jacob Marley
3017:Mr. Fezziwig
3012:Bob Cratchit
3006:
2990:
2931:
2910:
2889:
2868:. Retrieved
2854:
2836:. Retrieved
2832:the original
2808:
2791:
2768:
2749:
2732:
2707:
2684:
2678:
2671:
2662:
2653:
2643:30 September
2641:. Retrieved
2635:
2625:
2616:
2607:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2574:. Retrieved
2565:
2555:
2546:
2535:
2525:
2513:. Retrieved
2509:
2500:
2475:
2471:
2461:
2444:
2440:
2434:
2404:(1): 20–39.
2401:
2397:
2387:
2354:
2350:
2340:
2333:Alleyne 2007
2328:
2321:Alleyne 2007
2312:
2305:Ackroyd 1990
2300:
2293:Carlyle 1840
2288:
2276:
2247:
2239:
2227:. Retrieved
2223:the original
2212:
2200:
2188:
2180:
2173:. Retrieved
2169:
2160:
2148:. Retrieved
2144:
2135:
2123:. Retrieved
2119:
2109:
2101:
2094:. Retrieved
2088:
2063:. Retrieved
2059:the original
2043:
2036:
2030:. p. 7.
2023:
2014:
2005:
1999:
1966:
1960:
1948:. Retrieved
1937:
1925:
1913:. Retrieved
1909:
1900:
1892:
1885:. Retrieved
1881:The Scotsman
1880:
1871:
1852:
1844:
1839:
1826:
1813:
1800:
1791:
1745:
1733:
1730:Will Ferrell
1721:
1693:
1681:
1671:
1664:Derek Jacobi
1643:
1629:
1617:
1601:
1591:
1574:
1569:in the 2013
1559:
1548:
1545:George Lopez
1536:
1520:
1504:
1497:Eric Braeden
1489:
1477:
1465:
1453:
1431:
1428:Kevin Farley
1419:
1403:
1388:
1385:Helen Fraser
1367:
1355:
1352:Simon Callow
1345:
1333:
1318:
1297:Jack Palance
1290:
1274:
1271:Cicely Tyson
1264:
1248:
1224:Tony Roberts
1200:Tony Randall
1187:
1180:Henry Corden
1173:
1161:
1154:Frank Welker
1139:
1127:
1103:
1083:
1071:
1049:
1035:
1029:
1013:
1010:Yosemite Sam
999:
987:
975:
963:
960:W. C. Fields
935:
914:
910:
907:Ron Haddrick
898:
880:
858:
842:
839:Stan Freberg
804:Alastair Sim
777:Claude Rains
762:Orson Welles
723:
717:
697:
693:Tom Ricketts
684:
662:
653:
643:
636:
629:
622:
610:
598:Please help
593:verification
590:
541:
536:
534:
524:
518:
512:
493:
485:
478:
471:
413:
410:
401:
384:
350:Mr. Fezziwig
339:
335:
319:Jacob Marley
311:Bob Cratchit
299:
279:Bah! Humbug!
268:
264:
233:
167:
166:
127:Significant
101:Portrayed by
50:
36:
20:
3719:(2017 film)
3650:Soundtracks
3422:Ms. Scrooge
2686:Radio Times
2594:Radio Times
2576:22 November
2515:9 September
2256:. pp.
2175:30 November
2150:30 November
2125:30 November
2096:30 November
2065:24 December
1760:commercials
1744:(voice) in
1690:Denny Laine
1660:Henry Lewis
1626:Jason Graae
1610:Kerry Shale
1598:Ned Dennehy
1588:BBC Radio 4
1529:Brenda Song
1486:Mark Rhodes
1396:Joe Alaskey
1354:(voice) in
1285:(voice) in
1276:Ms. Scrooge
1245:Susan Lucci
1174:Bah, Humbug
1100:Bill Murray
1073:The Jetsons
1068:Mr. Spacely
974:(voice) in
956:Rich Little
877:Rod Serling
448:his letters
285:Description
275:misanthropy
158:Nationality
122:Businessman
3762:Categories
3703:" (single)
3514:Doctor Who
3310:Television
3000:Characters
2882:required.)
2870:13 January
2838:13 January
2229:13 January
2193:Kelly 2003
2120:Grunge.com
1887:14 January
1864:References
1832:John Leech
1819:John Leech
1742:Luke Evans
1712:miniseries
1708:Guy Pearce
1603:Dickensian
1584:Neil Brand
1573:pantomime
1522:Doctor Who
1452:as Nan in
1440:Jim Carrey
1400:Daffy Duck
1342:Dean Jones
1208:Hal Linden
1163:Animaniacs
1042:Alan Young
996:Hoyt Axton
932:Paul Frees
851:Jim Backus
626:newspapers
572:Portrayals
561:Carl Barks
464:John Elwes
452:John Leech
440:Jemmy Wood
327:workhouses
258:, and the
248:redemption
119:Occupation
95:Jemmy Wood
87:John Elwes
72:Created by
2800:181675592
2759:247585901
2696:Citations
2492:0146-1672
2426:216343006
2418:2167-8510
2379:145082385
2371:1934-9637
1985:cite book
1648:episode "
1327:Ross Kemp
1283:Tim Curry
1090:John Duda
1006:Mel Blanc
895:Sid James
855:Mr. Magoo
416:Edinburgh
323:treadmill
244:Christmas
138:Relatives
105:See below
85:Possibly
55:character
3556:Musicals
3516:) (2010)
3438:Ebenezer
3291:Spirited
3171:Scrooged
3022:Tiny Tim
2790:(1843).
2750:Chartism
2747:(1840).
2737:Archived
2706:(1990).
1944:Archived
1915:30 April
1845:Chartism
1766:See also
1735:Spirited
1586:'s 2014
1571:CBeebies
1567:Andy Day
1236:Jim Dale
1105:Scrooged
531:Analysis
504:Poor Law
481:Ebenezer
391:Tiny Tim
315:chambers
303:Cornhill
82:Based on
3735:Related
3696:(comic)
3564:Scrooge
3139:Scrooge
3115:Scrooge
3099:Scrooge
3083:Scrooge
2708:Dickens
2557:Variety
1950:16 June
1758:Verizon
1704:in 2018
1674:, 2017.
1652:", 2016
1616:in the
1160:in the
1108:, 1988
952:in 1977
946:in 1973
897:in the
869:in 1964
847:, 1958.
835:in 1957
814:(voice)
740:in 1923
734:in 1916
725:Scrooge
719:Scrooge
640:scholar
456:British
407:Origins
325:or the
25:Scrooge
3669:(2011)
3661:(2009)
3642:(2021)
3634:(2017)
3626:(2007)
3618:(2004)
3610:(1988)
3602:(1844)
3583:(2002)
3575:(1994)
3567:(1992)
3548:(2019)
3540:(2016)
3532:(2013)
3524:(2012)
3505:(2009)
3497:(2006)
3489:(2004)
3481:(2004)
3473:(2004)
3465:(2000)
3457:(2000)
3449:(1999)
3441:(1998)
3433:(1998)
3425:(1997)
3417:(1995)
3409:(1994)
3401:(1988)
3393:(1984)
3385:(1982)
3377:(1979)
3369:(1979)
3361:(1978)
3353:(1978)
3345:(1964)
3337:(1962)
3329:(1954)
3321:(1949)
3302:(2022)
3294:(2022)
3286:(2020)
3278:(2012)
3270:(2011)
3262:(2009)
3254:(2009)
3246:(2008)
3238:(2008)
3230:(2006)
3222:(2005)
3214:(2004)
3206:(2003)
3198:(2001)
3190:(1997)
3182:(1992)
3174:(1988)
3166:(1983)
3158:(1979)
3150:(1971)
3142:(1970)
3134:(1960)
3126:(1953)
3118:(1951)
3110:(1938)
3102:(1935)
3094:(1916)
3086:(1913)
3078:(1910)
3070:(1908)
3062:(1901)
2939:
2918:
2897:
2876:
2815:
2798:
2776:
2757:
2714:
2490:
2424:
2416:
2377:
2369:
2264:
2051:
1973:
1834:(1843)
1821:(1843)
1808:(1868)
1772:Grinch
1750:, 2022
1738:, 2022
1726:(2021)
1714:, 2019
1695:Decker
1686:, 2017
1632:, 2016
1614:Diesel
1606:, 2015
1482:, 2010
1470:, 2009
1458:, 2009
1436:, 2008
1424:, 2008
1416:Barbie
1408:, 2006
1372:, 2003
1360:, 2001
1348:, 2001
1323:, 2000
1279:, 1997
1267:(1996)
1253:, 1995
1234:, and
1192:, 1994
1176:, 1994
1144:, 1992
1132:, 1988
1096:, 1987
1086:, 1986
1054:, 1983
1038:, 2006
1018:, 1979
1002:, 1979
992:, 1979
980:, 1978
968:, 1978
940:, 1970
919:(1982)
903:, 1969
885:(1964)
863:, 1962
728:, 1935
701:, 1908
689:(1844)
642:
635:
628:
621:
613:
565:Donald
462:named
434:man" (
271:byword
254:, the
246:, his
111:Gender
32:Humbug
3677:Other
3591:Plays
3414:Ebbie
3051:Films
2422:S2CID
2375:S2CID
1783:Notes
1519:" on
1418:) in
1402:) in
1250:Ebbie
1186:) in
1070:) in
1048:) in
1012:) in
647:JSTOR
633:books
460:miser
240:miser
129:other
2937:ISBN
2916:ISBN
2895:ISBN
2872:2016
2840:2017
2813:ISBN
2796:OCLC
2774:ISBN
2755:OCLC
2712:ISBN
2645:2016
2578:2010
2517:2023
2488:ISSN
2414:ISSN
2367:ISSN
2262:ISBN
2258:3–10
2231:2017
2177:2020
2152:2020
2127:2020
2098:2020
2067:2014
2049:ISBN
1991:link
1971:ISBN
1952:2017
1917:2016
1889:2020
1444:2009
1398:(as
1380:2004
1310:1999
1301:1998
1287:1997
1182:(as
1062:1984
1044:(as
1008:(as
927:1970
822:1954
812:1971
808:1951
799:1949
772:1938
709:1910
619:news
432:meal
385:The
114:Male
3512:" (
2989:'s
2861:doi
2617:BBC
2599:347
2480:doi
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2406:doi
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