261:, with the First Public Working Draft of "Emotion Markup Language (EmotionML) 1.0" being published on 29 October 2009. The Last Call Working Draft of "Emotion Markup Language 1.0", was published on 7 April 2011. The Last Call Working Draft addressed all open issues that arose from feedback of the community on the First Call Working Draft as well as results of a workshop held in Paris in October 2010. Along with the Last Call Working Draft, a list of vocabularies for EmotionML has been published to aid developers using common vocabularies for annotating or representing emotions.
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397:"(:" is small, but using a standardized markup it would make one invalid. Even more basically, the list of emotion-related states that should be distinguished varies depending on the application domain and the aspect of emotions to be focused. Basically, the vocabulary needed depends on the context of use.
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In 2007, the
Emotion Markup Language Incubator Group (EmotionML XG) was set up as a follow-up to the Emotion Incubator Group, "to propose a specification draft for an Emotion Markup Language, to document it in a way accessible to non-experts, and to illustrate its use in conjunction with a number of
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There are a range of existing projects and applications to which an emotion markup language will enable the building of webservices to measure capture data of individuals non-verbal behavior, mental states, and emotions and allowing results to be reported and rendered in a standardized format using
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Any attempt to standardize the description of emotions using a finite set of fixed descriptors is doomed to failure, as there is no consensus on the number of relevant emotions, on the names that should be given to them or how else best to describe them. For example, the difference between ":)" and
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On the other hand, the basic structure of concepts is less controversial: it is generally agreed that emotions involve triggers, appraisals, feelings, expressive behavior including physiological changes, and action tendencies; emotions in their entirety can be described in terms of categories or a
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An additional challenge lies in the aim to provide a markup language that is generally usable. The requirements that arise from different use cases are rather different. Whereas manual annotation tends to require all the fine-grained distinctions considered in the scientific literature, automatic
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For the reasons outlined here, it is clear that there is an inevitable tension between flexibility and interoperability, which need to be weighed in the formulation of an
EmotionML. The guiding principle in the following specification has been to provide a choice only where it is needed, and to
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A standardised way to mark up the data needed by such "emotion-oriented systems" has the potential to boost development primarily because data that was annotated in a standardised way can be interchanged between systems more easily, thereby simplifying a market for emotional databases, and the
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Given this lack of agreement on descriptors in the field, the only practical way of defining an emotion markup language is the definition of possible structural elements and to allow users to "plug in" vocabularies that they consider appropriate for their work.
343:, generating synthetic speech with different emotions, such as happy or sad, friendly or apologetic; expressive synthetic speech would for example make more information available to blind and partially sighted people, and enrich their experience of the content;
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In 2006, a first W3C Incubator Group, the
Emotion Incubator Group (EmoXG), was set up "to investigate a language to represent the emotional states of users and the emotional states simulated by user interfaces" with the final Report published on 10 July 2007.
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To enhance systems' processing efficiency. Emotion and intelligence are strongly interconnected. The modeling of human emotions in computer processing can help to build more efficient systems, e.g. using emotional models for time-critical decision
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EmotionML can be used for media transcripts and captions. Where emotions are marked up to help deaf or hearing impaired people who cannot hear the soundtrack, more information is made available to enrich their experience of the
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Building web services to capture, analysis, and report data of non-verbal behavior, emotion and mental states of an individual or group across the internet using standard web technologies such as HTML5 and
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recognition systems can usually distinguish only a very small number of different states and affective avatars need yet another level of detail for expressing emotions in an appropriate way.
668:"Burkhardt, Felix, Christian Becker-Asano, Edmon Begoli, Roddy Cowie, Gerhard Fobe, Patrick Gebhard, Abe Kazemzadeh, Ingmar Steiner, and Tim Llewellyn. "Application of emotionml." In
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annotation and representation language, which should be usable in a large variety of technological contexts where emotions need to be represented. Emotion-oriented computing (or "
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small number of dimensions; emotions have an intensity, and so on. For details, see the
Scientific Descriptions of Emotions in the Final Report of the Emotion Incubator Group.
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and should therefore be taken into account, e.g. in emotional Chat systems or emphatic voice boxes. This involves specification, analysis and display of emotion related states.
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To allow the analysis of non-verbal behavior, emotion, mental states that can be provided using web services to enable data collection, analysis, and reporting.
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technological systems become more sophisticated. Representing the emotional states of a user or the emotional states to be simulated by a
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standard web technologies such as JSON and HTML5. One such project is measuring affect data across the
Internet using EyesWeb.
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Proceedings of the 5th
International Workshop on Emotion, Sentiment, Social Signals and Linked Open Data (ES3LOD)
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that provide assistance according to a person's emotional state with the goal to improve the person's well-being;
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Elements of an
EmotionML 1.0, Final Report of the Emotion Markup Language Incubator Group, 20 November 2008
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standard can be used to ease a market of providers for sub-modules of emotion processing systems, e.g. a
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A standard for an emotion markup language would be useful for the following purposes:
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existing markups." The final report of the
Emotion Markup Language Incubator Group,
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Support for people with disabilities, such as educational programs for people with
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Annual draft updates were published until the 1.0 version was finished in 2014.
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Concrete examples of existing technology that could apply
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Applications and web services benefiting from an emotion markup language
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http://www.musicsensorsemotion.com/2010/02/01/sarc-eyesweb-catalog-sec/
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for the recognition of emotion from text, speech or multi-modal input.
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The challenge of defining a generally usable emotion markup language
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applications, fear detection for surveillance purposes, or using
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The work then was continued in 2009 in the frame of the W3C's
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EmotionML version 1.0 was published by the group in May 2014.
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Character design and control for games and virtual worlds;
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requires a suitable representation format; in this case a
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and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
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propose reasonable default options for every choice.
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The
Emotion Incubator Group has listed 39 individual
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Emotion Incubator Group (EmoXG) as a general-purpose
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210:(EML or EmotionML) has first been defined by the
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