576:
564:
537:
Tugh Temür abdicated on 3 April 1329, and a month later El Temür brought the imperial seal to Kuśala in
Mongolia, announcing Dadu's intent to welcome him. Kuśala responded by making Tugh Temür his heir apparent on 15 May. Kuśala had proceeded to appoint his own loyal followers to important posts in
530:). He also got support from princes and generals of Mongolia, and with overwhelming military power in the background, put pressure on Tugh Temür, who had already ascended the throne. Kuśala enthroned himself on 27 February 1329, north of
541:
Taking 1,800 men with him, Kuśala set out for Dadu. On 26 August, he met with Tugh Temür in
Ongghuchad (Onggachatu), where Tugh Temur had built the city of Zhongdu. He suddenly died only 4 days after a banquet with Tugh Temür. The
439:
Esen Bukha heard that Kuśala was living near his realm, he came to greet him. After that, Kusala was backed by the
Chagatayid princes. While in exile in Central Asia, he married Mailaiti, a daughter of Temuder of the
1526:
456:(Emperor Taiding) when Shidibala Khan (Emperor Yingzong) was assassinated, he remained in Central Asia. He extended his influence in his stronghold, which was located to the west of
1002:
1490:
1522:
546:
states that the luckless Kuśala Khan died of violence. It seems that Kuśala was poisoned by El Temür, who feared losing power to princes and officers of the
1545:
412:
as the new ruler instead of Kuśala, due to the knowledge of Kuśala coming from an
Ikhires background, rather than the more noble Khunggirad lineage.
575:
1204:
393:-Ikhires woman. Due to the unstable balance present in the Khayishan administration with the tense rivalry between Khayishan, his younger brother
1565:
995:
1506:
1550:
1590:
1478:
1474:
1213:
966:
1466:
507:. This ended in the victory of Tugh Temür since he secured support from most of the princes, aristocrats and warlords in the south of the
1585:
1278:
1570:
1560:
832:
Herbert Franke, Denis
Twitchett, John King Fairbank-The Cambridge History of China: Alien regimes and border states, 907–1368, p. 542.
823:
Herbert Franke, Denis
Twitchett, John King Fairbank-The Cambridge History of China: Alien regimes and border states, 907–1368, p. 545.
988:
1470:
1462:
1316:
1136:
453:
401:
clan, Khayishan appointed
Ayurbarwada as Crown Prince on the condition that he would pass the status to Kuśala after succession.
1375:
1171:
1555:
306:
1502:
946:
374:
63:
1370:
1166:
1197:
1326:
1146:
930:
480:
121:
110:
1454:
1306:
1126:
787:
394:
1446:
464:
487:, and the latter was Kuśala's younger brother who was supported by the former Khayishan faction led by the
1518:
1514:
1510:
1498:
1494:
1486:
1450:
1190:
1482:
1458:
1442:
782:
777:
82:
73:
415:
To ensure
Shidebala's succession, Kuśala was rewarded with the title of king of Chou and relegated to
1580:
1575:
483:. The former was a son of Yesün Temür and was backed up the former Yesün Temür administration led by
484:
290:
1054:
527:
404:
However, after
Khayishan's death, Ayurbarwada succeeded to the throne in 1311. In 1320, Dagi,
330:
17:
405:
1428:
1410:
1406:
1274:
970:
547:
424:
362:
346:
322:
298:
68:
1301:
1256:
1121:
1067:
615:
386:
354:
1336:
1156:
957:
733:
543:
457:
436:
223:
1365:
1341:
1161:
650:
605:
550:
and
Mongolia, who followed Kuśala. Tugh Temür was restored to the throne on 8 September.
1261:
1251:
1086:
1048:
500:
151:
563:
1539:
1358:
1321:
1296:
1141:
1116:
1073:
1015:
941:
519:
472:
370:
58:
1432:
1394:
1282:
1240:
1221:
1029:
593:
428:
358:
268:
155:
1095:
1390:
1311:
1291:
1231:
1131:
1111:
1091:
508:
492:
420:
409:
338:
235:
203:
1182:
980:
937:
398:
278:
97:
531:
515:
476:
588:
Khutughtu Khan had two wives who were Mailaiti, a descendant of the famous
901:
523:
488:
256:
408:
and other members of the Khunggirad faction installed Ayurbarwada's son
720:
601:
597:
589:
468:
441:
432:
263:
251:
167:
1418:
1398:
1277:
in 1260, proclamation of the dynastic name "Great Yuan" in 1271, and
1270:
1079:
1060:
1041:
1011:
496:
416:
390:
366:
54:
538:
the Secretariat, the Bureau of Military Affairs, and the Censorate.
514:
At the same time, Kuśala, with support from the Chaghadayid leaders
1245:
1035:
504:
210:
Emperor Shuntian Lidao Ruiwen Zhiwu Dasheng Xiao (順天立道睿文智武大聖孝皇帝);
431:, as a pro-Khayishan official advised, after a failed revolt in
1186:
984:
859:
Hsiao Kung-chin-Lun Yuan tai huang wei chi cheng wen ti, p. 33.
463:
In 1328, when Yesün Temür Khan died, a civil war known as the
819:
817:
850:
Andreas Radbruch-Flow cytometry and cell sorting, p. 1290.
361:
of China in 1329, but died soon after. Apart from the
337:, meaning "virtuous"/"wholesome"), also known by his
604:. They gave birth to two Mongol emperors, including
353:; 22 December 1300 – 30 August 1329), was a son of
1357:
1220:
1104:
1022:
511:. Tugh Temür summoned his brother to come to Dadu.
274:
262:
250:
234:
222:
202:
192:
178:
161:
140:
132:
128:
117:
106:
96:
88:
81:
32:
807:Чингис богдоос Лигдэн хутагт хүртэл монголын хаад
886:Fujishima Tateki-Gen no Minso no shogai, p. 22.
1405:) already started to use the Chinese title of
357:(Emperor Wuzong) who seized the throne of the
1229:Early Mongol rulers posthumously honoured by
1198:
996:
758:
752:
738:
724:
712:
703:
694:
683:
674:
665:
654:
642:
628:
619:
213:
8:
743:; 1 May 1326 – 14 December 1332), second son
608:, the last Mongolian emperor to rule China.
1401:(Great Khans) of the "Great Mongol State" (
165:Empress Mailaiti of Karluks (m. 1317–1329)
1205:
1191:
1183:
1003:
989:
981:
892:
373:, although it was only nominal due to the
29:
958:Rinchinbal Khan, Emperor Ningzong of Yuan
647:; d. 1320), personal name Mailaiti (迈来迪)
452:Although the rival faction was purged by
813:
659:; 25 May 1320 – 23 May 1370), first son
682:Yuelu, Grand Princess of Chang State (
198:Tianli (天曆; "Heavenly Calendar", 1329)
175:
389:(Külüg Khan or Emperor Wuzong) and a
7:
641:Empress Zhenyuhuisheng of Karluks (
1269:Following Kublai's enthronement as
526:from the Tarbagatai region (in the
624:; 4 August 1281 – 27 January 1311)
25:
1285:in 1279, Yuan ruled all of China.
92:27 February 1329 – 30 August 1329
1546:Great Khans of the Mongol Empire
592:chief, Arslan, who submitted to
574:
562:
448:Brief accession and sudden death
230:Emperor Yixian Jingxiao (翼獻景孝皇帝)
27:13th Khagan of the Mongol Empire
365:, he is considered as the 13th
212:Khutughtu Khan (ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠭᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ;
1423:
318:
310:
302:
214:
45:
18:Emperor Mingzong of Yuan China
1:
1566:14th-century Chinese monarchs
1491:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
1393:announced the dynastic name "
931:Jayaatu Khan, Emperor Wenzong
721:Empress Babusha of the Naiman
651:Toghon Temür, Emperor Huizong
397:and their mother Dagi of the
1551:Emperors of the Yuan dynasty
1214:Emperors of the Yuan dynasty
734:Rinchinbal, Emperor Ningzong
1591:Mongolian Buddhist monarchs
967:Emperor of the Yuan dynasty
757:), personal name Budaxini (
83:Emperor of the Yuan dynasty
74:Emperor of the Yuan dynasty
1607:
1586:Murdered emperors of China
1431:since the enthronement of
1571:14th-century Mongol khans
1561:Chinese Buddhist monarchs
1436:
1414:
1383:
1348:
964:
954:
935:
927:
922:
895:
759:
753:
751:Princess Minghui Zhenyi (
739:
725:
713:
704:
695:
684:
675:
666:
655:
643:
629:
620:
385:He was the eldest son of
350:
334:
326:
294:
241:
229:
209:
197:
183:
174:
168:Empress Babusha of Naiman
51:
788:List of Chinese monarchs
343:Emperor Mingzong of Yuan
33:Emperor Mingzong of Yuan
801:Монголын түүх 1260–1388
465:War of the Two Capitals
122:Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür
111:Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür
1556:Yuan dynasty Buddhists
1366:Huizong (Emperor Shun)
1342:Huizong (Emperor Shun)
1105:Yuan (Kublaid) Khagans
897:Khutughtu Khan Kusala
693:Empress Buyanhuludou (
375:division of the empire
1427:) practically in the
877:Yuan shi, 31. p. 701.
868:Yuan shi, 31. p. 700.
841:Yuan shi, 33. p. 694.
783:List of Mongol rulers
778:List of Yuan emperors
627:Concubine Shoutong (
616:Külüg, Emperor Wuzong
419:in 1316; but fled to
945:(Nominal due to the
638:Wives and children:
381:Early life and exile
62:(Nominal due to the
317:(Mongolian: Хүслэн
188:Kusalaa/ Küsala(an)
673:Empress Yuelusha (
664:Empress Anchuhan (
1533:
1532:
1180:
1179:
1083:
1064:
1045:
979:
978:
955:Succeeded by
947:empire's division
902:House of Borjigin
711:Empress Tuohusi (
528:Khangai Mountains
284:
283:
246:
245:
184:Mongolian: ᠬᠥᠰᠯᠡᠨ
64:empire's division
16:(Redirected from
1598:
1440:
1438:
1429:Chinese language
1425:
1416:
1376:Tianyuan Emperor
1352:
1322:Tianshun Emperor
1287:
1237:
1235:as Yuan emperors
1207:
1200:
1193:
1184:
1137:Yesün Temür Khan
1077:
1058:
1039:
1005:
998:
991:
982:
971:Emperor of China
928:Preceded by
918:
911:
910:22 December 1300
893:
887:
884:
878:
875:
869:
866:
860:
857:
851:
848:
842:
839:
833:
830:
824:
821:
805:Д.Цэен-Ойдов –
762:
761:
756:
755:
742:
741:
728:
727:
716:
715:
707:
706:
698:
697:
687:
686:
678:
677:
669:
668:
658:
657:
646:
645:
632:
631:
623:
622:
578:
566:
548:Chagatai Khanate
503:, a governor in
467:erupted between
454:Yesün Temür Khan
425:Chagatai Khanate
363:Emperor of China
352:
336:
328:
320:
312:
304:
299:Mongolian script
296:
217:
216:
176:
147:
136:22 December 1300
102:27 February 1329
69:Emperor of China
47:
43:
37:
30:
21:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1441:
1433:Genghis Emperor
1385:
1379:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1317:Taiding Emperor
1267:
1227:
1216:
1211:
1181:
1176:
1157:Rinchinbal Khan
1100:
1055:Töregene Khatun
1018:
1009:
974:
969:
960:
951:
944:
933:
912:
906:
905:
898:
891:
890:
885:
881:
876:
872:
867:
863:
858:
854:
849:
845:
840:
836:
831:
827:
822:
815:
796:
774:
586:
585:
584:
583:
582:
579:
571:
570:
567:
556:
458:Altai Mountains
450:
437:Chagatayid Khan
383:
224:Posthumous name
211:
187:
185:
166:
149:
145:
71:
67:
61:
44:
41:
40:
38:
35:
34:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1604:
1602:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1538:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1403:Ikh Mongol Uls
1384:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1226:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1202:
1195:
1187:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1152:Khutughtu Khan
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1089:
1084:
1070:
1065:
1051:
1046:
1032:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1019:
1010:
1008:
1007:
1000:
993:
985:
977:
976:
962:
961:
956:
953:
934:
929:
925:
924:
923:Regnal titles
920:
919:
917:30 August 1329
899:
896:
889:
888:
879:
870:
861:
852:
843:
834:
825:
812:
811:
810:
809:
803:
795:
792:
791:
790:
785:
780:
773:
770:
769:
768:
767:
766:
765:
764:
746:
745:
744:
718:
709:
702:Empress Yesu (
700:
691:
690:
689:
671:
662:
661:
660:
636:
635:
634:
625:
581:Babusha Khatun
580:
573:
572:
569:Khutughtu Khan
568:
561:
560:
559:
558:
557:
555:
552:
449:
446:
382:
379:
287:Khutughtu Khan
282:
281:
276:
272:
271:
266:
260:
259:
254:
248:
247:
244:
243:
239:
238:
232:
231:
227:
226:
220:
219:
207:
206:
200:
199:
195:
194:
190:
189:
181:
180:
172:
171:
170:(m. 1320–1329)
163:
159:
158:
152:Inner Mongolia
148:(aged 28)
144:30 August 1329
142:
138:
137:
134:
130:
129:
126:
125:
119:
115:
114:
108:
104:
103:
100:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
79:
78:
49:
48:
39:Khutughtu Khan
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1603:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1420:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1382:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1359:Northern Yuan
1356:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1283:Southern Song
1280:
1276:
1272:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1208:
1203:
1201:
1196:
1194:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1162:Ukhaantu Khan
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1142:Ragibagh Khan
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1075:
1074:Oghul Qaimish
1071:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1023:Early Khagans
1021:
1017:
1016:Mongol Empire
1013:
1006:
1001:
999:
994:
992:
987:
986:
983:
973:
972:
968:
963:
959:
950:
948:
943:
942:Mongol Empire
939:
932:
926:
921:
916:
909:
904:
903:
894:
883:
880:
874:
871:
865:
862:
856:
853:
847:
844:
838:
835:
829:
826:
820:
818:
814:
808:
804:
802:
798:
797:
793:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
775:
771:
750:
749:
747:
736:
735:
731:
730:
722:
719:
710:
701:
692:
681:
680:
672:
663:
652:
649:
648:
640:
639:
637:
626:
617:
614:
613:
611:
610:
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
577:
565:
553:
551:
549:
545:
539:
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
461:
459:
455:
447:
445:
443:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
413:
411:
407:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
380:
378:
376:
372:
371:Mongol Empire
368:
364:
360:
356:
348:
344:
340:
332:
324:
316:
308:
300:
292:
288:
280:
277:
273:
270:
267:
265:
261:
258:
255:
253:
249:
242:Mingzong (明宗)
240:
237:
233:
228:
225:
221:
208:
205:
201:
196:
191:
182:
177:
173:
169:
164:
160:
157:
153:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
120:
116:
113:(first reign)
112:
109:
105:
101:
99:
95:
91:
87:
84:
80:
77:
75:
70:
65:
60:
59:Mongol Empire
56:
50:
46:ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠭᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ
31:
19:
1479:N. Dynasties
1475:S. Dynasties
1422:
1402:
1386:
1331:
1268:
1266:
1234:
1228:
1167:Biligtü Khan
1151:
1147:Jayaatu Khan
1127:Buyantu Khan
1117:Öljeytü Khan
1072:
1053:
1034:
1030:Genghis Khan
965:
936:
914:
907:
900:
882:
873:
864:
855:
846:
837:
828:
806:
800:
732:
606:Toghon Temür
594:Genghis Khan
587:
540:
536:
513:
462:
451:
429:Central Asia
414:
403:
384:
359:Yuan dynasty
342:
314:
286:
285:
186:Chinese: 和世㻋
150:Onggachatu,
146:(1329-08-30)
52:
1581:1329 deaths
1576:1300 births
1471:16 Kingdoms
1397:" in 1271,
1172:Uskhal Khan
1132:Gegeen Khan
1112:Setsen Khan
1092:Kublai Khan
1087:Möngke Khan
1049:Ögedei Khan
729:; d. 1330)
644:貞裕徽聖皇后 罕禄鲁氏
509:Gobi Desert
485:Dawlat Shah
435:. When the
395:Ayurbarwada
339:temple name
295:Хутагт хаан
236:Temple name
204:Regnal name
107:Predecessor
1540:Categories
1463:3 Kingdoms
1439:) in 1206.
1395:Great Yuan
1122:Külüg Khan
1068:Güyük Khan
1036:Tolui Khan
938:Great Khan
799:Ч.Далай –
794:References
522:, entered
520:Duwa Temür
499:commander
491:commander
481:Tugh Temür
421:Esen Bukha
399:Khunggirad
367:Great Khan
279:Kulug Khan
156:Yuan China
124:(restored)
98:Coronation
1297:Chengzong
1096:Ariq Böke
612:Parents:
532:Karakorum
516:Eljigidey
410:Shidebala
387:Khayishan
355:Khayishan
291:Mongolian
193:Era dates
118:Successor
1371:Zhaozong
1337:Ningzong
1332:Mingzong
1312:Yingzong
1279:conquest
1262:Xianzong
1257:Dingzong
1248:(regent)
772:See also
748:Unknown
656:惠宗 妥懽帖睦爾
544:Yuan shi
524:Mongolia
495:and the
493:El Temür
473:Ragibagh
331:Sanskrit
313:), born
257:Borjigin
1424:Huángdì
1411:Chinese
1407:Emperor
1399:Khagans
1389:Before
1327:Wenzong
1307:Renzong
1275:Emperor
1252:Taizong
1246:Ruizong
1014:of the
940:of the
740:寧宗 懿璘质班
696:不顏忽鲁都皇后
600:of the
598:Babusha
489:Qipchaq
479:-based
471:-based
469:Shangdu
433:Shaanxi
423:-ruled
406:Temüder
369:of the
347:Chinese
341:as the
323:Chinese
307:Chinese
303:ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠭᠲᠤ
264:Dynasty
162:Empress
57:of the
1503:W. Xia
1421::
1419:pinyin
1413::
1391:Kublai
1302:Wuzong
1271:Khagan
1232:Kublai
1080:Regent
1061:Regent
1042:Regent
1012:Khagan
913:
754:明慧貞懿公主
685:月魯昌国公主
621:武宗 曲律汗
602:Naiman
590:Qarluq
554:Family
497:Merkit
442:Qarluq
417:Yunnan
391:Mongol
349::
325::
319:ᠬᠥᠰᠯᠡᠨ
315:Kuśala
309::
275:Father
55:Khagan
1447:Shang
1437:成吉思皇帝
1387:Note:
1292:Shizu
1241:Taizu
975:1329
952:1329
915:Died:
908:Born:
726:八不沙皇后
714:脱忽思皇后
676:月魯沙皇后
667:按出罕皇后
505:Henan
501:Bayan
252:House
179:Names
89:Reign
72:(9th
53:13th
1519:Qing
1515:Ming
1511:Yuan
1499:Song
1495:Liao
1487:Tang
1451:Zhou
1222:Yuan
1078:(as
1059:(as
1040:(as
760:不答昔你
705:野蘇皇后
630:寿童妃子
596:and
518:and
477:Dadu
475:and
335:कुशल
311:忽都篤汗
269:Yuan
215:忽都篤汗
141:Died
133:Born
42:忽都篤汗
1527:PRC
1523:ROC
1507:Jīn
1483:Sui
1467:Jìn
1459:Han
1455:Qin
1443:Xia
1281:of
427:in
351:元明宗
327:和世剌
36:元明宗
1542::
1525:/
1521:→
1517:→
1513:→
1509:→
1505:/
1501:/
1497:/
1493:→
1489:→
1485:→
1481:→
1477:/
1473:→
1469:/
1465:→
1461:→
1457:→
1453:→
1449:→
1445:→
1417:;
1415:皇帝
1094:/
949:)
816:^
679:)
534:.
460:.
444:.
377:.
333::
329:;
321:;
305:;
301::
297:;
293::
154:,
1435:(
1409:(
1351:元
1273:-
1206:e
1199:t
1192:v
1082:)
1063:)
1044:)
1004:e
997:t
990:v
763:)
737:(
723:(
717:)
708:)
699:)
688:)
670:)
653:(
633:)
618:(
345:(
289:(
218:)
76:)
66:)
20:)
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