20:
827:
236:, to the end of the empire. They acted as guards and attendants, and due to their particular nature were often entrusted with highly confidential assignments, including executions. Their number varied but they were never numerous; they had their own uniforms, their own superiors (
19:
199:
system—from the 17th century, however, Muslim boys were also admitted. These boys received a thorough education and were destined for the highest state offices, beginning their career as pages in the Inner
Service, and were known as
571:
215:) which were , and after four years the best were sent to one of the four chambers dedicated to the Sultan's personal service, the remainder finding their way to the elite
763:
826:
961:
564:
806:
836:
883:
748:
557:
873:
753:
580:
779:
408:
386:
878:
799:
758:
743:
718:
687:
868:
116:, 'chamber'). Four were dedicated to the Sultan's personal service. In descending order of importance, these were the Privy Chamber (
652:
768:
733:
888:
435:
154:), who on account of his permanent proximity to the Sultan was a very influential individual; the Sultan's stirrup-holder (
672:
510:
468:
794:
856:
148:
or chief white eunuch. After the Kapi Agha came a number of senior officers or aghas: the head of the Privy
Chamber (
998:
966:
895:
528:
486:
441:
216:
51:
209:('lads of the interior'). The most able of these pages entered the service of the Great and Little Chambers (
848:
993:
622:
422:
702:
697:
396:
87:
to designate the "Inner
Service" of the imperial court, concerned with the private service of the
738:
610:
538:
496:
451:
404:
382:
191:, where princes were trained along with selected young Christian boys, gathered through the
59:
549:
99:). Its name derives from the location of the sultan's apartments in the inner court of the
861:
605:
88:
584:
523:
519:
481:
477:
430:
426:
188:
100:
84:
987:
947:
656:
632:
515:
473:
463:
418:
243:
692:
203:
900:
376:
372:
242:), and although many were literate, they also communicated in their own special
194:
141:
30:
542:
500:
455:
940:
923:
233:
223:
145:
181:
The Kapi Agha was also the head of the forty white eunuchs or White Aghas (
707:
682:
617:
237:
227:
210:
201:
192:
182:
173:
167:
161:
155:
149:
135:
129:
123:
117:
111:
94:
92:
44:
34:
24:
956:
930:
935:
918:
677:
104:
18:
952:
144:
the most powerful person in the palace after the Sultan—was the
553:
140:). The head of the Inner Service—and until the rise of the
262:
260:
258:
91:, as opposed to the state-administrative "Outer Service" (
103:, which in turn echoed the arrangements of the palace in
317:
289:
287:
110:
The Inner
Service was divided into departments (termed
352:
350:
378:
The
Ottoman Empire, 1300–1650: The Structure of Power
62:
222:
The Inner
Service was notable for its employment of
911:
847:
834:
777:
716:
650:
643:
598:
591:
166:); the keeper of the Sultan's linen undergarments (
509:
467:
434:
401:The Ottoman Empire: The Classical Age, 1300-1600
160:); the keeper of the Sultan's outer garments (
16:Interior Service of the Ottoman Imperial Court
565:
8:
172:); and the Sultan's confidential secretary (
68:
844:
647:
595:
572:
558:
550:
529:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
487:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
442:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
537:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 697–698.
341:
329:
305:
293:
278:
254:
187:s) whose responsibility was to run the
450:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 1006.
356:
266:
7:
495:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 277.
55:
381:. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
14:
764:Ministry of Trade and Agriculture
825:
107:, the Ottomans' second capital.
688:Defterdars/Ministers of Finance
1:
232:), at least from the time of
134:), and the Campaign Chamber (
238:
228:
211:
202:
193:
183:
174:
168:
162:
156:
150:
136:
130:
124:
118:
112:
93:
45:
35:
25:
962:Vassal and tributary states
749:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
83:) was the term used in the
63:
1015:
217:Kapıkulu cavalry divisions
823:
403:. London: Phoenix Press.
754:Ministry of the Interior
785:(constitutional period)
29:(Inner Service) with a
40:
703:Dragoman of the Porte
508:Parry, V. J. (1965).
128:), the Privy Larder (
22:
800:Chamber of Deputies
759:Ministry of Justice
744:Ministry of Finance
719:Imperial Government
269:, pp. 697–698.
879:Armenian Apostolic
663:(classical period)
581:State organisation
41:
981:
980:
977:
976:
821:
820:
817:
816:
807:political parties
739:Ministry of Evkaf
611:Ottoman Caliphate
410:978-1-8421-2442-0
388:978-0-3336-1386-3
344:, pp. 79–80.
332:, pp. 78–79.
318:Lewis et al. 1971
122:), the Treasury (
33:and a deaf-mute (
1006:
874:Eastern Orthodox
845:
829:
810:
787:
780:General Assembly
726:
665:
653:Imperial Council
648:
614:
596:
574:
567:
560:
551:
546:
513:
504:
471:
459:
438:
414:
392:
360:
354:
345:
339:
333:
327:
321:
315:
309:
303:
297:
291:
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276:
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241:
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139:
133:
127:
121:
115:
98:
82:
79:
76:
73:
70:
66:
57:
48:
38:
28:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1004:
1003:
984:
983:
982:
973:
907:
889:Coptic Orthodox
884:Syriac Orthodox
862:Sheikh ul-Islam
841:
838:
830:
813:
804:
788:
783:
782:
773:
769:Ministry of War
734:Cadastre Bureau
727:
724:(reform period)
722:
721:
712:
666:
661:
660:
639:
608:
606:Ottoman dynasty
587:
578:
507:
462:
436:"Ič-Og̲h̲lani̊"
433:, eds. (1971).
417:
411:
395:
389:
371:
368:
363:
355:
348:
340:
336:
328:
324:
320:, p. 1006.
316:
312:
304:
300:
292:
285:
277:
273:
265:
256:
252:
212:büyük/küçük oda
169:dülbend oghlanı
89:Ottoman sultans
80:
77:
74:
71:
52:Ottoman Turkish
17:
12:
11:
5:
1012:
1010:
1002:
1001:
999:Topkapı Palace
996:
986:
985:
979:
978:
975:
974:
972:
971:
970:
969:
959:
950:
948:Mutasarrifates
945:
944:
943:
933:
928:
927:
926:
915:
913:
909:
908:
906:
905:
904:
903:
893:
892:
891:
886:
881:
876:
866:
865:
864:
853:
851:
842:
837:Administrative
835:
832:
831:
824:
822:
819:
818:
815:
814:
812:
811:
802:
797:
791:
789:
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771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
730:
728:
717:
714:
713:
711:
710:
705:
700:
698:Reis ül-Küttab
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
669:
667:
651:
645:
641:
640:
638:
637:
636:
635:
633:Palace Schools
625:
623:Imperial Harem
620:
615:
602:
600:
599:House of Osman
593:
592:Central system
589:
588:
585:Ottoman Empire
579:
577:
576:
569:
562:
554:
548:
547:
505:
464:Lewis, Bernard
460:
415:
409:
397:İnalcık, Halil
393:
387:
367:
364:
362:
361:
359:, p. 277.
346:
334:
322:
310:
298:
283:
271:
253:
251:
248:
101:Topkapi Palace
85:Ottoman Empire
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1011:
1000:
997:
995:
994:Ottoman court
992:
991:
989:
968:
965:
964:
963:
960:
958:
954:
951:
949:
946:
942:
939:
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922:
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917:
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899:
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867:
863:
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858:
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854:
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850:
846:
843:
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833:
828:
808:
803:
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798:
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793:
792:
790:
786:
781:
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762:
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747:
745:
742:
740:
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735:
732:
731:
729:
725:
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709:
706:
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530:
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498:
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479:
475:
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449:
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443:
437:
432:
428:
424:
423:Ménage, V. L.
420:
416:
412:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
384:
380:
379:
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370:
369:
365:
358:
353:
351:
347:
343:
338:
335:
331:
326:
323:
319:
314:
311:
308:, p. 79.
307:
302:
299:
296:, p. 80.
295:
290:
288:
284:
281:, p. 76.
280:
275:
272:
268:
263:
261:
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255:
249:
247:
245:
244:sign language
240:
235:
230:
225:
220:
218:
213:
207:
205:
197:
196:
190:
189:palace school
185:
179:
176:
170:
164:
158:
152:
151:hass oda başı
147:
143:
138:
132:
126:
120:
114:
108:
106:
102:
97:
96:
90:
86:
65:
61:
53:
49:
47:
37:
32:
27:
23:Pages of the
21:
901:Hakham Bashi
869:Christianity
784:
723:
673:Grand Vizier
662:
627:
534:
527:
492:
485:
447:
440:
400:
377:
373:Imber, Colin
342:İnalcık 2000
337:
330:İnalcık 2000
325:
313:
306:İnalcık 2000
301:
294:İnalcık 2000
279:İnalcık 2000
274:
221:
180:
131:kilar-ı hass
109:
43:
42:
524:Schacht, J.
520:Pellat, Ch.
482:Schacht, J.
478:Pellat, Ch.
446:Volume III:
431:Schacht, J.
427:Pellat, Ch.
142:Kizlar Agha
137:seferli oda
31:court dwarf
988:Categories
941:Sanjakbeys
924:Beylerbeys
912:Provincial
644:Government
533:Volume II:
491:Volume II:
469:"Di̇lsi̇z"
357:Lewis 1965
267:Parry 1965
250:References
224:deaf-mutes
175:sır katibi
839:divisions
683:Kazaskers
543:495469475
516:Lewis, B.
511:"Enderūn"
501:495469475
474:Lewis, B.
456:495469525
419:Lewis, B.
399:(2000) .
239:başdilsiz
234:Mehmed II
146:Kapi Agha
957:Kadiluks
931:Vilayets
618:Seraglio
526:(eds.).
484:(eds.).
466:(1965).
375:(2002).
195:devşirme
157:rikabdar
119:hass oda
936:Sanjaks
919:Eyalets
896:Judaism
849:Millets
693:Nişancı
678:Viziers
628:Enderûn
583:of the
366:Sources
204:içoğlan
184:ak agha
163:çuhadar
72:
64:andarûn
60:Persian
58:, from
46:Enderûn
26:Enderûn
795:Senate
541:
522:&
499:
480:&
454:
448:H–Iram
429:&
407:
385:
229:dilsiz
125:hazine
105:Edirne
78:inside
56:اندرون
36:dilsiz
967:Rayas
953:Kazas
857:Islam
708:Birûn
657:Porte
514:. In
472:. In
95:Birûn
539:OCLC
497:OCLC
452:OCLC
405:ISBN
383:ISBN
69:lit.
535:C–G
493:C–G
178:).
113:oda
990::
531:.
518:;
489:.
476:;
444:.
439:.
425:;
421:;
349:^
286:^
257:^
246:.
219:.
67:,
54::
955:/
809:)
805:(
659:)
655:(
613:)
609:(
573:e
566:t
559:v
545:.
503:.
458:.
413:.
391:.
226:(
206:ı
81:'
75:'
50:(
39:)
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