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This proposal has been criticised by
Vilenkin and Mithani and on different grounds by Aguirre and Kehayias as inconsistent if quantum-mechanical effects are taken into account.
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Ellis, George; Maartens, Roy (January 7, 2004). "The
Emergent Universe: inflationary cosmology with no singularity".
47:) until a rolling scalar field begins inflating it. These models are notable as potentially avoiding both a Big Bang
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scenario is a cosmological model that features the
Universe being in a low-entropy "dormant" state before the
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Aguirre, Anthony; Kehayias, John (November 7, 2013). "Quantum
Instability of the Emergent Universe".
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Mithani, Audrey T.; Vilenkin, Alexander (January 10, 2012). "Collapse of simple harmonic universe".
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and others involves the
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31:. Several such scenarios have been proposed in the literature.
135:Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
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39:A popular version proposed by
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165:10.1088/1475-7516/2012/01/028
82:Classical and Quantum Gravity
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218:10.1103/PhysRevD.88.103504
112:10.1088/0264-9381/21/1/015
27:or the beginning of the
35:"Cosmic egg" scenarios
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25:Big Bang
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51:and a
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