60:
377:...the removal of many genera from new and existing families into a state of incertae sedis. Their reduced status was attributed largely to poor or inadequate descriptions but it was accepted that some of the vagueness in the analysis was due to insufficient character states. It is also evident that a proportion of the characters used in the analysis, or their given states for particular taxa, were inappropriate or invalid. Additional complexity, and factors that have misled earlier authorities, are intrusion by extensive
33:
1240:
1254:
99:
59:
442:
refers to uncertainty about phylogenetic position of a taxon, which may be expressed, among others, by using a question mark after or before a taxon name. This should be distinguished from the situation where either it is uncertain how to use a name, often because the types have been lost
475:, but is used by taxonomists in their classifications to mean "of uncertain taxonomic position". In botany, a name is not validly published if it is not accepted by the author in the same publication. In zoology, a name proposed conditionally may be
479:
under certain conditions. For uncertainties at lower levels, some authors have proposed a system of "open nomenclature", suggesting that question marks be used to denote a questionable assignment. For example, if a new species was given the
1133:
McNeill, J.; Barrie, F.R.; Buck, W.R.; Demoulin, V.; Greuter, W.; Hawksworth, D.L.; Herendeen, P.S.; Knapp, S.; Marhold, K.; Prado, J.; Prud'homme Van Reine, W.F.; Smith, G.F.; Wiersema, J.H.; Turland, N.J. (2012).
333:
336:, stipulates that "species and subdivisions of genera must be assigned to genera, and infraspecific taxa must be assigned to species, because their names are combinations", but ranks higher than the
991:
Rebecca B. Harris; Per Alström; Anders Ödeen; Adam D. Leaché (2018). "Discordance between genomic divergence and phenotypic variation in a rapidly evolving avian genus (Motacilla)".
629:
1137:
International Code of
Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011
3368:
1582:
624:
520:
5232:
4741:
4172:
3734:
3510:
157:
group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of
897:
J. V. Remsen Jr.; C. D. Cadena; A. Jaramillo; M. Nores; J. F. Pacheco; M. B. Robbins; T. S. Schulenberg; F. G. Stiles; D. F. Stotz; K. J. Zimmer (2011).
862:
J. V. Remsen Jr.; C. D. Cadena; A. Jaramillo; M. Nores; J. F. Pacheco; M. B. Robbins; T. S. Schulenberg; F. G. Stiles; D. F. Stotz; K. J. Zimmer (2007).
410:
taxa are included, since many fossils are defined based on partial information. For example, if the phylogeny was constructed using soft tissue and
718:
1288:
1209:
658:
455:), or whether a poorly preserved specimen should be included within a given species or genus, which is often expressed using a 'cf.' (from Latin
426:
If conflicting results exist or if there is not a consensus among researchers as to how a taxon relates to other organisms, it may be listed as
3361:
1145:
1114:
993:
2078:
906:
871:
1090:
5276:
5266:
3406:
3354:
2112:
898:
863:
3401:
2107:
801:
Richard Arnold Davis; Holmes A. Semken Jr. (24 January 1975). "Fossils of uncertain affinity from the Upper
Devonian of Iowa".
110:, had controversial relationships with many other land tetrapods. Paleolontologists have mostly assigned them in the past as
1244:
5240:
3485:
3475:
3458:
2191:
2181:
2164:
1046:
Yamaguchi, Masashi; et al. (28 September 2012). "Prokaryote or eukaryote? A unique microorganism from the deep sea".
619:
532:
414:
as principal characters and the taxon in question is only known from a single tooth, it would be necessary to label it
5271:
1281:
366:
938:
758:
3890:
1425:
1258:
207:
4757:
5261:
5209:
5053:
4849:
3490:
2196:
2071:
1510:
1217:
726:
499:
Anton (?Anton)"; the "(?Anton)" indicates the author that assigned the question mark. So if Anton described
4121:
5034:
4241:
4221:
3705:
1274:
481:
274:
4673:
4574:
406:
are generated, since tissue for many rare organisms is hard to obtain. It is also a common scenario when
398:
analysis is conducted that does not include a certain taxon, the authors might choose to label the taxon
4567:
4548:
4375:
4295:
4074:
3453:
2159:
1738:
1388:
735:
566:
115:
5135:
4961:
4937:
4908:
4795:
4719:
4603:
4581:
3822:
4841:
4685:
4307:
4270:
4248:
4157:
4145:
32:
5104:
5041:
4923:
4817:
4133:
4062:
4039:
3656:
3619:
3567:
3267:
1403:
1094:
947:
812:
382:
332:
When formally naming a taxon, uncertainty about its taxonomic classification can be problematic. The
237:
4707:
4536:
4326:
4288:
3272:
932:
Per Alström; Knud A. Jønsson; Jon Fjeldså; Anders Ödeen; Per G. P. Ericson; Martin
Irestedt (2015).
5216:
5110:
4865:
4658:
4588:
4200:
4044:
2974:
2758:
403:
358:
308:, though some authors suggest (on the basis of no specified evidence) that they are definitely not.
5197:
5123:
4555:
3130:
756:(March 2001). "Fossil flowers of ericalean affinity from the Late Cretaceous of Southern Sweden".
5159:
4949:
4646:
4338:
4188:
3470:
3448:
3436:
3411:
2984:
2176:
2154:
2142:
2117:
2064:
1733:
1415:
1028:
1002:
844:
828:
775:
546:
451:
154:
4896:
4457:
4363:
3480:
3443:
3431:
3421:
3318:
3244:
3225:
2935:
2518:
2186:
2149:
2137:
2127:
1525:
1141:
1110:
1063:
1020:
973:
836:
803:
783:
553:
459:, compare, before a taxon name); such a convention is especially widespread in palaeontology.
227:
158:
40:
36:
3899:
5115:
4873:
4828:
4781:
4619:
3785:
3395:
3290:
3236:
2990:
2436:
2101:
1801:
1680:
1572:
1515:
1455:
1450:
1378:
1363:
1190:
1102:
1055:
1012:
963:
955:
820:
767:
753:
5166:
5070:
4883:
4878:
4632:
4434:
4412:
4227:
3940:
3911:
3861:
3696:
3591:
3559:
3163:
2338:
1974:
1879:
1841:
1796:
1728:
1485:
1445:
1430:
1323:
680:
511:(Anton) (?Bruno)", with the parentheses around Anton because the original assignment (to
1266:
1098:
951:
816:
5146:
5085:
5076:
4973:
4929:
4737:
4700:
4614:
4506:
4447:
3950:
3927:
3630:
3543:
3530:
3525:
3426:
3346:
3259:
3249:
3213:
2877:
2668:
2569:
2491:
2300:
2132:
1979:
1969:
1811:
1625:
1577:
1490:
1465:
1460:
1440:
1435:
1338:
1328:
1169:
968:
933:
476:
142:
111:
71:
67:
52:
1239:
910:
875:
373:
describes typical circumstances through which this category is applied in discussing:
5255:
5152:
4806:
4525:
4465:
4442:
4381:
4168:
4051:
4029:
3998:
3972:
3873:
3687:
3578:
3554:
3535:
3506:
3295:
3094:
3086:
2916:
2837:
2777:
2688:
2662:
2391:
1758:
1743:
1705:
1630:
1566:
1552:
1500:
1495:
1409:
1398:
1393:
1373:
1368:
1343:
1135:
297:
290:
848:
256:. Since it was unclear to which family it belongs, it was classified as Passeroidea
5012:
5002:
4726:
4518:
4490:
4399:
4319:
4255:
4110:
4085:
4008:
3604:
3586:
3328:
3155:
3135:
3075:
2979:
2952:
2899:
2857:
2824:
2599:
2377:
2316:
1954:
1949:
1924:
1899:
1889:
1816:
1685:
1559:
1520:
1505:
1480:
1475:
1420:
1353:
1032:
585:
538:
445:
370:
267:
190:
1106:
824:
4984:
4888:
4495:
4422:
3219:
3145:
2997:
2961:
2941:
2889:
2863:
2753:
2701:
2674:
2656:
2629:
2396:
2265:
2254:
2009:
1984:
1929:
1904:
1826:
1821:
1786:
1776:
1470:
1383:
1016:
558:
550:, a species that in the opinion of the taxonomist requires further investigation
378:
320:
253:
118:
103:
319:) is so rare and so obscure it is unable to be placed in any family within the
17:
5097:
4989:
4768:
4500:
4427:
3764:
3730:
3610:
3377:
3300:
3124:
3115:
3100:
2968:
2905:
2764:
2725:
2720:
2606:
2523:
2418:
2330:
2042:
2004:
1934:
1914:
1909:
1894:
1864:
1836:
1791:
1781:
1753:
1748:
1690:
1665:
1358:
1333:
1194:
362:
279:
4480:
3746:
3199:
3140:
2848:
2813:
2771:
2748:
2730:
2617:
2553:
2428:
2305:
2248:
2235:
2087:
1959:
1939:
1831:
1710:
1645:
1635:
1620:
1615:
1596:
1348:
1059:
934:"Dramatic niche shifts and morphological change in two insular bird species"
395:
312:
283:
262:
249:
2056:
1067:
1024:
977:
840:
787:
1253:
3465:
3381:
3206:
3168:
3069:
3046:
2593:
2588:
2580:
2510:
2385:
2260:
2243:
2221:
2171:
2014:
1994:
1989:
1964:
1944:
1919:
1884:
1874:
1869:
1700:
1675:
1655:
1315:
411:
305:
301:
199:
107:
85:
81:
76:
959:
234:. It was later agreed to place them in a separate order, Cathartiformes.
98:
3752:
3322:
3057:
2894:
2740:
2647:
2636:
2500:
2406:
2362:
2270:
2019:
1999:
1695:
1670:
1660:
1650:
1606:
1543:
1181:
832:
779:
122:
2712:
2442:
2344:
2286:
1859:
1851:
1720:
503:, and Bruno called the assignment into doubt, this could be denoted "
407:
220:
212:
74:, US. Workers usually assign this organism to the hydrozoans (phylum
771:
402:
instead of guessing its placement. This is particularly common when
1007:
650:
3282:
2922:
1768:
1640:
337:
230:(family Cathartidae) should be assigned, they were placed in Aves
97:
58:
31:
88:, order Gorgonaria), but it is probably safest to refer to it as
2539:
1806:
1298:
48:
3350:
2060:
1270:
334:
International Code of
Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants
211:, described in 1975, could not be assigned to any known animal
1140:. Vol. Regnum Vegetabile 154. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag KG.
278:, a single-celled organism that is apparently distinct from
161:, uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is indicated by
899:"A classification of the bird species of South America"
864:"A classification of the bird species of South America"
194:
could not be assigned to any family, but was placed
5189:
5063:
4864:
4749:
4736:
4479:
4411:
4353:
4280:
4180:
4167:
4103:
4022:
3991:
3984:
3889:
3729:
3677:
3518:
3505:
3281:
3258:
3235:
3185:
3154:
3114:
3085:
3056:
3044:
2951:
2915:
2876:
2847:
2823:
2810:
2739:
2711:
2687:
2646:
2616:
2579:
2566:
2536:
2509:
2489:
2427:
2405:
2359:
2329:
2314:
2283:
2234:
2219:
2032:
1850:
1767:
1719:
1604:
1595:
1542:
1314:
630:
International
Commission on Zoological Nomenclature
519:?) by Bruno. This practice is not included in the
294:is a bacterium that can form star-shaped minerals.
1583:Archaeal Richmond Mine acidophilic nanoorganisms
1085:". In Joachim Reitner & Volker Theil (ed.).
27:Term to indicate an uncertain taxonomic position
719:"Notes on open nomenclature and synonymy lists"
260:, until a 2015 phylogenetic study placed it in
712:
710:
708:
706:
704:
702:
700:
84:) or the gorgonarians (phylum Cnidaria, class
3362:
2072:
1282:
625:International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
521:International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
8:
487:by Anton and attributed with uncertainty to
542:, a name of unknown or doubtful application
174:
168:
162:
147:
134:
125:
89:
4746:
4177:
3988:
3515:
3369:
3355:
3347:
3232:
3062:
3053:
3041:
2948:
2912:
2882:
2829:
2820:
2807:
2693:
2622:
2576:
2563:
2546:
2533:
2506:
2486:
2482:
2411:
2369:
2326:
2322:
2293:
2231:
2227:
2216:
2212:
2079:
2065:
2057:
1601:
1539:
1311:
1307:
1289:
1275:
1267:
434:Phylogenetic vs. nomenclatural uncertainty
1089:. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series.
1006:
967:
381:, apparent character state reversals and
145:for 'of uncertain placement') or
226:While it was unclear to which order the
179:(of uncertain order) and similar terms.
903:South American Classification Committee
868:South American Classification Committee
659:United States Department of Agriculture
577:
523:, and is used only by paleontologists.
51:until the recognition of the new order
3337:denotes groups with over 1,000 species
1128:
1126:
685:. Oxford University Press. p. 704
614:
612:
610:
994:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
471:" is not a nomenclatural term at all
304:animals, sometimes attributed to the
7:
121:. A compromise is to place them as
25:
1252:
1238:
1208:Bengtson, Peter (January 1988).
430:until the conflict is resolved.
252:that belongs to the superfamily
2816:
2812:
2572:
2568:
907:American Ornithologists' Union
872:American Ornithologists' Union
1:
1243:The dictionary definition of
1107:10.1007/978-1-4020-9212-1_220
533:Glossary of scientific naming
467:In zoological nomenclature, "
114:. Others have placed them as
825:10.1126/science.187.4173.251
734:(4): 713–719. Archived from
651:"Frequently Asked Questions"
1017:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.11.020
390:Not included in an analysis
5293:
1087:Encyclopedia of Geobiology
939:Royal Society Open Science
759:American Journal of Botany
463:In zoological nomenclature
66:Hall, 1858 (6.3 cm tall),
5226:
4763:"Acidulodesulfobacteriia"
3389:
3313:
3065:
3040:
2885:
2832:
2806:
2696:
2625:
2562:
2549:
2532:
2485:
2481:
2414:
2372:
2325:
2296:
2230:
2215:
2211:
2095:
1538:
1310:
1306:
1301:phyla/divisions by domain
1195:10.11646/zootaxa.1599.1.8
1081:Joachim Reitner (2011). "
357:This excerpt from a 2007
215:. The genus is therefore
173:(of uncertain suborder),
112:eupelycosaurian synapsids
106:, a mysterious family of
5020:"Thermodesulfovibrionia"
4758:Acidulodesulfobacteriota
3773:"Thermosediminibacteria"
3711:"Marinamargulisbacteria"
2542:
2538:
5277:Zoological nomenclature
5267:Biological nomenclature
5054:Thermodesulfobacteriota
4855:"Thermosulfidibacteria"
3714:"Riflemargulisbacteria"
1511:Thermodesulfobacteriota
1168:Graham J. Bird (2007).
717:S. C. Matthews (1973).
682:A Dictionary of Zoology
491:, it could be denoted "
202:when described in 2001.
167:(of uncertain family),
5210:Salinosulfoleibacteria
5028:"Lambdaproteobacteria"
4850:Thermosulfidibacterota
4127:"Macinerneyibacteriia"
3770:"Thermoanaerobacteria"
3697:Vampirovibrionophyceae
387:
367:Kuril–Kamchatka Trench
328:In formal nomenclature
275:Parakaryon myojinensis
244:, previously known as
175:
169:
163:
148:
135:
131:
126:
95:
90:
56:
4122:Macinerneyibacteriota
1739:Neocallimastigomycota
1060:10.1093/jmicro/dfs062
567:Unclassified language
404:molecular phylogenies
375:
153:is a term used for a
101:
62:
35:
5105:Polarisedimenticolia
5093:"Guanabaribacteriia"
5035:Schekmaniibacteriota
4776:"Desulfurobacteriia"
4691:"Handelsmanbacteria"
4679:"Krumholzibacteriia"
4242:Firestoneibacteriota
4222:Desantisiibacteriota
4040:Coprothermobacterota
3920:"Absconditabacteria"
3837:"Desulfitobacteriia"
3706:Margulisiibacteriota
1404:Coprothermobacterota
1263:at Wikimedia Commons
1093:. pp. 563–565.
752:Jürg Schönenberger;
383:convergent evolution
246:Amaurocichla bocagii
191:Paradinandra suecica
5239:Alternative views:
5111:Thermoanaerobaculia
4914:"Anaeroferrophilia"
4866:Deltaproteobacteria
4838:Desulfobacterota G
4701:Neomarinimicrobiota
4674:Krumholzibacteriota
4575:Edwardsiibacteriota
4301:"Hinthialibacteria"
4080:"Thermodesulfobiia"
4045:Coprothermobacteria
3857:"Halanaerobiaeota"
3805:"Thermaerobacteria"
3692:"Sericytochromatia"
3214:Gunflint microbiota
2975:Klebsormidiophyceae
2759:Hyphochytriomycetes
1210:"Open Nomenclature"
1099:2011enge.book.....R
960:10.1098/rsos.140364
952:2015RSOS....240364A
817:1975Sci...187..251A
679:Allaby, M. (1999).
515:) was modified (to
219:within the kingdom
5272:Taxonomy (biology)
4967:"Methylomirabilia"
4917:"Deferrimicrobiia"
4801:"Calescibacteriia"
4627:"Raymondbacteriia"
4609:"Fermentibacteria"
4568:Delongiibacteriota
4549:Coatesiibacteriota
4376:Lindowiibacteriota
4296:Hinthialibacterota
4075:Thermodesulfobiota
3923:"Andersenbacteria"
3849:"Syntrophomonadia"
3840:"Desulfotomaculia"
3831:"Carboxydothermia"
3662:"Eudoremicrobiia"
3647:"Heboniibacteriia"
2985:Coleochaetophyceae
2365:
2361:
2289:
2285:
1734:Blastocladiomycota
878:on 10 October 2007
588:Plumalina plumaria
547:Species inquirenda
452:species inquirenda
317:Titanomis sisyrota
248:, is a species of
228:New World vultures
170:incerti subordinis
132:
96:
64:Plumalina plumaria
57:
37:New World vultures
5249:
5248:
5185:
5184:
5181:
5180:
5136:Leptospirillaeota
5090:"Fischerbacteria"
4962:Methylomirabilota
4938:Desulfuromonadota
4909:Deferrimicrobiota
4833:"Deferribacteria"
4796:Calescibacteriota
4786:"Campylobacteria"
4720:Tianyaibacteriota
4694:"Latescibacteria"
4604:Fermentibacterota
4582:Eiseniibacteriota
4484:(Sphingobacteria)
4458:Verrucomicrobiota
4416:(Planctobacteria)
4313:"Hydrogenedentia"
4215:"Tritonobacteria"
4099:
4098:
3965:"Saccharimonadia"
3946:"Howlettbacteria"
3885:
3884:
3869:"Selenobacteria"
3834:"Dehalobacteriia"
3828:"Carboxydocellia"
3823:Desulfotomaculota
3813:"Hydrogenisporia"
3802:"Symbiobacteriia"
3791:"Proteinivoracia"
3635:"Abditibacteriia"
3548:"Geothermincolia"
3344:
3343:
3309:
3308:
3245:Spironematellidae
3226:Meteora sporadica
3181:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3110:
3109:
3036:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3007:
2936:Prasinodermophyta
2872:
2871:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2683:
2682:
2519:Centroplasthelida
2477:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2355:
2354:
2279:
2278:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2028:
2027:
1591:
1590:
1534:
1533:
1526:Verrucomicrobiota
1257:Media related to
1147:978-3-87429-425-6
1116:978-1-4020-9211-4
811:(4173): 251–254.
554:Wastebasket taxon
242:Motacilla bocagii
238:Bocage's longbill
198:within the order
188:The fossil plant
164:incertae familiae
159:open nomenclature
47:within the class
41:California condor
16:(Redirected from
5284:
5141:"Leptospirillia"
5116:Vicinamibacteria
5047:"Entotheonellia"
4943:Desulfuromonadia
4874:Bdellovibrionota
4842:Syntrophorhabdia
4829:Deferribacterota
4782:Campylobacterota
4747:
4686:Latescibacterota
4620:Chitinivibrionia
4597:"Tariuqbacteria"
4470:Verrucomicrobiia
4308:Hydrogenedentota
4271:Ratteibacteriota
4264:"Velamenicoccia"
4249:Goldiibacteriota
4212:"Erginobacteria"
4206:"Ancaeobacteria"
4178:
4158:Walliibacteriota
4146:Rifleibacteriota
4139:"Muiribacteriia"
4068:"Lithacetigenia"
3989:
3959:"Microgenomatia"
3936:"Doudnabacteria"
3781:"Dethiobacteria"
3740:
3720:"Termititenacia"
3684:Cyanobacteriota
3668:"Eremiobacteria"
3599:"Limnocylindria"
3573:"Bipolaricaulia"
3516:
3418:
3398:
3371:
3364:
3357:
3348:
3291:Collodictyonidae
3237:Hemimastigophora
3233:
3192:
3063:
3054:
3050:
3042:
2991:Zygnematophyceae
2949:
2929:
2913:
2883:
2830:
2821:
2817:
2808:
2694:
2623:
2577:
2573:
2564:
2547:
2543:
2534:
2507:
2494:
2487:
2483:
2437:Choanoflagellata
2412:
2370:
2366:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2294:
2290:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2217:
2213:
2124:
2104:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2058:
1802:Anthocerotophyta
1681:Hemimastigophora
1602:
1573:Nitrososphaerota
1540:
1516:Thermomicrobiota
1456:Kiritimatiellota
1451:Ignavibacteriota
1416:Deferribacterota
1379:Campylobacterota
1364:Bdellovibrionota
1312:
1308:
1291:
1284:
1277:
1268:
1256:
1242:
1227:
1226:
1214:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1178:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1130:
1121:
1120:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1010:
988:
982:
981:
971:
929:
923:
922:
920:
918:
909:. Archived from
894:
888:
887:
885:
883:
874:. Archived from
859:
853:
852:
798:
792:
791:
754:Else Marie Friis
749:
743:
742:
741:on 27 July 2011.
740:
723:
714:
695:
694:
692:
690:
676:
670:
669:
667:
665:
647:
641:
640:
638:
636:
616:
605:
604:
602:
600:
582:
482:specific epithet
359:scientific paper
353:Poor description
340:may be assigned
300:are a family of
178:
172:
166:
151:
140:
129:
93:
21:
5292:
5291:
5287:
5286:
5285:
5283:
5282:
5281:
5252:
5251:
5250:
5245:
5233:Bergey's Manual
5222:
5177:
5172:"Pseudomonadia"
5082:"Aminicenantia"
5071:Acidobacteriota
5059:
5042:Tectimicrobiota
4924:Deferrisomatota
4884:Bdellovibrionia
4879:Bacteriovoracia
4860:
4818:Dadaibacteriota
4740:
4732:
4727:Zixiibacteriota
4713:"Marinisomatia"
4667:"Stahlbacteria"
4640:"Glassbacteria"
4633:Gemmatimonadota
4542:"Cloacimonadia"
4507:Ignavibacteriia
4483:
4475:
4462:Kiritimatiellia
4452:"Uabimicrobiia"
4435:Planctomycetota
4415:
4407:
4356:bacteriobiontes
4355:
4349:
4332:"Saltatorellae"
4276:
4228:Elusimicrobiota
4171:
4163:
4151:"Ozemibacteria"
4134:Muiribacteriota
4095:
4063:Lithacetigenota
4052:Dictyoglomerota
4018:
3980:
3968:"Torokbacteria"
3962:"Paceibacteria"
3956:"Kazanbacteria"
3941:Gracilibacteria
3933:"Dojkabacteria"
3912:Patescibacteria
3905:"Elulimicrobia"
3881:
3799:"Sulfobacillia"
3738:
3737:
3733:
3725:
3717:"Saganbacteria"
3678:Cyanoprokaryota
3673:
3657:Eremiobacterota
3625:"Dormibacteria"
3620:Dormiibacterota
3596:Ktedonobacteria
3592:Dehalococcoidia
3568:Bipolaricaulota
3560:Thermoleophilia
3551:"Humimicrobiia"
3509:
3501:
3500:
3416:
3394:
3385:
3375:
3345:
3340:
3305:
3277:
3268:Ancyromonadidae
3254:
3231:
3186:
3173:
3164:Malawimonadidae
3150:
3106:
3081:
3045:
3004:
2947:
2920:
2919:
2911:
2868:
2843:
2811:
2782:
2735:
2707:
2679:
2642:
2612:
2567:
2558:
2537:
2528:
2505:
2490:
2449:
2423:
2401:
2360:
2351:
2315:
2310:
2284:
2275:
2220:
2207:
2206:
2122:
2100:
2091:
2085:
2055:
2046:
2024:
1975:Gnathostomulida
1880:Xenacoelomorpha
1846:
1842:Flowering plant
1797:Marchantiophyta
1763:
1729:Chytridiomycota
1715:
1587:
1530:
1486:Planctomycetota
1446:Gemmatimonadota
1431:Elusimicrobiota
1324:Acidobacteriota
1302:
1295:
1235:
1230:
1212:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1176:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1117:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1045:
1044:
1040:
990:
989:
985:
931:
930:
926:
916:
914:
913:on 2 March 2009
896:
895:
891:
881:
879:
861:
860:
856:
800:
799:
795:
772:10.2307/2657112
751:
750:
746:
738:
721:
716:
715:
698:
688:
686:
678:
677:
673:
663:
661:
655:PLANTS database
649:
648:
644:
634:
632:
618:
617:
608:
598:
596:
584:
583:
579:
575:
529:
465:
436:
424:
392:
355:
350:
330:
313:frosted phoenix
208:Gluteus minimus
185:
176:incerti ordinis
28:
23:
22:
18:Enigmatic taxon
15:
12:
11:
5:
5290:
5288:
5280:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5262:Incertae sedis
5254:
5253:
5247:
5246:
5244:
5243:
5237:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5220:
5213:
5206:
5205:
5204:
5193:
5191:
5187:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5176:
5175:
5174:
5173:
5170:
5163:
5156:
5147:Pseudomonadota
5144:
5143:
5142:
5132:
5131:
5130:
5120:
5119:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5101:
5094:
5091:
5088:
5086:Blastocatellia
5083:
5080:
5077:Acidobacteriia
5067:
5065:
5061:
5060:
5058:
5057:
5050:
5049:
5048:
5038:
5031:
5030:
5029:
5023:
5022:
5021:
5018:
5010:
5009:
5008:
5000:
4999:
4998:
4995:
4994:"Bradymonadia"
4992:
4982:
4981:
4980:
4979:"Moduliflexia"
4970:
4969:
4968:
4958:
4957:
4956:
4946:
4945:
4944:
4934:
4933:
4932:
4930:Deferrisomatia
4920:
4919:
4918:
4915:
4905:
4904:
4903:
4893:
4892:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4870:
4868:
4862:
4861:
4859:
4858:
4857:
4856:
4846:
4845:
4844:
4836:
4835:
4834:
4826:
4825:
4824:
4823:"Dadabacteria"
4814:
4813:
4812:
4804:
4803:
4802:
4792:
4791:
4790:
4787:
4779:
4778:
4777:
4774:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4753:
4751:
4744:
4738:Proteobacteria
4734:
4733:
4731:
4730:
4723:
4716:
4715:
4714:
4708:Marinisomatota
4704:
4697:
4696:
4695:
4692:
4682:
4681:
4680:
4670:
4669:
4668:
4665:
4664:"Hydrothermia"
4655:
4654:
4653:
4643:
4642:
4641:
4638:
4637:Gemmatimonadia
4630:
4629:
4628:
4625:
4622:
4615:Fibrobacterota
4612:
4611:
4610:
4600:
4599:
4598:
4595:
4594:"Electryoneia"
4585:
4578:
4571:
4564:
4563:
4562:
4561:"Cosmopolitia"
4552:
4545:
4544:
4543:
4537:Cloacimonadota
4533:
4532:
4531:
4523:
4522:
4521:
4516:
4513:
4512:"Kapabacteria"
4510:
4503:
4498:
4487:
4485:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4473:
4472:
4471:
4468:
4463:
4455:
4454:
4453:
4450:
4448:Planctomycetia
4445:
4440:
4432:
4431:
4430:
4419:
4417:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4396:
4393:
4390:
4389:"Brachyspirae"
4387:
4386:"Brevinematia"
4379:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4359:
4357:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4347:
4346:
4345:
4335:
4334:
4333:
4327:Saltatorellota
4323:
4320:Poribacteriota
4316:
4315:
4314:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4292:
4289:Abyssubacteria
4284:
4282:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4262:
4252:
4245:
4238:
4237:
4236:
4233:
4232:Elusimicrobiia
4225:
4218:
4217:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4209:"Auribacteria"
4207:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4184:
4182:
4175:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4161:
4154:
4153:
4152:
4142:
4141:
4140:
4130:
4129:
4128:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4111:Fusobacteriota
4107:
4105:
4101:
4100:
4097:
4096:
4094:
4093:
4092:
4091:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4071:
4070:
4069:
4059:
4058:
4057:
4056:Dictyoglomeria
4049:
4048:
4047:
4037:
4036:
4035:
4026:
4024:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4014:
4006:
4005:
4004:
3995:
3993:
3986:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3976:
3969:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3951:Katanobacteria
3947:
3944:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3928:Berkelbacteria
3924:
3921:
3918:
3908:
3907:
3906:
3895:
3893:
3887:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3867:
3866:
3865:
3855:
3854:
3853:
3852:"Thermincolia"
3850:
3847:
3844:
3841:
3838:
3835:
3832:
3829:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3814:
3808:
3807:
3806:
3803:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3786:Natranaerobiia
3782:
3776:
3775:
3774:
3771:
3768:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3743:
3741:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3722:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3702:
3701:
3700:
3693:
3690:
3681:
3679:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3671:
3670:
3669:
3666:
3660:
3653:
3652:
3651:
3648:
3645:
3644:Fimbriimonadia
3642:
3641:Chthonomonadia
3639:
3636:
3631:Armatimonadota
3628:
3627:
3626:
3616:
3615:
3614:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3576:
3575:
3574:
3564:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3549:
3546:
3544:Coriobacteriia
3541:
3540:"Aquicultoria"
3538:
3533:
3531:Acidimicrobiia
3526:Actinomycetota
3522:
3520:
3513:
3503:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3491:Mesomycetozoea
3488:
3483:
3473:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3440:
3439:
3427:Diaphoretickes
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3391:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3384:classification
3376:
3374:
3373:
3366:
3359:
3351:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3332:
3325:
3321:excluded from
3314:
3311:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3287:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3273:Planomonadidae
3270:
3264:
3262:
3260:Ancyromonadida
3256:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3250:Paramastigidae
3247:
3241:
3239:
3230:
3229:
3222:
3216:
3210:
3202:
3195:
3193:
3189:Incertae sedis
3183:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3171:
3166:
3160:
3158:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3120:
3118:
3112:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3097:
3091:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3072:
3066:
3060:
3051:
3038:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3022:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2994:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2965:
2957:
2955:
2946:
2945:
2938:
2932:
2930:
2910:
2909:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2886:
2880:
2878:Archaeplastida
2874:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2853:
2851:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2833:
2827:
2818:
2804:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2717:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2697:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2672:
2669:Dinoflagellata
2665:
2663:Chrompodellida
2660:
2652:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2633:
2626:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2603:
2596:
2591:
2585:
2583:
2574:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2550:
2544:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2521:
2515:
2513:
2504:
2503:
2497:
2495:
2492:Diaphoretickes
2479:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2439:
2433:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2415:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2381:
2373:
2367:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2341:
2335:
2333:
2320:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2297:
2291:
2281:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2251:
2246:
2240:
2238:
2225:
2209:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2197:Mesomycetozoea
2194:
2189:
2179:
2169:
2168:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2133:Diaphoretickes
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2097:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2090:classification
2086:
2084:
2083:
2076:
2069:
2061:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2040:
2038:
2035:Incertae sedis
2030:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1980:Micrognathozoa
1977:
1972:
1970:Acanthocephala
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1856:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1812:Lycopodiophyta
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1773:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1725:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1626:Ancyromonadida
1623:
1618:
1612:
1610:
1599:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1578:Thermoproteota
1575:
1570:
1563:
1556:
1548:
1546:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1491:Pseudomonadota
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1466:Mycoplasmatota
1463:
1461:Lentisphaerota
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1441:Fusobacteriota
1438:
1436:Fibrobacterota
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1339:Armatimonadota
1336:
1331:
1329:Actinomycetota
1326:
1320:
1318:
1304:
1303:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1286:
1279:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1260:incertae sedis
1250:
1246:incertae sedis
1234:
1233:External links
1231:
1229:
1228:
1225:(31): 223–227.
1200:
1172:incertae cedis
1160:
1146:
1122:
1115:
1073:
1054:(6): 423–431.
1038:
983:
924:
889:
854:
793:
766:(3): 467–480.
744:
696:
671:
642:
606:
576:
574:
571:
570:
569:
564:
556:
551:
543:
535:
528:
525:
469:incertae sedis
464:
461:
440:incertae sedis
435:
432:
428:incertae sedis
423:
420:
416:incertae sedis
400:incertae sedis
391:
388:
354:
351:
349:
348:Reason for use
346:
342:incertae sedis
329:
326:
325:
324:
309:
295:
287:
271:
258:incertae sedis
250:passerine bird
235:
232:incertae sedis
224:
217:incertae sedis
203:
196:incertae sedis
184:
181:
137:Incertae sedis
127:incertae sedis
91:incertae sedis
72:New York State
68:Upper Devonian
53:Cathartiformes
45:incertae sedis
43:, were placed
39:, such as the
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5289:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5259:
5257:
5242:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5229:
5228:
5225:
5218:
5217:Teskebacteria
5214:
5211:
5207:
5203:"Qinglongiia"
5202:
5201:
5199:
5195:
5194:
5192:
5188:
5171:
5168:
5167:Magnetococcia
5164:
5161:
5160:Mariprofundia
5157:
5154:
5153:Caulobacteria
5150:
5149:
5148:
5145:
5140:
5139:
5137:
5133:
5129:"Canglongiia"
5128:
5127:
5125:
5121:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5106:
5102:
5099:
5095:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5081:
5078:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5062:
5055:
5051:
5046:
5045:
5043:
5039:
5036:
5032:
5027:
5026:
5024:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5014:
5011:
5006:
5005:
5004:
5001:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4986:
4983:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4974:Moduliflexota
4971:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4959:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4947:
4942:
4941:
4939:
4935:
4931:
4928:
4927:
4925:
4921:
4916:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4906:
4901:
4900:
4898:
4894:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4876:
4875:
4872:
4871:
4869:
4867:
4863:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4847:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4832:
4831:
4830:
4827:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4815:
4810:
4809:
4808:
4807:Chrysiogenota
4805:
4800:
4799:
4797:
4793:
4789:Desulfurellia
4788:
4785:
4784:
4783:
4780:
4775:
4772:
4771:
4770:
4767:
4762:
4761:
4759:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4728:
4724:
4721:
4717:
4712:
4711:
4709:
4705:
4702:
4698:
4693:
4690:
4689:
4687:
4683:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4671:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4659:Hydrothermota
4656:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4644:
4639:
4636:
4635:
4634:
4631:
4626:
4624:Fibrobacteria
4623:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4616:
4613:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4601:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4589:Electryoneota
4586:
4583:
4579:
4576:
4572:
4569:
4565:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4550:
4546:
4541:
4540:
4538:
4534:
4529:
4528:
4527:
4526:Calditrichota
4524:
4520:
4517:
4514:
4511:
4508:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4493:
4492:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4482:
4478:
4469:
4467:
4466:Lentisphaeria
4464:
4461:
4460:
4459:
4456:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4443:Phycisphaeria
4441:
4438:
4437:
4436:
4433:
4429:
4426:
4425:
4424:
4421:
4420:
4418:
4414:
4410:
4401:
4397:
4395:"Leptospiria"
4394:
4392:"Exilispiria"
4391:
4388:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4382:Spirochaetota
4380:
4377:
4373:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4352:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4336:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4324:
4321:
4317:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4305:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4279:
4272:
4268:
4263:
4261:"Omnitrophia"
4260:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4246:
4243:
4239:
4235:Endomicrobiia
4234:
4231:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4223:
4219:
4214:
4211:
4208:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4201:Auribacterota
4198:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4186:
4185:
4183:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4169:Hydrobacteria
4166:
4159:
4155:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4143:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4131:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4119:
4115:Fusobacteriia
4114:
4113:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4104:Fusobacterida
4102:
4090:"Thermotogia"
4089:
4088:
4087:
4084:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4072:
4067:
4066:
4064:
4060:
4055:
4054:
4053:
4050:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4038:
4033:
4032:
4031:
4030:Caldisericota
4028:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4012:
4011:
4010:
4007:
4002:
4001:
4000:
3999:Atribacterota
3997:
3996:
3994:
3992:Synergistetes
3990:
3987:
3983:
3974:
3973:Wirthbacteria
3970:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3932:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3913:
3909:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3875:
3874:Selenomonadia
3871:
3870:
3868:
3863:
3862:Halanaerobiia
3859:
3858:
3856:
3851:
3848:
3846:"Peptococcia"
3845:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3833:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3820:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3804:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3790:
3787:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3754:
3750:
3749:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3719:
3716:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3703:
3698:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3688:Cyanobacteria
3686:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3676:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3654:
3649:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3638:Armatimonadia
3637:
3634:
3633:
3632:
3629:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3617:
3612:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3603:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:"Caldilineia"
3582:
3581:
3580:
3579:Chloroflexota
3577:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3555:Rubrobacteria
3553:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3536:Actinomycetia
3534:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3511:BV1, BV3, BV5
3508:
3507:Terrabacteria
3504:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3464:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3454:Stramenopiles
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3417:(major groups
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3383:
3379:
3372:
3367:
3365:
3360:
3358:
3353:
3352:
3349:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3326:
3324:
3320:
3317:¹traditional
3316:
3315:
3312:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3296:Mantamonadida
3294:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3284:
3280:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3257:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3238:
3234:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3221:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3184:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3153:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3126:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3117:
3113:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3096:
3095:Heterolobosea
3093:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3087:Discicristata
3084:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3052:
3048:
3043:
3039:
3000:
2999:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2926:
2918:
2917:Viridiplantae
2914:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2840:
2839:
2838:Microheliella
2835:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2819:
2815:
2809:
2805:
2779:
2778:Actinophryida
2776:
2774:
2773:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2689:Stramenopiles
2686:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2575:
2571:
2565:
2561:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2535:
2531:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2392:Ichthyosporea
2390:
2388:
2387:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2375:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2358:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2340:
2339:Rotosphaerida
2337:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2301:Apusomonadida
2299:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2288:
2282:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2160:Stramenopiles
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2123:(major groups
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2082:
2077:
2075:
2070:
2068:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1760:
1759:Basidiomycota
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1744:Glomeromycota
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1706:Stramenopiles
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1631:Apusomonadida
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1567:Nanoarchaeota
1564:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1553:Euryarchaeota
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1501:Spirochaetota
1499:
1497:
1496:Rhodothermota
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1426:Dictyoglomota
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1410:Cyanobacteria
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1399:Chrysiogenota
1397:
1395:
1394:Chloroflexota
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1374:Calditrichota
1372:
1370:
1369:Caldisericota
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1344:Atribacterota
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1280:
1278:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1262:
1261:
1255:
1251:
1249:at Wiktionary
1248:
1247:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1218:Palaeontology
1211:
1204:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1175:
1173:
1164:
1161:
1149:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1118:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1083:Metallogenium
1077:
1074:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1042:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
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1004:
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987:
984:
979:
975:
970:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
946:(3): 140364.
945:
941:
940:
935:
928:
925:
912:
908:
904:
900:
893:
890:
877:
873:
869:
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846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
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806:
805:
797:
794:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
760:
755:
748:
745:
737:
733:
729:
728:
727:Palaeontology
720:
713:
711:
709:
707:
705:
703:
701:
697:
684:
683:
675:
672:
660:
656:
652:
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631:
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621:
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568:
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541:
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531:
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298:Circothecidae
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291:Metallogenium
288:
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92:
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73:
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65:
61:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
5231:
5198:Qinglongiota
5124:Canglongiota
5013:Nitrospirota
5003:Nitrospinota
4955:"Lernaellia"
4811:Chrysiogenia
4652:"Heilongiia"
4556:Cosmopoliota
4530:Calditrichia
4519:Rhodothermia
4515:"Kryptoniia"
4491:Bacteroidota
4400:Spirochaetia
4344:"Sumerlaeia"
4256:Omnitrophota
4194:"Aerophobia"
4086:Thermotogota
4034:Caldisericia
4009:Synergistota
4003:Atribacteria
3985:Thermotogida
3816:Limnochordia
3810:Bacillota G
3796:Bacillota E
3778:Bacillota D
3760:Bacillota A
3650:"Zipacnadia"
3605:Deinococcota
3587:Chloroflexia
3476:Opisthokonta
3334:
3329:paraphyletic
3224:
3205:
3188:
3187:
3156:Malawimonada
3136:Anaeromonada
3131:Anaeramoebae
3123:
3099:
3076:Tsukubamonas
3074:
2996:
2989:
2980:Charophyceae
2967:
2960:
2953:Streptophyta
2940:
2924:
2904:
2900:Rhodelphidia
2858:Palpitomonas
2856:
2836:
2825:Pancryptista
2770:
2763:
2700:
2667:
2655:
2635:
2605:
2600:Foraminifera
2598:
2441:
2384:
2378:Tunicaraptor
2376:
2343:
2317:Opisthokonta
2253:
2182:Opisthokonta
2041:
2034:
2033:
1955:Orthonectida
1950:Gastrotricha
1925:Nematomorpha
1900:Chaetognatha
1890:Hemichordate
1817:Pteridophyta
1686:Malawimonada
1560:Korarchaeota
1521:Thermotogota
1506:Synergistota
1481:Nitrospirota
1476:Nitrospinota
1421:Deinococcota
1354:Bacteroidota
1259:
1245:
1222:
1216:
1203:
1186:
1180:
1171:
1163:
1151:. Retrieved
1136:
1086:
1082:
1076:
1051:
1047:
1041:
998:
992:
986:
943:
937:
927:
915:. Retrieved
911:the original
902:
892:
880:. Retrieved
876:the original
867:
857:
808:
802:
796:
763:
757:
747:
736:the original
731:
725:
687:. Retrieved
681:
674:
662:. Retrieved
654:
645:
633:. Retrieved
623:
597:. Retrieved
593:
587:
580:
559:
545:
539:Nomen dubium
537:
516:
512:
508:
504:
501:Agenus album
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
472:
468:
466:
456:
450:
446:nomen dubium
444:
439:
437:
427:
425:
415:
399:
396:phylogenetic
394:If a formal
393:
376:
371:Japan Trench
356:
341:
331:
316:
289:
273:
268:Motacillidae
261:
257:
245:
241:
231:
216:
206:
195:
189:
149:problematica
146:
136:
133:
75:
63:
44:
29:
5241:Wikispecies
5236:(2001–2012)
5017:Nitrospiria
5007:Nitrospinia
4985:Myxococcota
4950:Lernaellota
4889:Oligoflexia
4647:Heilongiota
4496:Bacteroidia
4439:"Brocadiia"
4423:Chlamydiota
4354:Spirochaeto
4339:Sumerlaeota
4189:Aerophobota
4023:Thermocalda
4013:Synergistia
3843:"Moorellia"
3765:Clostridiia
3611:Deinococcia
3378:Prokaryotes
3220:Chitinozoan
3146:Parabasalia
2998:Embryophyta
2962:Chlorokybus
2942:Chlorophyta
2890:Glaucophyta
2864:Cryptophyta
2754:Pirsoniales
2721:Bicosoecida
2702:Platysulcus
2675:Perkinsozoa
2657:Apicomplexa
2630:Colponemida
2397:Pluriformea
2266:Archamoebea
2255:Eumycetozoa
2010:Brachiopoda
1985:Cycliophora
1930:Onychophora
1905:Kinorhyncha
1827:Ginkgophyta
1822:Cycadophyta
1787:Chlorophyta
1777:Glaucophyta
1471:Myxococcota
1389:Chlorobiota
1384:Chlamydiota
1189:: 121–149.
1001:: 183–195.
594:JSJ Geology
560:Sui generis
422:Controversy
379:homoplasies
363:crustaceans
321:Lepidoptera
280:prokaryotes
254:Passeroidea
205:The fossil
119:neodiapsids
70:of western
5256:Categories
5098:Holophagia
4997:Polyangiia
4990:Myxococcia
4769:Aquificota
4750:Aquificida
4501:Chlorobiia
4428:Chlamydiia
4369:"Babeliae"
3731:Firmicutes
3665:"Xenobiia"
3301:Rigifilida
3200:Acritarchs
3125:Barthelona
3116:Metamonada
3101:Euglenozoa
2969:Mesostigma
2925:sensu lato
2906:Rhodophyta
2765:Ochrophyta
2726:Placidozoa
2637:Ciliophora
2607:Radiolaria
2524:Haptophyta
2419:Filasterea
2331:Holomycota
2043:Parakaryon
2005:Entoprocta
1940:Arthropoda
1935:Tardigrada
1915:Priapulida
1910:Loricifera
1895:Echinoderm
1865:Ctenophora
1837:Gnetophyta
1792:Charophyta
1782:Rhodophyta
1754:Ascomycota
1749:Zygomycota
1691:Metamonada
1666:Euglenozoa
1651:Ciliophora
1359:Balneolota
1334:Aquificota
1048:Microscopy
1008:1707.03864
882:15 October
620:"Glossary"
599:20 January
573:References
284:eukaryotes
104:varanopids
4902:"Binatia"
4773:Aquificia
4481:FCB group
4413:PVC group
3891:CPR group
3747:Bacillota
3471:Amoebozoa
3449:Alveolata
3437:Cryptista
3412:Eukaryota
3141:Fornicata
3047:Excavates
2849:Cryptista
2772:Oomycetes
2749:Developea
2731:Sagenista
2618:Alveolata
2554:Telonemia
2429:Choanozoa
2306:Breviatea
2249:Tubulinea
2236:Amoebozoa
2177:Amoebozoa
2155:Alveolata
2143:Cryptista
2118:Eukaryota
2088:Eukaryote
1960:Dicyemida
1832:Pinophyta
1711:Telonemia
1646:Cryptista
1636:Breviatea
1621:Amoebozoa
1616:Alveolata
1597:Eukaryote
1349:Bacillota
689:5 January
562:(biology)
477:available
438:The term
412:vertebrae
263:Motacilla
155:taxonomic
108:tetrapods
5230:Source:
4897:Binatota
4364:Babelota
4173:BV2, BV4
3753:Bacillia
3466:Amorphea
3444:Rhizaria
3432:Hacrobia
3422:Excavata
3407:Bacteria
3382:Bacteria
3323:protists
3319:kingdoms
3207:Grypania
3169:Imasidae
3070:Jakobida
2594:Endomyxa
2589:Cercozoa
2581:Rhizaria
2511:Haptista
2443:Animalia
2386:Bicellum
2261:Variosea
2244:Discosea
2222:Amorphea
2172:Amorphea
2150:Rhizaria
2138:Hacrobia
2128:Excavata
2113:Bacteria
2020:Annelida
2015:Mollusca
1995:Phoronid
1990:Nemertea
1965:Rotifera
1945:Flatworm
1920:Nematoda
1885:Chordate
1875:Cnidaria
1870:Placozoa
1701:Rhizaria
1676:Haptista
1656:Cercozoa
1316:Bacteria
1170:"Family
1091:Springer
1068:23024290
1025:29246816
978:26064613
849:39189634
841:17838783
788:11250825
527:See also
369:and the
306:Hyolitha
302:Cambrian
221:Animalia
200:Ericales
183:Examples
86:Anthozoa
82:Hydrozoa
80:, class
77:Cnidaria
5025:SAR324
4281:Clade 2
4181:Clade 1
3900:Elulota
3481:Animals
3402:Archaea
3058:Discoba
2923:Plants
2895:Picozoa
2741:Gyrista
2648:Myzozoa
2501:Provora
2407:Filozoa
2363:Holozoa
2271:Cutosea
2187:Animals
2108:Archaea
2000:Bryozoa
1696:Provora
1671:Jakobea
1661:Discoba
1607:Protist
1544:Archaea
1297:Extant
1182:Zootaxa
1153:28 July
1095:Bibcode
1033:3592799
969:4448822
948:Bibcode
917:12 June
833:1739069
813:Bibcode
804:Science
780:2657112
664:12 June
635:12 June
365:of the
123:Amniota
5190:others
5064:others
3739:Low GC
3519:others
3459:Plants
3396:Domain
3331:groups
2713:Bigyra
2287:Obazoa
2165:Plants
2102:Domain
1860:Sponge
1852:Animal
1144:
1113:
1066:
1031:
1023:
976:
966:
847:
839:
831:
786:
778:
517:Agenus
513:Agenus
505:Agenus
493:Agenus
489:Agenus
473:per se
457:confer
408:fossil
361:about
315:moth (
213:phylum
3486:Fungi
3283:CRuMs
2345:Fungi
2192:Fungi
1769:Plant
1721:Fungi
1641:CRuMs
1213:(PDF)
1177:(PDF)
1029:S2CID
1003:arXiv
845:S2CID
829:JSTOR
776:JSTOR
739:(PDF)
722:(PDF)
509:album
497:album
485:album
338:genus
143:Latin
116:basal
3917:ABY1
3335:bold
2540:TSAR
1807:Moss
1299:life
1187:1599
1155:2013
1142:ISBN
1111:ISBN
1064:PMID
1021:PMID
974:PMID
919:2011
884:2007
837:PMID
784:PMID
691:2013
666:2011
637:2011
601:2021
311:The
282:and
102:The
49:Aves
4742:BV2
3735:BV3
2814:CAM
2570:SAR
1191:doi
1103:doi
1056:doi
1013:doi
999:120
964:PMC
956:doi
821:doi
809:187
768:doi
266:of
5258::
5200:"
5138:"
5126:"
5044:"
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4952:"
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4926:"
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3380::
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732:16
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699:^
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