160:
government projected that the Jindal complex would generate more than 21,000 jobs. As of 2009, Jindal had only invested US$ 20 million on the Mutun project due to difficulty in securing natural gas supplies from the
Bolivian government for the 450MW power plant and ore smelting process. With progress on the project stalled, the Bolivian government and Jindal steel traded both accusations and demands. The government had opened criminal investigations against Jindal's executives and demanded that the full promised investment be deposited in Bolivian banks, while the company demanded these charges be dropped in exchange for a $ 18 million investment. Jindal announced its decision to withdraw on July 16, 2012. In August 2012 Jindal finally exited the El Mutún project. In 2014, international arbitrators awarded Jindal $ 22.5 million due to Bolivia's earlier seizure of the bond.
639:
152:, signed a contract with the Bolivian government to exploit the El Mutún iron ore deposit. According to the contract, Jindal would invest US$ 1.5 billion initially and an additional US$ 2.5 billion over the next eight years. This is the single largest investment by an Indian firm in Latin America. By September 2011, Jindal had obtained clearance for the project from the EIA and had hired an engineering consultant for
131:
wood. Despite this, EBX started working anyway before obtaining its licence, under the name of MXX. The
Bolivian Ministry of Defence declared that "various irregularities and constitutional violations" had been observed. On April 19, 2006, the Bolivian army freed three government ministers who had
159:
Jindal Steel planned to set up an integrated 1.7 MTPA steel plant, a 6 MTPA sponge iron plant, a 10 MTPA iron ore pellet plant and a 450 MW power plant. The project was expected to generate US$ 200 million in revenues for the
Bolivian government, equivalent to 5% of its current revenue. The
565:
361:
558:
169:
alleged that contrary to contract terms, Jindal was mostly interested in extracting iron ore concentrates and exporting the raw material for further processing at its plants in India.
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551:
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75:
minerals. This can be compared with an estimate of the total world reserves of iron ore: 800 billion tons of crude ore containing more than 230 billion tons of iron.
132:
been taken hostage by villagers demanding the immediate opening of all EBX's installations. By 2007, the
Bolivian government had expelled EBX from the Mutun region.
514:
59:", it has an area of about 75 square kilometers. Its estimated reserves are about 40.205 billion (40.205 × 10) tons of iron ore of 50% iron, mainly in
328:
478:
437:
83:
A series of attempts have been made to commercially extract the iron ore on the site, including by the
Brazilian firm EBX and the Indian company
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30:
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available from a pipeline 20 km away, vegetable carbon was to be used for the foundry, demanding 45
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156:. The project is expected to create 6,000 jobs directly and another 15,000 indirectly.
1322:
827:
812:
777:
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95:)—the state-owned partner in the previous ventures—continues to plan for operations.
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84:
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87:. Following the Jindal's 2012 exit from the country, the Mutún Steel Company (
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1204:
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72:
64:
288:"Libération de trois ministres boliviens pris en otage par des villageois"
291:
68:
60:
26:
503:
203:
124:
108:
38:
461:"Bolivia to Appeal Ruling Favoring India's Jindal in el Mutún Dispute"
913:
649:
414:"Jindal deja el país tras no aceptar cuatro condiciones del Gobierno"
46:
204:"Serrania Mutun, Chiquitos Province, Santa Cruz Department, Bolivia"
111:
in El Mutún. However, the project was blocked by
Bolivian president
145:
141:
909:
547:
362:"Jindal Steel and Power expects 10–12% growth in Indian steel"
637:
388:"AFP: Bolivia OKs Indian firm to mine vast iron deposit"
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1212:
1203:
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1077:
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908:
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648:
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255:. U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program
227:. Mines and Communities Website. Archived from
559:
8:
1354:Geography of Santa Cruz Department (Bolivia)
412:Chipana, Willy; Iván Condori (2012-07-17).
276:Bolivia: El bocado de "El Mutún" – Bolpress
1359:Geology of Santa Cruz Department (Bolivia)
1209:
566:
552:
544:
574:Major South American geological features
195:
356:
354:
7:
312:
310:
308:
45:, it extends across the border into
103:In early 2000s, Brazilian company
67:form, and in lesser quantities in
14:
335:. 3 December 2007. Archived from
25:for "the Mountain Mutún") is an
150:Jindal Steel and Power Limited
107:devised a project to create a
1:
459:Dube, Ryan (26 August 2014).
93:Empresa Siderúrgica del Mutún
1375:
1195:Pampean Pegmatite Province
1334:Precambrian South America
667:Arequipa-Antofalla Craton
635:
317:Bolivia holds hill of ore
49:, where it is called the
1153:Metallogenetic provinces
677:Central Brazilian Shield
29:deposit. Located in the
788:Bucaramanga-Santa Marta
1339:Neoproterozoic Bolivia
716:Structures undergoing
697:Río de la Plata Craton
642:
364:. IIFL. Archived from
329:"India's Bolivian ore"
117:environmental concerns
92:
1344:Neoproterozoic Brazil
641:
530:19.19028°S 57.88389°W
479:"Jornada | Editorial"
438:"Jornada | Editorial"
55:. Also known as the "
35:Santa Cruz Department
31:Germán Busch Province
1349:Geography of Bolivia
741:Juan Fernández Ridge
702:São Francisco Craton
535:-19.19028; -57.88389
52:Serrania de Jacadigo
1261:Paraná and Etendeka
526: /
465:Wall Street Journal
119:; instead of using
1215:Volcanic provinces
1175:El Indio Gold Belt
973:Sedimentary basins
838:Magallanes-Fagnano
687:Paranapanema Block
643:
483:www.jornadanet.com
442:www.jornadanet.com
339:on 5 December 2007
184:Geology of Bolivia
1329:Iron ore deposits
1316:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1165:Chilean Iron Belt
1160:Bolivian Tin Belt
1018:Eastern Venezuela
808:Dolores-Guayaquil
798:Cordillera Blanca
225:"Will Evo stick?"
144:'s third largest
1366:
1256:Central Atlantic
1216:
1210:
1190:Lithium Triangle
1144:
1117:
1069:
1052:
1045:
998:
958:
946:
924:
845:
707:Uruguayan Shield
662:Amazonian Craton
568:
561:
554:
545:
541:
540:
538:
537:
536:
531:
527:
524:
523:
522:
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491:
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485:. Archived from
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444:. Archived from
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390:. Archived from
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163:An editorial in
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1364:
1363:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1308:
1284:Noronha hotspot
1265:
1214:
1199:
1185:Iron Quadrangle
1148:
1142:
1137:Terra Australis
1115:
1073:
1067:
1050:
1043:
1023:Golfo San Jorge
996:
991:Andean foreland
967:
956:
944:
922:
904:
900:Trans-Brazilian
843:
818:Eastern Frontal
760:
726:Antarctic Plate
711:
672:Atlantic Shield
644:
633:
581:Tectonic plates
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79:Iron ore mining
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1294:Juan Fernández
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1170:Deseado Massif
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997:Central Brazil
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936:
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905:
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885:Sierra Ballena
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880:Sarandí del Yí
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733:
731:Carnegie Ridge
728:
722:
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713:
712:
710:
709:
704:
699:
694:
692:Río Apa Craton
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
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646:
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629:South American
626:
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596:
591:
585:
583:
577:
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571:
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548:
510:
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505:Serrania Mutún
499:
498:External links
496:
493:
492:
489:on 2012-03-30.
470:
451:
448:on 2012-03-30.
429:
404:
379:
368:on May 9, 2013
350:
333:The Australian
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194:
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148:manufacturer,
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100:
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57:Serrania Mutún
18:El Cerro Mutún
13:
10:
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6:
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1125:
1123:
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1096:
1095:Cariri Velhos
1093:
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984:
982:
979:
978:
976:
974:
970:
964:
961:
959:
954:
952:
951:Neuquén Rifts
949:
947:
942:
940:
937:
935:
934:Asunción Rift
932:
930:
927:
925:
920:
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833:Liquiñe-Ofqui
831:
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749:
747:
746:Malpelo Ridge
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
723:
721:
719:
714:
708:
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703:
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698:
695:
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690:
688:
685:
683:
682:Guiana Shield
680:
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508:
507:at mindat.org
506:
502:
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480:
474:
471:
466:
462:
455:
452:
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443:
439:
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415:
408:
405:
394:on 2007-12-08
393:
389:
383:
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372:September 25,
367:
363:
357:
355:
351:
338:
334:
330:
324:
321:
318:
313:
311:
309:
305:
293:
290:(in French).
289:
283:
280:
277:
269:
266:
251:
245:
242:
231:on 2007-08-15
230:
226:
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217:
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196:
189:
185:
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180:
179:El Mutún mine
177:
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54:
53:
48:
44:
43:Puerto Suárez
40:
36:
32:
28:
24:
20:
19:
1179:
511:
504:
487:the original
482:
473:
464:
454:
446:the original
441:
432:
421:. Retrieved
417:
407:
396:. Retrieved
392:the original
382:
370:. Retrieved
366:the original
341:. Retrieved
337:the original
332:
323:
296:. Retrieved
294:. 2006-04-19
282:
273:(in Spanish)
268:
257:. Retrieved
244:
233:. Retrieved
229:the original
219:
208:. Retrieved
206:. mindat.org
198:
164:
162:
158:
139:
136:Jindal Steel
102:
85:Jindal Steel
82:
56:
50:
17:
16:
15:
963:Salta Rifts
929:Amazon Rift
770:shear zones
756:Nazca Ridge
751:Nazca Plate
619:North Andes
533: /
121:natural gas
115:because of
113:Evo Morales
99:EBX foundry
1323:Categories
1127:San Rafael
1110:Gondwanide
1105:Famatinian
1090:Brasiliano
1028:Magallanes
860:Pernambuco
793:Cochabamba
736:Chile Rise
718:subduction
521:57°53′02″W
518:19°11′25″S
423:2013-04-01
398:2007-12-03
343:3 December
298:2006-04-19
259:2006-10-20
250:"Iron Ore"
235:2008-03-29
210:2006-10-20
190:References
166:La Jornada
1299:San Felix
1289:Galápagos
1279:Ascension
1251:Caribbean
1205:Volcanism
1143:Tilcarian
1078:Orogenies
981:Altiplano
957:Paramirim
939:Cuyo Rift
875:San Ramón
855:Oca-Ancón
594:Caribbean
589:Antarctic
154:FEED work
140:In 2007,
129:Amazonian
127:a day of
73:manganese
65:magnetite
1304:Trindade
1271:Hotspots
1180:El Mutún
1068:Solimões
1044:Pantanal
1033:Malvinas
1008:Colorado
895:El Tigre
865:El Pilar
418:La Razón
292:Le Monde
173:See also
125:hectares
69:siderite
61:hematite
27:iron ore
1244:Austral
1234:Central
1122:Pampean
1100:Chonide
1051:Paraíba
1038:Neuquén
923:Aguapeí
914:grabens
870:Romeral
828:Huincul
813:Domeyko
803:Córdoba
778:Atacama
654:shields
650:Cratons
609:Malpelo
109:foundry
89:Spanish
41:, near
39:Bolivia
33:in the
23:Spanish
1224:Andean
1132:Sunsás
1085:Andean
1057:Paraná
986:Amazon
945:Espino
890:Sobral
823:Gastre
783:Boconó
766:Faults
624:Scotia
47:Brazil
1239:South
1229:North
1116:Juruá
1062:Salta
1003:Chaco
910:Rifts
850:Morón
614:Nazca
604:Coiba
599:Cocos
253:(PDF)
146:steel
142:India
1013:Cuyo
912:and
844:Meta
768:and
652:and
374:2011
345:2007
71:and
63:and
105:EBX
37:of
1325::
481:.
463:.
440:.
416:.
353:^
331:.
307:^
91::
567:e
560:t
553:v
467:.
426:.
401:.
376:.
347:.
301:.
262:.
238:.
213:.
21:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.