675:
640:. Bazargan and other members of the interim government may have called for fair and open trials for those in charge of political posts under the Shah. The radical clerics, on the other hand, stated that the rapid trials and executions were essential to protect the revolution. "He was the voice of the Iranian revolution and that voice was talking about freedom, democracy and women’s rights. This was something he truly believed in and he was proven to be wrong because that’s not what the revolution turned out to be. It became a killing machine after the takeover. He protested vigorously against the judicial killings of people who had been close to Shah and that got him into trouble with people around Khomeini."
33:
3332:
496:
820:
574:
As before, Yazdi was asked to go to the embassy and resolve the crisis. He asked and received permission of
Khomeini to expel the occupiers, but shortly thereafter found out Khomeini had changed his mind and appeared on state television openly endorsed the takeover of the embassy. The entire cabinet
670:
in 1982. The war continued for an additional six years. During these six years, Yazdi and others in the
Freedom Movement issued several open letters to Ayatollah Khomeini opposing the continuation of the war. These letters and other public statements resulted in the firebombing of Yazdi's residence
692:
In
December 1997, Yazdi was arrested on unknown charges and detained in Evin prison in Tehran. Even after his release, he was barred from leaving the country for many years, and summoned on a regular basis to answer questions before the revolutionary council, with his lawyer, Nobel Prize–winning
586:
The embassy takeover is considered to have been motivated in part by an internal struggle between various factions within the revolutionary leadership, with Yazdi and
Bazargan on one side, and more radical clergy on the other. The embassy attackers, in subsequent statements indicated that one of
1713:
548:, of which Yazdi was a member, was that these attacks may be aimed at creating chaos and preventing the international recognition of the new regime. In the case of the US embassy, the attackers were successful in entering the embassy compound and taking personnel, including the US ambassador,
591:
696:
After the death of
Bazargan in January 1995, Yazdi was elected as leader of Freedom Movement of Iran. Under pressure from the revolutionary court prosecutor, Yazdi offered his resignation as FMI Leader from on 20 March 2011 to the leadership council of the FMI. They have yet to accept his
3455:
420:
and met the authorities to establish an anti-Shah organization in the country, which was later called SAMA, special organization for unity and action. Chamran was chosen as its military head before returning to the US. In 1966, Yazdi moved headquarters of SAMA to
436:
In 1975, Yazdi was tried in absentia in an
Iranian military court and condemned to ten years imprisonment, with orders issued for his arrest upon return to Iran. Because of his activities, he was unable to return to Iran and remained in the
674:
523:, until 6 November 1979. Yazdi proposed to celebrate 'Jerusalem Day' and his suggestion was endorsed by Khomeini in August 1979. Yazdi's American citizenship was revoked in 1979. In May 1980, he was appointed by Khomenei as head of the
731:
3435:
3480:
1066:
1004:
843:
Yazdi and several others were arrested on 1 October 2010 in
Isfahan for participating in an "illegal Friday prayer." All others were freed within days. Ebrahim Yazdi remained in "temporary custody"—first in
510:
where the latter had been in exile and became one of his advisors. He translated the reports of
Khomeini into English in a press conference on 3 February 1979 in Tehran. He was the deputy prime minister and
839:
website. On 22 June, he was released back to the hospital for a medical procedure. On 28 December 2009, Yazdi was arrested again in the wake of renewed protests, according to the Jaras reformist website.
632:. In contrast to Yazdi, Bazargan supported a general amnesty for all members of the Shah's regime, provided that they cease to act against the revolution. He publicly opposed the secret trials and the
1904:
3465:
3450:
3385:
3415:
666:
After the Iraqi invasion of Iran in
September 1980, Yazdi fully supported the Iranian war effort against the invasion, but opposed the continuation of the war after the Iranian victory in
605:
Among the areas of conflict between the two factions was the behavior of the
Revolutionary Courts and the Revolutionary Committees. Yazdi was present in the Revolutionary Court in the
685:
In subsequent elections in Iran for president, parliament, and city councils, Yazdi and other members of the Freedom Movement filed for candidacy but were barred from running by the
2189:
3460:
3430:
3425:
1897:
1193:
3410:
3445:
3440:
1890:
401:. Yazdi traveled to the United States in 1961 to continue his education and in the US, continued his involvement in political activities against the Shah.
3380:
2182:
587:
their primary objectives in the takeover of the US embassy in November 1979 was to force the resignation of Yazdi, Bazargan, and the entire cabinet.
3400:
901:), Jaameye Iranian Publications, 2000 (a compilation of political essays and articles by Ebrahim Yazdi published in Iranian journals from 1997–2000)
3390:
931:), Qalam Publications, 2002 (a collection of essays on the US and British led military coup against the national government of Mohammad Mossadegh)
564:
3470:
3420:
281:
165:
3475:
1375:
1176:
1043:
968:
3485:
3370:
3335:
2175:
553:
545:
394:
464:
in 1978, Yazdi also went to Neauphle-le-Château and began to serve as an advisor to the Ayatollah. He was also his spokesperson in Paris.
831:
Yazdi was arrested in December 1997 for "desecrating religious sanctities" and freed on 26 December on bail. On 17 June 2009, during the
3227:
583:, resigned in protest the next day. They stated that they opposed the embassy takeover as “contrary to the national interest of Iran”.
1336:
1112:
3395:
1954:
1913:
1780:
801:
786:
771:
753:
512:
351:
47:
3375:
2433:
1662:
1540:
1516:
1281:
693:
Shirin Ebadi. As of 2008 Yazdi is still accused of “attempting to convert the rule of velaii (jurisprudence) into democratic rule.”
576:
556:, went to the embassies and resolved the crisis, resulting in the release of embassy personnel and the departure of the attackers.
3405:
516:
481:
355:
1944:
1202:
951:), Qalam Publications, 2004 (a history and memoirs of the student movement and activities of Ebrahim Yazdi during this period)
848:
and then in a "secure" facility under the control of Iran's security forces until March 2011. He was released in April 2011.
832:
532:
The day after the victory of the revolution, on 2 February 1979, several foreign embassies in Tehran, including those of the
648:
3365:
2755:
1969:
1929:
1687:
637:
629:
416:
in 1961. They were all part of the radical external wing of the group. In 1963, Yazdi, Chamran and Ghotbzadeh went to
3096:
667:
568:
500:
473:
426:
323:
879:), Qalam Publications, 1984 (13th edition, 1999) (a report and analysis on the Iranian Islamic Revolution of 1979)
3126:
3091:
2780:
2536:
941:), Sarai Publications, Tehran, 2004 (a compilation of political essays on Iranian foreign affairs from 1980–2004)
1582:
3166:
2139:
1841:
1813:
836:
644:
367:
265:
2578:
1555:
1535:, Washington DC: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, The Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, pp. 31–32,
2970:
2765:
2333:
3161:
2531:
2328:
2263:
2233:
2014:
450:
102:
1608:
911:), Qalam Publications, Tehran, 2000 (a new interpretation of the verse of the Quran on “Marajul Bahrain”)
835:, it was reported that Yazdi was arrested while undergoing tests at the Tehran hospital according to the
3156:
3111:
2847:
2448:
651:
or parliament. Yazdi, Bazargan, and four other members of the Freedom Movement, namely Mostafa Chamran,
398:
273:
3360:
3355:
3253:
3036:
2806:
2640:
2268:
2253:
2134:
2059:
2044:
1964:
1035:
Iranian Politics and Religious Modernism: The Liberation Movement of Iran Under the Shah and Khomeini
383:
319:
1989:
3273:
3268:
3121:
2955:
2950:
2914:
2831:
2583:
2495:
2423:
2298:
2109:
2089:
2069:
2064:
560:
549:
363:
94:
2398:
1219:
1165:
Houchang Chehabi; Rula Jurdi Abisaab; Centre for Lebanese Studies (Great Britain) (2 April 2006).
590:
3298:
3263:
3101:
3031:
3021:
2826:
2665:
2408:
2308:
2283:
2124:
2114:
2104:
2039:
1833:
1262:
1254:
921:), Qalam Publications, 2001 (a new interpretation of the verses of the Quran on “Teen-e Laatheb”)
595:
446:
390:
144:
397:, and was active in this organization from 1953 to 1960. This organization opposed to the Shah,
671:
in Tehran in 1985, and the arrest and imprisonment of several members of the Freedom Movement.
3293:
3217:
3131:
3076:
3056:
2990:
2975:
2960:
2770:
2660:
2624:
2614:
2516:
2469:
2464:
2443:
2378:
2373:
2278:
2099:
2094:
2029:
1959:
1949:
1934:
1823:
1790:
1536:
1512:
1381:
1371:
1172:
1166:
1039:
1033:
974:
964:
852:
656:
633:
544:
were over-run by groups identifying themselves as leftist revolutionaries. The opinion of the
430:
297:
472:
Yazdi worked as a research assistant of pathology and research instructor of pharmacology at
3318:
3313:
3288:
3186:
3171:
3136:
3071:
3046:
3016:
3006:
2883:
2878:
2760:
2695:
2675:
2619:
2609:
2490:
2418:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2288:
2129:
2024:
2019:
1874:
1620:
1246:
686:
413:
339:
304:
3456:
Members of the Association for Defense of Freedom and the Sovereignty of the Iranian Nation
697:
resignation and Yazdi continued to function as the leader of the Freedom Movement of Iran.
3191:
3086:
3041:
2965:
2816:
2790:
2750:
2745:
2715:
2685:
2670:
2557:
2521:
2403:
2368:
2348:
2338:
2303:
2293:
2054:
1924:
1759:(Issues of the First Year of the Revolutions as Explained by Mehdi Bazargan), Tehran, 1981
860:
660:
405:
347:
252:
137:
1984:
1311:
386:. Then he received a master's degree in philosophy again from the University of Tehran.
3303:
3237:
3151:
3146:
3066:
3061:
3051:
3011:
2980:
2945:
2888:
2862:
2720:
2705:
2655:
2645:
2526:
2511:
2474:
2438:
2388:
2273:
2248:
2228:
2149:
2079:
2009:
1882:
1805:
1410:"IranWire Exclusive: Audio File of Generals' Execution Recalls the Horror of 1979 Iran"
1368:
Thirty years, 1978-2009 : a political history of Iran after the Islamic revolution
859:, Turkey, where he was under treatment. His body transferred to Iran and was buried in
622:
580:
537:
520:
359:
125:
70:
32:
3349:
3278:
3141:
3116:
2985:
2940:
2930:
2898:
2893:
2811:
2740:
2730:
2725:
2599:
2573:
2393:
2383:
2343:
2313:
2238:
2119:
2074:
2004:
1999:
1979:
1773:
1266:
614:
533:
438:
82:
1237:
Marvin Zonis (July 1983). "A Theory of Revolution From Accounts of the Revolution".
3308:
3283:
3258:
3232:
3222:
3176:
3106:
3081:
3026:
2935:
2785:
2735:
2700:
2690:
2680:
2650:
2604:
2552:
2428:
2413:
2323:
2318:
2243:
2223:
1587:
679:
606:
598:
409:
205:
1634:
3181:
2857:
2852:
2775:
2710:
2258:
2207:
2144:
1994:
1974:
845:
495:
3212:
2821:
2167:
2049:
2034:
1939:
1757:
Moshketaal va Masa’ele Av’valeen Saale Enghelaab Az Zabaane Mohandes Bazargaan
925:
Kalbod Shekaafee-ye Towte-e: Barresee-ye Kudetaa-ye Beestohasht-e Mordaad 1332
652:
618:
541:
350:
politician, pharmacist, and diplomat who served as deputy prime minister and
314:
1385:
1090:
978:
961:
Sixty Years of Perseverance and Thankfulness: The Memoirs of Dr Ebrahim Yazdi
1474:
1364:
Sī sāl : rūzʹnigār-i muṣavar-i Īrān pas az inqilāb-i Islāmī, 1357-1387
819:
1475:"Human Rights and Parliamentary Elections in the Islamic Republic of Iran"
1409:
492:
and later became a spokesman for Paris-based Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.
1370:] (Chāp-i avval ed.). Tihrān: Sāzmān-i Hunarī Risānahʹ ī-i Awj.
856:
689:, because of their opposition to policies and actions of the government.
221:
1449:
1258:
485:
477:
442:
1067:"Ebrahim Yazdi, Iranian foreign minister turned dissident, dies at 85"
1005:"Ebrahim Yazdi, Iranian foreign minister turned dissident, dies at 85"
404:
He was co-founder of the Freedom Movement of Iran, Abroad, along with
1864:
824:
610:
525:
457:
422:
379:
225:
201:
1250:
957:
Shaṣt sāl-i ṣabūrī va shakūrī : khāṭirāt-i Duktur Ibrāhīm Yazdī
1583:"Iran elections: mass arrests and campus raids as regime hits back"
818:
673:
626:
589:
507:
494:
454:
417:
663:, were elected. They served at the parliament from 1980 to 1984.
389:
After the military coup of 1953, which deposed the government of
461:
2171:
1886:
1533:
Who rules Iran?: the structure of power in the Islamic Republic
552:, captive. Yazdi, at the request of Ayatollah Khomeini and the
643:
After resignation from office, Yazdi and other members of the
3436:
Representatives of the Supreme Leader in the Keyhan Institute
1663:"Iranian Dissident, Former Foreign Minister Yazdi Dies At 86"
929:
The Anatomy of a Plot: An Analysis of the Coup of August 1953
601:(right) in February 1979. Rahimi was executed on 16 February.
362:, until his resignation in November 1979, in protest at the
3481:
Heads of political office of the Freedom Movement of Iran
1752:(Memoirs of Khalkhaali), Sayeh Publications, Tehran, 2003
1312:"Iran's 'Jerusalem Day': Behind the rallies and rhetoric"
1168:
Distant Relations: Iran and Lebanon in the Last 500 Years
571:, who had closer ties to certain revolutionary leaders.
1436:
Days of God: The Revolution in Iran and Its Consequences
563:
for a second time, this time by a group calling itself “
1020:...Dr. Yazdi, whose American citizenship was revoked...
441:
until July 1977. He became a naturalized US citizen in
103:
Deputy Prime Minister of Iran for Revolutionary Affairs
1509:
Islamism and Modernism: The Changing Discourse in Iran
1201:. New York: Penguin Books. p. 220. Archived from
885:(Third Edition), Ettela’aat Publications, Tehran, 2000
1220:"Interview with Ibrahim Yazdi, Iran Freedom Movement"
3466:
Secretaries-general of the Freedom Movement of Iran
3246:
3205:
2999:
2923:
2907:
2871:
2840:
2799:
2633:
2592:
2566:
2545:
2504:
2483:
2457:
2216:
1113:"Rescue leader at embassy was researcher at Baylor"
313:
293:
258:
248:
231:
211:
188:
183:
171:
161:
143:
131:
119:
101:
88:
76:
64:
46:
23:
3451:Movement of God-Worshipping Socialists politicians
3386:Deputies of Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr
647:ran in elections for the first post-revolutionary
490:Muslim Students Association from the United States
963:]. Tihrān: Sāzmān-i Hunarī Risānahʹ ī-i Awj.
382:on 26 September 1931. He studied pharmacy at the
3416:Members of the 1st Islamic Consultative Assembly
1688:"Ebrahim Yazdi, former Iranian politician, dies"
636:carried out by the Revolutionary Courts, led by
1511:, University of Texas Press, pp. 156–157,
1438:. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 244.
1398:Bowden, (2006). Guests of the Ayatollah, p. 93
1093:Gale Encyclopedia of the Mideast and N. Africa
429:in Houston (which before 1969 was part of the
370:. Yazdi was also a trained cancer researcher.
2183:
1898:
346:; 26 September 1931 – 27 August 2017) was an
8:
433:system) and received a PhD in biochemistry.
1450:"Ebrahim Yazdi Was a Man of Real Integrity"
949:The Iranian Student Movement from 1941–1961
16:Iranian politician and activist (1931–2017)
2190:
2176:
2168:
1905:
1891:
1883:
1762:
1635:"Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses"
998:
996:
873:Aakhareen Talaash-ha Dar Aakhareen Rooz-ha
31:
20:
3461:Members of the National Council for Peace
3431:Council of the Islamic Revolution members
3426:Naturalized citizens of the United States
1623:, ABC News, Anne Barker, 29 December 2009
1502:
1500:
891:, Matin Cultural Foundation, Tehran, 1986
625:at the same time in cooperation with the
506:In 1978, he joined Ayatollah Khomeini in
115:13 February 1979 – 12 April 1979
60:12 April 1979 – 12 November 1979
3411:Iranian expatriates in the United States
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
915:Khaak-haa-ye Rosi va Paydaayesh-e Hayaat
704:
3446:Deaths from pancreatic cancer in Turkey
3441:National Front (Iran) student activists
992:
945:Jonbesh-e Daaneshju-yi-e Iran 1320–1340
889:Mutational Changes in Generic Materials
565:Students Following the Line of the Imam
559:On 4 November 1979, the US embassy was
488:. From 1961 to 1977, Yazdi founded the
1714:"ابراهیم یزدی در بهشت زهرا دفن میشود"
1305:
1303:
1138:
1136:
1134:
567:(i.e. Ayatollah Khomeini)” and led by
366:. From 1995 until 2017, he headed the
282:Movement of God-Worshipping Socialists
1609:Daily Show interview with Yazdi's son
757:
579:, including Yazdi and Prime Minister
7:
3336:Category:Political prisoners in Iran
1914:Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Iran
1143:"Official of Iran is a US citizen".
919:Clay Minerals and the Origin of Life
482:the Veterans Administration Hospital
395:National Resistance Movement of Iran
1280:Mohammad Sahimi (3 February 2010).
343:
48:Minister of Foreign Affairs of Iran
157:28 May 1980 – 28 May 1984
14:
1633:Katzman, Kenneth (17 June 2013).
1408:Rostami, Niloufar (15 May 2021).
1310:Siavash Ardalan (1 August 2013).
851:On 27 August 2017, Yazdi died of
3381:People of the Iranian Revolution
3331:
3330:
1337:"Khomenei's hard-liners triumph"
1282:"The Ten Days That Changed Iran"
1003:Elasfar, Dara (30 August 2017),
883:Principles of Molecular Genetics
145:Member of the Parliament of Iran
3401:Prisoners and detainees of Iran
1945:Mirza Mohammad-Ali Khan Shirazi
1556:"Teheran Court Releases Critic"
1119:. Houston. AP. 14 February 1979
468:Career and political activities
393:, Yazdi joined the underground
3391:Deputy prime ministers of Iran
1642:Congressional Research Service
833:2009 Iranian election protests
480:until 1977. He also worked at
1:
3471:Former United States citizens
3421:Iranian expatriates in France
1743:Inside the Iranian Revolution
1581:Tait, Robert (17 June 2009),
649:Islamic Consultative Assembly
3476:Freedom Movement of Iran MPs
1840:Head of Political Bureau of
1667:RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty
1638:(CRS Report for US Congress)
1621:Iran 'at point of no return'
1032:Houchang E. Chehabi (1990).
3486:Political prisoners in Iran
3371:University of Tehran alumni
2756:Mohammad Seddigh Kaboudvand
2198:Political prisoners in Iran
1362:Riz̤ā, Ṭāhirʹkhānī (2012).
1171:. I.B.Tauris. p. 182.
1038:. I.B.Tauris. p. 228.
935:Docterin-e Amniyyat-e Melli
638:Ayatollah Sadegh Khalkhaali
630:Ayatollah Sadegh Khalkhaali
513:minister of foreign affairs
352:minister of foreign affairs
3502:
3097:Amir Hossein Heshmat Saran
1745:, Indiana Univ Press, 1981
1195:Paved with Good Intentions
939:National Security Doctrine
823:Ebrahim Yazdi in his last
569:Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha
501:Interim Government of Iran
474:Baylor College of Medicine
427:Baylor College of Medicine
425:. In 1967, he enrolled at
324:Baylor College of Medicine
166:Tehran, Rey and Shemiranat
3396:Foreign ministers of Iran
3327:
3127:Ali-Akbar Mousavi Khoeini
3092:Faezeh Hashemi Rafsanjani
2781:Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe
2203:
2158:
1920:
1871:
1861:
1855:
1850:
1838:
1830:
1820:
1810:
1802:
1797:
1787:
1778:
1770:
1765:
1531:Buchta, Wilfried (2000),
877:Final Efforts, Final Days
329:
241:United States (1971–1979)
179:
150:
108:
53:
42:
30:
3376:Baylor University alumni
3167:Abolghasem Sarhaddizadeh
1842:Freedom Movement of Iran
1814:Freedom Movement of Iran
1798:Party political offices
1781:Foreign minister of Iran
1507:Rajaee, Farhang (2010),
837:Freedom Movement of Iran
645:Freedom Movement of Iran
374:Early life and education
368:Freedom Movement of Iran
266:Freedom Movement of Iran
206:Imperial State of Persia
3406:Iranian revolutionaries
3228:Seyed Hossein Mousavian
2971:Mohammad Farrokhi Yazdi
2936:MohammadReza Alee Payam
2766:Mashallah Shamsolvaezin
1755:Abdolali Bazargan, ed,
955:Yazdī, Ibrāhīm (2015).
3162:Gholam Hossein Sadighi
2532:Amir Reza Nasr Azadani
2329:Amir Khosrow Dalirsani
2264:Golrokh Ebrahimi Iraee
2234:Maryam Akbari Monfared
1750:Khateraateh Khalkhaali
1434:Buchan, James (2013).
1145:The Milwaukee Sentinel
855:, at the age of 85 in
828:
682:
602:
577:the interim government
503:
3157:Abdollah Ramezanzadeh
3112:Mohammad-Reza Khatami
2848:Amir Farshad Ebrahimi
2579:Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi
2449:Sayed Ziaoddin Nabavi
1812:Secretary-General of
1192:Rubin, Barry (1980).
822:
815:Later years and death
677:
593:
554:Revolutionary Council
546:Revolutionary Council
498:
399:Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
3254:Ali Mohammad Afghani
3037:Seyyed Ebrahim Amini
2807:Mohammad Ali Dadkhah
2641:Bahman Ahmadi Amouee
2334:Dhabihu'llah Mahrami
2269:Amir Abbas Fakhravar
2254:Mahmudali Chehregani
1341:The Spokesman Review
384:University of Tehran
320:University of Tehran
3274:Mahmoud Etemadzadeh
3269:Mahmoud Dowlatabadi
3122:Mir-Hossein Mousavi
2956:Mohammad-Taqi Bahar
2951:Mehdi Akhavan-Sales
2915:Amir Emad Mirmirani
2832:Abdolfattah Soltani
2584:Mohammad Ali Taheri
2496:Amir Emad Mirmirani
2424:Ghasem Sholeh-Saadi
2299:Vida Hajebi Tabrizi
1858:Mostafa Mesbahzadeh
1208:on 21 October 2013.
1009:The Washington Post
899:The Three Republics
451:Neauphle-le-Château
364:Iran hostage crisis
95:Abolhassan Banisadr
3366:People from Qazvin
3299:Ahmad Samii Gilani
3264:Najaf Daryabandari
3102:Amir-Abbas Hoveyda
3032:Mohammad Atrianfar
3022:Abbas Amir-Entezam
2827:Mohammad Seifzadeh
2666:Mohammad Ghouchani
2409:Kavous Seyed-Emami
2309:Leila Hosseinzadeh
2284:Ali-Asghar Gharavi
1834:Abbas Amir-Entezam
1766:Political offices
1748:Sadegh Khalkhali,
1562:. 26 December 1997
1560:The New York Times
1479:Human Rights Watch
829:
683:
634:summary executions
603:
596:lieutenant general
517:interim government
504:
447:Ayatollah Khomenei
391:Mohammad Mossadegh
378:Yazdi was born in
356:interim government
3343:
3342:
3294:Fariborz Raisdana
3218:Ramin Jahanbegloo
3132:Farajollah Mizani
3077:Sadegh Ghotbzadeh
3057:Nasrollah Entezam
2991:Sedigheh Vasmaghi
2976:Khosrow Golsorkhi
2961:Keramat Daneshian
2771:Heshmat Tabarzadi
2661:Abdolali Bazargan
2625:Mohammad Rasoulof
2615:Mohammad Nourizad
2517:Ali Akbar Heidari
2470:Hengameh Ghaziani
2465:Taraneh Alidoosti
2444:Habibollah Peyman
2379:Shiva Nazar Ahari
2374:Youcef Nadarkhani
2279:Parvaneh Forouhar
2165:
2164:
1881:
1880:
1872:Succeeded by
1824:Mohammad Tavasoli
1821:Succeeded by
1791:Sadegh Ghotbzadeh
1788:Succeeded by
1377:978-964-04-9224-6
1178:978-1-86064-561-7
1045:978-1-85043-198-5
970:978-964-214-090-9
909:A Line in the Sea
853:pancreatic cancer
812:
811:
701:Electoral history
657:Hashem Sabbaghian
594:Yazdi (left) and
499:Yazdi as part of
431:Baylor University
333:
332:
298:Mohammad Tavasoli
199:26 September 1931
175:1,128,304 (52.9%)
3493:
3334:
3333:
3319:Sadegh Zibakalam
3314:Nasser Zarafshan
3289:Shahrokh Meskoob
3187:Mostafa Tajzadeh
3172:Ali Shakouri-Rad
3137:Ahmad Moftizadeh
3072:Dariush Forouhar
3047:Jila Baniyaghoob
3017:Shahrbanoo Amani
3007:Mohsen Aminzadeh
2884:Shervin Hajipour
2761:Hengameh Shahidi
2696:Elaheh Mohammadi
2676:Adnan Hassanpour
2620:Hossein Rajabian
2610:Mahnaz Mohammadi
2491:Atena Farghadani
2419:Jamshid Sharmahd
2364:Narges Mohammadi
2359:Ahmad Moftizadeh
2354:Mohsen Mirdamadi
2289:Kouhyar Goudarzi
2192:
2185:
2178:
2169:
2140:Amir-Abdollahian
1970:Nosrat-ed-Dowleh
1955:Moshir od-Dowleh
1907:
1900:
1893:
1884:
1875:Mohammad Khatami
1865:Kayhan Institute
1856:Preceded by
1831:Preceded by
1803:Preceded by
1771:Preceded by
1763:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1694:. 28 August 2017
1684:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1639:
1630:
1624:
1618:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1504:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1405:
1399:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1200:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1162:
1149:
1148:
1147:. 15 March 1979.
1140:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1109:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1015:
1000:
982:
905:Khatti Dar Darya
705:
687:Guardian Council
550:William Sullivan
414:Sadegh Qotbzadeh
345:
309:
305:Mehdi Noorbakhsh
302:
301:(brother-in-law)
286:
278:
270:
218:
198:
196:
184:Personal details
155:
134:
122:
113:
91:
79:
67:
58:
35:
21:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3490:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3323:
3242:
3201:
3192:Mansour Osanlou
3087:Bahareh Hedayat
3042:Emadeddin Baghi
2995:
2966:Arzhang Davoodi
2919:
2903:
2879:Dariush Eghbali
2867:
2836:
2817:Nasrin Sotoudeh
2795:
2791:Ahmad Zeidabadi
2751:Mohsen Sazegara
2746:Kianush Sanjari
2716:Siamak Pourzand
2686:Masoud Lavasani
2671:Niloofar Hamedi
2629:
2588:
2562:
2558:Sattar Beheshti
2541:
2522:Mohammad Karimi
2500:
2479:
2453:
2404:Fatemeh Sepehri
2369:Abdollah Momeni
2349:Farideh Mashini
2339:Mohammad Maleki
2304:Saeed Hajjarian
2294:Zeynab Jalalian
2212:
2199:
2196:
2166:
2161:
2154:
1925:Neshat Esfahani
1916:
1911:
1877:
1868:
1859:
1845:
1836:
1826:
1817:
1808:
1793:
1784:
1776:
1738:
1733:
1732:
1722:
1720:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1697:
1695:
1692:Tehrantimes.com
1686:
1685:
1681:
1671:
1669:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1646:
1644:
1637:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1619:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1594:
1592:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1565:
1563:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1543:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1519:
1506:
1505:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1485:(1). March 1996
1473:
1472:
1468:
1458:
1456:
1454:IranWire | خانه
1448:
1447:
1443:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1418:
1416:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1378:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1344:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1320:
1318:
1309:
1308:
1301:
1291:
1289:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1251:10.2307/2010391
1236:
1235:
1231:
1224:Financial Times
1218:
1217:
1213:
1205:
1198:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1179:
1164:
1163:
1152:
1142:
1141:
1132:
1122:
1120:
1111:
1110:
1097:
1089:
1085:
1075:
1073:
1071:Washington Post
1065:
1064:
1060:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1013:
1011:
1002:
1001:
994:
989:
971:
954:
869:
861:Behesht-e Zahra
817:
703:
661:Yadollah Sahabi
470:
406:Mostafa Chamran
376:
322:
307:
303:
300:
289:
284:
276:
268:
259:Political party
244:
220:
216:
200:
194:
192:
156:
151:
138:Mostafa Chamran
132:
120:
114:
109:
89:
77:
65:
59:
54:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3499:
3497:
3489:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3348:
3347:
3341:
3340:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3304:Brayim Younisi
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3238:Kian Tajbakhsh
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3152:Reza Radmanesh
3149:
3147:Abdollah Nouri
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3067:Hossein Fatemi
3064:
3062:Iraj Eskandari
3059:
3054:
3052:Mehdi Bazargan
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3012:Morteza Alviri
3009:
3003:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2981:Morteza Keyvan
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2946:Piruz Dilanchi
2943:
2938:
2933:
2927:
2925:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2889:Mehdi Rajabian
2886:
2881:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2865:
2863:Hamid Pourmand
2860:
2855:
2850:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2721:Hossein Rafiee
2718:
2713:
2708:
2706:Said Matinpour
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2656:Masoud Bastani
2653:
2648:
2646:Mahsa Amrabadi
2643:
2637:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2596:
2594:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2555:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2527:Hossein Mahini
2524:
2519:
2514:
2512:Voria Ghafouri
2508:
2506:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2493:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2475:Katayoun Riahi
2472:
2467:
2461:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2439:Majid Tavakoli
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2389:Alireza Rajaei
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2274:Alireza Farshi
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2249:Esmail Bakhshi
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2229:Raheleh Ahmadi
2226:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2187:
2180:
2172:
2163:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1965:Nasrullah Khan
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1912:
1910:
1909:
1902:
1895:
1887:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1870:
1860:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1851:Media offices
1848:
1847:
1837:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1819:
1809:
1806:Mehdi Bazargan
1804:
1800:
1799:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1786:
1777:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1753:
1746:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1705:
1679:
1654:
1625:
1613:
1611:, 22 June 2009
1601:
1573:
1547:
1541:
1523:
1517:
1496:
1466:
1441:
1426:
1400:
1391:
1376:
1354:
1343:. AP. May 1980
1328:
1299:
1272:
1245:(4): 586–606.
1239:World Politics
1229:
1211:
1184:
1177:
1150:
1130:
1095:
1083:
1058:
1044:
1024:
991:
990:
988:
985:
984:
983:
969:
952:
942:
932:
922:
912:
902:
892:
886:
880:
868:
867:Selected works
865:
816:
813:
810:
809:
804:
799:
795:
794:
789:
784:
780:
779:
774:
769:
765:
764:
759:
756:
751:
747:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
729:
725:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
702:
699:
623:defense lawyer
581:Mehdi Bazargan
538:United Kingdom
521:Mehdi Bazargan
469:
466:
445:in 1971. When
375:
372:
360:Mehdi Bazargan
331:
330:
327:
326:
317:
311:
310:
295:
291:
290:
288:
287:
279:
274:National Front
271:
262:
260:
256:
255:
250:
246:
245:
243:
242:
239:
235:
233:
229:
228:
219:(aged 85)
215:27 August 2017
213:
209:
208:
190:
186:
185:
181:
180:
177:
176:
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
148:
147:
141:
140:
135:
129:
128:
126:Mehdi Bazargan
123:
121:Prime Minister
117:
116:
106:
105:
99:
98:
92:
86:
85:
80:
74:
73:
71:Mehdi Bazargan
68:
66:Prime Minister
62:
61:
51:
50:
44:
43:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3498:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3338:
3337:
3326:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3279:Ahmad Mahmoud
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3198:
3197:Ebrahim Yazdi
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3142:Behzad Nabavi
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3117:Khalil Maleki
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3002:
2998:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2986:Ahmad Shamlou
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2941:Mona Borzouei
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2931:Baktash Abtin
2929:
2928:
2926:
2922:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2906:
2900:
2899:Mehdi Yarrahi
2897:
2895:
2894:Toomaj Salehi
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2870:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2812:Saleh Kamrani
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2741:Faraj Sarkohi
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2731:Roxana Saberi
2729:
2727:
2726:Taghi Rahmani
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2600:Keywan Karimi
2598:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2574:Nasser Fahimi
2572:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
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1736:Other sources
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1288:. Los Angeles
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1091:Ibrahim Yazdi
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534:United States
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336:Ebrahim Yazdi
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83:Karim Sanjabi
81:
75:
72:
69:
63:
57:
52:
49:
45:
41:
37:Yazdi in 1979
34:
29:
25:Ebrahim Yazdi
22:
19:
3329:
3309:Kourosh Zaim
3284:Abbas Milani
3259:Bozorg Alavi
3233:Ehsan Tabari
3223:Omid Kokabee
3196:
3177:Ali Shariati
3107:Anvar Khamei
3082:Mehdi Hajati
3027:Mohsen Armin
2786:Ruhollah Zam
2736:Majid Saeedi
2701:Sam Mahmoudi
2691:Saeed Laylaz
2681:Zahra Kazemi
2651:Ahmad Batebi
2605:Jafar Panahi
2553:Soheil Arabi
2537:Navid Afkari
2434:Ali Shariati
2429:Abbas Lisani
2414:Reza Shahabi
2399:Mahan Sadrat
2324:Amir Khorram
2319:Jafar Kazemi
2244:Emad Bahavar
2224:Habib Afkari
2084:
2045:Ghods-Nakhai
2040:Sharif-Emami
1862:
1839:
1811:
1779:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1721:. Retrieved
1717:
1708:
1696:. Retrieved
1691:
1682:
1670:. Retrieved
1666:
1657:
1645:. Retrieved
1641:
1628:
1616:
1604:
1593:, retrieved
1588:The Guardian
1586:
1576:
1564:. Retrieved
1559:
1550:
1532:
1526:
1508:
1487:. Retrieved
1482:
1478:
1469:
1457:. Retrieved
1453:
1444:
1435:
1429:
1417:. Retrieved
1413:
1403:
1394:
1367:
1363:
1357:
1345:. Retrieved
1340:
1331:
1319:. Retrieved
1315:
1290:. Retrieved
1285:
1275:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1223:
1214:
1203:the original
1194:
1187:
1167:
1144:
1121:. Retrieved
1117:Toledo Blade
1116:
1086:
1074:. Retrieved
1070:
1061:
1049:. Retrieved
1034:
1027:
1019:
1012:, retrieved
1008:
960:
956:
948:
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938:
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924:
918:
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904:
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807:Disqualified
806:
792:Disqualified
791:
777:Disqualified
776:
762:Disqualified
761:
695:
691:
684:
680:Fidel Castro
668:Khorramshahr
665:
642:
615:interrogator
607:Alavi School
604:
599:Mehdi Rahimi
585:
573:
558:
531:
529:newspaper.
524:
505:
489:
471:
435:
410:Ali Shariati
403:
388:
377:
344:ابراهیم یزدی
335:
334:
308:(son-in-law)
217:(2017-08-27)
162:Constituency
152:
133:Succeeded by
110:
90:Succeeded by
55:
18:
3361:2017 deaths
3356:1931 births
3182:Mahdi Tajik
3000:Politicians
2858:Akbar Ganji
2853:Saeed Emami
2776:Roya Toloui
2711:Kasra Nouri
2634:Journalists
2259:Atena Daemi
2100:Khodapanahi
895:Seh Jumhuri
846:Evin prison
269:(1961–2017)
249:Nationality
232:Citizenship
78:Preceded by
3350:Categories
3213:Taqi Arani
3206:Scientists
2908:Programmer
2822:Shadi Sadr
2593:Filmmakers
2095:Ghotbzadeh
2060:Khalatbari
1940:Amir Kabir
1869:1979–1981
1846:1979–1995
1818:1995–2017
987:References
732:Parliament
678:Yazdi and
653:Ahmad Sadr
619:prosecutor
561:taken over
542:Yugoslavia
315:Alma mater
195:1931-09-26
2872:Musicians
2217:Activists
1723:30 August
1698:30 August
1672:30 August
1566:13 August
1489:27 August
1414:Iran Wire
1386:883904116
1321:13 August
1267:155864143
1123:13 August
1076:30 August
1051:27 August
979:922639770
802:President
787:President
772:President
754:President
736:1,128,304
449:moved to
294:Relatives
285:(1947–53)
277:(1953–61)
153:In office
111:In office
56:In office
2841:Military
2546:Bloggers
2505:Athletes
2150:Araghchi
2115:Velayati
2090:Banisadr
2080:Bazargan
1863:Head of
1647:3 August
1591:, London
1419:16 March
1347:4 August
1014:25 March
711:Election
455:Parisian
172:Majority
97:(acting)
3247:Writers
2800:Lawyers
2567:Doctors
2484:Artists
2145:Bagheri
2125:Mottaki
2120:Kharazi
2110:Mousavi
2075:Sanjabi
2030:Ardalan
2025:Entezam
1975:Soheili
1718:Ilna.ir
1595:18 June
1459:13 July
1292:30 July
1259:2010391
827:in 2017
515:in the
486:Houston
478:Houston
460:, from
443:Houston
354:in the
348:Iranian
340:Persian
253:Iranian
2458:Actors
2208:Prison
2160:Acting
2130:Salehi
2065:Afshar
2055:Zahedi
2020:Zahedi
2015:Meftah
2010:Fatemi
2000:Kazemi
1990:Salehi
1960:Ansari
1950:Ansari
1935:Aghasi
1539:
1515:
1384:
1374:
1265:
1257:
1175:
1042:
977:
967:
825:Norouz
723:Notes
659:, and
621:, and
611:Tehran
540:, and
536:, the
526:Kayhan
458:suburb
423:Beirut
412:, and
380:Qazvin
226:Turkey
202:Qazvin
2924:Poets
2135:Zarif
2105:Rajai
2085:Yazdi
2005:Navab
1930:Ilchi
1785:1979
1366:[
1263:S2CID
1255:JSTOR
1206:(PDF)
1199:(PDF)
959:[
857:İzmir
742:15th
714:Votes
627:judge
508:Paris
418:Egypt
222:İzmir
2050:Aram
2035:Aram
1995:Rais
1985:Ala'
1980:Alam
1725:2017
1700:2017
1674:2017
1649:2013
1597:2009
1568:2013
1537:ISBN
1513:ISBN
1491:2013
1461:2021
1421:2023
1382:OCLC
1372:ISBN
1349:2013
1323:2013
1294:2013
1173:ISBN
1125:2013
1078:2017
1053:2013
1040:ISBN
1016:2020
975:OCLC
965:ISBN
798:2005
783:1997
768:1993
750:1989
745:Won
739:52.9
728:1980
720:Rank
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238:Iran
212:Died
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