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Abelleira
Fernandez, J. L.; Adolphsen, C.; Akay, A. N.; Aksakal, H.; Albacete, J. L.; Alekhin, S.; Allport, P.; Andreev, V.; Appleby, R. B.; Arikan, E.; Armesto, N.; Azuelos, G.; Bai, M.; Barber, D.; Bartels, J.; Behnke, O.; Behr, J.; Belyaev, A. S.; Ben-Zvi, I.; Bernard, N.; Bertolucci, S.; Bettoni,
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determines the rates of interactions between electrons and nucleons. The weaker a mode of interaction is, the higher luminosity is required to reach an adequate measurement of the process. The luminosity is inversely proportional to the product of the beam sizes of the two colliding species, which
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In order to allow understanding of spin dependence of the electron-nucleon collisions, both the ion beam and the electron beam must be polarized. Achieving and maintaining high levels of polarization is challenging. Nucleons and electrons pose different issues. Electron polarization is affected by
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of the beams, the larger the luminosity. Whereas the electron beam emittance (for a storage ring) is determined by an equilibrium between damping and diffusion from synchrotrotron radiation, the emittance for the ion beam is determined by the initially injected value. The ion beam emittance may be
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In the year 2022, the Office of
Science in Department of Energy reported that the budget for Electron–Ion Collider would be $ 30M, while the project required $ 120M to meet its defined milestone in 2023, causing the EIC pre-construction schedule to be "stretched".
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S.; Biswal, S.; Blümlein, J.; Böttcher, H.; Bogacz, A.; Bracco, C.; Brandt, G.; Braun, H.; et al. (2012). "A Large Hadron
Electron Collider at CERN Report on the Physics and Design Concepts for Machine and Detector".
104:, which collides beams of light to heavy ions including polarized protons, with a polarized electron facility. On January 9, 2020, It was announced by Paul Dabbar, undersecretary of the US Department of Energy
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as the design of a future EIC in the United States. In addition to the site selection, it was announced that the BNL EIC had acquired CD-0 (mission need) from the
Department of Energy.
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The
Electron–Ion Collider user group consists of more than 1400 physicists from over 290 laboratories and universities from 38 countries around the world.
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emerge from the lower level constituent dynamics of quarks and gluons. Formulations of these mysteries, encompassing research projects, include the
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An electron–ion collider allows probing of the substructure of protons and neutrons via a high energy electron. Protons and neutrons are composed of
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Nuclear
Science Advisory Committee (NSAC) named the construction of an electron–ion collider one of the top priorities for the near future in
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On 18 September 2020, a ribbon-cutting ceremony was held at BNL, officially launching the development and building of the EIC.
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50:. In 2012, a whitepaper was published, proposing the developing and building of an EIC accelerator, and in 2015, the
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276:, Germany. Hera ran from 1992 to 2007 and collided electrons and protons at a center of mass energy of 318 GeV.
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220:, the 'chromo' resulting from the fact that quarks are described as having three different possible values for
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In 2020, The United States
Department of Energy announced that an EIC will be built over the next ten years at
325:“U.S. Department of Energy Selects Brookhaven National Laboratory to Host Major New Nuclear Physics Facility”
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would make use of the existing LHC accelerator and add an electron accelerator to collide electrons with the
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A. Accardi et al., "Electron Ion
Collider: The Next QCD Frontier – Understanding the glue that binds us all"
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Some of the remaining mysteries associated with atomic nuclei include how nuclear properties such as
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Brookhaven
National Laboratory's conceptual design, eRHIC, proposes upgrading the existing
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has a declared design for an EIC scheduled to be built in the 2020 decade. In Europe,
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154:. Ignoring the effects of synchrotron radiation, the motion of the spin follows the
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108:, that the BNL eRHIC design was selected over the conceptual design put forward by
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E. C. Aschenauer et al., “eRHIC Design Study: An
Electron–Ion Collider at BNL,”
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92:. There are also Chinese and Russian plans for an electron–ion collider.
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Particle accelerator under construction in Upton, New York, USA
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447:"DOE Nuclear Physics Program Approaches Pivot Point"
432:"Welcome! | Electron–Ion Collider User Group"
366:Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
69:, at an estimated cost of $ 1.6 to $ 2.6 billion.
188:. In addition, one must consider the effect of
110:Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
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338:"Brookhaven launches electron-ion collider"
418:"A Large Hadron electron Collider at CERN"
268:One electron–ion collider in the past was
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150:and depolarization due to the effects of
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192:, which is largely a heating effect.
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449:. FYI, American Institute of Physics
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176:decreased via various methods of
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102:Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
82:Brookhaven National Laboratory
63:Brookhaven National Laboratory
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396:10.1088/0954-3899/39/7/075001
171:implies that the smaller the
162:High luminosity achievement
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48:deep inelastic scattering
224:(red, green or blue).
218:quantum chromodynamics
204:, interacting via the
58:in the United States.
475:Particle accelerators
148:Sokolov Ternov effect
144:synchrotron radiation
21:electron–ion collider
340:. 21 September 2020.
241:proton radius puzzle
190:intrabeam scattering
152:quantum fluctuations
132:Technical challenges
52:Department of Energy
34:designed to collide
29:particle accelerator
388:2012JPhG...39g5001A
306:"Office of Science"
156:Thomas BMT equation
237:proton spin crisis
206:strong interaction
196:Scientific purpose
186:stochastic cooling
88:has plans for the
106:Office of Science
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137:Polarization
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80:In the US,
280:References
180:, such as
173:emittances
168:luminosity
379:1206.2913
65:(BNL) in
40:electrons
38:beams of
469:Category
453:15 April
404:52498118
239:and the
32:collider
384:Bibcode
295:, 2012.
274:Hamburg
255:Funding
126:hadrons
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210:gluons
202:quarks
400:S2CID
374:arXiv
353:2014.
327:2020.
309:(PDF)
96:eRHIC
455:2022
270:HERA
233:mass
231:and
229:spin
166:The
122:LHeC
120:The
116:LHeC
90:LHeC
86:CERN
44:ions
42:and
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19:An
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