370:, and when she gave birth to a son in 1427, he named this son Crown prince, and eagerly worked to promote her status further. Five Grand Secretaries were ordered to prepare a legal method to depose the empress. Grand Secretary Yang Shiqi, after failing to convince the emperor of the danger in deposing the empress without good reason, argued that it would offend his reputation. However, he was unable to avert her dismissal on the ground of having no son, being frequently ill, and of being sterile. He then suggested that she should respectfully resign herself, and that she should be well treated for the rest of her life.
400:
Hu was regarded with sympathy and her mother-in-law, the empress dowager, demonstrated her sympathy and friendship by often inviting her to stay with her in the
Qingning Palace, and giving her the place of an empress at banquets in the inner palace, even when her successor, Empress Sun was present.
433:, urged him to restore Hu's status as empress. Accordingly, in the summer of 1463, her title as empress was restored, a mausoleum was constructed for her according to the rites prescribed for an empress, and she was given the posthumous title
363:). Empress Hu was described as weak and sickly. The emperor did not like her for not having a son, and when she at one occasion advised him not to indulge in his love of travel, he resented her for meddling in affairs that did not concern her.
373:
And so in the spring of 1428, the emperor had
Empress Hu deposed from her position in favour of the mother of the crown prince, sent to Chang'an Palace and given a title of Immortal Teacher of Quietude and Maternal Compassion
1216:
315:). In 1417, she became the primary consort of Zhu Zhanji, the grandson-heir. Three years later in 1420, they had a daughter, the Princess Shunde. When Zhu Zhanji's father,
422:), and thus no longer enjoyed an equal status with Empress Sun. She died of illness in 1443. She was buried in Jinshan according to rites prescribed for a concubine.
1196:
829:
1232:
1204:
1200:
1014:
760:
741:
713:
634:
1192:
1278:
1062:
838:
1273:
1067:
1188:
52:
392:), previously given to deposed empresses who were forced to become nuns, although this religious element was not demanded of Hu.
1268:
1132:
1228:
1180:
543:
979:
822:
1288:
956:
921:
871:
1172:
1142:
1044:
789:
773:
498:
430:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1224:
1220:
1212:
1176:
1102:
1039:
1034:
1029:
941:
931:
916:
911:
815:
1208:
1184:
1092:
1004:
951:
926:
896:
876:
782:
70:
1283:
1263:
1137:
1127:
866:
1160:
861:
906:
756:
737:
709:
630:
300:
159:
405:
375:
346:
320:
254:
123:
447:
192:
21:
1097:
1024:
483:
471:
459:
316:
280:
136:
1257:
1152:
1054:
966:
1119:
1084:
1019:
996:
974:
936:
901:
891:
881:
853:
426:
276:
26:
17:
753:
Biographical
Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
1009:
886:
807:
799:
551:
538:
367:
80:
946:
345:
Upon the succession of Xuande to the throne in 1425, she became his empress (
401:
When the empress dowager died in 1442, Hu lost an important ally at court.
308:
100:
525:
Princess
Yongqing (永清公主; d. 1433), the Xuande Emperor's second daughter
223:
522:
Princess Shunde (順德公主; 1420–1443), the Xuande
Emperor's first daughter
734:
Biographical
Dictionary of Chinese Women: Tang Through Ming, 618-1644
413:
383:
354:
328:
304:
262:
96:
811:
319:
ascended the throne in 1424, she was appointed Crown
Princess (
550:
Portrayed by Zhang Nan in the 2022 Chinese television series
687:
685:
672:
670:
608:
606:
604:
602:
600:
598:
596:
594:
581:
579:
577:
575:
573:
571:
569:
567:
465:
Consort of the
Imperial Grandson-heir (皇太孫嬪; from 1417)
1151:
1118:
1083:
1053:
995:
965:
852:
751:Lee, Lily Xiao Hong; Wiles, Sue (28 January 2015).
240:
232:
222:
191:
181:
158:
130:
118:
106:
90:
86:
76:
66:
58:
51:
38:
732:Lee, Lily Xiao Hong; Wiles, Sue (13 March 2014).
303:. Her given name was Hu Shanxiang. She came from
627:Concubinage and Servitude in Late Imperial China
311:. Her father, Hu Rong, was a company commander (
271:; 20 May 1402 – 5 December 1443), personal name
366:Xuande preferred the beautiful and intelligent
283:. She was posthumously honoured with the title
505:Empress Gongrang Chengshun Kangmu Jingci Zhang
435:Empress Gongrang Chengshun Kangmu Jingci Zhang
823:
42:
8:
507: (恭讓誠順康穆静慈章皇后; from the summer of 1463)
830:
816:
808:
769:
519:As consort of the Imperial Grandson-heir:
35:
691:
676:
661:
649:
612:
585:
563:
425:When Empress Dowager Sun died in 1462,
275:, was a Chinese empress consort of the
151: 1417; died 1435)
541:in the 2019 Chinese television series
178:
708:. Beijing Book Co. Inc. p. 199.
7:
489:Empress (皇后; from 27 June 1425)
53:Empress consort of the Ming dynasty
33:Empress consort of the Ming dynasty
14:
629:. Lexington Books. p. 286.
492:Jingci Xianshi (靜慈仙師; from 1428)
477:Crown Princess (皇太子妃; from 1424)
148:
625:Hsieh Bao Hua (18 June 2014).
453:Lady Hu (胡氏; from 20 May 1402)
418:
388:
359:
333:
299:1400 in Jining in present day
267:
1:
1217:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
839:Empresses of the Ming dynasty
497:During the reign of the
482:During the reign of the
458:During the reign of the
446:During the reign of the
296:
1279:15th-century Chinese people
1093:Grand Empress Dowager Zhang
1305:
1274:15th-century Chinese women
1103:Grand Empress Dowager Wang
1098:Grand Empress Dowager Zhou
404:She was ranked a consort (
15:
1169:
1111:
1076:
988:
845:
796:
787:
779:
772:
409:
379:
350:
324:
258:
198:
186:
177:
43:
1143:Empress Dowager Xiaochun
790:Empress consort of China
470:During the reign of the
202:Chéngshùn Kāngmù Jìngcí
1078:Grand empresses dowager
704:吴蔚 (1 September 2016).
295:Empress Hu was born in
1269:Ming dynasty empresses
501: (r. 1457–1464):
486: (r. 1425–1435):
462: (r. 1402–1424):
450: (r. 1398–1402):
1035:Empress Dowager Zhang
1005:Empress Dowager Zhang
800:Empress Xiaogongzhang
783:Empress Chengxiaozhao
285:Empress Gongrangzhang
81:Empress Xiaogongzhang
71:Empress Chengxiaozhao
39:Empress Gongrangzhang
1138:Empress Xiaoyuanzhen
1133:Empress Dowager Wang
1128:Empress Xiaoyizhuang
1113:Posthumous empresses
1063:Empress Dowager Wang
1040:Empress Dowager Chen
1030:Empress Dowager Wang
1025:Empress Dowager Zhou
1020:Empress Dowager Qian
692:Lee & Wiles 2015
677:Lee & Wiles 2014
662:Lee & Wiles 2015
650:Lee & Wiles 2014
613:Lee & Wiles 2015
586:Lee & Wiles 2014
396:Later life and death
1161:Noble Consort Zheng
1010:Empress Dowager Sun
62:27 June 1425 – 1428
1289:People from Jining
1068:Empress Dowager Ma
1045:Empress Dowager Li
1015:Empress Dowager Wu
532:In popular culture
187:Hu Shanxiang (胡善祥)
1251:
1250:
990:Empresses dowager
847:Empresses consort
806:
805:
797:Succeeded by
762:978-1-317-51562-3
743:978-0-7656-4316-2
715:978-7-5162-1310-0
664:, p. 134-35.
652:, p. 134-35.
636:978-0-7391-4516-6
368:Noble Consort Sun
301:Shandong Province
279:, married to the
248:
247:
218:
217:
170:Princess Yongqing
1296:
832:
825:
818:
809:
780:Preceded by
770:
766:
747:
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701:
695:
689:
680:
674:
665:
659:
653:
647:
641:
640:
622:
616:
610:
589:
583:
499:Tianshun Emperor
474:(r. 1424 –1425)
431:Emperor Yingzong
420:
411:
390:
389:Jìng cí xiān shī
381:
361:
352:
335:
326:
298:
269:
260:
200:Empress Gōngràng
179:
152:
150:
124:Jinshan, Beijing
113:
47:
46:
45:
36:
1304:
1303:
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802:
793:
785:
774:Chinese royalty
763:
750:
744:
736:. M.E. Sharpe.
731:
728:
723:
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592:
584:
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561:
534:
516:
448:Jianwen Emperor
443:
437:(恭讓誠順康穆静慈章皇后).
398:
343:
293:
193:Posthumous name
173:
167:Princess Shunde
154:
146:
142:
139:
126:
111:
110:5 December 1443
95:
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40:
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777:
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748:
742:
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724:
722:
721:
714:
696:
694:, p. 135.
681:
679:, p. 135.
666:
654:
642:
635:
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615:, p. 134.
590:
588:, p. 134.
562:
560:
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533:
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528:
527:
526:
523:
515:
512:
511:
510:
509:
508:
495:
494:
493:
490:
484:Xuande Emperor
480:
479:
478:
472:Hongxi Emperor
468:
467:
466:
460:Yongle Emperor
456:
455:
454:
442:
439:
397:
394:
342:
339:
334:huángtàizǐ fēi
317:Hongxi Emperor
292:
289:
281:Xuande Emperor
246:
245:
242:
238:
237:
234:
230:
229:
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220:
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155:
144:
140:
137:Xuande Emperor
135:
134:
132:
128:
127:
122:
120:
116:
115:
114:(aged 41)
108:
104:
103:
92:
88:
87:
84:
83:
78:
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73:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
49:
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32:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1182:
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1174:
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1153:Southern Ming
1150:
1144:
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1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
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1055:Southern Ming
1052:
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1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
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1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
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1002:
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987:
981:
978:
976:
973:
972:
970:
968:
967:Southern Ming
964:
958:
955:
953:
952:Empress Zhang
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
932:Empress Zhang
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
917:Empress Zhang
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
877:Empress Zhang
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
859:
857:
855:
851:
844:
840:
833:
828:
826:
821:
819:
814:
813:
810:
801:
792:
791:
784:
778:
775:
771:
764:
758:
755:. Routledge.
754:
749:
745:
739:
735:
730:
729:
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717:
711:
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582:
580:
578:
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574:
572:
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549:
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545:
540:
537:Portrayed by
536:
535:
531:
524:
521:
520:
518:
517:
513:
506:
503:
502:
500:
496:
491:
488:
487:
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473:
469:
464:
463:
461:
457:
452:
451:
449:
445:
444:
440:
438:
436:
432:
429:, consort of
428:
423:
421:
415:
407:
402:
395:
393:
391:
385:
377:
371:
369:
364:
362:
356:
348:
340:
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336:
330:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
290:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
264:
256:
252:
244:Lady Liu (劉氏)
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
225:
221:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
194:
190:
185:
180:
176:
169:
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163:
161:
157:
138:
133:
129:
125:
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117:
109:
105:
102:
98:
93:
89:
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82:
79:
75:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
54:
50:
37:
29:
28:
23:
19:
1205:N. Dynasties
1201:S. Dynasties
980:Empress Wang
975:Empress Zeng
957:Empress Zhou
942:Empress Chen
937:Empress Fang
927:Empress Chen
912:Empress Wang
902:Empress Hang
897:Empress Wang
892:Empress Qian
882:Hu Shanxiang
788:
752:
733:
705:
699:
657:
645:
626:
620:
544:Ming Dynasty
542:
504:
434:
427:Empress Qian
424:
417:
403:
399:
387:
372:
365:
358:
344:
332:
312:
294:
284:
277:Ming dynasty
273:Hu Shanxiang
272:
266:
250:
249:
236:Hu Rong (胡榮)
211:
207:
203:
199:
112:(1443-12-05)
25:
18:Chinese name
1284:1402 births
1264:1443 deaths
1197:16 Kingdoms
922:Empress Xia
887:Empress Sun
552:Royal Feast
539:Deng Jiajia
360:Hú húanghòu
268:Hú húanghòu
94:20 May 1402
67:Predecessor
22:family name
1258:Categories
1189:3 Kingdoms
947:Wang Xijie
907:Empress Wu
872:Empress Xu
867:Empress Ma
862:Empress Ma
794:1425–1428
559:References
291:Early life
251:Empress Hu
77:Successor
309:Shandong
101:Shandong
16:In this
726:Sources
706:大明惊变（上）
406:Chinese
376:Chinese
347:Chinese
341:Empress
321:Chinese
255:Chinese
153:
145:
141:
1229:W. Xia
1171:Xia →
759:
740:
712:
633:
441:Titles
416::
414:pinyin
408::
386::
384:pinyin
378::
357::
355:pinyin
349::
331::
329:pinyin
323::
305:Jining
265::
263:pinyin
257::
241:Mother
233:Father
228:Hu (胡)
210:誠順康穆静慈
131:Spouse
119:Burial
97:Jining
59:Tenure
27:Hu (胡)
20:, the
1173:Shang
514:Issue
313:baihu
204:Zhāng
182:Names
160:Issue
147:(
143:
44:恭讓章皇后
1245:Qing
1241:Ming
1237:Yuan
1225:Song
1221:Liao
1213:Tang
1177:Zhou
1120:Ming
1085:Ming
997:Ming
854:Ming
757:ISBN
738:ISBN
710:ISBN
631:ISBN
380:静慈仙师
325:皇太子妃
224:Clan
107:Died
91:Born
1233:Jīn
1209:Sui
1193:Jìn
1185:Han
1181:Qin
419:fēi
351:胡皇后
337:).
307:in
259:胡皇后
212:章皇后
24:is
1260::
1243:→
1239:→
1235:→
1231:/
1227:/
1223:/
1219:→
1215:→
1211:→
1207:→
1203:/
1199:→
1195:/
1191:→
1187:→
1183:→
1179:→
1175:→
684:^
669:^
593:^
566:^
412:;
382:;
353:;
327:;
297:c.
287:.
261:;
208:恭讓
149:m.
99:,
831:e
824:t
817:v
765:.
746:.
718:.
639:.
554:.
547:.
410:妃
374:(
253:(
214:)
206:(
30:.
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