1040:, owing to its inability to resolve the stone's dispersive fire. Conversely, large diamonds are usually given fancy cuts with many extra facets. Conventional round brilliant or fancy cuts do not scale up satisfactorily, so the extra facets are needed to ensure there are no "dead spots". Because large diamonds are less likely to be set in jewelry, their cuts are considered for how well they display the diamonds' properties from a wide range of viewing directions; in the case of more moderate-sized diamonds, the cuts are considered primarily for their face-up appeal.
2338:" is the most difficult part for a consumer to judge when selecting a good diamond. This is because some certificates do not show the important measurements influencing cut (such as the pavilion angle and crown angle) and do not provide a subjective ranking of how good the cut was. The other three Cs can be ranked simply by the rating in each category. It requires a trained eye to judge the quality of a diamond cut, and the task is complicated by the fact that different standards are used in different countries (see
1351:(1968) The Ideal and Parker brilliants are disused because their proportions result in (by contemporary standards) an unacceptably low brilliance. The Eulitz cut is the only other mathematically derived benchmark; it is also historically the only benchmark to consider girdle thickness. A more modern benchmark is that set by Accredited Gem Appraisers (AGA). Although their standard generally makes a modern ideal cut it has been criticised for being overly strict. A summary of the different benchmarks is given below:
609:) also feature a rose-like cut; there is some suggestion that Western cutters were influenced by Indian stones, because some of these diamonds may predate the Western adoption of the rose cut. However, Indian "rose cuts" were far less symmetrical as their cutters had the primary interest of conserving carat weight, due to the divine status of diamond in India. In either event, the rose cut continued to evolve, with its depth, number and arrangements of facets being tweaked.
446:, which come in a variety of shapes, many of which were derived from the round brilliant. A diamond's cut is evaluated by trained graders, with higher grades given to stones whose symmetry and proportions most closely match the particular "ideal" used as a benchmark. The strictest standards are applied to the round brilliant; although its facet count is invariable, its proportions are not. Different countries base their cut grading on different ideals: one may speak of the
2222:(AGS), have developed Princess cut grading standards with stringency akin to standards applied to round brilliants. Its higher fire and brilliance compared to other mixed cuts is one reason for the Princess cut's popularity, but more importantly is the fact that, of all the diamond cuts, it wastes the least of the original crystal. Another cut is the Flanders cut, a modified square with cut corners, brilliant facets and is currently being cut by cutters at Russian Star.
834:, or minimum angle for TIR, of 24.4°. Two observations can be made: if the pavilion is too shallow, light meets the pavilion facets within the critical angle, and is refracted (i.e., lost) through the pavilion bottom into the air. If the pavilion is too deep, light is initially reflected outside the critical angle on one side of the pavilion, but meets the opposite side within the critical angle and is then refracted out the side of the stone.
168:
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with working a stone to its best finished form with the least amount of waste. This strategy depends on the quality of the stone and its final proportions. If two diamonds of equal weight are inspected there can be a noticeable difference in size when viewed from above; arguably the most important view. A well cut 0.90ct diamond for example could have the same width as a poorly cut 1.00ct diamond. This phenomenon is known as spread.
1837:
140:
360:
883:
defects are a result of the cutting process, some surface flaws are a result of defects in the natural stone. One example is grain lines (produced when irregular crystallization occurs as a diamond is formed) running across the facet. Severe polish defects may cause the diamond to constantly look like it needs to be cleaned. With poor symmetry, light can be misdirected as it enters and exits the diamond.
1853:
1021:
1845:
2105:
1915:
1707:
1620:
1160:
43:
1107:
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479:, or "Appreciation of Gems", states that the best form in which to have the diamond is in its perfect natural octahedral crystal form, and not as a cut stone, indicating that diamond cutting was widespread practice. Al Beruni also describes the process of diamond grinding using lead plate in the 11th century AD. Agastimata, written before 10th century AD, states:
892:
1130:(the lower half below the girdle). The girdle may be frosted, polished smooth, or faceted. In recent decades, most girdles are faceted; many have 32, 64, 80, or 96 facets; these facets are excluded from the total facet count. Likewise, some diamonds may have small extra facets on the crown or pavilion that were created to remove surface imperfections during the
371:
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1677:(that is, a cut other than the round brilliant), which the particular crystal shape lends itself to. The prevalence and choice of a particular fancy cut is also influenced by fashion; generally speaking, these cuts are not held to the same strict standards as Tolkowsky-derived round brilliants. Most fancy cuts can be grouped into four categories:
988:—which accentuates a diamond's fire and brilliance rather than its luster—is currently gaining popularity. The princess cut is also popular among diamond cutters because, of all the cuts, it wastes the least of the original crystal. Older diamonds cut before ca. 1900 were cut in "primitive" versions of the modern round brilliant, such as the
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eight apical facets are girded by two or more additional rings of facets. The modern mogul cut evolved from earlier faceting techniques originally used to disguise internal flaws in large stones; in the modern day this cut has also become rare, but still finds occasional use where it is less important to showcase a stone's internal
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Cut also affects the color of a diamond. This is especially important when considering fancy colored diamonds, where the slightest shift in color could vastly affect the price of the diamond. Most fancy colored diamonds are not cut in to round brilliants, because whereas the round brilliant is prized
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During the diamond cutting process, the diamond cutter wants to get the heaviest diamond out of a rough stone. However, this can come at the cost of lowering cut grade. If a diamond is too deep, the carat weight increases with a loss of brilliance due to light leakage. Diamond cutters have to contend
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Even with modern techniques, the cutting and polishing of a diamond crystal always results in a dramatic loss of weight; rarely is it less than 50%. The round brilliant cut is preferred when the crystal is an octahedron, as often two stones may be cut from one such crystal. Oddly-shaped crystals such
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the diamond. A diamond's panorama is three-dimensional. Although diamonds are highly symmetrical, light can enter a diamond from many directions and many angles. This factor further highlights the need to reevaluate
Tolkowsky's results, and to recalculate the effects of a diamond's proportions on its
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So-called "cheated" girdles have thicker girdles where the main facets touch the girdle than where adjacent upper girdle facets touch the girdle. These stones weigh more (for a given diameter, average girdle thickness, crown angle, pavilion angle, and table ratio), and have worse optical performance
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This is the most populous category of fancy cut, because the standard round brilliant can be effectively modified into a wide range of shapes. Because their facet counts and facet arrangements are the same, modified brilliants also look (in terms of brilliance and fire interplay) the most like round
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Figure 1 assumes that the "thick part of the girdle" is the same thickness at all 16 "thick parts". It does not consider the effects of indexed upper girdle facets. Figure 2 is adapted from the
Tolkowsky book, originally published in 1919. Since 1919, the lower girdle facets have become longer. As a
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that would result in high weight loss, whereas fancy cuts are typically much more flexible in this regard. The choice of diamond cut is influenced not only by the stone's characteristics but also by cultural and symbolic meanings associated with specific shapes, such as the romantic symbolism of the
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Polish and symmetry are two important aspects of the cut. The polish describes the smoothness of the diamond's facets, and the symmetry refers to alignment of the facets. With poor polish, the surface of a facet may be scratched or dulled, and may cause a blurred or dulled sparkle. While most polish
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Another important point to consider is that
Tolkowsky did not follow the path of a ray that was reflected more than twice in the diamond. However, we now know that a diamond's appearance is composed of many light paths that reflect considerably more than two times within that diamond. Once again, we
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cut, the
Princess 144 cut makes for a lively stone with good scintillation; the extra facets are cut under the girdle rather than subdivided. The extra care required for these sub-girdle facets benefits the finished stone by mitigating girdle irregularity and bearding (hairline fracturing). Today,
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There are several older modified brilliant cuts of uncertain age that, while no longer widely used, are notable for history's sake. They are all round in outline and modify the standard round brilliant by adding facets and changing symmetry, either by dividing the standard facets or by placing new
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Modern cutting technology has allowed the development of increasingly complex and hitherto unthinkable shapes, such as stars and butterflies. Their proportions are mostly a matter of personal preference; however, due to their sharp terminations and diamond's relative fragility, these cuts are more
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Another modification of the round ideal cut that maintains the basic proportions of its angles is the passion cut. This cut's design can be considered the opposite of the hearts and arrows, as it eliminates the arrows in order to capture a different light return from the center of the diamond. The
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is applied to the number and arrangement of light reflections from the internal facets; that is, the degree of "sparkle" seen when the stone or observer moves. Scintillation is dependent on the size, number, and symmetry of facets, as well as on quality of polish. Tiny stones appear milky if their
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Around the turn of the century, the development of motorized rotary saws for cutting diamonds, patented in 1901 by John H. G. Stuurman and in 1902 by Ernest G. H. Schenck, gave cutters creative freedom to separate small stones not detachable by cleaving as they wish and allowed them to waste less.
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The AGS standards changed in 2005 to better match
Tolkowsky's model and Octonus' ray tracing results. The 2005 AGS standards penalize stones with "cheated" girdles. They grade from 0 to 10, with ranges corresponding to single descriptive words: Ideal (0), Excellent (1), Very Good (2), Good (3-4),
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share aspects of both (modified) brilliant and step cuts: they are meant to combine the weight preservation and dimensions of step cuts with the optical effects of brilliants. Typically the crown is brilliant cut and the pavilion step-cut. Mixed cuts are all relatively new, with the oldest dating
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in passing, but a carré's lack of fire and simpler facets are distinctive. They may or may not have a culet. In
Western jewelry dating to before the advent of brilliant-type cuts, shallow step-cut stones were used as lustrous covers for miniature paintings: these are known in the antique trade as
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that was the most famous example of its type. Like the classic rose cut, the mogul cut also lacks a pavilion and a table facet, and its crown is also composed of triangular facets rising to form a point. But in mogul-cut diamonds the rotational symmetry is normally fourfold or eightfold, and the
1901:
with the increased understanding of light dynamics and diamond cutting, many companies have developed new, modified round brilliant cut diamonds. If designed correctly, these extra facets of the modified round brilliant could benefit the overall beauty of a diamond, such as in 91 facet diamonds.
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The world's top diamond cutting and polishing center is India. It processes 11 out of 12 diamonds in jewelry worldwide. The sector employs 1.3 million people and accounts for 14% of India's $ 80 billion of annual exports. Its share in the world polished diamond market is 92% by pieces and 55% by
1824:
are also known as the teardrop shape owing to their resemblance and is considered as a hybrid between the marquise cut and the round brilliant diamond. The stone has one end rounded while the other end is pointed. Pear shape diamonds can opt between varying length and width ratios for the ideal
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The term "hearts and arrows" is used to describe the visual effect achieved in a round brilliant cut diamond with perfect symmetry and angles that exhibit a crisp and complete pattern of hearts and arrows. When viewed under a special magnifying viewer, a complete and precise visual pattern of 8
666:
to the industry), and different arrangement of facets. The old
European cut was the forerunner of modern brilliants and was the most advanced in use during the 19th century and first two decades of the 20th century, prevailing on the market from about 1890 until about 1930. As compared with the
656:
Around 1860, American jeweler Henry Dutton Morse opened the first
American diamond cutting factory in Boston. Assuming that smaller but more beautiful gems will sell better, he went against the dogma of conserving diamond weight at all costs and scientifically studied refraction in diamonds, by
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brilliants), thereby significantly increasing the fire and brilliance of the cut gem, properties that in the
Mazarin were already incomparably better than in the rose. Yet Peruzzi-cut diamonds, when seen nowadays, seem exceedingly dull compared to modern-cut brilliants. Because the practice of
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contains two diamonds whose crude octahedral natural states are maintained, but they are in limpid condition, exhibiting diamond polishing and shaping predating Europe, where the first diamond processing dates back to the mid-14th century AD. As of today, few diamonds with ancient Mughal style
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and named after himself and his wife Marion, the basic Barion cut is an octagonal square or rectangle, with a polished and faceted girdle. The total facet count is 62 (excluding the culet): 25 on the crown; 29 on the pavilion; and 8 on the girdle. This cut can be easily identified by the
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The GIA began grading cut on every grading report for round brilliant beginning in 2006 based on their comprehensive study of 20,000 proportions with 70,000 observations of 2,000 diamonds. The single descriptive words are as follows: Excellent, Very Good, Good, Fair, and
953:
Heart cut or the elegance of the Pear shape. Sometimes the cutters compromise and accept lesser proportions and symmetry in order to avoid inclusions or to preserve carat weight, since the per-carat price of diamond is much higher when the stone is over one carat (200
2373:
So-called "painted" girdles have thinner girdles where the main facets touch the girdle than where adjacent upper girdle facets touch the girdle. These stones have less light leakage at the edge of the stone (for a given crown angle, pavilion angle, and table
1580:
Crown height, pavilion depth, and table diameter are percentages of the total girdle diameter. Because the pavilion angle (and consequently pavilion depth) is so closely tied to total internal reflection, it varies the least between the different standards.
874:(the largest central facet of the crown): a happy medium is sought in a table that is not too small (resulting in larger crown facets and greater fire at the expense of brilliance) or too large (resulting in smaller crown facets and little to no fire).
2306:(resembling two rose cuts united back-to-back). Rose-cut diamonds are seldom seen nowadays, except in antique jewelry. Like the older style brilliants and step cuts, there is a growing demand for the purpose of repairing or reproducing antique pieces.
1819:
were introduced by Lazare Kaplan in the 1960s. Usually noted to have 56 facets, the weight of such diamonds is estimated by measuring the length and width of the stone. A ratio of 1.33 to 1.66 provides a good traditional range of oval-shaped diamonds.
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The dominating round brilliant diamonds are not as trendy as they used to be since the market was overcrowded in the last decades of the century. Simultaneously, giving a fancy diamond cut as a precious jewel on specific celebrations became a part of
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The distance from the viewer's eye to the diamond is important. The 2005 AGS cut standards are based on a distance of 25 centimeters (about 10 inches). The 2004 HCA cut standards are based on a distance of 40 centimeters (16 in).
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Due to the current vogue for brilliant and brilliant-like cuts, step cut diamonds may suffer somewhat in value; stones that are deep enough may be re-cut into more popular shapes. However, the step cut's rectilinear form was popular in the
1995:
running the length of the pavilion terminus. Like other fancy shaped diamonds, emerald cut diamonds can come in a variety of length to width ratios. The most popular and classic outline of emerald cut diamonds are close a value of 1.5.
702:. Just as a two-dimensional slice of a diamond provides incomplete information about the three-dimensional nature of light behavior inside a diamond, this two-dimensional slice also provides incomplete information about light behavior
2409:
VeriGem device to measure light behavior. DGLA in the US and Mumbai, India, PGGL in the US and EGL-USA are both offering versions of this grading in 2008. DGLA has graded thousands of diamonds with this promising direct assessment
813:
Internal brilliance—the percentage of incident light reflected back to the viewer from the rear (pavilion) facets—relies on careful consideration of a cut's interfacial angles as they relate to diamond's RI. The goal is to attain
510:, before which time diamonds were employed in their natural octahedral state—anhedral (poorly formed) diamonds simply were not used in jewelry. The first "improvements" on nature's design involved a simple polishing of the
691:(the amount of white light reflected) and fire into consideration, creating a delicate balance between the two. Tolkowsky's calculations would serve as the basis for all future brilliant cut modifications and standards.
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of cuts. The basic rose cut has a flat base—that is, it lacks a pavilion—and has a crown composed of triangular facets (usually 12 or 24) rising to form a point (there is no table facet) in an arrangement with sixfold
2380:
Several groups have developed diamond cut grading standards. They all disagree somewhat on which proportions make the best cut. There are certain proportions that are considered best by two or more groups however.
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much later. This cut had a shallower pavilion, more rounded shape thanks to Morse's foreman
Charles M. Field who developed mechanical diamond bruting machine to replace manual rounding (the two also introduced
869:
as possible (without exceeding the critical angle) in order to achieve the greatest fanning out or spread of spectral colors. The crown height is related to the crown angle, the crown facet size, and the
1004:
stones, many are recut into modern brilliants to increase their marketability. There is also increasing demand for diamonds to be cut in older styles for the purpose of repairing or reproducing antique
2345:
The relationship between the crown angle and the pavilion angle has the greatest effect on the look of the diamond. A slightly steep pavilion angle can be complemented by a shallower crown angle, and
396:. Cut refers to shape (pear, oval), and also the symmetry, proportioning and polish of a diamond. The cut of a diamond greatly affects a diamond's brilliance—a poorly-cut diamond is less luminous.
2034:, resembling a loaf of bread) was and is the most common form of the step cut: today, it is most often used as an accent stone to flank a ring's larger central (and usually brilliant-cut) stone.
960:
While the round brilliant cut is considered standard for diamond, with its shape and proportions nearly constant, the choice of fancy cut is influenced heavily by fashion. For example, the
597:: it also consisted of triangular facets arranged in a symmetrical radiating pattern, but with the bottom of the stone left flat—essentially a crown without a pavilion. Many large, famous
2026:
jewelry of the period features step-cut stones prominently, and there is a market in producing new step-cut stones to repair antique jewelry or to reproduce it. The slender, rectangular
2388:
The HCA changed several times between 2001 and 2004. As of 2004, an HCA score below two represented an excellent cut. The HCA distinguishes between brilliant, Tolkowsky, and fiery cuts.
2006:
Because both the pavilion and crown are comparatively shallow, step cut stones are generally not as bright and never as fiery as brilliant cut stones, but rather accentuate a diamond's
1276:—are not universally agreed upon. There are at least six "ideal cuts" that have been devised over the years, but only three are in common use as a means of benchmarking. Developed by
720:
In the 1970s, Bruce Harding developed another mathematical model for gem design. Since then, several groups have used computer models and specialized scopes to design diamond cuts.
1991:
gemstones) with an octagonal outline. This is done because sharp corners are points of weakness where a diamond may cleave or fracture. Instead of a culet, step-cut stones have a
2201:: It differs in having a total of 70 facets. Both it and the Barion cut exist in a large number of modified forms, with slightly different facet arrangements and combinations.
2588:"Bonhams : Two highly important Sultanate gem-set gold Rings made for Mu'izz al-Din Muhammad bin Sam (AH 569-602/ AD 1173-1206), the first Muslim conqueror of Delhi (2)"
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Tolkowsky's guidelines, while revolutionary in their day, are not a definitive solution to the problem of finding the optimum proportions of a round brilliant cut diamond.
1604:
694:
Tolkowsky's model of the "ideal" cut is not perfect. The original model served as a general guideline, and did not explore or account for several aspects of diamond cut:
423:, while their theoretical basis was not developed until the turn of the 20th century. Design, creation and innovation continue to the present day: new technology—notably
1599:
cut splits the eight pavilion mains and increases the specifically-placed total facets from 57 to 81. The cut was designed to enhance brilliance and mask inclusions.
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is a variation that adds six kite facets at the margin of the base. The classic rose cut is circular in outline; non-circular variations on the rose cut include the
514:
crystal faces to create even and unblemished facets, or to fashion the desired octahedral shape out of an otherwise unappealing piece of rough. This was called the
483:
The diamond cannot be cut by means of metals and gems of other species; but it also resists polishing, the diamond can only be polished by means of other diamonds
419:
must consider several factors, such as the shape and size of the crystal, when choosing a cut. The practical history of diamond cuts can be traced back to the
645:
had not yet been developed, these early brilliants were all rounded squares or rectangles in cross-section (rather than circular). Given the general name of
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and superlative hardness; a table-cut diamond would appear black to the eye, as they do in paintings of the era. For this reason, colored gemstones such as
2427:
for its ability to reflect white light, the most important characteristic in a fancy colored diamond is its color, not its ability to reflect white light.
2385:
The AGA standards may be the strictest at the upper range of quality. David Atlas developed the AGA standards in the 1990s for all standard diamond shapes.
740:" is apt. The act of polishing a diamond and creating flat facets in symmetrical arrangement brings out the diamond's hidden beauty in dramatic fashion.
713:
can see that Tolkowsky's predictions are helpful in explaining optimal diamond performance, but they are incomplete by today's technological standards.
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has posted several diamond cut studies, by various authors. OctoNus, Moscow State University, Bruce Harding, and others have posted work there.
865:: light exiting the stone (after reflection from the pavilion facets) should meet the crown facets at as great an angle of incidence from the
2572:
526:. By the mid 15th century, the point cut began to be improved upon: the top of the octahedron would be polished or ground off, creating the
2413:"Brilliancescope" by Gemex is another assessment light behavior technology in use by many US and now foreign retailers and diamond cutters.
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1975:
Stones whose outlines are either square or rectangular and whose facets are rectilinear and arranged parallel to the girdle are known as
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The most popular of diamond cuts is the modern round brilliant, whose 57 facets arrangements and proportions have been perfected by both
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back to the 1960s. They have been extremely successful commercially and continue to gain popularity, loosening the foothold of the
810:); while it is directly related to RI, the quality of a finished gem's polish determines how well a diamond's luster is borne out.
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hearts is seen while looking down through the pavilion, and 8 arrows can be seen when viewing the stone in the table up position.
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deposits, and such diamonds have dull, battered external surfaces often covered by a gummy, opaque skin—a comparison to "lumps of
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28:
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because it is possible to cut two such stones out of one octahedron with minimal loss of weight. If the crystal is malformed or
407:, a number of different diamond cuts have been developed. A diamond cut constitutes a more or less symmetrical arrangement of
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Malecka, Anna (2017). Naming of the Koh-i-Noor and the Origin of Mughal-Cut Diamonds, The Journal of Gemmology, no. 4. 38(8).
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cut (old European). The rose cut is omitted, but it could be considered intermediate between the old single and Mazarin cuts.
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being the top half of the stone, above the girdle), and the size and number of facets that compose it. The crown acts as a
431:—has enabled the development of cuts whose complexity, optical performance, and waste reduction were hitherto unthinkable.
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firms, with the former possessing 86 facets and 12-fold symmetry and the latter with 102 facets and 10-fold symmetry; the
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diamonds, which may be the earliest form of step cut. They are flat stones with large tables and asymmetric outlines.
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771:—which is also relatively high, at 0.044 (as measured from the B-G interval). The flashes of spectral colors—known as
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In its rough state, a diamond is fairly unremarkable in appearance. Most gem diamonds are recovered from secondary or
573:, introduced the technique of absolute symmetry in the disposition of facets using a device of his own invention, the
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The choice of diamond cut is often decided by the original shape of the rough stone, location of internal flaws or
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Diagram of old diamond cuts showing their evolution from the most primitive (point cut) to the most advanced pre-
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was also realised, and some table-cut stones may possess one. The addition of four corner facets created the
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1296:. It was derived from mathematical calculations that considered both brilliance and fire. The benchmark in
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by empirical observations and differs only slightly from the American Standard. Introduced as part of the
538:(or old eight cut). Neither of these early cuts would reveal what diamond is prized for today: its strong
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585:; these were pear-shaped with triangular facets on both sides. About the middle of the 16th century, the
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cutter M. Westreich, with 16 additional facets divided equally between the crown and pavilion; and the
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2214:. It was originally intended for flat rough (macles), but has since become popular enough that some
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is a detailed explanation of the "Holloway Cut Adviser". A web service that uses this software is
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is the most popular cut given to diamond. It is usually the best choice in terms of saleability,
938:, or if inclusions are present at inopportune locations, the diamond is more likely to receive a
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Most round brilliant diamonds have roughly the same girdle thickness at all 16 "thick parts".
755:), is fairly high compared with that of most other gems. Diamond's RI is responsible for its
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looking pear-shaped diamond. Length to width ratios between 1.45 and 1.75 are most common.
826:(the angle formed by the pavilion facets and girdle plane) such that the reflected light's
775:—are a function of this dispersion, but are, like brilliance, only apparent after cutting.
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enabled the development of modern diamond cutting and diamond cuts, chief among them the
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of "How pavilion angle and girdle thickness affect the best crown angle and table size".
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2632:"Book Review: American Cut, The First 100 Years by Al Gilbertson | GemWise / rwwise.com"
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have been in use since the mid-16th century. Like the step cuts, they were derived from
2349:. This trade-off has been quantified by independent authors, using various approaches.
2041:; they are also characteristic of antique jewelry. They may resemble the square-shaped
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The size of a diamond may also be a factor. Tiny (< 0.02 carats ) diamonds—known as
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pattern (as seen through the table) created by the pavilion facets, as well as by the
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1036:). This is because a full-cut brilliant of such small size would appear milky to the
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846:), whereas larger stones appear lifeless if their facets are too large or too few.
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When designing a diamond cut, two primary factors are considered. Foremost is the
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The modern round brilliant (Figure 1 and 2) consists of 58 facets (or 57 if the
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Thomas M. Moses. "Diamond cut and grading system". GIA Laboratory and Research.
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Because every facet has the potential to change a light ray's plane of travel,
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modern round brilliant cut, it is inferior in brilliance but superior in fire.
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948:, which are flattened twin octahedron crystals. Round brilliants have certain
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944:(a cut other than a round brilliant). This is especially true in the case of
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1095:
1045:
1037:
954:
921:
843:
752:
144:
3057:
2230:
17:
3037:
Cipriani, Curzio, Borelli, Alessandro, and Lyman, Kennie (US ed.) (1986).
2732:
767:
power—the ability of the material to split white light into its component
370:
2215:
2194:
2019:
1829:
vulnerable to accidental breakage and may therefore be more difficult to
1135:
1065:
1064:
diamonds look like drops of water, and the shape is suitable for diamond
976:
733:
700:
every facet must be considered in any complete calculation of light paths
566:
555:
400:
269:
3066:
2023:
1988:
1886:
1644: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1321:
1297:
1006:
1001:
917:
642:
594:
412:
389:
259:
192:
159:
3076:(9th ed.), pp. 176–268. Rubin & Son n.v.; Antwerp, Belgium.
2211:
2010:(as even the slightest flaw would be highly visible), whiteness, and
1983:
stones. These stones often have their corners truncated, creating an
1301:
629:
620:, they had 17 facets on the crown (upper half). They are also called
570:
2370:(their upper girdle facets appear dark in some lighting conditions).
632:
polisher, later increased the number of crown facets from 17 to 33 (
1815:
cuts; these are the most commonly encountered modified brilliants.
2229:
2190:
2051:
1859:
1851:
1843:
1835:
1115:
1105:
1033:
1019:
1011:
945:
890:
807:
802:
763:
light reflected back to the viewer. Also important is a diamond's
606:
598:
574:
531:
519:
424:
408:
138:
3053:
1787:
for "little boat", because it resembles the hull of a sailboat),
1134:
process. Depending on their size and location, they may hurt the
616:
cuts were introduced in the middle of the 17th century. Known as
2823:
2335:
551:
506:
The history of diamond cuts in Europe can be traced to the late
2836:
Peter Yantzer, American Gem Society Laboratories (2005-03-18).
624:
brilliants as they are seen as a step up from old single cuts.
2098:
2037:
Square step cuts whose corners are not truncated are known as
1908:
1700:
1613:
1153:
909:
weight, and popularity of certain shapes among consumers. The
672:
411:, which together modify the shape and appearance of a diamond
36:
3084:
1110:
Diamond proportions and facets, for the round brilliant cut.
830:(when reaching the pavilion facets) falls outside diamond's
2536:"A History Of Diamond Cutting | Antique Jewelry University"
1052:
diamond has romantic symbolism, so it is a common gift for
475:
as early as the sixth century AD. A sixth-century treatise
2954:"The Diamond Cut – How to Maximize your Diamond's Sparkle"
2868:
W. Eulitz (1968). "The Optics of Brilliant-Cut Diamonds".
2766:
2309:
Related to the rose cut, and of similar antiquity, is the
1256:
While the facet count is standard, the actual proportions—
1098:(due to its relatively "safe" shape), and desired optics.
842:
scintillation is too great (due to the limitations of the
2555:
Manutchehr-Danai, Mohsen, ed. (2009), "Agastimata book",
913:
must consider each of these variables before proceeding.
518:
and dates from the mid 14th century; by 1375 there was a
493:
A 12th- or early 13th-century diamond ring attributed to
3039:
Simon & Schuster's Guide to Gems and Precious Stones
2979:"New GIA Diamond Grading Report and GIA Diamond Dossier"
1869:
ones in different arrangements. These cuts include: the
2352:
Other proportions also affect the look of the diamond:
1146:
result, the pavilion main facets have become narrower.
2359:
The length of the lower girdle facets affects whether
2812:
Cut fuels the diamond’s fire, sparkle, and brilliance
2197:-shaped facets on the pavilion. A similar cut is the
1032:—are usually given simplified cuts (i.e., with fewer
471:
The process of diamond cutting has been known in the
1184:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1070:Princess, Cushion, Heart, Pear, Marquise, Radiant,
975:but downplays its fire—was all the rage during the
747:(RI) of a diamond, which, at 2.417 (as measured by
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3041:, pp. 58–68. New York: Simon & Schuster.
2003:, a square modified emerald cut, is also popular.
546:. At the time, diamond was valued chiefly for its
2363:can be seen in the stone, under certain viewers.
1343:(developed in 1929 by Johnson and Roesch), the
1138:of the cut and are therefore considered during
778:Brilliance can be divided into the definitions
481:
388:is a style or design guide used when shaping a
2418:Effect of cut on other diamond characteristics
687:analyzed this cut: his calculations took both
653:—these were common by the early 18th century.
558:were far more popular in jewelry of the era.
8:
2612:"Mughal Cut Diamonds – The Search Continues"
849:A diamond's fire is determined by the cut's
2947:
2945:
2133:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1943:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1735:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1320:), introduced in 1939. It was developed in
657:around 1870 developing what was called the
2838:"The Effects of Indexed Upper Half Facets"
2826:. Diamond shapes. Retrieved on 2013-08-20.
2322:, as with the black and internally opaque
800:("diamond-like") luster is second only to
150:
2677:"Gem Portrait: Old European Cut Diamonds"
2210:, first introduced in 1960 by A. Nagy of
2153:Learn how and when to remove this message
1963:Learn how and when to remove this message
1755:Learn how and when to remove this message
1673:as macles are more likely to be cut in a
1660:Learn how and when to remove this message
1244:Learn how and when to remove this message
1000:section). Although there is a market for
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
2405:Various labs around the world are using
1353:
2749:"What did Marcel Tolkowsky really say?"
2726:
2724:
2722:
2503:
928:). These crystals are usually cut into
324:
303:
277:
231:
200:
174:
158:
34:Type of cut used when shaping a diamond
2985:. Gemological Institute of America Inc
1987:(after its most common application to
577:. He cut stones in the shape known as
3013:Blodgett, Troy; et al. (GIA) (2006) "
2204:The most successful mixed cut is the
7:
2858:. Spon & Chamberlain. Folds.net.
2131:adding citations to reliable sources
2061:Other forms of the step cut include
1941:adding citations to reliable sources
1733:adding citations to reliable sources
1642:adding citations to reliable sources
1182:adding citations to reliable sources
930:
65:adding citations to reliable sources
2512:"Expedition Magazine - Penn Museum"
2176:Among the first mixed cuts was the
3096:, USA, Vol. 2, No. 4 (Winter 1936)
3090:New Diamond Cuts Break More Easily
2340:proportions of the round brilliant
2180:, introduced in 1971. Invented by
1122:(the top half above the middle or
790:from the surface of the stone—its
25:
1326:Scandinavian Diamond Nomenclature
3094:Gemological Institute of America
3054:HCA: defining ideal cut diamonds
2890:. United States Patent D593,440.
2339:
2103:
1913:
1771:Modified brilliants include the
1705:
1618:
1602:
1158:
1139:
949:
369:
359:
358:
166:
41:
29:Diamond Cut (Bonnie Tyler album)
27:For the Bonnie Tyler album, see
3074:Diamond grading ABC: The manual
3072:Pagel-Theisen, Verena. (2001).
2557:Dictionary of Gems and Gemology
2356:The table ratio is significant.
1894:
1629:needs additional citations for
1169:needs additional citations for
980:
967:—which accentuates a diamond's
940:
895:
443:
442:analysis. Also popular are the
399:In order to best use a diamond
52:needs additional citations for
2675:Federman, David (2022-08-10).
2482:Material properties of diamond
2324:Spirit of de Grisogono Diamond
1339:Other benchmarks include: the
1068:. The most famous shapes are:
961:
926:material properties of diamond
1:
3052:Holloway, Garry (2000–2004).
3010:. Antique Jewelry University.
2767:"Russian gemmological server"
2565:10.1007/978-3-540-72816-0_262
2014:(and therefore good polish).
601:diamonds of old (such as the
458:), to give but two examples.
3008:A History of Diamond Cutting
2282:
1585:Hearts and arrows phenomenon
1126:of the stone) and 25 on the
997:
2787:"Crown and Pavilion Angles"
2652:"Old European Cut Diamonds"
2249:Cushion brilliant, top view
563:Lodewyk (Louis) van Berquem
304:Imitations and enhancements
3126:
2886:Yariv Har (June 2, 2009).
2246:Round brilliant, side view
2218:labs, such as that of the
2173:standard round brilliant.
924:in their rough state (see
786:. The former is the light
392:for polishing such as the
26:
2888:"Gemstone with 81 facets"
2737:. Spon & Chamberlain.
2731:Marcel Tolkowsky (1919).
2237:Round brilliant, top view
916:Most gem-quality diamond
816:total internal reflection
649:—what are known today as
3015:Painting and Digging Out
2850:Marcel Tolkowsky (1919)
2793:. PriceScope. 2009-04-08
2559:, Springer, p. 10,
2392:Fair (5-7), Poor (8-10).
2267:Lentil-shaped, side view
2264:High cabochon, side view
2258:Pear brilliant, top view
2240:Oval brilliant, top view
1877:cuts, both developed by
1118:is excluded); 33 on the
839:scintillation brilliance
522:of diamond polishers at
338:Schiphol Airport robbery
188:Crystallographic defects
2442:Brilliant (diamond cut)
2189:characteristic central
1336:also differs slightly.
1087:Developed c. 1900, the
707:appearance aspects. ...
343:Graff Diamonds robbery
193:Formation and surfacing
3020:Bruton, Eric. (1979).
2274:
1865:
1857:
1849:
1841:
1553:Scandinavian Standard
1314:Feinschliff der Praxis
1313:
1292:) is the benchmark in
1111:
1025:
1017:
905:, the preservation of
898:
818:(TIR) by choosing the
715:
709:
530:. The importance of a
491:
148:
2952:Naturski, Sebastian.
2437:List of gemstone cuts
2277:Various forms of the
2233:
1863:
1855:
1847:
1839:
1334:Scandinavian Standard
1109:
1102:Facet count and names
1023:
1015:
950:requisite proportions
894:
710:
696:
452:Scandinavian Standard
429:computer-aided design
348:Belgium diamond heist
142:
3088:Ware, J. W. (1936).
3017:", GIA article 2006.
2958:Your Diamond Teacher
2220:American Gem Society
2127:improve this section
2050:. Characteristic of
1937:improve this section
1822:Pear-shaped diamonds
1817:Oval-shaped diamonds
1729:improve this section
1638:improve this article
1316:, also known as the
1178:improve this article
979:period, whereas the
498:faceting are known.
333:Millennium Dome raid
260:The diamond industry
61:improve this article
2939:. gemappraisers.com
2714:U.S. patent 732118A
2701:U.S. patent 694215A
2467:Diamond enhancement
2315:Great Mogul diamond
2288:rotational symmetry
2270:Cabochon, side view
2252:Rose cut, side view
2226:Rose and mogul cuts
1697:Modified brilliants
1679:modified brilliants
1527:Practical Fine Cut
1290:Tolkowsky Brilliant
1284:(also known as the
1058:wedding anniversary
878:Polish and symmetry
784:internal brilliance
780:external brilliance
561:In or around 1476,
473:Indian subcontinent
405:material properties
183:Material properties
154:Part of a series on
2983:diamondcut.gia.edu
2791:www.pricescope.com
2334:The "Cut" of the "
2313:, named after the
2275:
2243:Rose cut, top view
1885:cut, developed by
1866:
1858:
1850:
1842:
1423:American Standard
1306:Practical Fine Cut
1112:
1026:
1018:
899:
828:angle of incidence
664:dimensional gauges
593:was introduced in
255:Synthetic diamonds
240:Diamond (gemstone)
149:
2914:"Faceting Limits"
2899:Paulsen, Jasper.
2870:Gems and Gemology
2574:978-3-540-72816-0
2492:Synthetic diamond
2361:Hearts and arrows
2304:double Dutch rose
2302:(hexagonal), and
2255:Step cut, octagon
2163:
2162:
2155:
1973:
1972:
1965:
1765:
1764:
1757:
1670:
1669:
1662:
1578:
1577:
1501:Parker Brilliant
1449:Eulitz Brilliant
1304:countries is the
1282:American Standard
1254:
1253:
1246:
1228:
971:, whiteness, and
675:and good jewelry
548:adamantine lustre
448:American Standard
382:
381:
137:
136:
129:
111:
16:(Redirected from
3117:
3067:OctoNus Software
3026:Chilton Book Co.
2995:
2994:
2992:
2990:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2949:
2940:
2934:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2917:
2912:Harding, Bruce.
2910:
2904:
2897:
2891:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2865:
2859:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2833:
2827:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2763:
2757:
2756:
2751:. Archived from
2745:
2739:
2738:
2728:
2717:
2716:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2697:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2508:
2472:Diamond simulant
2290:. The so-called
2261:Step cut, oblong
2186:Basil Watermeyer
2158:
2151:
2147:
2144:
2138:
2107:
2099:
1968:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1948:
1917:
1909:
1864:Princess 144 cut
1760:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1709:
1701:
1665:
1658:
1654:
1651:
1645:
1622:
1614:
1606:
1475:Ideal Brilliant
1354:
1349:Eulitz Brilliant
1347:(1951), and the
1345:Parker Brilliant
1278:Marcel Tolkowsky
1249:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1229:
1227:
1186:
1162:
1154:
931:round brilliants
745:refractive index
685:Marcel Tolkowsky
659:old European cut
489:
373:
362:
361:
170:
151:
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
45:
37:
21:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3114:
3110:Diamond cutting
3100:
3099:
3092:, pp. 4.
3004:
3002:Further reading
2999:
2998:
2988:
2986:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2962:
2960:
2951:
2950:
2943:
2937:Diamond grading
2935:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2911:
2907:
2898:
2894:
2885:
2881:
2867:
2866:
2862:
2849:
2845:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2822:
2818:
2810:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2747:
2746:
2742:
2730:
2729:
2720:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2685:
2683:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2660:
2658:
2656:Jewels by Grace
2650:
2649:
2645:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2596:
2594:
2592:www.bonhams.com
2586:
2585:
2581:
2575:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2520:
2518:
2516:www.penn.museum
2510:
2509:
2505:
2500:
2477:Famous diamonds
2462:Diamond cutting
2452:Diamond clarity
2433:
2420:
2332:
2292:double rose cut
2273:
2228:
2184:diamond cutter
2159:
2148:
2142:
2139:
2124:
2108:
2097:
2048:portrait stones
1969:
1958:
1952:
1949:
1934:
1918:
1907:
1761:
1750:
1744:
1741:
1726:
1710:
1699:
1666:
1655:
1649:
1646:
1635:
1623:
1612:
1596:
1587:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1341:Ideal Brilliant
1332:) in 1969, the
1250:
1239:
1233:
1230:
1187:
1185:
1175:
1163:
1152:
1132:diamond cutting
1104:
1085:
1083:Round brilliant
1054:Valentine's Day
889:
880:
806:(i.e., that of
769:spectral colors
759:—the amount of
730:
681:round brilliant
626:Vincent Peruzzi
504:
495:Muhammad Ghauri
490:
487:
469:
464:
417:Diamond cutters
296:Famous diamonds
278:Cultural impact
250:Diamond cutting
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3123:
3121:
3113:
3112:
3102:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3086:
3070:
3064:
3061:
3050:
3035:
3018:
3011:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2970:
2941:
2929:
2918:
2905:
2892:
2879:
2860:
2852:Diamond Design
2843:
2828:
2824:Diamond shapes
2816:
2804:
2778:
2758:
2755:on 2006-08-27.
2740:
2734:Diamond Design
2718:
2705:
2692:
2667:
2643:
2623:
2603:
2579:
2573:
2547:
2527:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2432:
2429:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2386:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2357:
2331:
2328:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2234:
2227:
2224:
2161:
2160:
2111:
2109:
2102:
2096:
2093:
1971:
1970:
1921:
1919:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1840:High-Light cut
1779:, also called
1763:
1762:
1713:
1711:
1704:
1698:
1695:
1668:
1667:
1626:
1624:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1595:
1592:
1586:
1583:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1286:American Ideal
1270:pavilion angle
1266:pavilion depth
1252:
1251:
1166:
1164:
1157:
1151:
1148:
1103:
1100:
1084:
1081:
1016:Simplified cut
888:
885:
879:
876:
832:critical angle
824:pavilion angle
729:
726:
683:cut. In 1919,
671:These diamond
536:old single cut
503:
500:
485:
468:
465:
463:
460:
380:
379:
378:
377:
367:
353:
352:
351:
350:
345:
340:
335:
327:
326:
322:
321:
320:
319:
314:
306:
305:
301:
300:
299:
298:
293:
288:
280:
279:
275:
274:
273:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
234:
233:
229:
228:
227:
226:
221:
216:
211:
203:
202:
198:
197:
196:
195:
190:
185:
177:
176:
172:
171:
163:
162:
156:
155:
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
33:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3122:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3082:3-9800434-6-0
3079:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3048:
3047:0-671-60430-9
3044:
3040:
3036:
3034:
3033:0-8019-6789-9
3030:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3001:
2984:
2980:
2974:
2971:
2959:
2955:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2933:
2930:
2922:
2919:
2915:
2909:
2906:
2902:
2896:
2893:
2889:
2883:
2880:
2876:(9): 263–271.
2875:
2871:
2864:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2847:
2844:
2839:
2832:
2829:
2825:
2820:
2817:
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2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2457:Diamond color
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2417:
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2408:
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2402:
2394:
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2364:
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2316:
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2301:
2297:
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2289:
2284:
2280:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2187:
2183:
2182:South African
2179:
2174:
2172:
2167:
2157:
2154:
2146:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2112:This section
2110:
2106:
2101:
2100:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2068:Trilliant cut
2064:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2004:
2002:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1967:
1964:
1956:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1922:This section
1920:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1879:New York City
1876:
1872:
1862:
1854:
1846:
1838:
1834:
1832:
1826:
1823:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1791:, triangular
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1769:
1759:
1756:
1748:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1714:This section
1712:
1708:
1703:
1702:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1664:
1661:
1653:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1627:This section
1625:
1621:
1616:
1615:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1600:
1593:
1591:
1584:
1582:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1447:
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1437:
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1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1294:North America
1291:
1287:
1283:
1280:in 1919, the
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1248:
1245:
1237:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1195: –
1194:
1193:"Diamond cut"
1190:
1189:Find sources:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1167:This article
1165:
1161:
1156:
1155:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1108:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1022:
1014:
1010:
1008:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
963:
958:
956:
951:
947:
943:
942:
937:
933:
932:
927:
923:
919:
914:
912:
908:
904:
897:
893:
887:Choice of cut
886:
884:
877:
875:
873:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
847:
845:
840:
835:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
811:
809:
805:
804:
799:
795:
794:
789:
785:
781:
776:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
741:
739:
735:
727:
725:
721:
718:
714:
708:
705:
701:
695:
692:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
668:
665:
660:
654:
652:
651:old mine cuts
648:
644:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
610:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
559:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
501:
499:
496:
484:
480:
478:
474:
467:Ancient India
466:
461:
459:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
432:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
397:
395:
394:brilliant cut
391:
387:
376:
372:
368:
366:
357:
356:
355:
354:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
330:
329:
328:
323:
318:
315:
313:
310:
309:
308:
307:
302:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
283:
282:
281:
276:
271:
268:
266:
265:Blood diamond
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
245:List of mines
243:
241:
238:
237:
236:
235:
230:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
206:
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169:
165:
164:
161:
157:
153:
152:
146:
141:
131:
128:
120:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
76:"Diamond cut"
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
30:
19:
3089:
3073:
3038:
3021:
2987:. Retrieved
2982:
2973:
2961:. Retrieved
2957:
2932:
2921:
2908:
2895:
2882:
2873:
2869:
2863:
2851:
2846:
2831:
2819:
2807:
2795:. Retrieved
2790:
2781:
2770:. Retrieved
2761:
2753:the original
2743:
2733:
2708:
2695:
2684:. Retrieved
2680:
2670:
2659:. Retrieved
2655:
2646:
2635:. Retrieved
2626:
2615:. Retrieved
2606:
2595:. Retrieved
2591:
2582:
2556:
2550:
2539:. Retrieved
2530:
2519:. Retrieved
2515:
2506:
2487:Princess cut
2425:
2421:
2399:
2379:
2351:
2346:
2344:
2333:
2310:
2308:
2303:
2300:Antwerp rose
2299:
2295:
2291:
2278:
2276:
2207:Princess cut
2205:
2203:
2198:
2177:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2164:
2149:
2140:
2125:Please help
2113:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2066:
2062:
2060:
2055:
2054:jewelry are
2047:
2043:Princess cut
2042:
2038:
2036:
2027:
2016:
2005:
1998:
1992:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1974:
1959:
1950:
1935:Please help
1923:
1897:
1891:Princess 144
1890:
1882:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1827:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1780:
1772:
1770:
1768:brilliants.
1766:
1751:
1742:
1727:Please help
1715:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1671:
1656:
1647:
1636:Please help
1631:verification
1628:
1601:
1597:
1588:
1579:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1338:
1333:
1329:
1317:
1305:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1258:crown height
1257:
1255:
1240:
1234:January 2007
1231:
1221:
1214:
1207:
1200:
1188:
1176:Please help
1171:verification
1168:
1144:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1113:
1096:insurability
1088:
1086:
1069:
1061:
1049:
1042:
1029:
1027:
994:old mine cut
993:
989:
985:Princess cut
983:
964:
959:
939:
929:
915:
902:
900:
881:
871:
858:
854:
851:crown height
850:
848:
838:
836:
831:
823:
819:
812:
801:
797:
796:. Diamond's
791:
783:
779:
777:
772:
756:
749:sodium light
742:
738:washing soda
731:
722:
719:
716:
711:
703:
699:
697:
693:
688:
680:
669:
658:
655:
650:
646:
637:
633:
621:
617:
611:
590:
586:
582:
578:
569:polisher of
560:
543:
535:
527:
515:
505:
492:
482:
477:Ratnapariksa
470:
455:
451:
447:
436:mathematical
433:
427:cutting and
398:
385:
383:
317:Enhancements
223:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
2989:28 November
2963:28 November
2797:28 November
2410:technology.
2330:Cut grading
2283:older types
2216:gemological
2199:Radiant cut
2001:Asscher cut
1985:emerald cut
1783:, which is
1777:lemon-shape
1775:(a prolate
1594:Passion cut
1412:34.0–34.7°
1403:42.8–43.2%
1400:14.0–16.3%
1330:Scan. D. N.
1262:crown angle
1150:Proportions
1140:cut grading
1072:Asscher cut
1062:Pear-shaped
855:crown angle
820:crown angle
508:Middle Ages
421:Middle Ages
386:diamond cut
18:Emerald cut
3024:, 2nd ed.
2772:2009-08-08
2686:2023-12-21
2661:2023-12-21
2637:2023-12-21
2617:2024-01-02
2597:2020-03-31
2541:2020-03-31
2521:2020-03-31
2498:References
2447:Cut (gems)
2347:vice versa
2178:Barion cut
2166:Mixed cuts
2143:March 2017
2095:Mixed cuts
2030:(from the
1953:March 2017
1883:High-Light
1807:, and the
1745:March 2017
1687:mixed cuts
1650:March 2017
1610:Fancy cuts
1390:Brilliance
1377:thickness
1357:Benchmark
1318:Eppler Cut
1300:and other
1274:table size
1204:newspapers
903:inclusions
896:Fancy cuts
872:table size
798:adamantine
765:dispersive
757:brilliance
689:brilliance
634:triple-cut
622:double-cut
612:The first
579:pendeloque
540:dispersion
512:octahedral
488:Agastimata
456:Scan. D.N.
444:fancy cuts
232:Production
87:newspapers
3058:available
2856:Figure 37
2814:. gia.edu
2311:mogul cut
2296:briolette
2114:does not
2085:trapezoid
1924:does not
1905:Step cuts
1856:Magna cut
1801:trilliant
1716:does not
1691:rose cuts
1683:step cuts
1675:fancy cut
1372:diameter
1091:brilliant
1050:Heart cut
1046:tradition
1038:human eye
1024:Swiss cut
941:fancy cut
922:octahedra
844:human eye
837:The term
788:reflected
614:brilliant
583:briolette
528:table cut
516:point cut
440:empirical
312:Simulants
291:Symbolism
145:Tolkowsky
3104:Category
3022:Diamonds
2431:See also
2407:ImaGem's
2298:(oval),
2279:rose cut
2195:crescent
2171:de facto
2091:shapes.
2063:triangle
2028:baguette
2022:period.
2020:Art Deco
1981:trap-cut
1898:Princess
1848:King cut
1797:trillian
1793:trillion
1773:marquise
1385:Pavilion
1365:Pavilion
1302:European
1136:symmetry
1128:pavilion
1066:earrings
990:rose cut
977:Art Deco
965:baguette
962:step cut
918:crystals
803:metallic
761:incident
751:, 589.3
734:alluvial
630:Venetian
618:Mazarins
556:sapphire
524:NĂĽrnberg
486:—
401:gemstone
365:Category
270:De Beers
201:The 4 Cs
175:Material
160:Diamonds
117:May 2023
2374:ratio).
2320:clarity
2135:removed
2120:sources
2087:), and
2081:trapeze
2077:lozenge
2024:Antique
2008:clarity
1989:emerald
1945:removed
1930:sources
1887:Belgian
1781:navette
1737:removed
1722:sources
1571:40.75°
1548:99.95%
1455:43.15%
1452:14.45%
1441:40.75°
1406:53–59%
1362:height
1322:Germany
1298:Germany
1218:scholar
1078:, Oval.
1076:Emerald
1007:jewelry
1002:antique
998:History
973:clarity
936:twinned
724:value.
704:outside
647:cushion
643:bruting
638:Peruzzi
595:Antwerp
591:rosette
567:Flemish
462:History
450:or the
413:crystal
390:diamond
375:Commons
286:History
214:Clarity
101:scholar
3080:
3045:
3031:
2681:Worthy
2571:
2212:London
2056:lasque
2052:Indian
2032:French
2012:lustre
1831:insure
1795:(also
1785:French
1689:, and
1574:99.5%
1568:34.5°
1562:57.5%
1559:43.1%
1556:14.6%
1545:40.8°
1542:33.2°
1536:56.0%
1533:43.2%
1530:14.4%
1519:40.9°
1516:25.5°
1510:55.9%
1507:43.4%
1504:10.5%
1496:98.4%
1493:38.7°
1490:41.1°
1484:56.1%
1481:40.0%
1478:19.2%
1467:40.8°
1464:33.6°
1458:56.5%
1444:99.5%
1438:34.5°
1432:53.0%
1429:43.1%
1426:16.2%
1392:grade
1387:angle
1382:angle
1375:Girdle
1367:depth
1310:German
1272:, and
1220:
1213:
1206:
1199:
1191:
1124:girdle
1089:round
1034:facets
969:luster
911:cutter
867:normal
808:metals
793:luster
728:Theory
677:lathes
603:Orloff
599:Indian
571:Bruges
502:Europe
409:facets
363:
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
2901:Graph
2396:Poor.
2191:cross
2039:carré
1977:step-
1895:mixed
1875:Magna
1789:heart
1470:100%
1461:1.5%
1418:100%
1380:Crown
1370:Table
1360:Crown
1225:JSTOR
1211:books
1120:crown
1116:culet
1056:or a
1030:melée
996:(see
981:mixed
946:macle
907:carat
863:prism
859:crown
857:(the
607:Sancy
575:scaif
532:culet
520:guild
425:laser
325:Theft
219:Color
209:Carat
108:JSTOR
94:books
3078:ISBN
3043:ISBN
3029:ISBN
2991:2016
2965:2016
2799:2016
2569:ISBN
2336:4 Cs
2118:any
2116:cite
2089:obus
2083:(or
2073:kite
2065:(or
1999:The
1993:keel
1928:any
1926:cite
1873:and
1871:King
1813:drop
1809:pear
1805:oval
1720:any
1718:cite
1522:Low
1397:AGA
1288:and
1268:and
1260:and
1197:news
1048:. A
992:and
920:are
853:and
822:and
782:and
773:fire
673:saws
628:, a
605:and
587:rose
565:, a
554:and
552:ruby
544:fire
438:and
80:news
2561:doi
2342:).
2129:by
2071:),
1979:or
1939:by
1811:or
1803:),
1799:or
1731:by
1640:by
1180:by
1009:.
957:).
636:or
589:or
581:or
542:or
403:'s
224:Cut
63:by
3106::
2981:.
2956:.
2944:^
2874:12
2872:.
2854:,
2789:.
2721:^
2679:.
2654:.
2590:.
2567:,
2514:.
2326:.
2079:,
2075:,
1833:.
1693:.
1685:,
1681:,
1565:—
1539:—
1513:—
1487:—
1435:—
1415:—
1409:—
1312::
1264:,
1142:.
1074:,
1060:.
955:mg
753:nm
415:.
384:A
3060:.
3049:.
2993:.
2967:.
2916:.
2840:.
2801:.
2775:.
2689:.
2664:.
2640:.
2620:.
2600:.
2563::
2544:.
2524:.
2156:)
2150:(
2145:)
2141:(
2137:.
2123:.
1966:)
1960:(
1955:)
1951:(
1947:.
1933:.
1758:)
1752:(
1747:)
1743:(
1739:.
1725:.
1663:)
1657:(
1652:)
1648:(
1634:.
1328:(
1308:(
1247:)
1241:(
1236:)
1232:(
1222:·
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1174:.
454:(
130:)
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91:·
84:·
57:.
31:.
20:)
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