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619:-like when played gently, and developing a hollow resonance as the keys are played harder. The reeds are tuned by adding or removing mass from a lump of solder at the free end of the reed. Replacement reeds are furnished with a slight excess of solder, and thus tuned "flat"; the user is required – by repeated trial and error – to gradually file off the excess solder until the correct tuning is achieved. The Columbia Elepian (also branded as Maestro), the Brazilian-made Valente, and the
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380:. Another factor driving their development and acceptance was the progressive electrification of popular music and the need for a portable keyboard instrument capable of high-volume amplification. Musicians adopted a number of types of domestic electric pianos for rock and pop use. This encouraged their manufacturers to modify them for stage use and then develop models primarily intended for stage use.
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In 2015, Brazilian inventor Tiago
Valente created the first prototype of the Valente Electric Piano, an electromechanical instrument where the hammers strike reeds, similar to the ones used in a Wurlitzer. In 2020, the Valente Electric Piano was launched commercially; at the time of launch, Valente
735:
backing. The leather is saturated with a viscous silicone oil to adhere to and pluck metal reeds. When the key is released, the pad acts as a damper. An electrostatic pickup system similar to
Wurlitzer's is used. The tone produced resembles that of the Wurlitzer but brighter and with less sustain,
806:
Baldwin's "Solid-Body
Electric Harpsichord" or "Combo Harpsichord" is an aluminum-framed instrument of fairly traditional form, with no soundboard and with two sets of electromagnetic pickups, one near the plectra and the other at the strings' midpoint. The instrument's sound has something of the
477:
Many types were initially designed as a less-expensive alternative to an acoustic piano for home or school use. Some electric pianos were designed with multiple keyboards that could be connected for use in school or college piano labs, so that teachers could simultaneously instruct a group of
474:, the American industrial designer. It debuted at the 1939 World's Fair. The piano has normal strings and hammer action but no soundboard. The sound is amplified through electromagnetic pickups, circuitry and a speaker system, making it the world's first commercially available electric piano.
386:
that provide an emulated electric piano sound have largely supplanted the actual electro-mechanical instruments in the 2010s, due to the small size, light weight, and versatility of digital instruments, which can produce a huge range of tones besides piano tones (e.g., emulations of
747:
suction pads rather than adhesive pads and replaces the electrostatic system with passive electromagnetic pickups similar to those of the Rhodes. The Pianet T has a far mellower sound not unlike that of the Rhodes instruments. None of the above instruments have the facility for a
684:
of stiff steel wire. The other part of the fork, parallel and adjacent to the tine, is the tonebar, a sturdy steel bar which acts as a resonator and adds sustain to the sound. The tine is fitted with a spring which can be moved along its length to allow the pitch to be varied for
229:. On every musical instrument article, this pay writer tends to add the comparisons with synthesizers, however, no reliable source exists for such, because the synthesizer is not widely accepted as the base of comparison for all musical instruments.
1048:
The first electric piano, the
Storytone, was built in 1939 in a joint venture between Story & Clark and RCA....The company went on to develop the first electric piano in partnership with RCA in 1939 and today they continue the tradition with
469:
electric piano was built in 1931. The
Vierlang-Forster electric piano was introduced in 1937. The RCA Storytone electric piano was built in 1939 in a joint venture between Story & Clark and RCA. The case was designed by
319:. Instead, it is an electro-mechanical instrument. Some early electric pianos used lengths of wire to produce the tone, like a traditional piano. Smaller electric pianos used short slivers of steel to produce the tone (a
838:. A rubber pad under each key presses the string onto a metal anvil, causing the "fretted" portion of the string to vibrate. This is detected by a series of pickups, which convert them into an electrical signal.
1102:, ... The piano has normal strings and action but no soundboard – the sound is amplified through electromagnetic pickups, circuitry and a speaker system, making it the world's first commercial electric piano.
611:(sometimes called "Wurli" as a nickname) use flat steel reeds struck by felt hammers. The reeds fit within a comb-like metal plate, and the reeds and plate together form an electrostatic or capacitive
547:'s electric pianos are actual grand or upright pianos with strings and hammers. The Helpinstill models have a traditional soundboard; the others have none, and are more akin to a solid-body
448:
963:
299:, where sound is produced by means of mechanical hammers striking metal strings or reeds or wire tines, which leads to vibrations which are then converted into electrical signals by
827:(clear plastic) openable lid. The prototypes and design were sold to Baldwin who made some modifications, and then manufactured the instrument under their own name.
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The term "Electric piano" can refer to several different instruments which vary in their sound-producing mechanisms and consequent timbral characters.
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759:
Pianotron". This has electromagnetic pickups with a battery-powered preamplifier, and later models have multiple tone filters and a sustain pedal.
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maker located in
Cambridge, Massachusetts. This instrument had an aluminium bar frame, a spruce wood soundboard, bar magnetic pickups, and a
701:). The Rhodes piano has a distinctive bell-like tone, fuller than the Wurlitzer, with longer sustain and with a "growl" when played hard.
1094:, the famous American industrial designer. This piano is one of only 150 made and comes with its original bench. It is the world's first
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Clavier. A few other noteworthy producers of electric pianos include
Baldwin Piano and Organ Company, and the Wurlitzer Company.
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pickups attached to the instrument's frame. All these instruments have a tonal character similar to that of an acoustic piano.
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said that he took inspiration from the Suette Piano, another reed electric piano that was made in Brazil in the 1980s.
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964:"Music Engineers. The Remarkable Career of Winston E. Knock, Electronic Organ Designer and NASA Chief of Electronics"
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produced a new line of electro-mechanical pianos, known as the Rhodes Mark 7, followed by an offering from
372:", reaching its height during the 1970s, after which they were progressively displaced by more lightweight
65:
991:
Wolfgang Voigt (1988). "Oskar
Vierling, ein Wegbereiter der Elektroakustik für den Musikinstrumentenbau".
693:(originally felt) tip of a hammer activated by a greatly simplified piano action (each key has only three
886:
623:
Electra-Piano use a reed system similar to the
Wurlitzer but with electromagnetic pickups similar to the
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worked on the design and development of the original instrument for the Cannon Guild
Company, a premier
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sounds, etc.). However, some performers still perform and record with vintage electric pianos. In 2009,
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with a keyboard & pickups). The earliest electric pianos were invented in the late 1920s; the 1929
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including the damper). Each tine has an electromagnetic pickup placed just beyond its tip (see also
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character of an electric guitar, and has occasionally been used to stand in for one in modern
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1. Tuning / 2. Damper / 3. Tangent / 4. Anvil / 5. Key / 6. String / 7. Pickup / 8. Tailpiece
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740:" uses rubber plectra and separate urethane foam dampers but is otherwise almost identical.
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capable of piano-like sounds without the disadvantages of electric pianos' heavy weight and
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Although not technically pianos, the following are electric harpsichords and clavichords.
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to reinforce the sound sufficiently for the performer and audience to hear. Unlike a
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Struck reeds of a Wurlitzer electric piano (shown here with the hard cover removed)
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A close copy of the Cembalet is the "Weltmeister Claviset", also marketed as the "
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largely owing to the design having no sustain pedal mechanism. The same firm's "
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364:). The popularity of the electric piano began to grow in the late 1950s after
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as well as other tracks from the 1956 sessions included on his second album
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1011:"#732: Story & Clark Storytone (1941) artdeco design electric piano".
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1046:. Quaker Drive Seneca, PA: QRS Music Technologies, Inc. 2008. p. 2.
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uses adhesive pads made from an undressed leather surface cushioned by a
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243:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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here refers to the struck element having two vibrating parts. In
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system. This system produces a very distinctive tone – sweet and
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pickups under the bridge. Helpinstill's instruments use a set of
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was among the first. Probably the earliest stringless model was
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938:
Hans-W. Schmitz (1990). "Der Bechstein-Siemens-Nernst-Flügel".
208:
142:
26:
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Story & Clark EST.1857: Where Tradition Meets Technology
911:(1931). "Das Radio-Klavier von Bechstein-Siemens-Nernst".
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Classic Keys: Keyboard sounds that launched rock music
1177:"Bossinha – first prototype of Valente Electric Piano"
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1020:. National Music Centre. p. 50. Archived from
942:. 16. Jahrgang (49) (published April 1990): 21–27.
680:instruments, the struck portion of the "fork" is a
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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558:the vibration of the strings is converted to an
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971:IEEE Conference on the History of Electronics
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275:A Wurlitzer model 112 electric piano with a
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454:Storytone (1939) by Story & Clark and
177:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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259:Learn how and when to remove this message
197:Learn how and when to remove this message
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
1274:Lenhoff, Alan; Robertson, David (2019).
344:Early electric piano recordings include
869:
1067:. Antiquity Music, LLC. Archived from
1202:"New Product: Valente Electric Piano"
7:
175:adding citations to reliable sources
55:adding citations to reliable sources
792:Tangent action of a Clavinet :
763:Other electric keyboard instruments
511:Strings and hammers of Yamaha CP-70
1175:Valente, Tiago (10 October 2023).
689:. The tine is struck by the small
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554:On Yamaha's pianos, such as the
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1280:University of North Texas Press
940:Das mechanische Musikinstrument
743:Hohner's later "Pianet T" uses
315:, the electric piano is not an
42:needs additional citations for
1304:Simons Hall of Electric Pianos
1065:"RCA Storytone Electric Piano"
879:"Vintage Vibe Electric Pianos"
877:Jon Regen (21 November 2012).
1:
834:" is essentially an electric
1263:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1251:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1239:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1227:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1163:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1151:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1139:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1127:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1115:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1090:. The case was designed by
1082:in a joint venture between
962:Hans-Joachim Braun (2004).
609:Wurlitzer electronic pianos
478:students using headphones.
239:the claims made and adding
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525:
131:
1265:, pp. 244, 246–247.
1098:, and it debuted at the
132:Not to be confused with
1650:Piano Technicians Guild
665:of Fender Rhodes Mark I
650:Rhodes Mark II Stage 73
378:moving mechanical parts
280:
817:Bermuda Triangle Band
720:Hohner Pianet (below)
317:electronic instrument
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1671:Amplifiers, speakers
1513:Generalized keyboard
1344:keyboard instruments
1014:Collection Checklist
528:Electric grand piano
368:'s 1959 hit record "
331:electric grand piano
305:instrument amplifier
171:improve this section
51:improve this article
1518:Isomorphic keyboard
1508:Enharmonic keyboard
1398:Electronic keyboard
1076:RCA Storytone piano
993:Das Musikinstrument
635:Struck tuning-forks
1678:Keyboard amplifier
1598:Piano construction
952:(Technical report)
889:on 3 November 2013
778:Hohner Clavinet D6
362:Super Sonic Sounds
289:musical instrument
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224:possibly contains
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1289:978-1-57441-776-0
1117:, pp. 42–43.
1100:1939 World's Fair
1084:Story & Clark
883:Keyboard Magazine
560:electrical signal
374:electronic pianos
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1078:was built in
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809:chamber music
804:
788:
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762:
760:
758:
753:
751:
750:sustain pedal
746:
741:
739:
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730:
729:Hohner Pianet
716:
705:Plucked reeds
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678:Fender Rhodes
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564:piezoelectric
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498:Yamaha CP-70M
493:
481:
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467:Neo-Bechstein
457:
450:
441:
434:
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424:Neo-Bechstein
419:
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389:Hammond organ
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222:This article
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156:This section
154:
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138:digital piano
135:
121:
118:
110:
99:
96:
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78:
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71:
68: –
67:
63:
62:Find sources:
56:
52:
46:
45:
40:This article
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
1528:Short octave
1469:
1408:Harmonichord
1275:
1258:
1246:
1234:
1222:
1210:. Retrieved
1205:
1196:
1184:. Retrieved
1180:
1170:
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1146:
1134:
1122:
1110:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1069:the original
1047:
1039:
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1022:the original
1013:
1006:
996:
992:
986:
975:the original
970:
957:
939:
933:
916:
912:
903:
891:. Retrieved
887:the original
872:
829:
813:Roger Penney
805:
802:
754:
742:
726:
695:moving parts
671:
663:Tuning forks
629:
625:Rhodes piano
607:
574:Struck reeds
553:
531:
517:
476:
464:
442:piano (1937)
401:Vintage Vibe
382:
370:What'd I Say
361:
357:
353:
343:
324:
321:lamellophone
284:
282:
255:
246:
223:
193:
184:
169:Please help
157:
113:
107:January 2024
104:
94:
87:
80:
73:
61:
49:Please help
44:verification
41:
1637:Maintenance
1610:Innovations
1556:Split sharp
1546:Frequencies
1487:Synthesizer
1413:Harpsichord
1351:Instruments
1092:John Vassos
919:: 840–843.
913:Die Umschau
858:Rocksichord
821:harpsichord
733:foam rubber
687:fine-tuning
674:tuning fork
541:Helpinstill
472:John Vassos
393:synthesizer
366:Ray Charles
313:synthesizer
309:loudspeaker
291:that has a
1574:Expression
1443:Reed organ
1438:Pipe organ
1403:Fortepiano
1383:Clavichord
864:References
853:DX7 Rhodes
836:clavichord
830:Hohner's "
617:vibraphone
335:Lloyd Loar
249:April 2024
233:improve it
187:April 2024
77:newspapers
1605:Acoustics
1393:Claviharp
1212:6 January
1186:6 January
1044:(catalog)
948:0721-6092
925:0722-8562
825:Plexiglas
699:tonewheel
438:Vierling-
339:Vivi-Tone
327:Bechstein
237:verifying
158:does not
1714:Category
1492:Virginal
1423:Melodica
1368:Carillon
1363:Calliope
1049:PNOscan.
842:See also
832:Clavinet
738:Cembalet
691:neoprene
391:sounds,
360:(a.k.a.
1620:Aliquot
1584:Sustain
1501:Layouts
1455:Orphica
1373:Celesta
1340:Musical
1181:Youtube
893:27 June
848:Celesta
537:Baldwin
440:Förster
407:History
301:pickups
295:-style
231:Please
179:removed
164:sources
91:scholar
1660:Wrench
1655:Tuning
1645:Action
1615:Wiring
1566:Pedals
1482:Spinet
1418:Keytar
1286:
946:
923:
757:Selmer
621:Hohner
613:pickup
533:Yamaha
426:(1931)
397:Rhodes
350:Sun Ra
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
1625:Cross
1460:Piano
1428:Organ
1378:Chime
1025:(PDF)
1018:(PDF)
978:(PDF)
967:(PDF)
556:CP-70
545:Kawai
482:Types
354:India
293:piano
287:is a
98:JSTOR
84:books
1579:Soft
1538:Keys
1342:and
1284:ISBN
1214:2024
1188:2024
1086:and
1080:1939
1074:the
944:ISSN
921:ISSN
895:2013
727:The
682:tine
672:The
543:and
465:The
325:Neo-
307:and
162:any
160:cite
70:news
1088:RCA
815:of
562:by
456:RCA
352:'s
337:'s
283:An
235:by
173:by
136:or
53:by
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1204:.
1179:.
1056:^
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969:.
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403:.
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256:(
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185:(
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114:(
109:)
105:(
95:·
88:·
81:·
74:·
47:.
20:)
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