569:). Toufic Hamdan (born February 11, 1927– died August 3, 2009) and his brother Adel Hamdan (born 1924– ) spotted the French Columns marching from the mountains of Aitate, a city on the outskirts of Ain Anoub. Toufic and Adel Hamdan ran back and informed the men of Ain Anoub of the incoming military. The men of Ain Anoub took up arms and blocked the road at the historic landmark, Sindyaneh. When the French forces attempted to remove the road blocks, the battle began led by Adeeb Elbiny (?-?), Naef Soujah (1895–1944), along with his son Najib Soujah (1927 – September 24, 1981), and the only martyr of the battle, Saeed Fakhreddine (?-November 11, 1943), and many more men from Ain Anoub. Saeed Fakhreddine climbed on top of the tank and dropped grenades into the tank, sacrificing his life to achieve victory. The fight ensued and liberators prevailed over the French. At that time Majid Arslan declared a Free Lebanon from the home of the Halabi family in Bechamoun where he sought refuge from the arrests. Meanwhile, disturbances and riots raged all over Lebanon. The Deputies held a secret session during which they drew and signed on a new flag that they handed over to the cabinet of Bechamoun.
1391:
1380:
923:
725:
191:
leader and head of the Arslan feudal Druze ruling family. Arslan was the leader of the
Yazbaki (Arslan affiliations) faction. Majid Arslan was a national political figure with a role in Lebanon's independence, a long-running Member of the Lebanese Parliament. During his time as a government minister,
474:
Emir Majid Arslan was the leader of the independence of
Lebanon in 1943 when the president Bechara El Khoury with fellow ministers were taken to prison to Rachaya by the French. After World War I, in 1918, the French established control over Lebanon by virtue of a League of Nations Mandate. In 1943,
284:
Emir Majid Arslan ran for parliamentary elections in 1931 and won the Druze seat of Aley Cazaa district. His allies also won the elections. From 1931 until his death in 1983, he and his allies would win all the parliamentary elections of 1934, 1937, 1943, 1947, 1951, 1953, 1957, 1960, 1964, 1968 and
55:
546:
538:
escaped the arrest because they were not in their homes that night. One of Emir Majid's brothers also escaped to Majdel Baana to seek refuge there among members of the Abdel Khalek family as well as the Abi Jumaa's and Nasr's.
572:
On 21 November 1943, Due to riots, open strikes, the armed rebellion of Ain Anoub and the interference of Arab and
Western states (mainly Britain), the political prisoners were released. 3 The freed prisoners passed by
556:
On 11 November 1943, Arslan, Hamadeh and Abi Shahla created the “Government of Free
Lebanon” with Habib Abi Shahla as Prime Minister and Majid Arslan as Head of National Guard 57. Their headquarters were in
1101:
731:
1455:
1460:
1081:
737:
846:
715:
440:
434:
428:
418:
412:
406:
378:
372:
356:
340:
334:
328:
318:
308:
273:
193:
1435:
1086:
1450:
272:
over the leadership amongst the Druze. He has been the longest serving
Lebanese politician in a ministerial office and was elected as the
1061:
1425:
662:
694:
Aux
Origines du "Pacte National", Contribution a l'histoire de la crise Franco-Libanaise de Novembre 1943, by Maxime Rodinson 1988.
1440:
475:
the leaders of the country together with the ministers held a national convention and drew up a
National Pact stating that:
220:
1300:
1126:
655:
Kamal
Gunbulat, Das arabisch-islamische Erbe und die Rolle der Drüsen in seiner Konzeption der libanesischen Geschichte
1106:
1040:
907:
839:
593:
1445:
738:
http://www.ldparty.org/new/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=40&Itemid=55
613:
566:
869:
578:
1227:
1430:
1327:
1244:
1222:
1121:
1111:
947:
1347:
1076:
937:
832:
1420:
1415:
1364:
1131:
942:
732:
Lebanese
Defense Minister Majid Arslan Chewing Cigar at Gamal Abdul Nasser's Party by Howard Sochurek
462:
400:
388:
346:
298:
1317:
754:
208:
999:
257:
1204:
1136:
1091:
978:
603:
519:
362:
1239:
1116:
1096:
1030:
1009:
922:
658:
598:
503:
446:
205:
1310:
1267:
1177:
877:
720:
535:
422:
394:
366:
350:
188:
1384:
1337:
1277:
1272:
1234:
873:
550:
511:
458:
452:
384:
324:
314:
304:
212:
177:
1071:
1014:
1394:
1262:
1004:
742:
269:
54:
1409:
1359:
1342:
1332:
952:
892:
608:
531:
515:
492:
231:
158:
17:
1182:
1056:
527:
522:. The French used Senegalese mercenaries to transport these political prisoners to
253:
242:
162:
755:"As Marines Come Under Fire in Beirut, a Princess Speaks for the Mysterious Druze"
747:
491:
The
Lebanese government should bring under its control customs, railways and the
1035:
882:
1379:
502:
On 10 November 1943, the French retaliated by arresting the Lebanese President
488:
Religious sects are to be represented in ministries and all governmental posts,
1322:
293:
Over a period of 35 years, Emir Majid Arslan held various ministerial posts.
1305:
1066:
962:
902:
574:
558:
507:
215:
in 1920. He had three brothers (Nouhad, Riad, Melhem) and a sister (Zahia).
68:
545:
1194:
618:
238:
683:
1157:
912:
628:
523:
185:
94:
72:
1172:
957:
897:
562:
227:
90:
581:
and Majid Arslan knelt in front of the Lebanese flag and kissed it.
237:
In 1956, after his first wife’s death, Emir Majid remarried Khawla
1282:
1189:
1167:
1162:
887:
855:
623:
584:
On 22 November 1943, Lebanon was proclaimed an independent state.
577:
on their way back home, to thank the rebels. There, they sang the
544:
246:
697:
498:
The Lebanese government should supervise and control its borders.
192:
he held number of important ministerial portfolios, most notably
1199:
1152:
268:
Throughout his political career, he had an intense rivalry with
216:
170:
34:
828:
241:. They had three daughters (Zeina, Rima, and Najwa) and a son,
797:. Druze Research & Publications Institute, New York, USA.
812:
A House of Many Mansions: The History of Lebanon Reconsidered
805:
Lebanon and Arabism: National Identity and State Formation
721:
http://www.syrianhistory.com/People/key/Emir+Majid+Arslan
689:
256:
and would often exercise his hobby in a southern village
824:
565:
at the residences of Hussein and Youssef El Halabi (see
393:
August 1957: Minister of Telecommunications &
339:
June 1947: Minister of Telecommunications &
333:
December 1946: Minister of Telecommunications &
196:, Health, Telecommunications, Agriculture and Justice.
479:
Lebanon is an independent country with an Arab aspect,
230:. They had him two sons: Emir Toufic (1935–2003) and
743:
http://www.fanoos.com/society/amir_majid_arslan.html
676:
Najib Soujah and Toufic Hamdan, Eye Witness Accounts
1291:
1255:
1213:
1145:
1049:
1023:
992:
971:
930:
862:
708:Lebanon's Quest: The Road to Statehood, 1926–1939.
153:
101:
79:
61:
32:
1102:1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus
748:http://www.fanoos.com/society/talal_arslan.html
657:. Berlin: Karl Schwarz Verlag. pp. 66–67.
482:Lebanon is to be led by neither East nor West,
840:
688:Pierre Helou, L'Homme du Dialogue Disparait.
226:In 1932, he married his cousin, Emira Lamiss
184:) (February 1908 — September 18, 1983) was a
8:
245:, current Head of the House of Arslan and a
42:
252:He was known for his exceptional skills in
219:Majid studied at the famous French school,
847:
833:
825:
53:
29:
1082:1585 Ottoman expedition against the Druze
702:Lebanon – World War II and Independence.
788:Lebanon's Fight for Independence (1944)
640:
778:Lebanon: The Challenge of Independence
716:Ministry of National Defense (Lebanon)
684:http://www.americandruzeheritage.com/
7:
1456:Members of the Parliament of Lebanon
753:Peter Carlson (September 26, 1983).
648:
646:
644:
181:
43:
25:
469:
1461:People of the Lebanese Civil War
1390:
1389:
1378:
1087:Druze Power Struggle (1658–1667)
921:
704:Source: U.S. Library of Congress
142:
122:
1062:Kisrawan campaigns (1292–1305)
698:http://www.ingentaconnect.com/
679:Jibran Jreij, Days in Rayshaya
260:(3 km), named after him.
1:
1301:Abu Mohammad Jawad Walieddine
125: 1932, died)
1436:Defense ministers of Lebanon
1127:Druze in Mandatory Palestine
795:The Druze in the Middle-East
1451:Health ministers of Lebanon
1107:Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
817:Federal Research Division.
653:Schenk, Bernadette (1994).
530:. Ministers Majid Arslan,
470:Lebanon's 1943 independence
1477:
919:
726:Emir Majid Arslan Pictures
594:List of political families
1426:People from Aley District
1373:
614:Lebanese Independence Day
567:Lebanese Independence Day
549:Majid Arslan kissing the
52:
948:Bahā'a ad-Dīn al-Muqtana
819:Lebanon: A Country Study
604:Emira Zeina Talal Arslan
579:Lebanese National Anthem
221:Mission Laïque Française
182:الأمير مجيد توفيق أرسلان
44:الأمير مجيد توفيق أرسلان
1067:Tanukh (Buhtur) dynasty
1041:Ziyarat Al Nabi Shu'ayb
401:Minister of Agriculture
389:Minister of Agriculture
347:Minister of Agriculture
299:Minister of Agriculture
1228:Maronite-Druze dualism
1223:Christianity and Druze
1112:Hauran Druze Rebellion
690:http://www.rdl.com.lb/
561:, a village 30km from
553:
276:for twenty two times.
204:Arslan was the son of
1441:Lebanese Druze people
1348:List of Israeli Druze
1077:Mount Lebanon Emirate
938:Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah
548:
27:Lebanese Druze leader
1365:Persecution of Druze
1328:Druze Arabic dialect
1132:Jaysh al-Muwahhideen
943:Al-Sayyid al-Tanukhi
174:Majid Toufic Arslan
18:Emir Majid Arslan II
1385:Religion portal
1318:Alam al-Din dynasty
908:Seven Durzi pillars
441:Minister of Defense
435:Minister of Defense
429:Minister of Defense
419:Minister of Defense
413:Minister of Defense
407:Minister of Defense
379:Minister of Defense
373:Minister of Defense
357:Minister of Defense
39:Majid Toufic Arslan
1205:Salman the Persian
1137:Qalb Loze massacre
1092:Battle of Ain Dara
979:Epistles of Wisdom
963:Muhammad al-Darazī
609:Emir Shakib Arslan
554:
520:Abdul Hamid Karami
485:No to Colonialism,
459:Minister of Health
457:July 1975:
453:Minister of Health
451:October 1974:
445:July 1973:
439:May 1969:
433:November 1969:
427:January 1969:
417:October 1968:
411:October 1961:
405:August 1960:
399:March 1958:
385:Minister of Health
383:November 1956:
377:March 1956:
371:July 1955:
363:Minister of Health
361:February 1954:
355:October 1949:
345:July 1948:
325:Minister of Health
323:May 1946:
315:Minister of Health
313:July 1944:
305:Minister of Health
303:September 1943:
297:October 1937:
83:September 18, 1983
1403:
1402:
1256:Druze communities
1240:Judaism and Druze
1214:Relationship with
1117:Jabal Druze State
1097:1838 Druze Revolt
1031:Al-Khidr Festival
1010:Khalwat al-Bayada
931:Important figures
599:Emir Talal Arslan
506:, Prime Minister
504:Bechara El Khoury
495:tobacco monopoly.
447:Minister of State
211:who helped found
168:
167:
16:(Redirected from
1468:
1446:Lebanese princes
1393:
1392:
1383:
1382:
1311:Sultan al-Atrash
1178:John the Baptist
983:Rasa'il al-Hikma
925:
849:
842:
835:
826:
803:Raghid El-Solh.
766:
669:
668:
650:
536:Habib Abi Shahla
274:Defense Minister
264:Political career
183:
146:
144:
126:
124:
86:
57:
47:
46:
45:
30:
21:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1465:
1406:
1405:
1404:
1399:
1377:
1369:
1338:Jumblatt family
1293:
1287:
1278:Jordanian Druze
1251:
1235:Islam and Druze
1216:other religions
1215:
1209:
1141:
1045:
1019:
988:
967:
926:
917:
858:
853:
780:. I.B. Tauris.
773:
771:Further reading
752:
728:at Katagogi.com
682:Julia Makarem,
673:
672:
665:
652:
651:
642:
637:
590:
542:
512:Camille Chamoun
472:
291:
282:
266:
213:Greater Lebanon
202:
149:
148:
145: 1956)
140:
136:
135:Khawla Jumblatt
128:
120:
116:
113:
97:
88:
84:
75:
66:
48:
41:
40:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1474:
1472:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1408:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1387:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1306:Al-Atrash clan
1303:
1297:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1283:Druze diaspora
1280:
1275:
1270:
1268:Lebanese Druze
1265:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1219:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1005:Jabal al-Druze
1002:
996:
994:
990:
989:
987:
986:
975:
973:
969:
968:
966:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
934:
932:
928:
927:
920:
918:
916:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
866:
864:
860:
859:
854:
852:
851:
844:
837:
829:
823:
822:
815:
810:Kamal Salibi.
808:
807:. I.B. Tauris.
801:
793:Salman Falah.
791:
784:
772:
769:
768:
767:
750:
745:
740:
735:
729:
723:
718:
713:
706:
700:
695:
692:
686:
680:
677:
671:
670:
663:
639:
638:
636:
633:
632:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
589:
586:
510:and ministers
500:
499:
496:
489:
486:
483:
480:
471:
468:
467:
466:
455:
449:
443:
437:
431:
425:
415:
409:
403:
397:
391:
381:
375:
369:
359:
353:
343:
337:
331:
321:
311:
301:
290:
287:
281:
278:
270:Kamal Jumblatt
265:
262:
201:
198:
166:
165:
155:
151:
150:
138:
134:
133:
132:
131:
118:
114:
111:
110:
109:
108:
105:
103:
99:
98:
89:
87:(aged 75)
81:
77:
76:
67:
63:
59:
58:
50:
49:
38:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1473:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1431:Arslan family
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1396:
1388:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1360:Mowafaq Tarif
1358:
1356:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1343:List of Druze
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1333:Druze cuisine
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1273:Israeli Druze
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1246:
1245:Druze Zionism
1243:
1242:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
997:
995:
991:
984:
980:
977:
976:
974:
970:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
953:Hamza ibn Ali
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
935:
933:
929:
924:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
893:Reincarnation
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
878:Ahl at-Tawhīd
875:
871:
870:Al-Muwahhidūn
868:
867:
865:
861:
857:
850:
845:
843:
838:
836:
831:
830:
827:
820:
816:
813:
809:
806:
802:
800:
796:
792:
789:
785:
783:
779:
776:Eyal Zisser.
775:
774:
770:
764:
760:
756:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:at Allposters
733:
730:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:. I.B. Tauris
711:
707:
705:
701:
699:
696:
693:
691:
687:
685:
681:
678:
675:
674:
666:
664:3-87997-225-7
660:
656:
649:
647:
645:
641:
634:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
591:
587:
585:
582:
580:
576:
570:
568:
564:
560:
552:
551:Lebanese flag
547:
543:
540:
537:
533:
532:Sabri Hamadeh
529:
525:
521:
517:
516:Adel Osseiran
513:
509:
505:
497:
494:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
477:
476:
465:& Housing
464:
460:
456:
454:
450:
448:
444:
442:
438:
436:
432:
430:
426:
424:
420:
416:
414:
410:
408:
404:
402:
398:
396:
392:
390:
386:
382:
380:
376:
374:
370:
368:
364:
360:
358:
354:
352:
348:
344:
342:
338:
336:
332:
330:
326:
322:
320:
316:
312:
310:
306:
302:
300:
296:
295:
294:
288:
286:
279:
277:
275:
271:
263:
261:
259:
255:
250:
248:
244:
240:
235:
234:(1941–2009).
233:
229:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
209:Toufic Arslan
207:
200:Personal life
199:
197:
195:
190:
187:
179:
175:
172:
164:
160:
157:6, including
156:
152:
130:
129:
112:Lamiss Shehab
107:
106:
104:
100:
96:
92:
82:
78:
74:
70:
65:February 1908
64:
60:
56:
51:
36:
31:
19:
1355:Majid Arslan
1354:
1263:Syrian Druze
1183:Saint George
1122:Mountain War
1072:Ma'n dynasty
1057:Wadi al-Taym
1015:Nabi Shu'ayb
1000:Druze Khalwa
982:
818:
811:
804:
799:Pages 28–29)
798:
794:
787:
786:Marc Loris.
781:
777:
762:
758:
709:
703:
654:
583:
571:
555:
541:
528:Beqaa Valley
526:Fort in the
501:
473:
292:
283:
267:
258:El Mageedieh
254:horsemanship
251:
236:
225:
203:
173:
169:
85:(1983-09-18)
1421:1983 deaths
1416:1908 births
1036:Eid Al Adha
993:Holy places
888:Esotericism
883:Divine call
463:Agriculture
232:Emir Faysal
1410:Categories
1323:Amin Tarif
710:Meir Zamir
635:References
280:Parliament
1024:Holy days
903:Theophany
575:Bechamoun
559:Bechamoun
508:Riad Solh
249:leader.
69:Choueifat
1395:Category
1294:Features
1195:Muhammad
1146:Prophets
874:Mowahhid
782:Page 116
619:Lakhmids
588:See also
239:Jumblatt
186:Lebanese
154:Children
1158:Abraham
1050:History
913:Walayah
863:Beliefs
629:Lebanon
524:Rashaya
423:Justice
395:Defense
367:Defense
351:Defense
341:Defense
335:Defense
329:Defense
319:Defense
309:Defense
289:Cabinet
285:1972.
194:Defense
147:
139:
127:
119:
115:
102:Spouses
95:Lebanon
73:Lebanon
1173:Elijah
958:Shuaib
898:Taqiya
759:People
661:
563:Beirut
461:&
421:&
387:&
365:&
349:&
327:&
317:&
307:&
228:Shehab
178:Arabic
159:Faysal
91:Beirut
1292:Other
1190:Moses
1168:Khidr
1163:Jesus
972:Texts
856:Druze
765:(13).
624:Druze
493:Regie
247:Druze
243:Talal
189:Druze
163:Talal
141:(
137:
121:(
117:
1200:Noah
1153:Adam
659:ISBN
534:and
518:and
217:Emir
206:Emir
171:Emir
161:and
80:Died
62:Born
35:Emir
1412::
763:20
761:.
757:.
643:^
514:,
223:.
180::
143:m.
123:m.
93:,
71:,
985:)
981:(
876:-
872:/
848:e
841:t
834:v
821:.
814:.
790:.
667:.
176:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
