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in the person being enabled, and may contribute to negative symptoms in the enabler. Enabling may be driven by concern for retaliation, or fear of consequence to the person with the substance use disorder, such as job loss, injury or suicide. A parent may allow an addicted adult child to live at home
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158:, or make accommodations for a person's ineffective or harmful conduct (often with the best of intentions, or from fear or insecurity which inhibits action). The practical effect is that the person themselves does not have to do so, and is shielded from
225:, enablers are distinct from flying monkeys (proxy abusers). Enablers allow or cover for the abuser's own bad behavior while flying monkeys actually perpetrate bad behavior to a third party on their behalf. Padilla et al. (2007), in analyzing
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approaches that are intended to help resolve a specific problem but, in fact, may perpetuate or exacerbate the problem. A common theme of enabling in this latter sense is that third parties take
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that prevent others from holding the person accountable, or cleaning up messes that occur in the wake of their impaired judgment. Enabling may prevent psychological
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Enabling may be observed in the relationship between a person with a substance use disorder and their partner, spouse or a parent. Enabling behaviors may include
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Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.
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Giving up/over knowledge of their finances to be taken care of by the abuser (oftentimes resulting in considerable debt).
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This article is about enabling in its counseling or psychological sense. For enabling in an empowerment sense, see
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is the encouragement of some behaviour, especially if said behaviour is either particularly positive or
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Regurgitating the abuser's 'facts' / version of reality to a third party without seeking evidence.
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Refusing to confront or protect oneself when exposed to physical, emotional or verbal assault.
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Keeping secrets for the abuser such as affairs, extramarital children, alcoholism, gambling,
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The toxic triangle: Destructive leaders, susceptible followers, and conducive environments
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429:(2012). Oakley, Barbara; Knafo, Ariel; Madhavan, Guruprasad; Wilson, David Sloan (eds.).
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Behavioural syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors
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method that over time can turn someone into an enabler. While the abuser often
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in which one person enables another person's self-destructive behavior such as
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without contributing to the household such as by helping with chores, and be
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375:"The Role of Enabler: Are You Enabling Addiction In The One You Love?"
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direction. These patterns may be on any scale, for example within the
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by the child's excuses, emotional attacks, and threats of self-harm.
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Absorbing the negative consequences of someone else's bad choices.
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Coping with narcissistic personality disorder in the White House
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Examples of enabling in an abusive context are as follows:
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of the harm it may do, and the need or pressure to change.
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Hiding an abuser's dysfunctional actions from public view.
495:"Loved Ones of Addicts May Also Need Help Saying No"
544:Joan Lachkar, How to Talk to a Narcissist (2008).
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274:the abuser's other victims with behaviour such as
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130:which allow individuals to develop and grow in a
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146:In a negative sense, "enabling" can describe
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525:Padilla, A, Hogan, R & Kaiser, RB 2007,
456:"Codependency and Codependent Relationships"
250:Making excuses for another's violent rages.
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90:Learn how and when to remove this message
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431:Codependency and Pathological Altruism
481:"Are You an Enabler? - Psych Central"
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62:Some of this article's
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227:destructive leadership
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32:Empowerment
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334:References
328:Sycophancy
303:Projecting
187:immaturity
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179:addiction
160:awareness
80:June 2021
561:Enabling
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354:Archived
317:See also
142:Negative
122:Positive
112:enabling
69:reliable
181:, poor
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513:Quartz
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297:incest
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217:Abuse
193:, or
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546:ISBN
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