3281:[Brigitte Émile-Zola agrees with Mr. Pagès. "I learned about it at the age of 8 from my grandfather, Dr. Jacques Émile-Zola, son of Émile Zola, who raised me. In 1952, a man came to my grandfather's house to give him information about his father's death. He said that he had been present with a friend in his last moments. The friend confessed to him that when he was working on a building near the one where Zola lived, he was contacted by the antidreyfusards, who asked him to plug the chimney of the writer's room. He was paid to carry out the misdeed. So Zola was indeed murdered. My grandfather passed on this story to all his Zola friends and I have done the same all my life."]
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398:. The 48-year-old Zola fell in love with Jeanne and fathered two children with her: Denise in 1889 and Jacques in 1891. After Jeanne left Médan for Paris, Zola continued to support and visit her and their children. In November 1891 Alexandrine discovered the affair, which brought the marriage to the brink of divorce. The discord was partially healed, which allowed Zola to take an increasingly active role in the lives of the children. After Zola's death, the children were given his name as their lawful surname.
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assisté un ami dans ses derniers instants. Celui-ci s'était confessé à lui en lui expliquant que, lorsqu'il était ouvrier sur un immeuble situé près de celui où habitait Zola, il avait été contacté par les antidreyfusards lui demandant de boucher la cheminée de la chambre de l'écrivain. Il avait été payé pour exécuter ce méfait. Donc Zola a bien été assassiné. Mon grand-père a transmis cette histoire à tous ses amis zoliens et j'ai fait de même toute ma vie.'
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2468:"During the six years I remained there, I was hungry." (page 21) and «"Let us remember how it was at secondary school. Vices had fertile ground, so that one lived in true Roman putrescence. Any cloistered association of people who belong to the same sex is morally reprehensible," he wrote in 1870, and the Goncourts report him lamenting on one occasion that "I had a perverted youth in wretched provincial school. Yes, a rotten childhood!"» (page 23)
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condemnation, an amnesty bill was passed, covering "all criminal acts or misdemeanours related to the
Dreyfus affair or that have been included in a prosecution for one of these acts", indemnifying Zola and Picquart, but also all those who had concocted evidence against Dreyfus. Dreyfus was finally completely exonerated by the Supreme Court in 1906.
1462:"; it is the term used in biology to describe the process whereby the moral and temperamental dispositions of some individuals are unaffected by the hereditary transmission of genetic characteristics. Jean Macquart and Pascal Rougon are two instances of individuals liberated from the blemishes of their ancestors by the operation of the process of
2440:«It is described in a report filed by the Marseille police on April 3, 1845: "We conducted to the Palace of Justice a person named Mustapha, twelve years old, a native of Algiers and a domestic in the service of Monsieur Zola, civil engineer, number 4, rue de l'Arbre, who committed indecent assault on the young Émile Zola, five years old."»
1084:. To an extent, attitudes and value judgments may have been superimposed on that picture with the wisdom of hindsight. Some critics classify Zola's work, and naturalism more broadly, as a particular strain of decadent literature, which emphasized the fallen, corrupted state of modern civilization. Nowhere is the doom-laden image of the
775:, who took up the case, at first discreetly and then increasingly publicly. Meanwhile, further evidence was brought forward by Dreyfus's family and Esterhazy's estranged family and creditors. Under pressure, the general staff arranged for a closed court-martial to be held on 10–11 January 1898, at which Esterhazy was tried
852:. The first judgment was overturned in April on a technicality, but a new suit was pressed against Zola, which opened on 18 July. At his lawyer's advice, Zola fled to England rather than wait for the end of the trial (at which he was again convicted). Without even having had the time to pack a few clothes, he arrived at
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1058:, Brigitte Émile-Zola recounts that her grandfather Jacques Émile-Zola, son of Émile Zola, told her at the age of eight that, in 1952, a man came to his house to give him information about his father's death. The man had been with a dying friend, who had confessed to taking money to plug Emile Zola's chimney.
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In 1862 Zola was naturalized as a French citizen. In 1865, he met Éléonore-Alexandrine Meley, who called herself
Gabrielle, a seamstress, who became his mistress. They married on 31 May 1870. Together they cared for Zola's mother. She stayed with him all his life and was instrumental in promoting his
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His enemies were blamed for his death because of previous attempts on his life, but nothing could be proven at the time. Expressions of sympathy arrived from everywhere in France; for a week the vestibule of his house was crowded with notable writers, scientists, artists, and politicians who came to
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and
Gustave Guiches, who strongly disapproved of the lack of balance of both morals and aesthetics throughout the book's depiction of the revolution. The manifesto accused Zola of having "lowered the standard of Naturalism, of catering to large sales by deliberate obscenities, of being a morbid and
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Brigitte Émile-Zola abonde dans le sens de M. Pagès. 'Je l'ai appris à 8 ans chez mon grand-père, le docteur
Jacques Émile-Zola, fils d'Émile Zola, qui m'a élevée. En 1952, un homme s'est présenté chez mon grand-père pour lui donner une information sur la mort de son père. Il a raconté qu'il avait
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was a French-Jewish artillery officer in the French army. In
September 1894, French intelligence discovered someone had been passing military secrets to the German Embassy. Senior officers began to suspect Dreyfus, though there was no direct evidence of any wrongdoing. Dreyfus was court-martialed,
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In the preface to the first novel of the series, Zola states, "I want to explain how a family, a small group of regular people, behaves in society, while expanding through the birth of ten, twenty individuals, who seem at first glance profoundly dissimilar, but who are shown through analysis to be
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In France, the furious divisions over the
Dreyfus affair continued. The fact of Major Henry's forgery was discovered and admitted to in August 1898, and the Government referred Dreyfus's original court-martial to the Supreme Court for review the following month, over the objections of the General
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when Émile was three years old. In 1845, five-year-old Zola was sexually molested by an older boy. Two years later, in 1847, his father died, leaving his mother on a meager pension. In 1852, Zola entered the Collège
Bourbon as a boarding student. He would later complain about poor nutrition and
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under the headline "Was Zola assassinated?" raised the idea that Zola's death might have been a murder rather than an accident. It is based on the revelation by Norman pharmacist Pierre
Hacquin, who was told by chimney-sweep Henri Buronfosse that he intentionally blocked the chimney of Zola's
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Dreyfus applied for a retrial, but the government countered by offering
Dreyfus a pardon (rather than exoneration), which would allow him to go free, provided that he admit to being guilty. Although he was clearly not guilty, he chose to accept the pardon. Later the same month, despite Zola's
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work. The marriage remained childless. Alexandrine Zola had had a child before she met Zola that she had given up, because she had been unable to take care of it. When she confessed this to Zola after their marriage, they went looking for the girl, but she had died a short time after birth.
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Staff. Eight months later, on 3 June 1899, the
Supreme Court annulled the original verdict and ordered a new military court-martial. The same month Zola returned from his exile in England. Still the anti-Dreyfusards would not give up, and on 9 September 1899 Dreyfus was again convicted.
1198:, the eponymous minister's interventions on behalf of his so-called friends, have their consequences elsewhere, and the reader is witness to some of them. Even Nana, one of Zola's characters most strongly associated with Paris, makes a brief and typically disastrous trip to the country.
1074:. They tell the story of a family approximately between the years 1851 and 1871. These twenty novels contain over 300 characters, who descend from the two family lines of the Rougons and Macquarts. In Zola's words, which are the subtitle of the Rougon-Macquart series, they are
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caused by an improperly ventilated chimney. His funeral on 5 October was attended by thousands. Alfred Dreyfus initially had promised not to attend the funeral, but was given permission by Zola's widow and attended. At the time of his death Zola had just completed a novel,
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The case, known as the Dreyfus affair, deeply divided France between the reactionary army and Catholic Church on one hand, and the more liberal commercial society on the other. The ramifications continued for many years; on the 100th anniversary of Zola's article, France's
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1240:. Essential to Zola's concept of the experimental novel was dispassionate observation of the world, with all that it involved by way of meticulous documentation. To him, each novel should be based upon a dossier. With this aim, he visited the colliery of
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intimately linked to one another. Heredity has its own laws, just like gravity. I will attempt to find and to follow, by resolving the double question of temperaments and environments, the thread that leads mathematically from one man to another."
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Zola said of the affair, "The truth is on the march, and nothing shall stop it." Zola's 1898 article is widely viewed in France as the most prominent manifestation of the new power of the intellectuals (writers, artists, academicians) in shaping
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apartment in Paris. Literary historian Alain Pagès believes that is likely true and Zola's great-granddaughters, Brigitte Émile-Zola and Martine Le Blond-Zola, corroborate this explanation of Zola's poisoning by carbon monoxide. As reported in
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life; but the criticism that his characters are "cardboard" is substantially more damaging. Zola, by refusing to make any of his characters larger than life (if that is what he has indeed done), did not inhibit himself from also achieving
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In the Rougon-Macquart novels, provincial life can seem to be overshadowed by Zola's preoccupation with the capital. However, the following novels (see the individual titles in the Livre de poche series) scarcely touch on life in Paris:
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In 1888, he was given a camera, but he only began to use it in 1895 and attained a near professional level of expertise. Also in 1888, Alexandrine hired Jeanne Rozerot, a 21-year-old seamstress who was to live with them in their home in
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called Summerfield. In early October the family moved to London and then his wife and children went back to France so the children could resume their schooling. Thereafter Zola lived alone in the Queen's Hotel, Norwood. He stayed in
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was such a success, Zola was able to renegotiate his contract with his publisher Georges Charpentier to receive more than 14% royalties and the exclusive rights to serial publication in the press. Subsequently, sales of
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by having wrongfully convicted Alfred Dreyfus to life imprisonment on Devil's Island. Zola's intention was that he be prosecuted for libel so that the new evidence in support of Dreyfus would be made public.
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1098:(and hence by implication of the French defeat). Even in novels dealing with earlier periods of Napoleon III's reign the picture of the Second Empire is sometimes overlaid with the imagery of catastrophe.
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impotent hypochondriac, incapable of taking a sane and healthy view of mankind. They freely referred to Zola's physiological weaknesses and expressed the utmost horror at the crudeness of La Terre."
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the most striking incidents (notably the train crash) take place elsewhere. Even the Paris-centred novels tend to set some scenes outside, if not very far from, the capital. In the political novel
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Although Zola found it scientifically and artistically unjustifiable to create larger-than-life characters, his work presents some larger-than-life symbols which, like the mine Le Voreux in
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forged documents that made it seem as if Dreyfus were guilty, while Picquart was reassigned to duty in Africa. However, Picquart's findings were communicated by his lawyer to the Senator
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Zola expounded the purposes of the "naturalist" novel. The experimental novel was to serve as a vehicle for scientific experiment, analogous to the experiments conducted by
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and shortly afterwards rented a house locally called Penn where he was joined by his family for the summer. At the end of August, they moved to another house in
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are instinct with a vitality which is not human but is the elemental energy of life. Human life is raised to the level of the mythical as the hammerblows of
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Although Zola and Cézanne were friends from childhood, they experienced a falling out later in life over Zola's fictionalised depiction of Cézanne and the
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284:; 2 April 1840 – 29 September 1902) was a French novelist, journalist, playwright, the best-known practitioner of the literary school of
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In Zola there is the theorist and the writer, the poet, the scientist and the optimist – features that are basically joined in his own confession of
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editorials during the Dreyfus affair. As Zola was a leading French thinker and public figure, his letter formed a major turning point in the affair.
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3226:[Hacquin, I'm going to tell you how Zola died. Zola was asphyxiated on purpose. It was us who blocked the chimney of his apartment. ]
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Before his breakthrough as a writer, Zola worked for minimal pay as a clerk in a shipping firm and then in the sales department for the publisher
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Steel Wheels: The Evolution of the Railways and how They Stimulated and Excited Engineers, Architects, Artists, Writers, Musicians and Travellers
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wrote that his goal in writing fiction was to document contemporary society in the tradition of John Steinbeck, Charles Dickens, and Émile Zola.
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The optimist is that other face of the scientific experimenter, the man with an unshakable belief in human progress. Zola bases his optimism on
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Zola strongly claimed that Naturalist literature is an experimental analysis of human psychology. Considering this claim, many critics, such as
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See Émile Zola's speech at the annual banquet of the Students' Association at the Hotel Moderne in Paris, 20 May 1893, published in English by
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3176:"Paris Monuments Panthéon-Close up picture of the interior of the crypt of Victor Hugo (left) Alexandre Dumas (middle) Emile Zola (right)"
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inscribe their names in the registers. On the other hand, Zola's enemies used the opportunity to celebrate in malicious glee. Writing in
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impress the reader with the vivid reality of human beings. The great natural processes of seedtime and harvest, death and renewal in
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During his early years, Zola wrote numerous short stories and essays, four plays, and three novels. Among his early books was
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665:(1901); several of Bruneau's other operas are adapted from Zola's writing. These provided a French alternative to Italian
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Because of Zola's article, ... the intellectual class was accorded the status it still holds as molder of public opinion.
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Studies in European Realism: A Sociological Survey of the Writings of Balzac, Stendhal, Zola, Tolstoy, Gorki and Others
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Studies in European Realism. A Sociological Survey of the Writings of Balzac, Stendhal, Zola, Tolstoy, Gorki and Others
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Zola was brought to trial for criminal libel on 7 February 1898, and was convicted on 23 February and removed from the
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He is considered to be a significant influence on those writers that are credited with the creation of the so-called
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in Paris, but on 4 June 1908, just five years and nine months after his death, his remains were relocated to the
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appeared as a serial in 1867. He was also an aggressive critic, his articles on literature and art appearing in
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series), emphasizes the squalid aspects of the human environment and upon the seamy side of human nature.
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se confondent les caractères physiques et moraux des parents, sans que rien d'eux semble s'y retrouver
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The self-proclaimed leader of French naturalism, Zola's works inspired operas such as those of
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Zola a été asphyxié volontairement. C'est nous qui avons bouché la cheminée de son appartement
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3095:"Thousands March at Funeral of Émile Zola: Municipal Guards Line the Route to Preserve Order"
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322:(originally Francesco Zolla) and Émilie Aubert. His father was an Italian engineer with some
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cycle, which details the history of a single family under the reign of Napoléon III. Unlike
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August, Marilyn (14 December 2000). "IN LATER YEARS, ZOLA SAW WORLD THROUGH A CAMERA".
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Gravestone of Émile Zola at cimetière Montmartre; his remains are now interred in the
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and acquitted. Picquart was detained on charges of violation of professional secrecy.
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Hitchens, Christopher (2001). Letters to a young contrarian. Basic Books. p. xiii.
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of France and in the exoneration of the falsely accused and convicted army officer
3767:. Translated by Bonee, Edith. Foreword by Roy Pascal. London: Hillway Publishing.
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and on the supposed capacity of the human race to make progress in a moral sense.
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Lire, voir, entendre – un avocat pour Zola, pour Dreyfus, contre la terre entière
3155:"Full text of 'Emile Zola Novelist And Reformer An Account Of His Life And Work'"
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Emile Zola Writes a Letter to Alfred Dreyfus at the Height of the Dreyfus Affair
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style. His widowed mother had planned a law career for Émile, but he failed his
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In response Zola risked his career and more, and on 13 January 1898 published
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The poet is the artist in words whose writing, as in the racecourse scene in
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Bernheimer, Charles (1999). "Unknowing Decadence". In Constable, Liz (ed.).
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claimed Zola had committed suicide, having discovered Dreyfus to be guilty.
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accused the highest levels of the French Army of obstruction of justice and
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4082:"The Rougon-Macquart Novels of Emile Zola (for English-speaking Readers)"
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2386:. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 1001.
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in northern France, in February 1884 when a strike was on; he visited La
1128:
1117:
1045:
A 1953 investigation by journalist Jean Bedel published in the newspaper
912:
859:
Zola visited historic locations including a Church of England service at
638:
395:
344:
339:
331:
3625:"Review: In 'Cézanne et Moi,' Zola and the Artist Are Pals. However ..."
2754:
2881:
2829:
1330:, take on the nature of a surrogate human life. The mine, the still in
666:
3878:
The Disappearance of Émile Zola: Love, Literature and the Dreyfus Case
2905:"Émile Zola, Novelist and Reformer: An Account of His Life & Work"
2728:
The Week: A Canadian Journal of Politics, Literature, Science and Arts
933:
798:, who decided that the controversial story would be in the form of an
550:
Captioned "French Realism", caricature of Zola in the London magazine
502:, who in the midst of his literary career resynthesized his work into
3820:
3733:
2188:
1231:
327:
323:
4056:
3294:"How Émile Zola made novels out of gutter voices and ultra-violence"
3136:Émile Zola, Novelist and Reformer: An Account of His Life & Work
916:
was released. The signatories included Paul Bonnetain, J. H. Rosny,
338:; his mother was French. The family moved to Aix-en-Provence in the
300:, which is encapsulated in his renowned newspaper opinion headlined
3980:
3114:"From the archives The tragic death of M. Zola", 30 September 1902"
856:
on 19 July, the start of a brief and unhappy residence in the UK.
422:(1865) attracting police attention, Hachette fired Zola. His novel
1369:
1281:
1241:
1100:
1024:
960:
932:
841:
835:
721:
470:
405:
350:
In 1858, the Zolas moved to Paris, where Émile's childhood friend
118:
4047:
3714:
Zola, the Body Modern: Pressures and Prospects of Representation.
3356:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 50–64.
2872:"World News Briefs; French Paper Apologizes For Slurs on Dreyfus"
2846:"Correspondence Between Emile Zola and Imprisoned Alfred Dreyfus"
4780:
4118:
2296:. Paris, France: Presses universitaires de France. p. 23.
492:
More than half of Zola's novels were part of the twenty-volume
1505:
4114:
3754:
Garden of Zola: Emile Zola and his Novels for English Readers
3482:"Émile Zola to France's Young Generation (1893) – Positivism"
1222:. Claude Bernard's experiments were in the field of clinical
267:
27:
French novelist, journalist, playwright, and poet (1840–1902)
3354:
Perennial Decay: On the Aesthetics and Politics of Decadence
1003:. The ceremony was disrupted by an assassination attempt on
1080:
Most of the Rougon-Macquart novels were written during the
258:
232:
226:
3264:"Émile Zola : ses arrière-petites-filles accusent..."
2666:
The Three Cities Trilogy Complete: Lourdes, Rome and Paris
4105:
References to Émile Zola in historic European newspapers
3471:
Letter from Émile Zola to Jules Lemaître, 14 March 1885.
2214:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
1415:, vies with the colourful impressionistic techniques of
1374:
Luc Barbut-Davray, Portrait of Zola, oil on canvas, 1899
637:
in the 1890s. His works were inspired by the concept of
2400:
Zola et autour d'une oeuvre : Au bonheur des dames
1352:
are seemingly heard underground at Le Voreux, or as in
1264:) and travelled on the railway line between Paris and
763:
came across evidence that implicated another officer,
566:, Émile Zola became wealthy; he was better paid than
377:, only to use this position as a springboard for the
288:, and an important contributor to the development of
255:
223:
3199:
3197:
1532:, that explores the friendship between Zola and the
1427:"), need always amount to a philosophical denial of
910:
published "The Manifesto of the Five" shortly after
867:, Victoria, Zola went to the Oatlands Park Hotel in
306: Zola was nominated for the first and second
264:
229:
4890:
4863:
4820:
4720:
4685:
4626:
4407:
4364:
4346:
4307:
4152:
3846:Newton, Joy (1967). "Émile Zola: impressionniste".
1480:(1937) is a well-received film biography, starring
730:for Thursday 13 January 1898, with the open letter
261:
220:
195:
175:
167:
141:
131:
112:
104:
96:
86:
72:
53:
34:
3093:
2694:. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Museum. p. 143.
1435:", a term of abuse invented by an early critic of
608:Zola's output also included novels on population (
3923:(in French). Paris: Louis Audibert. p. 153.
3218:Hacquin, je vais vous dire comment Zola est mort
3897:Émile Zola: An Introductory Study of His Novels
2976:Bridger, David; Wolk, Samuel (1 January 1976).
2848:. Shapell Manuscript Foundation. Archived from
904:On August 18, 1887, the French daily newspaper
4948:19th-century French dramatists and playwrights
794:. The newspaper was run by Ernest Vaughan and
451:In Paris, Zola maintained his friendship with
354:soon joined him. Zola started to write in the
4792:
4130:
3649:Zola et les mythes: ou, de la nausée au salut
1491:Zola is known to have been an inspiration to
1458:is defined by Zola as that process in which "
8:
3239:L'affaire Dreyfus : vérités et légendes
2928:. Weybridge Society. Spring 2019. p. 24
2397:Sacquin, Michèle; Cabannes, Viviane (2002).
2169:Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
1636:
1627:
1442:
1187:
1151:
1109:advertising the publication of Zola's novel
953:
947:
598:
532:
493:
441:
145:
3859:(in French). Vol. 34. pp. 124–38.
3074:. History Today Volume 52. 9 September 2002
2577:. Farrar Straus Giroux. pp. 614, 615.
2456:. Farrar Straus Giroux. p. 21 and 23.
2373:"Zola, Émile Édouard Charles Antoine"
958:, had been planned, but was not completed.
617:
4799:
4785:
4777:
4137:
4123:
4115:
4002:
3850:(in French). Vol. 33. pp. 39–52.
2602:. Farrar Straus Giroux. pp. 646–648.
1018:, a disgruntled journalist and admirer of
42:
31:
3708:. London: Walter Scott. pp. 131–157.
3204:Mounier-Kuhn, Angélique (8 August 2014).
2759:, Paris : Charpentier, pp. 1–53
2340:"Nomination Database – Literature – 1902"
2318:"Nomination Database – Literature – 1901"
1391:or in the descriptions of the laundry in
1144:(collieries in the northeast of France),
292:. He was a major figure in the political
3788:]. Que sais-je? (in French). Paris:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2357:
1486:Academy Award for Outstanding Production
1220:Introduction à la médecine expérimentale
545:
4025:Émile Zola at InterText Digital Library
2652:. Paris, France: Gallimard. p. 27.
2155:
2025:The Ladies Paradise/The Ladies' Delight
1230:influenced by the natural environment.
440:(1867), Zola started the series called
5033:People from Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
4010:Life of Émile Zola on NotreProvence.fr
3262:Andréa, Alain E. (10 September 2019).
3139:. John Lane, the Bodley Head. p.
3039:"From the Stacks: "Realism in France""
2507:Berg, William J. (24 September 2020).
2480:
2478:
2476:
1070:novels are a panoramic account of the
100:Novelist, journalist, playwright, poet
4993:Deaths from carbon monoxide poisoning
4065:Livres audio gratuits pour Émile Zola
3322:"Rougon-Macquart cycle: Work by Zola"
3015:from the original on 7 September 2022
3005:"The Dreyfus Affair's Living History"
2825:
2823:
2627:. Farrar Straus Giroux. p. 802.
2537:. Farrar Straus Giroux. p. 195.
2502:
2500:
2498:
1528:(2016) is a French film, directed by
952:, about the Dreyfus trial. A sequel,
788:on the front page of the Paris daily
279:
7:
5023:French psychological fiction writers
3870:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
3651:. Pierres vives (in French). Paris:
3292:Cummins, Anthony (5 December 2015).
2936:– via weybridgesociety.org.uk.
2428:. Farrar Straus Giroux. p. 23.
2403:. Bibliothèque nationale de France.
1094:, which culminates in echoes of the
3178:. ParisPhotoGallery. Archived from
2982:. Behrman House, Inc. p. 111.
2781:. Presses universitaires de France.
2562:. p. F-8 – via ProQuest.
1062:Scope of the Rougon-Macquart series
560:From 1877, with the publication of
3529:, preface to 2nd edition, p. viii.
3367:Nelson, Brian (15 February 2007).
3003:Swardson, Anne (14 January 1998).
1599:Jacques Damour et autres nouvelles
941:Zola died on 29 September 1902 of
752:convicted of treason, and sent to
736:, written by Émile Zola about the
726:Front page cover of the newspaper
318:Zola was born in Paris in 1840 to
212:Émile Édouard Charles Antoine Zola
57:Émile Édouard Charles Antoine Zola
25:
4033:Émile Zola at Livres & Ebooks
3935:Works by Émile Zola in eBook form
3548:, preface to 2nd edition, p. xiv.
3419:Garnett, A. F. (1 January 2005).
3398:. Paris, France: Livre de poche.
3133:Vizetelly, Ernest Alfred (1904).
3072:"The Strange Death of Emile Zola"
2947:Watt, Peter (21 September 2017).
2903:Vizetelly, Ernest Alfred (1904).
987:Zola was initially buried in the
863:. After initially staying at the
531:life of painters in Zola's novel
379:coup d'état that made him emperor
116:
5013:French people of Italian descent
4968:20th-century French male writers
4958:19th-century French male writers
4052:Bibliothèque nationale de France
3988:
3790:Presses Universitaires de France
2128:
1607:(1877), short story included in
880:from October 1898 to June 1899.
742:Museum of Jewish Art and History
514:Baron Haussmann's changing Paris
251:
216:
201:
4953:19th-century French journalists
3756:. London: Barrie & Jenkins.
3370:The Cambridge Companion to Zola
3037:Boyd, Ernest (19 August 2013).
2370:Marzials, Frank Thomas (1911).
2268:"Emile Zola Biography (Writer)"
1336:and the locomotive La Lison in
1186:. Though Paris has its role in
995:, where he shares a crypt with
579:were even exceeded by those of
434:. After his first major novel,
5018:French people of Greek descent
4988:Burials at the Panthéon, Paris
4983:Burials at Montmartre Cemetery
4943:Naturalized citizens of France
4584:Nana, the True Key of Pleasure
3373:. Cambridge University Press.
2792:Richard Langham Smith (2001).
1845:(1903, published posthumously)
1514:is based on Zola's 1883 novel
624:("not a day without a line").
1:
4973:20th-century French novelists
4963:19th-century French novelists
3880:. London: Faber & Faber.
3332:Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
2692:Books : a living history
2217:(5th ed.). HarperCollins
1859:Works translated into English
1498:Letters to a Young Contrarian
1138:(an unnamed cathedral city),
4200:Son Excellence Eugène Rougon
3963:Works by or about Émile Zola
2926:Weybridge Society Newsletter
2919:"Zola in Exile in Weybridge"
2509:"Émile Zola | French author"
1987:His Excellency Eugène Rougon
1680:Son Excellence Eugène Rougon
1212:Les Romanciers naturalistes,
1195:Son Excellence Eugène Rougon
330:in 1795, and engineered the
4978:Accidental deaths in France
4748:A Studio at Les Batignolles
4576:The Demise of Father Mouret
3987:(public domain audiobooks)
3462:, Paris: 1903, pp. 126–129.
3460:Les Romanciers naturalistes
3214:(in French). pp. 8–9.
2979:The New Jewish Encyclopedia
1930:The Mysteries of Marseilles
896:, the media and the state.
461:Paul Alexis Reading to Zola
5064:
5038:People of Venetian descent
3508:http://www.positivists.org
3449:, London: 1950, pp. 91–95.
2242:Collins English Dictionary
1981:The Fortune of the Rougons
1425:dépourvus de libre arbitre
1132:(peasant life in Beauce),
765:Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy
711:
326:ancestry, who was born in
308:Nobel prizes in literature
171:Éléonore-Alexandrine Meley
5043:Unsolved deaths in France
4316:Les Mystères de Marseille
4193:La Faute de l'Abbé Mouret
3815:Mitterand, Henri (1999).
3780:Mitterand, Henri (1986).
3728:Hemmings, F.W.J. (1966).
3674:Farrar, Straus and Giroux
3668:Brown, Frederick (1995).
3206:"L'asphyxie d'Émile Zola"
2777:Mitterand, Henri (1986).
2734:(4): 61. 27 December 1883
2669:. Library of Alexandria.
2623:Brown, Frederick (1995).
2598:Brown, Frederick (1995).
2573:Brown, Frederick (1995).
2533:Brown, Frederick (1995).
2452:Brown, Frederick (1995).
2424:Brown, Frederick (1995).
2292:Mitterand, Henri (2002).
1672:La Faute de l'Abbé Mouret
1564:Les Mystères de Marseille
1400:La Faute de l'Abbé Mouret
1355:La Faute de l'Abbé Mouret
1167:La Faute de l'Abbé Mouret
943:carbon monoxide poisoning
900:The Manifesto of the Five
424:Les Mystères de Marseille
200:
41:
5028:Lycée Saint-Louis alumni
4070:31 December 2010 at the
4015:25 December 2017 at the
3561:, vol. 22, Paris: 1928,
3542:, vol. 34, Paris: 1928,
3523:, vol. 34, Paris: 1928,
2012:The Conquest of Plassans
1441:(a novel which predates
1365:
1218:and expounded by him in
1202:Quasi-scientific purpose
773:Auguste Scheurer-Kestner
410:Zola early in his career
5008:French male journalists
4186:La Conquête de Plassans
4080:Woehr, Jack J. (2004).
3327:Encyclopædia Britannica
2804:Oxford University Press
2560:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
2513:Encyclopedia Britannica
2383:Encyclopædia Britannica
2195:Oxford University Press
2144:List of unsolved deaths
2050:The Bright Side of Life
1664:La Conquête de Plassans
1587:Nouveaux Contes à Ninon
1557:La Confession de Claude
1397:or in many passages of
1161:La Conquête de Plassans
989:Cimetière de Montmartre
570:, for example. Because
487:São Paulo Museum of Art
420:La Confession de Claude
4756:The Life of Emile Zola
4740:Portrait of Emile Zola
4686:Television adaptations
4096:Works about Émile Zola
3782:Zola et le naturalisme
3712:Harrow, Susan (2010).
2949:"Zola's bicycle women"
2779:Zola et le naturalisme
2690:Martyn, Lyons (2011).
2294:Zola et le naturalisme
2031:The Sin of Abbé Mouret
1936:The Fête at Coqueville
1637:
1628:
1477:The Life of Émile Zola
1443:
1433:la littérature putride
1375:
1297:
1291:Portrait of Émile Zola
1188:
1152:
1122:
1088:so clearly seen as in
1042:
1037:and Émile Zola at the
970:
954:
948:
938:
845:
744:
618:
599:
557:
533:
494:
489:
442:
411:
375:French Second Republic
188:Émilie Aubert (mother)
146:
5003:French male novelists
4165:La Fortune des Rougon
4048:Émile Zola exhibition
3972:Émile Zola Collection
3752:King, Graham (1978).
3237:Pagès, Alain (2019).
2756:Le Roman expérimental
2650:La Fortune des Rougon
2191:UK English Dictionary
1639:La Fortune des Rougon
1593:Le Roman Experimental
1495:as found in his book
1421:Pierre-Auguste Renoir
1373:
1285:
1208:Le Roman expérimental
1154:La Fortune des Rougon
1104:
1082:French Third Republic
1028:
964:
936:
839:
829:, apologised for its
725:
620:Nulla dies sine linea
549:
518:Industrial Revolution
483:Reading to Émile Zola
474:
409:
290:theatrical naturalism
4710:The Ladies' Paradise
4235:Au Bonheur des Dames
3857:Cahiers naturalistes
3855:Newton, Joy (1967).
3848:Cahiers naturalistes
3819:(in French). Paris:
3724:. OCLC 9781906540760
3647:Borie, Jean (1971).
3559:Les Œuvres complètes
3540:Les Œuvres complètes
3521:Les Œuvres complètes
3394:Zola, Émile (2003).
2753:Zola, Émile (1902),
2663:Zola, Émile (2005).
2648:Zola, Émile (1981).
1826:Les Quatre Évangiles
1720:Au Bonheur des Dames
1610:Les Soirées de Médan
1517:Au Bonheur des Dames
1493:Christopher Hitchens
1072:Second French Empire
937:Zola on his deathbed
840:Portrait of Zola by
512:, in the context of
4643:L'attaque du moulin
4627:Musical adaptations
4496:Shop Girls of Paris
4397:Les Quatre journées
4155:Les Rougon-Macquart
3996:Works by Émile Zola
3981:Works by Émile Zola
3976:Harry Ransom Center
3953:Works by Émile Zola
3944:Works by Émile Zola
3917:Warembourg, Nicolas
3786:Zola and Naturalism
3506:on 11 June 1893 at
3299:The Daily Telegraph
3009:The Washington Post
1973:The Rougon-Macquart
1943:Modern translations
1630:Les Rougon-Macquart
1605:L'Attaque du moulin
1444:Les Rougon-Macquart
1096:Franco-Prussian War
769:Hubert-Joseph Henry
629:Gustave Charpentier
595:Joris-Karl Huysmans
495:Les Rougon-Macquart
444:Les Rougon-Macquart
362:examination twice.
148:Les Rougon-Macquart
48:Self-portrait, 1902
5048:Writers from Paris
4179:Le Ventre de Paris
4038:4 May 2016 at the
3901:Secker and Warburg
3864:Richardson, Joanna
3629:The New York Times
3601:. BBC. 17 May 2012
3504:The New York Times
3484:. 14 November 2012
3100:The New York Times
2877:The New York Times
2799:Grove Music Online
2342:. Nobel Foundation
2320:. Nobel Foundation
2043:The Belly of Paris
1656:Le Ventre de Paris
1534:Post-Impressionist
1470:In popular culture
1431:. The creator of "
1406:Le Ventre de Paris
1376:
1298:
1268:(when researching
1123:
1121:, 25 November 1884
1043:
971:
939:
846:
802:to the president,
796:Georges Clemenceau
756:in French Guiana.
745:
601:Académie française
558:
505:La Comédie Humaine
490:
412:
310:in 1901 and 1902.
281:[emilzɔla]
4915:
4914:
4774:
4773:
4298:Le Docteur Pascal
4057:Lorgues, Plassans
3948:Project Gutenberg
3886:978-0-57131-201-6
3830:978-2-213-60083-3
3799:978-2-13-039642-0
3716:Legenda: London.
3683:978-0-374-29742-8
3672:. New York City:
3653:Éditions du Seuil
3623:(29 March 2017).
3564:Le Docteur Pascal
3241:. Paris: Perrin.
3102:. 6 October 1902.
2884:. 13 January 1998
2813:978-1-56159-263-0
2724:"Literary gossip"
2676:978-1-4655-2672-4
1792:Le Docteur Pascal
1173:Le Docteur Pascal
861:Westminster Abbey
591:Guy de Maupassant
243:
209:
208:
132:Literary movement
76:29 September 1902
16:(Redirected from
5055:
4801:
4794:
4787:
4778:
4568:The Game Is Over
4544:La Bestia humana
4408:Film adaptations
4242:La joie de vivre
4214:Une page d'amour
4139:
4132:
4125:
4116:
4100:Internet Archive
4092:
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4088:
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3991:
3967:Internet Archive
3924:
3912:
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3811:
3776:
3749:
3709:
3702:(1898). "Zola".
3695:
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3599:BBC Media Centre
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3267:L'Orient-Le Jour
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3182:on 19 April 2012
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2136:Biography portal
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2074:The Beast Within
2058:The Drinking Den
1801:Les Trois Villes
1728:La joie de vivre
1696:Une page d'amour
1642:
1633:
1624:) novella (1880)
1530:Danièle Thompson
1446:
1306:Honoré de Balzac
1278:Characterisation
1237:La Cousine Bette
1191:
1157:
1147:La Joie de vivre
1055:L'Orient-Le Jour
1017:
957:
951:
922:Paul Margueritte
854:Victoria Station
850:Legion of Honour
761:Georges Picquart
623:
604:
538:
497:
447:
283:
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5052:
4918:
4917:
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4911:
4886:
4859:
4816:
4805:
4775:
4770:
4751:(1870 painting)
4743:(1868 painting)
4716:
4681:
4654:(1903 oratorio)
4622:
4552:Lovers of Paris
4488:La Bête Humaine
4432:Maddalena Ferat
4403:
4360:
4342:
4330:Madeleine Férat
4303:
4277:La Bête humaine
4148:
4143:
4086:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4072:Wayback Machine
4059:
4042:
4040:Wayback Machine
4027:
4019:
4017:Wayback Machine
3989:
3939:Standard Ebooks
3931:
3915:
3891:
3854:
3845:
3831:
3814:
3800:
3779:
3759:
3738:Clarendon Press
3727:
3700:Ellis, Havelock
3698:
3684:
3667:
3646:
3643:
3641:Further reading
3638:
3637:
3621:Holden, Stephen
3619:
3618:
3614:
3604:
3602:
3593:
3592:
3588:
3575:
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3552:
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3501:
3497:
3487:
3485:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3470:
3466:
3457:
3453:
3445:György Lukács,
3444:
3440:
3433:
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3413:
3406:
3393:
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3388:
3381:
3366:
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3174:
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3169:
3159:
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3132:
3131:
3127:
3122:. 29 June 2002.
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2843:
2839:
2830:J'accuse letter
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2134:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2066:The Masterpiece
1949:Madeleine Férat
1945:
1861:
1856:
1768:La Bête humaine
1580:Madeleine Férat
1552:
1550:French language
1547:
1472:
1368:
1366:Zola's optimism
1360:Book of Genesis
1339:La Bête humaine
1310:Charles Dickens
1280:
1271:La Bête humaine
1256:Sedan, Ardennes
1204:
1189:La Bête humaine
1068:Rougon-Macquart
1064:
1031:Alexandre Dumas
1020:Édouard Drumont
1011:
1001:Alexandre Dumas
982:Henri Rochefort
977:L'Intransigeant
931:
918:Lucien Descaves
902:
865:Grosvenor Hotel
720:
712:Main articles:
710:
647:Hippolyte Taine
541:The Masterpiece
469:
467:Literary output
404:
387:
336:Aix-en-Provence
316:
276:
254:
245:
244:
219:
215:
191:
161:Madeleine Férat
91:Panthéon, Paris
81:
77:
67:
61:
59:
58:
49:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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4913:
4912:
4910:
4909:
4902:
4894:
4892:
4888:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4883:(2001 musical)
4880:Thou Shalt Not
4876:
4872:Thérèse Raquin
4867:
4865:
4861:
4860:
4858:
4857:
4849:
4841:
4837:Thérèse Raquin
4833:
4829:Thérèse Raquin
4824:
4822:
4818:
4817:
4813:Thérèse Raquin
4806:
4804:
4803:
4796:
4789:
4781:
4772:
4771:
4769:
4768:
4764:Cézanne et Moi
4760:
4752:
4744:
4736:
4731:
4724:
4722:
4718:
4717:
4715:
4714:
4706:
4698:
4689:
4687:
4683:
4682:
4680:
4679:
4675:Thérèse Raquin
4671:
4670:(2001 musical)
4667:Thou Shalt Not
4663:
4655:
4647:
4639:
4630:
4628:
4624:
4623:
4621:
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4604:
4596:
4588:
4580:
4572:
4564:
4556:
4548:
4540:
4532:
4524:
4516:
4512:Thérèse Raquin
4508:
4500:
4492:
4484:
4476:
4468:
4464:Thérèse Raquin
4460:
4452:
4444:
4436:
4428:
4420:
4411:
4409:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4393:
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4362:
4361:
4359:
4358:
4350:
4348:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4340:
4333:
4326:
4323:Thérèse Raquin
4319:
4311:
4309:
4305:
4304:
4302:
4301:
4294:
4287:
4280:
4273:
4266:
4259:
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4093:
4077:
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4054:
4045:
4030:
4022:
4007:
3993:
3978:
3969:
3960:
3950:
3941:
3930:
3929:External links
3927:
3926:
3925:
3913:
3889:
3874:Rosen, Michael
3871:
3861:
3852:
3843:
3829:
3812:
3798:
3777:
3761:Lukács, György
3757:
3750:
3725:
3710:
3696:
3682:
3665:
3642:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3612:
3586:
3569:
3550:
3545:Thérèse Raquin
3531:
3526:Thérèse Raquin
3512:
3495:
3473:
3464:
3451:
3438:
3431:
3411:
3405:978-2253003656
3404:
3386:
3379:
3359:
3344:
3313:
3284:
3254:
3248:978-2262074944
3247:
3229:
3193:
3167:
3146:
3125:
3105:
3085:
3063:
3029:
2995:
2989:978-0874411201
2988:
2968:
2939:
2910:
2895:
2863:
2852:on 7 July 2012
2837:
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2462:
2444:
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2416:
2409:
2389:
2378:Chisholm, Hugh
2353:
2331:
2309:
2303:978-2130525103
2302:
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2016:
2008:
2002:
1996:
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1984:
1969:
1968:
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1956:Thérèse Raquin
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1572:Thérèse Raquin
1568:
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1553:
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1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1525:Cézanne et Moi
1521:
1502:
1489:
1471:
1468:
1438:Thérèse Raquin
1367:
1364:
1319:verisimilitude
1279:
1276:
1216:Claude Bernard
1203:
1200:
1063:
1060:
1005:Alfred Dreyfus
930:
927:
901:
898:
894:public opinion
844:, 3 March 1898
754:Devil's Island
749:Alfred Dreyfus
738:Dreyfus affair
714:Dreyfus affair
709:
708:Dreyfus affair
706:
674:new journalism
651:Alfred Bruneau
643:Claude Bernard
468:
465:
437:Thérèse Raquin
428:Villemessant's
416:Contes à Ninon
403:
400:
386:
383:
315:
312:
298:Alfred Dreyfus
294:liberalization
207:
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198:
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155:Thérèse Raquin
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83:
80:(aged 62)
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4757:
4753:
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4742:
4741:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4729:
4728:François Zola
4726:
4725:
4723:
4719:
4713:(2015 series)
4712:
4711:
4707:
4705:(2012 series)
4704:
4703:
4699:
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4691:
4690:
4688:
4684:
4677:
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4659:Naïs Micoulin
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3893:Wilson, Angus
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3722:9781906540760
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3644:
3640:
3632:. p. C8.
3631:
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3582:9780465030323
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3432:9780955025709
3428:
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3407:
3401:
3397:
3390:
3387:
3382:
3380:9781139827270
3376:
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3014:
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3006:
2999:
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2985:
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2972:
2969:
2957:
2956:The Great Wen
2950:
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2940:
2927:
2920:
2914:
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2794:"Zola, Emile"
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2184:"Zola, Émile"
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2114:Doctor Pascal
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1302:György Lukács
1296:
1295:Musée d'Orsay
1292:
1288:
1287:Édouard Manet
1284:
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1107:Léon Choubrac
1103:
1099:
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1086:Second Empire
1083:
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1050:
1049:
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1015:
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1009:Louis Grégori
1006:
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878:Upper Norwood
874:
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834:
832:
828:
827:
823:daily paper,
822:
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521:
519:
515:
511:
510:Second Empire
507:
506:
501:
496:
488:
485:, 1869–1870,
484:
482:
477:
473:
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372:
368:
363:
361:
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348:
346:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
320:François Zola
313:
311:
309:
305:
304:
299:
295:
291:
287:
282:
272:
248:
237:
213:
204:
199:
194:
187:
184:
183:François Zola
181:
180:
178:
174:
170:
166:
163:
162:
157:
156:
150:
149:
144:
142:Notable works
140:
137:
134:
130:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
92:
89:
87:Resting place
85:
82:Paris, France
75:
71:
68:Paris, France
56:
52:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
4904:
4897:
4878:
4875:(2001 opera)
4870:
4851:
4843:
4835:
4827:
4811:
4807:
4762:
4754:
4746:
4738:
4708:
4702:The Paradise
4700:
4692:
4678:(2001 opera)
4673:
4665:
4662:(1907 opera)
4657:
4649:
4646:(1893 opera)
4641:
4638:(1891 opera)
4633:
4614:
4606:
4598:
4590:
4582:
4574:
4566:
4558:
4550:
4542:
4534:
4526:
4520:Human Desire
4518:
4510:
4502:
4494:
4486:
4478:
4472:The Struggle
4470:
4462:
4454:
4446:
4438:
4430:
4422:
4414:
4395:
4389:L'Enfant roi
4387:
4379:
4371:
4355:J'Accuse...!
4353:
4337:L'Inondation
4335:
4328:
4321:
4314:
4308:Other novels
4296:
4289:
4282:
4275:
4268:
4261:
4254:
4247:
4240:
4233:
4226:
4219:
4212:
4205:
4198:
4191:
4184:
4177:
4170:
4163:
4153:
4145:
4085:. Retrieved
4020:(in English)
4000:Open Library
3920:
3896:
3877:
3867:
3856:
3847:
3816:
3785:
3781:
3764:
3753:
3729:
3713:
3705:Affirmations
3704:
3670:Zola: A Life
3669:
3648:
3627:
3615:
3605:26 September
3603:. Retrieved
3598:
3589:
3572:
3562:
3558:
3557:Émile Zola,
3553:
3543:
3539:
3538:Émile Zola,
3534:
3524:
3520:
3519:Émile Zola,
3515:
3503:
3498:
3486:. Retrieved
3476:
3467:
3459:
3458:Émile Zola,
3454:
3446:
3441:
3425:. Cannwood.
3421:
3414:
3395:
3389:
3369:
3362:
3353:
3347:
3325:
3316:
3304:. Retrieved
3297:
3287:
3277:
3270:. Retrieved
3266:
3257:
3238:
3232:
3221:
3217:
3215:
3209:
3184:. Retrieved
3180:the original
3170:
3158:. Retrieved
3149:
3135:
3128:
3119:The Guardian
3117:
3108:
3099:
3088:
3076:. Retrieved
3066:
3054:. Retrieved
3042:
3032:
3024:
3017:. Retrieved
3008:
2998:
2978:
2971:
2959:. Retrieved
2955:
2942:
2930:. Retrieved
2925:
2913:
2898:
2886:. Retrieved
2875:
2866:
2854:. Retrieved
2850:the original
2840:
2797:
2787:
2778:
2772:
2761:, retrieved
2755:
2748:
2736:. Retrieved
2731:
2727:
2718:
2691:
2685:
2665:
2658:
2649:
2643:
2625:Zola: A Life
2624:
2618:
2600:Zola: A Life
2599:
2593:
2575:Zola: A Life
2574:
2568:
2559:
2553:
2535:Zola: A Life
2534:
2528:
2516:. Retrieved
2512:
2489:
2467:
2454:Zola: A Life
2453:
2447:
2439:
2426:Zola: A Life
2425:
2419:
2399:
2392:
2381:
2344:. Retrieved
2334:
2322:. Retrieved
2312:
2293:
2287:
2275:. Retrieved
2271:
2262:
2250:. Retrieved
2240:
2231:
2219:. Retrieved
2212:
2203:
2187:
2178:
2167:
2158:
2112:
2104:
2096:
2088:
2080:
2072:
2064:
2061:(2000, 2021)
2056:
2048:
2037:A Love Story
2027:(1995, 2001)
2010:
1976:(1993–2021)
1971:
1970:
1962:
1959:(1995, 2013)
1954:
1948:
1935:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1919:(Unfinished)
1916:
1910:
1904:
1899:Fruitfulness
1898:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1865:The 3 Cities
1864:
1863:
1862:
1851:(unfinished)
1848:
1842:
1836:
1830:
1825:
1817:
1811:
1805:
1800:
1790:
1782:
1774:
1766:
1758:
1750:
1742:
1734:
1726:
1718:
1710:
1702:
1694:
1686:
1678:
1670:
1662:
1654:
1646:
1621:
1617:L'Inondation
1615:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1592:
1586:
1578:
1570:
1562:
1556:
1545:Bibliography
1538:Paul Cézanne
1523:
1515:
1511:The Paradise
1509:
1496:
1475:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1436:
1432:
1424:
1417:Claude Monet
1410:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1384:
1377:
1353:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1323:
1313:
1299:
1290:
1269:
1259:
1249:
1235:
1219:
1211:
1207:
1205:
1193:
1177:
1171:
1165:
1159:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1116:
1110:
1089:
1079:
1075:
1065:
1053:
1046:
1044:
986:
975:
972:
940:
911:
905:
903:
890:
886:
882:
858:
847:
824:
817:
812:antisemitism
808:J'Accuse...!
807:
789:
783:
781:
776:
758:
746:
731:
727:
700:and others.
671:
660:
654:
653:, including
641:and milieu (
632:
626:
613:
612:) and work (
609:
607:
586:
580:
576:
571:
561:
559:
551:
540:
526:
522:
503:
491:
479:
476:Paul Cézanne
460:
450:
435:
431:
423:
419:
415:
413:
392:
388:
371:Napoleon III
364:
360:baccalauréat
352:Paul Cézanne
349:
317:
301:
211:
210:
159:
153:
78:(1902-09-29)
66:2 April 1840
29:
4998:Dreyfusards
4938:1902 deaths
4933:1840 births
4767:(2016 film)
4759:(1937 film)
4697:(1995 film)
4694:Cruel Train
4416:L'Assommoir
4347:Non-fiction
4228:Pot-Bouille
4207:L'Assommoir
4075:(in French)
4060:(in French)
4043:(in French)
4028:(in French)
3272:6 September
3078:21 February
3056:25 November
3019:7 September
2961:13 February
2932:13 February
2106:The Debacle
1924:Standalones
1712:Pot-Bouille
1688:L'Assommoir
1394:L'Assommoir
1333:L'Assommoir
1314:larger than
1035:Victor Hugo
1012: [
997:Victor Hugo
831:antisemitic
804:Félix Faure
800:open letter
659:(1897) and
585:(1880) and
577:L'Assommoir
572:L'Assommoir
568:Victor Hugo
563:L'Assommoir
553:Vanity Fair
481:Paul Alexis
459:, entitled
457:Paul Alexis
432:L'Événement
347:in school.
124:short story
105:Nationality
4928:Émile Zola
4922:Categories
4808:Émile Zola
4734:Naturalism
4291:La Débâcle
4146:Émile Zola
4087:28 January
3957:Faded Page
3899:. London:
3730:Émile Zola
3337:3 November
3335:Retrieved
3306:3 November
3186:30 January
3160:7 February
2856:29 January
2834:wikisource
2832:at French
2634:0374297428
2609:0374297428
2584:0374297428
2544:0374297428
2518:9 November
2490:Émile Zola
2463:0374297428
2435:0374297428
2346:7 February
2324:7 February
2272:infoplease
2150:References
1784:La Débâcle
1508:TV series
1380:positivism
1261:La Débâcle
1228:psychology
1224:physiology
1179:La Débâcle
1105:Poster by
1048:Libération
1029:Graves of
873:Addlestone
785:J'Accuse…!
733:J'Accuse…!
631:, notably
587:La Débâcle
385:Later life
314:Early life
303:J'Accuse…!
286:naturalism
136:Naturalism
97:Occupation
62:1840-04-02
36:Émile Zola
18:Emile zola
4853:In Secret
4616:In Secret
4440:The Earth
4381:L'Ouragan
3839:659987814
3661:299742040
3051:0028-6583
2763:7 January
2710:707023033
2252:22 August
2221:22 August
2098:The Earth
2005:The Dream
1964:The Flood
1831:Fécondité
1651:(1871–72)
1622:The Flood
1504:The 2012
1482:Paul Muni
1429:free will
907:Le Figaro
869:Weybridge
806:. Zola's
777:in camera
759:Lt. Col.
702:Tom Wolfe
662:L'Ouragan
610:Fécondité
543:, 1886).
340:southeast
196:Signature
4906:Zandalee
4899:Interior
4730:(father)
4600:Germinal
4560:Germinal
4536:Gervaise
4456:L'Argent
4424:Germinal
4373:Messidor
4365:Libretti
4284:L'Argent
4263:La Terre
4249:Germinal
4172:La Curée
4068:Archived
4036:Archived
4013:Archived
3985:LibriVox
3959:(Canada)
3919:(2008).
3895:(1952).
3876:(2017).
3866:(1978).
3808:15289843
3763:(1950).
3692:31044880
3567:, p. 38.
3302:. London
3211:Le Temps
3013:Archived
2888:25 March
2738:23 April
2485:Larousse
2122:See also
2082:Germinal
2019:Pot Luck
1993:The Kill
1776:L'Argent
1752:La Terre
1736:Germinal
1648:La Curée
1536:painter
1412:La Curée
1345:La Terre
1327:Germinal
1293:, 1868,
1266:Le Havre
1251:La Terre
1141:Germinal
1129:La Terre
1118:Gil Blas
1112:Germinal
1041:in Paris
1039:Panthéon
993:Panthéon
967:Panthéon
913:La Terre
826:La Croix
821:Catholic
791:L'Aurore
747:Captain
728:L'Aurore
718:J'accuse
686:Thompson
656:Messidor
639:heredity
529:Bohemian
430:journal
367:Hachette
356:Romantic
345:bullying
332:Zola Dam
185:(father)
4891:Related
4721:Related
4635:Le Rêve
4270:Le Rêve
4256:L'Œuvre
4098:at the
4050:at the
3974:at the
3965:at the
3773:2463154
3746:3383139
3216:
2882:Reuters
2380:(ed.).
2277:15 July
1917:Justice
1872:Lourdes
1849:Justice
1837:Travail
1806:Lourdes
1760:Le Rêve
1744:L'Œuvre
1501:(2001).
1464:innéité
1456:Innéité
1452:innéité
1135:Le Rêve
1066:Zola's
955:Justice
667:verismo
614:Travail
535:L'Œuvre
453:Cézanne
277:French:
176:Parents
4856:(2013)
4848:(2009)
4845:Thirst
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