484:
455:
529:
716:
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447:
36:
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312:. The Ovonic Materials segment invented, designed and developed materials and products based on ECD's materials science technology. ECD, through its subsidiaries, commercialized materials, products and production processes for the alternative energy generation (primarily solar energy), energy storage and information technology markets.
569:
682:
argues that large-format NiMH batteries are commercially viable but that
Cobasys refuses to sell or license them to small companies or individuals. Boschert reveals that Cobasys accepts only very large orders for these batteries. When Boschert conducted her research, major auto makers showed little
670:
In addition to holding a 50% share of
Cobasys, Chevron holds a 19.99% interest in ECD Ovonics. Chevron maintains veto power over any sale or licensing of Cobasys' NiMH technology. In addition, Chevron maintains the right to seize all of Cobasys' intellectual property rights in the event that ECD
315:
Ovonics (coined from "Ovshinsky" and "electronics") is a field of electronics that uses materials able to change from an electrically nonconducting state to a semiconducting state shown by glass of special composition upon application of a certain minimum voltage. The most important example is
547:
Manufacturing and global headquarters were in Auburn Hills, Michigan. A second campus was constructed in
Greenville, Michigan in 2007. Much of the production was sold to manufacturers and suppliers of building envelope elements, such as metal roofs (Rheinzink, Corus "Kalzip") or polymer roof
1251:
303:
Energy
Conversion Devices, Inc. (ECD), through its United Solar Ovonic (USO) subsidiary, was engaged in building-integrated and rooftop photovoltaics (PV). The Company manufactured, sold and installed thin-film solar laminates that converted sunlight to electrical energy.
307:
The
Company operated in two segments: United Solar Ovonic and Ovonic Materials. The Company's USO segment consisted of its wholly owned subsidiary, United Solar Ovonic LLC, which was engaged in manufacturing of PV laminates designed to be integrated directly with
284:, ECD was at one time the world's largest producer of flexible solar panels. Uni-Solar panels consisted of long rectangular strips with wiring at one end, which could be glued to any suitable supporting surface. They were widely used on flat roofs,
698:
electric vehicles (PHEVs). In 2009 Mercedes had planned to release an ML450 hybrid SUV in the United States, but
Chevron, the parent company, pulled funding from Cobasys and the batteries were not delivered. On July 14, 2009 Cobasys was bought by
1248:
327:
pioneered the field and coined the term after he founded Energy
Conversion Devices, Inc. (ECD) in 1960 to further his research in amorphous semiconductors. ECD Ovonics worked to create non-polluting, non-climate-changing energy sources.
711:
before later being folded into Bosch itself. Although mistaken as owning the intellectual property to the large NiMH battery packs, according to CEO Tom
Neslage they merely have an exclusive licensing deal with Chevron.
292:
865:
Energy
Conversion Devices (ECD Ovonics) Core Businesses & Strategic Alliances. ECD Ovonics was a leader in the fields of alternative energy generation and storage, and advanced information technologies
560:), Solar Integrated took responsibility for the whole supply chain from administration, system design and engineering to purchasing, construction, operations and maintenance of Uni-Solar products.
1015:
1000:
671:
Ovonics does not fulfill its contractual obligations. On
September 10, 2007, Chevron filed a legal claim that ECD Ovonics has not fulfilled its obligations. ECD Ovonics disputes this claim.
810:
483:
635:
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887:
690:. Although announced, the car was later scrapped and Saturn has been shut down. In March 2007, General Motors announced that it would use Cobasys NiMH batteries in the 2008
291:
On February 14, 2012, Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. and its subsidiaries, United Solar Ovonic LLC and Solar Integrated Technologies, Inc. filed for bankruptcy in the U.S.
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interest in NiMH batteries. Since no other companies were capable of producing large orders, Cobasys was not manufacturing any NiMH batteries for automotive purposes.
1181:
727:
Corporation for the gross purchase price of $ 58 million in cash before transaction fees, minority participations, and working capital and other adjustments.
65:
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as well. Cobasys remains unwilling to produce and sell NiMH batteries in smaller quantities to individuals interested in building or retrofitting their own
619:
622:. They made a report on it called "Clean Hydrogen Technology for 3-Wheel Transportation in India" and it stated that the performance was comparable with
557:
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In December 2006, Cobasys and General Motors announced that they had signed a contract under which Cobasys would provide NiMH batteries for the
969:
948:
Texaco To Acquire General Motor's Share of GM Ovonic Battery Joint Venture: Deal Reflects Technology's Potential For Broad Energy Applications
385:
Solar Integrated, Inc. (100% owned): Solar installations administration, system design, engineering, construction, operations and maintenance
1285:
1111:
644:
acquired a controlling interest in Ovonics's battery development and manufacturing, including patents controlling the manufacturing of large
888:
http://www.solarintegrated.com/singleview2011.html?&no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=186&cHash=9737cdc2fa4cd6e51f68bf0b2496d9ba
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membranes (Alwitra, Solar Integrated technologies). Flexible, thin-film solar PV products were also developed for space applications.
81:
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connected in series and have 11–13% in conversion efficiency. The laminate encapsulation material was durable
659:
announced its acquisition of Texaco six days later. In 2003, Texaco Ovonics Battery Systems was restructured into
556:
Solar Integrated, Inc. was a wholly owned subsidiary of Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. and as an EPC contractor (
471:
1064:
1018:
2009-05-20 at the Portuguese Web Archive. Texaco Investor Relations Archive, 2001-10-09. Retrieved on 2007-08-08.
266:
1003:
2009-05-20 at the Portuguese Web Archive Texaco Investor Relations Archive, 2000-10-16. Retrieved on 2007-08-08.
920:"Lightweight, Flexible Solar Cells on Stainless Steel Foil and Polymer for Space and Stratospheric Applications"
446:
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with symbol ENER in 2007 and on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, before being delisted after filing for bankruptcy.
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57:
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Proceedings of the 19th Space Photovoltaic Research and Technology Conference"; P. 54-66; NASA/CP-2007-214494
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The United Solar Ovonic Corporation was at one time the world's largest (2008) manufacturer of photovoltaic
343:
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61:
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ECD Ovonics was divided into three parts, and had full or partial ownership of several other companies.
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50:
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United Solar Ovonic roll-to-roll solar photovoltaic production line with 30 MW annual capacity
246:
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Chevron and Texaco Agree to $ 100 Billion Merger Creating Top-tier Integrated Energy Company
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1200:"Energy Conversion Devices Files Chapter 11; Seeks Sale of Businesses « Uni-Solar"
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1139:"InformationWeek, serving the information needs of the Business Technology Community"
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magazine in 1999, and inducted into the U.S.-based Solar Energy Hall of Fame in 2005.
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In February 2012, ECD sold its majority owned subsidiary, Ovonic Battery Company to
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499:, as of 2007 the company was the second-largest U.S. manufacturer, after
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Rare Earth Ovonic Inner Mongolia (19% owned by Ovonic Battery, 50% by
652:
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Lemelson-MIT Inventor of the Week: Amorphous Semiconductor Materials
655:
announced the purchase of General Motors' share in GM Ovonics, and
458:
United Solar Ovonic thin-film PV building-integrated solar shingles
349:
Founder Stanford Ovshinsky was honored as "Hero for the planet" by
714:
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957:. (Press release). Cobabsys, 2000-10-10. Retrieved on 2007-08-08.
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United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan
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29:
1065:
ECD Ovonics Amended General Statement of Beneficial Ownership
1124:"Cobasys providing NiMH batteries for Saturn Aura hybrid"
436:
Ovonic Cognitive Computer (95% owned by ECD, 5% by Ovonyx
68:
and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
878:
Paper from the U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory
1182:"Cobasys CEO Defends His Battery Company | Hybrid Cars"
1013:
ChevronTexaco Corporation Announce Completion of Merger
970:"GM will sell its 60% stake in battery maker to Texaco"
636:
Patent encumbrance of large automotive NiMH batteries
543:
solar PV system with United Solar Ovonic PV Laminates
532:
Solar PV Laminate Manufactured by United Solar Ovonic
1104:
Plug-in Hybrids: The Cars that Will Recharge America
676:
Plug-in Hybrids: The Cars that Will Recharge America
475:
Final installation and layout of Uni-Solar Ovonic's
876:
http://www.nrel.gov/pv/thin_film/docs/IEEE08off.pdf
719:
Flexible aerospace product from United Solar Ovonic
212:
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133:
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1029:"Supplier Cobasys exploring more hybrid batteries"
968:
1164:"Samsung-Bosch battery venture buys U.S. Cobasys"
399:Ovonic Battery Company (91.4% owned by ECD, 8.6%
378:United Solar Ovonic Corp (100% owned): flexible
620:burned hydrogen in an internal combustion engine
521:. The laminates were sold under the trademark "
1106:(Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers)
8:
1249:US Patent No. 6,969,567 - Multi-cell battery
1060:
1058:
937:India Showcases Hydrogen Fuel Auto-Rickshaws
772:
770:
663:, a 50/50 joint venture between Chevron and
118:
49:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to
1276:Companies based in Oakland County, Michigan
1231:NPR: Entrepreneur Retools Combustion Engine
899:http://www.uni-solar.com/interior.asp?id=94
761:"Chapter 11 Restructuring « Uni-Solar"
265:related products. ECD was headquartered in
64:and maintains a consistent citation style.
778:"Energy Conversion Devices Inc (ENER) SPO"
117:
388:Ovonic Fuel Cell Company LLC (100% owned)
257:. The company was also a manufacturer of
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1093:for the period ending September 30, 2007
594:
396:Ovonic Hydrogen Systems LLC (100% owned)
335:Was a producer of flexible solar panels.
1296:Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
752:
665:Energy Conversion Devices (ECD) Ovonics
331:Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. (ECD):
288:, semi-trailer cabs and similar roles.
1043:ECD Ovonics Definitive Proxy Statement
558:Engineering, Procurement, Construction
901:Unisolar list of strategic partners
646:nickel metal hydride (NiMH) batteries
578:nickel–metal hydride (NiMH) batteries
342:, solid-state hydrogen fuel storage,
7:
801:Helman, Christopher (8 April 2010).
358:ECD Ovonics stock was listed on the
56:Please consider converting them to
27:American photovoltaics manufacturer
1122:Abuelsamid, S. (December 6, 2006)
450:Metal hydride for hydrogen storage
25:
1084:ECD Ovonics 10-Q Quarterly Report
832:Hornblower, Margot (1999-02-22).
503:. The solar cells are made of 11
255:building-integrated photovoltaics
18:Energy Conversion Devices Ovonics
610:The battery was also used in an
433:Ovonyx Inc. (39.5% owned by ECD)
34:
1301:1960 establishments in Michigan
1219:on PBS.org: Meet the Ovshinskys
967:Miller, Joe (23 October 2000).
834:"Heroes For The Planet: Design"
813:from the original on 2014-04-30
467:United Solar Ovonic Corporation
231:Energy Conversion Devices, Inc.
119:Energy Conversion Devices, Inc.
1027:Roberson, J. (March 14, 2007)
918:Beernink, Kevin (2007-02-01).
678:, published in February 2007,
60:to ensure the article remains
1:
1217:Scientific American Frontiers
803:"Roofs for Rich Green People"
572:GM Ovonic NiMH Battery Module
495:. In the broader category of
420:(50% owned by Ovonic Battery)
1286:Thin-film cell manufacturers
737:Photovoltaic power stations
192:; 12 years ago
164:; 64 years ago
1317:
633:
517:, high light-transmissive
272:Through its wholly owned
614:concept vehicle made for
430:Ovonic Media (100% owned)
267:Rochester Hills, Michigan
1271:Oakland County, Michigan
905:October 5, 2007, at the
688:Saturn Aura hybrid sedan
588:, as well as many other
479:Flexible Solar PV panels
344:metal hydride fuel cells
278:United Solar Ovonic, LLC
1244:: Heroes for the Planet
1048:April 19, 2012, at the
692:Chevrolet Malibu hybrid
442:Metal hydride fuel cell
427:Information technology
323:Scientist-entrepreneur
144:: ENER (2003–2012)
1070:July 29, 2009, at the
985:"Electric Vehicles UK"
720:
624:compressed natural gas
607:
580:were used in the 1998
573:
552:Solar Integrated, Inc.
544:
533:
488:
480:
459:
451:
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274:Auburn Hills, Michigan
259:rechargeable batteries
218:Auburn Hills, Michigan
1281:Battery manufacturers
1089:May 24, 2009, at the
718:
651:On October 10, 2000,
598:
592:in production today.
571:
539:
531:
497:thin film solar cells
486:
474:
457:
449:
441:
325:Stanford R. Ovshinsky
243:thin-film solar cells
181:Stanford R. Ovshinsky
1291:Flexible electronics
1102:Boschert, S. (2007)
1074:of December 2, 2004
1052:of January 15, 2003
703:a joint venture of
318:phase change memory
120:
1254:2016-01-05 at the
1224:2015-10-12 at the
1032:Detroit Free Press
973:. Automotive News.
742:Sustainable energy
721:
630:Patent encumbrance
608:
586:General Motors EV1
574:
545:
534:
489:
481:
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382:laminates producer
375:Energy generation
338:Activity included
280:, better known as
237:) was an American
153:Alternative energy
1127:Autobloggreen.com
1112:978-0-86571-571-4
582:Chevrolet S-10 EV
541:Chevron Solarmine
508:amorphous silicon
367:Company structure
310:roofing materials
249:used in flexible
247:amorphous silicon
228:
227:
116:
115:
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66:Several templates
16:(Redirected from
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1188:on 2008-08-11.
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674:In her book,
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626:(CNG) autos.
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43:This article
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1143:the original
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785:. Retrieved
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685:
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669:
650:
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609:
605:Toyota Prius
601:NiMH battery
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522:
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380:photovoltaic
370:
350:
346:, and solar.
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