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6 p.m. The museum is closed to the public on
Mondays and it is closed from 2:30 p.m. to 5 p.m. on Thursdays. The museum is located on Rivoli court. The permanent collection explores the lives of the Saint-Cyrien from the end of the ancient regime to today. The collection shows the evolution of the uniform, personal objects, artwork, authentic documents, arms, clothing and family relics.
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The museum is open to the public
Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday mornings from 10 a.m. – 12 a.m. to group tours and afternoons to the public on Tuesday, Wednesday and Friday from 2:30 p.m. – 5 p.m. On the weekend, the museum is open to the public from 10 a.m. – 12 a.m. and from 2 p.m. –
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As all officers obtain a college major upon graduation, military and leadership education is nested with academic instruction. The course is three years long and covers academic training, military strategy and theory, practice of war, training, physical training and leadership and organisational
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worn on less formal occasions. Red fringed epaulettes are worn by cadets and yellow by cadet-officers. This traditional uniform was worn by both cadets and instructors at Saint-Cyr from 1845 until 1914 and then again from 1930 until 1939. After World War II it was again adopted in 1949.
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1964:
833:. While the plumes were not at first welcomed by the cadets, they have become a symbol of Saint-Cyr. The Saint-Cyr cadets of the class of 1913–14, graduating ahead of time with the outbreak of World War I, reportedly vowed to lead their platoons in battle wearing the
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878:, which took place on 2 December 1805 and has been celebrated ever since. 2 December, nicknamed "2S" by the Saint-Cyr cadets, is the date of many Saint-Cyr related celebrations in the Army proper or among the alumni associations made up of graduates of the school.
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The various steps of the cadets' formation are celebrated in various ceremonies, all performed during nighttime. At the beginning of the first year, after boot camp, the cadets are welcomed with shakos granted to them by the third-year cadets. This is called the
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The first-year involves military training and academics. The last two years focus on academics with one to three week breaks for military training. Officer cadets at St-Cyr are commissioned officers. The cadets attend school from
September to July.
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Cadets are recruited through a national annual competitive exam, after previous tertiary education. French students take exams on general knowledge, aptitude and intelligence; sit for an interview and pass a test of physical ability.
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681:(EMCTA), devoted to the formation of administrative specialist officers and generals. The school admitted its first female cadets in 1983 and underwent a minor reform in 2002 devised to broaden the diversity of its recruitment.
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created the Prince
Imperial division for family members, It remained stationed in Saint-Cyr-l'École after Napoleon's deposition and through all regime changes until 1940. After the defeat of the
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French students who enter Saint-Cyr as cadets are about 21 years old, and undergo three years of training. All ESM cadets graduate with a Master of Arts or a Master of
Science and are
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from a senior officer. At the end of the third and final year, the cadets are promoted to the rank of lieutenant and receive their new insignia in a ceremony called the "triumph" (
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in a university. The exams propose optional pathways. Maths/science was traditionally the preferred entrance path but today economics and philosophy/literature are also common.
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or "small night". At the end of the first year, the cadets are presented with the Casoar (the red and white plumes on their shakos) and with their officer's sword. This is the
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Since 1802, 65,000 Saint-Cyriens have been trained, along with 2,000 international cadets. Of the French graduates 9,639 died on the field of battle. Alumni also count 11
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Using authentic battle gear and uniforms of the period, re-enactments of famous battles and ceremonies are regularly staged. The most famous of these is the
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914:) : These saint-cyriens are recruited after graduate education (master's degree). They will follow only the last year of Saint-Cyr training.
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743:" ("They study for the Defence of the Fatherland"). The Napoleonic version was used again from 1848 to 1870. That motto was next changed to "
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or "big night". At the end of the second year, cadets are officially commissioned second lieutenants. This is celebrated in the "baptism" (
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Rinaldo D. Amipage, page 25, "World
Uniforms in Colour. Volume 1 The European Nations", SBN 85059 031 0, Patrick Stevens Ltd London 1970
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1404:(b. 1935): French general commanding the United Nations Forces in Bosnia (1992–1993) and a Member of the European Parliament until 2009
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665:(ESM), devoted to the training of direct-recruitment officers, recruited through an annual national competitive exam, and the
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408:, literally meaning "They study to vanquish" or, more freely put, "Training for victory". French cadet officers are called
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801:) a special uniform, derived from the 1845 Regulations Infantry Officer Dress. This dress incorporates a dark-blue tunic,
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and join the specialist school of the branch they select for one additional year, before being assigned to a
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Saint-Cyr has remained there to this day. A reform in 1961 split the school into two entities: the current
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Christian Benoit "Les saint-cyriens entrant en guerre", pages 44–49 "Armes
Militaria" no 259 Fevrier 2007
1064:(1813–1896): Military Commander of Bolivia's 5th Division during War of the Pacific, President of Bolivia
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1575:"Les écoles de Saint-Cyr Coëtquidan / Site Saint Cyr Coëtquidan – Les écoles de Saint-Cyr Coëtquidan"
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747:" ("Honour and Fatherland") until 1918, when it reverted again to the original Napoleonic wording.
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739:" ("They study to overcome/conquer/win"), was changed by the restoration king, Louis XVIII, to: "
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1410:(1827–1870): Paraguayan President and Military Leader during the War of the Triple Alliance
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and thus the Corps of Cadets is structured as a regiment. The 1st-year students (rank of
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The school trained a large number of young officers and generals who served during the
232:(undergraduate degree in a military or civilian preparatory college is a prerequisite)
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1500:"Loi générale sur l'instruction publique du 1er mai 1802 (11 Floréal An X), Titre VI"
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Government of the French
Republic (Napoléon Bonaparte, First Consul) (1 May 1802).
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Jean-Pierre Baly, page 17 "La
Gazette des Uniformes", no 193, Juillet-Aout 2001
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after
Bonaparte was proclaimed emperor, it moved in 1808 to Saint-Cyr-l'École (
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and settled in the somewhat remote and isolated military camp of Coëtquidan,
287:
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2049:
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866:). This ceremony is also the time of solemn proclamation of the class name.
610:
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1549:
1258:(1903–1968): class of 1936, Chinese general in the Second Sino-Japanese War
789:, 1928–30 Class). Since 1934, every class also chooses a special insignia.
351:
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1617:
Jean-Pierre Baly, page 9 "La Gazette des Uniformes", no 154, Mai-Juin 1995
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Upon graduation, cadets are awarded the diploma of Saint-Cyr, which is a
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259:
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1522:"Décret du 1er juillet 2019 portant affectations d'officiers généraux"
2656:
1929:
677:(NCO) ranks and reserve officer ranks) and added a third entity, the
367:, literally the "Special Military School of Saint-Cyr") is a French
777:, "of the Stars", for the first one), the name of a famous battle (
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1822:
1035:
806:
529:
517:
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In addition, a number of foreign students are admitted annually.
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for the 1855–56 Class), the name of a famous soldier or general (
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389:
255:
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1546:"Modern Languages – Norwich University College of Liberal Arts"
1569:
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in 1944, the school was reunited under the command of General
29:
3403:
General Tadeusz Kościuszko Military University of Land Forces
858:) of the class, a ceremony in which every cadet receive the
635:'s command, albeit under British supervision and guidance.
510:
The colonel, supervisor of the Cadets' studies, during the
1034:(1897–1976): Chief of Staff and Minister of Defense of
457:. It was moved in 1806 to the buildings of the former
773:) of Saint-Cyr chooses a name. It can be a nickname (
498:
Dormitory "Sébastopol" at Saint-Cyr, photographed by
3318:
General Jonas Žemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania
1246:(1909–1983): class of 1933, Luxembourgian politician
934:
Each promotion (class) of the ESM is organised as a
3541:
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3346:
3250:
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3162:
3151:
3126:
3115:
3085:
3074:
3049:
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679:École Militaire du Corps Technique et Administratif
673:), cadets from internal recruitment (selected from
347:
331:
311:
303:
246:
236:
223:
213:
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183:
173:
161:
148:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2925:Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management
2916:Institut national des postes et télécommunications
964:. The Reserve Officers, Special Duty Officers and
2863:Union des industries et métiers de la métallurgie
1520:Government of the French Republic (1 July 2019).
1200:(1911–1998): class of 1937, diplomat, sinologist
486:, seat of the Academy from 1808 to 1940, now in
3378:École des officiers de la gendarmerie nationale
3199:Institut des hautes études de défense nationale
3170:École des officiers de la gendarmerie nationale
2956:Bilan d'aptitude délivré par les grandes écoles
1088:(1858–1914): youngest French general to die in
895:) : Recruitment occurs after two years of
654:" (old school) had been severely damaged by an
813:and trouser stripes are light blue, as is the
741:Ils s'instruisent pour la Défense de la Patrie
3225:
2992:
1664:
1540:
1538:
8:
3649:Educational institutions established in 1802
2930:École supérieure des communications de Tunis
994:Graduates leave the school with the rank of
534:The 1st rank of the first company of cadets.
132:
3041:École nationale des sous-officiers d'active
2912:HEC Management School – University of Liège
1425:(b. 1989): class of 2011, suspected German
3654:Training establishments of the French Army
3232:
3218:
3210:
3159:
3123:
3082:
3020:
2999:
2985:
2977:
1671:
1657:
1649:
433:(EdG) (School of Warfare), located in the
131:
3273:Vasil Levski National Military University
968:trained at the ESM in short sessions are
727:in Britain, including student exchanges.
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
3573:German Air Force Officer Training School
3338:Joint Services Command and Staff College
3185:Directorate of Higher Military Education
1645:2016-05-16 at the Portuguese Web Archive
1418:Chief of the Defence Staff of the Armies
897:classes préparatoires aux grandes écoles
797:Cadets of Saint-Cyr wear in full dress (
658:bombing during the Libération campaign.
1490:
69:"École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr"
1106:(1891–1949) (a classmate of de Gaulle)
1049:(1906–1985): Military Chief of Staff,
3639:École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr
3533:United States Merchant Marine Academy
3368:École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr
3313:National University of Public Service
3031:École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr
805:(red skirts for female cadets) and a
663:École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr
540:École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr
379:
361:École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr
134:École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr
18:Ecole Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr
7:
3669:Buildings and structures in Morbihan
3413:Nicolae Bălcescu Land Forces Academy
1360:Joaan bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
981:Strategy and International Relations
58:adding citations to reliable sources
2887:National School of Mineral Industry
3293:Dr. Franjo Tuđman Military Academy
2882:École Hassania des travaux publics
1383:(1890–1989): class of 1923, first
1240:(1860–1920): French general in WWI
1058:(1868–1919): Mexican revolutionary
564:École Spéciale Impériale Militaire
25:
3588:Royal Norwegian Air Force Academy
3528:United States Coast Guard Academy
3288:Royal Military College Saint-Jean
2843:École de design Nantes Atlantique
809:with red and white plumes. Tunic
601:in 1940, the school moved to the
3613:Royal Air Force College Cranwell
3603:Air Force Academy 'Henri Coanda'
3428:Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
3278:Royal Military College of Canada
3268:Georgi Rakovski Military Academy
1129:Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque
1099:President of the French Republic
725:Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
717:Royal Military College of Canada
140:
34:
3618:United States Air Force Academy
3503:Mircea cel Bătrân Naval Academy
821:The shako plumes are nicknamed
550:according to the then-official
242:Equivalent of a master's degree
45:needs additional citations for
3558:Royal Danish Air Force Academy
3453:Nikola Vaptsarov Naval Academy
3433:United States Military Academy
3323:Koninklijke Militaire Academie
2935:Technical University of Madrid
2622:European Business School Paris
1397:Imperial Iranian Army Aviation
1328:Aimable Jean Jacques Pélissier
1314:military of the Ottoman Empire
1076:(1874—1943): graduated in 1896
737:Ils s'instruisent pour vaincre
721:United States Military Academy
715:The school has links with the
570:) in the castle of the former
406:Ils s'instruisent pour vaincre
371:, and is often referred to as
153:Ils s'instruisent pour vaincre
1:
3659:1802 establishments in France
3568:École de l'air et de l'espace
3518:Britannia Royal Naval College
3488:Royal Norwegian Naval Academy
3363:Royal Danish Military Academy
3062:High Mountain Military School
2892:Louvain School of Engineering
1680:Conférence des Grandes écoles
1212:(1888–1967): class of 1912,
1150:Ettore Perrone di San Martino
605:, in the south of France, in
578:disbanded at the time of the
416:. France's other most senior
3644:Military academies of France
3598:Portuguese Air Force Academy
3283:Royal Danish Defence College
3103:École militaire de la flotte
1640:Official website (in French)
1131:(1902–1947): class of 1924,
1097:(1890–1970): class of 1912,
735:Napoleon's original motto, "
574:, a school for girls of the
572:Maison royale de Saint-Louis
512:Bastille Day Military Parade
484:Lycée militaire de Saint-Cyr
460:Maison Royale de Saint-Louis
418:military education institute
3593:Polish Air Force University
3523:United States Naval Academy
3308:National Defence University
3007:Écoles militaires of France
2489:Télécom Physique Strasbourg
1086:Achille Pierre Deffontaines
1082:(1883–1940): French general
1019:(1930–now): Iranian general
910:Interview and record exam (
621:territory) and part in the
449:The academy was founded in
3685:
3578:Hellenic Air Force Academy
3458:Royal Danish Naval Academy
3398:Norwegian Military Academy
3393:Military Academy of Modena
3373:École militaire interarmes
3118:French Air and Space Force
3036:École militaire interarmes
1478:École supérieure de guerre
1465:École militaire interarmes
1416:(b. 1962): class of 1987,
1395:(1927–1979): commander of
1377:(1867–1965): class of 1897
1342:(1918–2013): class of 1939
1336:(1844–1921): class of 1862
1276:(1808–1893): class of 1827
1262:Louis II, Prince of Monaco
1252:(1884–1975): class of 1907
1188:(1858–1916): class of 1876
1177:Jean de Lattre de Tassigny
1173:(1863–1940): class of 1884
1158:(1919–1967): class of 1940
1152:(1789–1849): class of 1806
1146:(1913–1948): class of 1933
1144:Gabriel Brunet de Sairigné
1125:(1856–1942): class of 1876
1070:(1809–1895): class of 1828
1068:François Certain Canrobert
1043:(1915–1990): class of 1935
667:École Militaire Interarmes
546:on 1 May 1802 (the Law of
3608:Turkish Air Force Academy
3483:Royal Dutch Naval College
3388:Hellenic Military Academy
3333:Military Academy Karlberg
3303:Estonian Military Academy
2853:Université Paris-Dauphine
1803:École des ponts ParisTech
1719:Arts et Métiers ParisTech
1455:(EdG) (School of Warfare)
1164:(b. 1951) : Head of
970:France's Fourth Battalion
954:France's Second Battalion
952:– Officer Designate) are
899:, like most other French
769:Since 1829, every class (
628:Cadets de la France Libre
139:
3498:Naval School of Portugal
3423:Turkish Military Academy
3418:General Military Academy
3139:École militaire de l'air
1388:Polish People's Republic
1238:François-Henry Laperrine
1123:Louis Franchet d'Espérey
962:France's First Battalion
956:and third-year (rank of
944:France's Third Battalion
837:on their service kepis.
765:Class names and insignia
675:non-commissioned officer
542:was created by order of
3328:Central Defence Academy
1219:Arthur Constantin Krebs
1023:Zine El Abidine Ben Ali
27:French military academy
3508:Naval Military Academy
3473:Hellenic Naval Academy
3263:Royal Military Academy
2920:Polytechnique Montréal
2897:Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech
2552:Emlyon Business School
2457:Institut Mines-Télécom
1709:Bordeaux Sciences Agro
1408:Francisco Solano López
1362:(b. 1986): son of the
1017:Hushang Amini Isfahani
960:– 2nd Lieutenant) are
723:(West Point), and the
556:École Royale Militaire
552:revolutionary calendar
535:
527:
515:
503:
491:
219:Général Patrick Collet
168:They study to vanquish
3664:Education in Brittany
3583:Accademia Aeronautica
3513:Turkish Naval Academy
3478:Italian Naval Academy
3383:Army Training Schools
3298:University of Defence
3057:École de l'infanterie
1440:Ecole de Guerre-Terre
1381:Michał Rola-Żymierski
1286:(1903–1918); King of
1282:(1844–1921): King of
893:concours sur épreuves
698:, six members of the
692:French heads of state
644:de Lattre de Tassigny
533:
521:
509:
497:
482:
444:commissioned officers
377:French pronunciation:
163:Motto in English
3493:Polish Naval Academy
3258:Armed Forces Academy
3154:National Gendarmerie
2940:University of Lisbon
2848:Sciences Po Grenoble
2602:ESCP Business School
1427:right-wing terrorist
1393:Manouchehr Khosrodad
1294:Dragoljub Mihailović
1027:President of Tunisia
946:, 2nd-year (rank of
876:Battle of Austerlitz
799:grand uniforme or GU
640:Libération of France
384:). It is located in
54:improve this article
3468:Mürwik Naval School
3098:École de maistrance
2872:Universities abroad
2035:École Polytechnique
1552:on 12 November 2012
1369:Jean-Etienne Valluy
1302:(1900–1985): writer
1244:Guillaume Konsbruck
1186:Charles de Foucauld
1138:Hélie de Saint Marc
912:concours sur titres
687:Maréchaux de France
439:complex, in Paris.
284: /
136:
3244:military academies
3050:Specialist schools
2961:Mastère spécialisé
2949:Accredited degrees
2793:ENSCI–Les Ateliers
2572:ESC Bretagne Brest
2261:Institut d'optique
1414:François Lecointre
1306:Hüseyin Nâzım Paşa
1250:Paul Legentilhomme
1198:Jacques Guillermaz
1171:Adolphe Guillaumat
1110:Henri Hay De Slade
903:, or a three-year
701:Académie Française
554:), to replace the
544:Napoleon Bonaparte
536:
528:
516:
504:
492:
288:47.9453°N 2.1522°W
3626:
3625:
3563:Air Force Academy
3207:
3206:
3178:
3177:
3147:
3146:
3111:
3110:
3070:
3069:
2974:
2973:
2090:ESIEE Engineering
1402:Philippe Morillon
1334:Peter I of Serbia
1323:Marshal of France
1280:Peter I of Serbia
1214:Marshal of France
1181:Marshal of France
1133:Marshal of France
1104:Jacques de Sieyes
1095:Charles de Gaulle
1080:Marcel Deslaurens
785:, 1923–25 Class,
745:Honneur et Patrie
633:General de Gaulle
465:Saint-Cyr-l'École
357:
356:
322: White
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
3676:
3408:Military Academy
3234:
3227:
3220:
3211:
3163:Initial training
3160:
3127:Initial training
3124:
3086:Initial training
3083:
3024:Initial training
3021:
3001:
2994:
2987:
2978:
2763:ENS Paris-Saclay
2524:Business schools
2385:Clermont-Ferrand
1724:Chimie ParisTech
1699:Agrocampus Ouest
1673:
1666:
1659:
1650:
1627:
1624:
1618:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1600:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1577:. Archived from
1571:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1548:. Archived from
1542:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1495:
1454:
1274:Patrice MacMahon
1225:Auguste Lahoulle
558:then located in
431:
383:
381:[sɛ̃siʁ]
378:
369:military academy
327:
326: Blue
323:
319:
299:
298:
296:
295:
294:
293:47.9453; -2.1522
289:
285:
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281:
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199:
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178:Military college
157:
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137:
125:
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62:
38:
30:
21:
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3549:
3546:
3537:
3444:
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3342:
3246:
3238:
3208:
3203:
3194:École Militaire
3174:
3143:
3107:
3066:
3045:
3008:
3005:
2975:
2970:
2944:
2867:
2716:
2518:
2375:Annecy-Chambéry
2229:Hauts-de-France
2110:ESPCI ParisTech
2020:ENSTA ParisTech
1985:ENSG-Géomatique
1970:ENSEIRB-MATMECA
1960:ENSCBP Bordeaux
1915:ENSAE ParisTech
1873:Mines ParisTech
1843:École des mines
1682:
1677:
1636:
1631:
1630:
1625:
1621:
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1598:
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1526:
1524:
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1514:
1504:
1502:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1459:École militaire
1448:
1446:École de guerre
1436:
1431:
1423:Franco Albrecht
1346:Haj Ali Razmara
1319:Philippe Pétain
1296:: class of 1930
1204:Sardar Homayoun
1192:Joseph Gallieni
1062:Narciso Campero
1012:
989:military degree
977:master's degree
958:sous-lieutenant
924:
891:Standard test (
884:
872:
843:
795:
767:
762:
753:
733:
710:Catholic Church
650:, because the "
607:Aix-en-Provence
587:Napoleonic Wars
576:French nobility
548:11 Floréal an X
488:Camp Coëtquidan
477:
436:École militaire
425:
423:École de guerre
376:
325:
321:
318: Red
317:
292:
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286:
283:
278:
275:
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195:
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187:1 May 1802
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3141:
3136:
3134:École de l'air
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3089:
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2599:
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2579:
2577:La Rochelle BS
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2464:
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2452:SIGMA Clermont
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2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2370:Polytech Group
2367:
2366:
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2360:
2355:
2350:
2348:ENSTA Bretagne
2345:
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2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1932:
1927:
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1897:
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1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1840:
1835:
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1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1808:École de l'air
1805:
1800:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1778:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1749:École centrale
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1704:Agro ParisTech
1701:
1695:
1693:
1690:grandes écoles
1684:
1683:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1668:
1661:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1635:
1634:External links
1632:
1629:
1628:
1619:
1610:
1601:
1592:
1581:on 16 May 2016
1563:
1534:
1512:
1489:
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1462:
1456:
1443:
1442:(EDG-T), Paris
1435:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1420:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1390:
1385:marshal of the
1378:
1375:Maxime Weygand
1372:
1366:
1357:
1350:Prime Minister
1343:
1340:Lucien Poirier
1337:
1331:
1325:
1316:
1310:Chief of Staff
1303:
1297:
1291:
1277:
1271:
1268:Hubert Lyautey
1265:
1259:
1253:
1247:
1241:
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1195:
1189:
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1135:
1126:
1120:
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1101:
1092:
1083:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1056:Felipe Ángeles
1053:
1044:
1038:
1032:Abdullah Atfeh
1029:
1020:
1013:
1011:
1010:Notable alumni
1008:
1004:platoon leader
1002:to serve as a
940:élève-officier
923:
920:
916:
915:
908:
901:Grandes écoles
883:
880:
871:
868:
842:
839:
794:
791:
766:
763:
761:
758:
752:
749:
732:
729:
623:United Kingdom
562:. Renamed the
476:
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344:
335:
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309:
308:
305:
301:
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225:Undergraduates
221:
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2878:Fondation 2ie
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2816:
2814:
2813:ESM Saint-Cyr
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2567:EM Strasbourg
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1364:Emir of Qatar
1361:
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1351:
1348:(1901–1951):
1347:
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1321:(1856–1951):
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1308:(1848–1913):
1307:
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1256:Liao Yaoxiang
1254:
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1236:
1234:
1230:
1227:(1891–1959):
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1210:Alphonse Juin
1208:
1206:(1850s–1930s)
1205:
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1199:
1196:
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1187:
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1179:(1889–1952):
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1112:(1893–1979):
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
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1096:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1074:Jean Desclaux
1072:
1069:
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1063:
1060:
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1054:
1052:
1048:
1047:Bahram Aryana
1045:
1042:
1041:Michel Arnaud
1039:
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1033:
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1028:
1025:(1936–2019):
1024:
1021:
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945:
942:– Cadet) are
941:
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560:Fontainebleau
557:
553:
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545:
541:
532:
526:of Saint-Cyr.
525:
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496:
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451:Fontainebleau
447:
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410:saint-cyriens
407:
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352:ESM Saint-Cyr
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238:Postgraduates
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191:222 years ago
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
3463:École navale
3367:
3358:Army Academy
3183:
3152:
3116:
3093:École navale
3075:
3030:
3013:
2907:HEC Montréal
2902:HEC Lausanne
2812:
2647:ICN Graduate
2582:ESC Clermont
2562:EM Normandie
2435:Paris-Saclay
2363:Supmicrotech
2182:INP Toulouse
2130:Grenoble INP
2085:ESIEE Amiens
1853:Albi-Carmaux
1813:École navale
1688:
1687:Engineering
1622:
1613:
1604:
1595:
1583:. Retrieved
1579:the original
1554:. Retrieved
1550:the original
1525:. Retrieved
1515:
1503:. Retrieved
1493:
1162:Babacar Gaye
1156:David Galula
993:
984:
980:
974:
969:
965:
961:
953:
947:
943:
939:
933:
929:
925:
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904:
892:
885:
873:
870:Re-enactment
863:
855:
851:
847:
844:
834:
822:
820:
803:red trousers
798:
796:
775:du Firmament
774:
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685:
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591:Napoleon III
589:, and later
584:
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413:
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341:
338:Saint-cyrien
337:
229:
167:
152:
133:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
3077:French Navy
3015:French Army
2748:ENAC Alumni
2728:CELSA Paris
2687:Montpellier
2514:VetAgro Sup
2410:Montpellier
2105:ESME-Sudria
1943:Montpellier
1791:ECAM Rennes
1480:(1876–1993)
1449: [
1371:(1899–1970)
1330:(1794–1864)
1300:Pierre Nord
1290:(1918–1921)
1270:(1854–1934)
1264:(1870–1949)
1221:(1878–1964)
1194:(1849–1916)
1140:(1922–2013)
1090:World War I
882:Application
827:cassowaries
696:flying aces
652:vieux bahut
619:Free French
595:French Army
524:Color guard
500:Jules David
453:in 1802 by
426: [
291: /
208:French Army
204:Affiliation
184:Established
110:August 2016
3633:Categories
2823:HEC Alumni
2798:ENV Alfort
2783:ENSA Nancy
2778:ENS Rennes
2632:ESC Troyes
2592:ESC Rennes
2494:Unilasalle
2328:ITECH Lyon
2286:ISARA Lyon
2249:Strasbourg
2177:IFP School
2100:ESITC Caen
1585:30 January
1556:30 January
1485:References
1469:Coëtquidan
1288:Yugoslavia
1229:flying ace
1114:flying ace
996:lieutenant
985:Management
927:training.
852:grand soir
848:petit soir
841:Ceremonies
779:Sevastopol
760:Traditions
704:, and one
580:Revolution
386:Coëtquidan
276:47°56′43″N
252:Coëtquidan
215:Commandant
196:1802-05-01
80:newspapers
2733:CFJ Paris
2672:ISC Paris
2637:HEC Paris
2542:EDC Paris
2405:Marseille
1798:ECE Paris
1786:ECAM Lyon
1764:Marseille
966:Aspirants
936:battalion
831:Paris Zoo
771:promotion
611:Cherchell
603:free zone
373:Saint-Cyr
279:2°09′08″W
3443:Maritime
2833:INP-ENVT
2773:ENS Lyon
2712:Toulouse
2627:Grenoble
2532:Audencia
2462:Bretagne
2440:Sorbonne
2390:Grenoble
2338:Polyméca
2254:Toulouse
2192:ENSIACET
2187:ENSEEIHT
2095:ESIGELEC
2000:ENSICAEN
1948:Mulhouse
1734:CPE Lyon
1643:Archived
1473:Brittany
1467:(EMIA),
1434:See also
1000:regiment
949:aspirant
922:Training
864:triomphe
860:accolade
690:, three
648:Morbihan
631:) under
597:against
568:Yvelines
469:Morbihan
455:Napoleon
398:Brittany
394:Morbihan
333:Nickname
260:Morbihan
247:Location
156:(French)
2768:ENS LSH
2707:Telecom
2587:ESC Pau
2430:Orléans
2358:Supméca
2333:SupAgro
2140:ENSIMAG
1910:ENITIAA
1828:EI Cesi
1739:CY Tech
1527:23 July
1505:23 July
1461:, Paris
1356:1950–51
1312:of the
1166:MONUSCO
987:, or a
905:license
856:baptême
823:Casoars
811:facings
793:Uniform
708:of the
638:At the
617:, then
615:Algeria
599:Germany
502:in 1886
475:History
420:is the
414:cyrards
348:Website
194: (
94:scholar
3550:forces
3445:forces
3350:forces
2858:Oniris
2753:ENSFEA
2721:Others
2702:Skema
2662:INSEEC
2657:INSEAD
2420:Nantes
2380:Angers
2323:ISMANS
2306:Toulon
2239:Rennes
2160:ESISAR
2155:PHELMA
2150:PAGORA
2115:ESTACA
2025:ENSTIB
2015:ENSSAT
2010:ENSISA
2005:ENSIIE
1990:ENSGSI
1953:Rennes
1930:ENSAIT
1925:ENSAIA
1890:ENGEES
1868:Nantes
1769:Nantes
1284:Serbia
835:casoar
783:Bayard
751:Museum
694:, two
656:Allied
400:. Its
342:cyrard
313:Colors
304:Campus
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
3548:space
3251:Joint
2788:ENSBA
2738:EHESP
2692:NEOMA
2682:KEDGE
2652:IESEG
2617:ESSEC
2612:ESSCA
2607:ESDES
2597:ESCEM
2547:EDHEC
2484:ESILV
2477:Paris
2472:Lille
2445:Tours
2415:Nancy
2395:Lille
2353:ENSMA
2343:ENSCI
2318:ISIMA
2301:Lille
2296:Brest
2244:Rouen
2207:ENSAT
2145:ENSGI
2120:ESTIA
2080:ESIEA
2070:ESCOM
2060:ESAIP
2040:EPITA
2030:ENTPE
1995:ENSIC
1975:ENSEM
1965:ENSEA
1938:Lille
1934:ENSC
1920:ENSAI
1905:ENISE
1863:Nancy
1858:Douai
1833:EIGSI
1823:EFREI
1774:Paris
1754:Lille
1453:]
1036:Syria
807:shako
731:Motto
706:Saint
463:, in
430:]
402:motto
307:Rural
189:;
149:Motto
101:JSTOR
87:books
3348:Land
3241:NATO
2838:ISIT
2803:EOGN
2667:IPAG
2557:EMLV
2499:UTBM
2467:Évry
2425:Nice
2400:Lyon
2313:ISEP
2291:ISEN
2281:ISAT
2276:ISAE
2266:IPSA
2234:Lyon
2219:INSA
2197:ENIT
2172:ICAM
2135:ENSE
2125:ESTP
2075:ESEO
2050:EPMI
1900:ENIM
1895:ENIB
1885:ENAC
1848:Alès
1838:EIVP
1818:ECPM
1781:ECAM
1759:Lyon
1729:CNAM
1587:2015
1558:2015
1529:2019
1507:2019
1354:Iran
1051:Iran
815:képi
787:Foch
671:EMIA
538:The
522:The
390:Guer
359:The
256:Guer
230:None
174:Type
73:news
3545:and
3543:Air
2966:MSc
2828:IFM
2818:ESA
2808:ESA
2758:ENS
2743:ENA
2697:PSB
2677:ISG
2642:ICD
2537:BSB
2509:UTT
2504:UTC
2271:ISA
2224:CVL
2212:EIP
2202:ENM
2167:HEI
2065:ESB
2055:ESA
2045:EPF
1744:EBI
1352:of
1233:WWI
1118:WWI
983:or
979:in
412:or
404:is
388:in
365:ESM
56:by
3635::
1566:^
1537:^
1471:,
1451:fr
1231:,
1116:,
1006:.
972:.
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712:.
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446:.
428:fr
396:,
392:,
340:,
324:–
320:–
263:,
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1560:.
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108:(
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20:)
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