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252:, known as the gentleman-scholar, who were remembered for their devotion to Neo-Confucian studies. Typically, their social standing was upper-class. Commonly, they disciplined themselves in Confucian teachings, with the aim of improving their learning and character which would eventually render them capable of governing the general populace. Generally, the Sonbi aimed to become scholar-officials.
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178:, were not a requirement for doctors treating civilians; the only requirement was an apprenticeship, after which civilian physicians were able to begin their medical work. Royal physicians and officers had to complete an examination, after which they gained their license. Such exams had to be passed before physicians could accept responsibility for the kingโs health.
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Education for the Sonbi began with the teaching of the lessons outlined by Seohak, specifically The
Learning of the Young. Seohak was utilized as a moral training for young children and emphasized basic principles of principles of conduct, such as cleanliness and how to conduct oneself. Although
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The examinations for medical licensing occurred until 1894, when the civil service examination agency was abolished. Up until then, all social status systems, the number of candidates, procedures, methods of testing, and agency were stringently enforced and maintained.
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The first mungwa exams were held in 1399, and from 1402 to 1894, 801 mugwa testing sessions were held. Approximately 15,150 people passed the mungwa, a higher form of civil service examination, daegwa, between 1392 and 1897.
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was based on the
Chinese educational system which had 15 or so primary works, and a large number of exegetical works, along with graded exams that were on set topics. All of these works were written in
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The military exam, mugwa, included military training and required proficiency in the
Confucian classics, otherwise known as the Four Books and Three Classics, and knowledge in legislative theory.
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Noble status during the Joseon
Dynasty was decided by education level; generally, passing court exams led to an easier path into upper class status. The upper class, referred to as
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was largely aimed at preparing students for government service. The ultimate goal of most students was successful passage of the state examinations, known as
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The
Seonggyungwan was the highest educational institution in Joseon, and attracted scholars from across the country. It was based on the Goryeo-period
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Educational institutions were extremely widespread in the country, and can be divided into public and private. The highest public institution was the
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moral training was conducted in all social classes, Sonbi, who were an upper-class, had their moral training emphasized.
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soon fell into neglect, and for most of the Joseon period education was dominated by two types of private schools,
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ideology. The gwageo were divided into civil and military sections. The gwageo system had been set up in the
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Different types of exams existed based on official court positions; two preliminary civil service exams,
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Among the forefront of the different social classes were the
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dynasty, but reached its peak in the Joseon period.
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299:Korea: A history of the Korean people (2nd ed.)
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174:Medical examinations, known as
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18:Education in the Joseon Dynasty
170:Medical licensing examinations
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333:Education in South Korea
328:Education in North Korea
297:Nahm, Andrew C. (1996).
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272:Nahm (1996), p. 110.
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263:Footnotes
317:See also
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157:jinsa-si
67:hyanggyo
58:hyanggyo
230:Chinese
126:yangban
78:seodang
65:. The
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238:Zhu Xi
149:mungwa
145:daegwa
134:mungwa
130:munban
119:Goryeo
107:gwageo
100:Gwageo
91:Gwageo
72:seowon
37:gwageo
250:Sonbi
244:Sonbi
176:uigwa
141:sogwa
53:Sahak
49:Seoul
32:Korea
303:ISBN
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