200:
247:
321:. News of the king's death did not reach the island until March 1899. Subsequently, Sánchez declared the native kingship abolished. According to the accounts of Bienvenido de Estella, Sánchez declared to the islanders, "Ya no hay más rey en la isla. ¡Yo mando!" while Ika responded "No, todavía hay rey: yo lo soy" Sánchez later wrote in 1921, “...desde que se supo la muerte del Rey puse mano firme para terminar con esta dinastía y creo haberlo conseguido porque no se habló más del sucesor de Riro Roco.”
413:
prerogatives of former ariki. Perhaps their only claim to the title lay in their descent-line; both belonged to the Miru group. Possibly if native civilization had continued, they might have been true kings. Personal pretension, supported by
Chilean officers who needed a responsible intermediary to deal with the population, might have contributed toward the restoration of power to this fictitious and ephemeral royalty.
328:. When the news of Riro's death arrived in Easter Island, Prime Minister Ika was considered the natural successor. He was proclaimed king on 8 January 1900. He led an unsuccessful strike against Sánchez and the company. Ika's resistance became ineffective with the increased coercive power of the colonial authority and the company. In the end of March 1900, the schooner
343:
In mid-November 1900, Sánchez was succeeded by
Horacio Cooper White who was more despotic than his predecessor. Chilean shepherd Manuel A. Vega, who had married King Riro's widow Véronique Mahute, led a revolt in 1901. Ika's successor Hereveri led another unsuccessful indigenous rebellion from 1901
412:
Although the islanders of to-day speak of the late kings, Atamu Te Kena and
Riroroko, as if they were really kings, informants make it clear that they had very little in common with the ariki of olden days. Their power was of an indefinite, dubious nature, and they seem to have enjoyed none of the
339:
under the command of
Captain Arturo Wilson Navarrete brought back two Rapa Nui who had accompanied King Riro to the continent three years ago, Tepano and José Pirivato. Pirivato would later become a partisan of Ika and later Angata. The captain intended to deport any disruptors, but Sánchez felt
312:
The Rapa Nui unsuccessfully attempted to reclaim indigenous sovereignty in the absence of direct
Chilean control from 1892 to 1896. However, Chile reasserted its claim, and the island was later leased to Enrique Merlet and his ranching company. Alberto Sánchez Manterola was appointed Merlet's
340:
confident enough to tell the captain that it was not necessary to deport anyone. The Rapa Nui complained about the mistreatment and low salaries with
Captain Wilson through an interpreter (one of the Rapa Nui returning from the continent) although to no satisfactory results.
332:
brought Merlet and a dozen armed guardians to join the force of the company. Merlet. Restoring the so-called "pax merletiana", Merlet burned the Rapa Nui owned plantations to make them dependent on the company's grocery store. In May 1900, Chilean Naval corvette
350:
in an attempt to end indigenous resistance. A decade later, Angata led another unsuccessful rebellion against the ranching company in 1914. Each revolts were crushed when the
Chilean navy arrested the ringleaders of the revolt and exiled them to mainland Chile.
234:
or traditional rulers of Easter Island belonged to. Ika married on 9 March 1879 to Renga
Hopuhopu to Tetono (c. 1857–1942), baptized Anastasia, a woman from the Tupahotu clan. Their daughter was named María ‘Aifiti Engepito Ika Tetono, and she married
278:(advisors) to sign the agreement. However, the treaty of annexation was never ratified by Chile and Toro's colony failed. The Chilean government abandoned the settlement in 1892 due to political troubles on the mainland, which was embroiled in
187:(Easter Island) in 1900 and led a failed rebellion. He was one of the last Rapa Nui to claim the traditional kingship in the early 20th-century. However, he is not remembered as the last king instead his predecessor
309:
and prophet, organized many of the island's women in his support. Riro was allegedly elected primarily because of his good looks and Angata's influence. Ika was appointed as his prime minister.
243:
to Chile in 1898 and later became a cultural informant on Rapa Nui culture. Their other children were
Victoria Veritahi, Magdalena Ukahetu, Margarita Uka, and Hipólito.
899:
Law as a Tool of
Oppression and Liberation: Institutional Histories and Perspectives on Political Independence in Hawaiʻi, Tahiti Nui/French Polynesia and Rapa Nui
897:
324:
Riro Kāinga has been generally referred to as the last king of Easter Island. However, two other candidates for the kingship existed after him including Ika and
960:
313:
representative and also appointed Chile's maritime sub-delegate. They restricted the islanders' access to most of their land except a walled-off settlement at
317:, which they were not allowed to leave without permission. The young king attempted to protest the company's abuse but died under suspicious circumstances at
354:
The kingship remained vacant for a century after Ika and Hereveri. An independence movement has continued on the island. In 2011, Riro Kāinga's grandson,
782:
199:
668:
1063:
1031:
878:
1174:
821:
751:
335:
1184:
1042:
922:
840:
983:
1169:
1151:
325:
55:
279:
405:
held the title of king, their power and legitimacy in comparison with their predecessors are doubted. Historian
367:
289:
and Ika were candidates for the throne. Although both were of the Miru clan, Ika was more closely related to
355:
246:
222:. His parents were Hua ‘Anakena a Hatu’i and Mata a Puhirangi. Oral tradition stated that Ika received the
1132:
386:
290:
180:
27:
1179:
774:
660:
1055:
Among Stone Giants: The Life of Katherine Routledge and Her Remarkable Expedition to Easter Island
1010:
808:
203:
Juan Tepano, his wife María ‘Aifiti Engepito Ika Tetono (Enrique Ika's daughter), and their son
1069:
1059:
1018:
975:
947:
914:
884:
874:
855:
827:
817:
406:
255:
251:
99:
906:
743:
1125:
398:
286:
271:
240:
188:
154:
45:
1163:
810:
La Compañia Explotadora de Isla de Pascua Patrimonio, Memoria e identidad en Rapa Nui
318:
219:
184:
402:
394:
298:
263:
1089:
1053:
941:
868:
236:
1022:
831:
223:
1073:
979:
951:
918:
888:
859:
1111:
314:
306:
191:
is generally regarded as the last king, although neither held much power.
1136:
1014:
961:"Riro Rapu and Rapanui: Refoundations in Easter Island Colonial History"
442:
440:
910:
346:
344:
to 1902. In 1902, Chile appointed Ika's son-in-law Juan Tepano Rano as
215:
76:
870:
Island at the End of the World: The Turbulent History of Easter Island
775:"A Quest for Independence: Who Will Rule Easter Island's Stone Heads?"
302:
1033:
Los últimos 'Ariki Mau y la evolución del poder político en Rapa Nui
267:
245:
198:
175:
282:, and this prompted the Rapa Nui to reassert their independence.
642:
640:
555:
553:
551:
258:
translation on the left and Spanish translation on the right
1001:
Métraux, Alfred (June 1937). "The Kings of Easter Island".
974:(3). Los Ocos, CA: The Easter Island Foundation: 112–122.
854:(1). Los Ocos, CA: The Easter Island Foundation: 24–30.
230:
or nobleman, he was a member of the Miru clan which the
1044:
Rebelión, Sumisión y Mediación en Rapa Nui (1896–1915)
905:(MA thesis). Honolulu: University of Hawaii at Manoa.
150:
142:
134:
120:
98:
90:
82:
65:
61:
51:
41:
33:
26:
21:
1009:(2). Wellington: The Polynesian Society: 41–62.
807:Cristino, Claudio; Fuentes, Miguel (May 2011).
717:
410:
250:The 1888 Rapa Nui-Chile annexation treaty with
239:Rano, a Tupahotu clansman who accompanied King
8:
709:
1107:
303:Maria Angata Veri Tahi 'a Pengo Hare Kohou
226:of Tuʻu Hati from an uncle. Considered an
18:
646:
631:
619:
607:
559:
542:
506:
470:
458:
841:"Colonialism and Resistance in Rapa Nui"
729:
701:
595:
571:
494:
896:Gonschor, Lorenz Rudolf (August 2008).
713:
705:
689:
659:Simonetti, Marcelo (12 November 2011).
583:
530:
446:
436:
418:
379:
742:Simonetti, Marcelo (16 October 2011).
671:from the original on 15 September 2017
518:
274:) on 9 September 1888. Ika was one of
117:
1003:The Journal of the Polynesian Society
754:from the original on 11 November 2016
482:
358:, declared himself king of Rapa Nui.
266:of Easter Island ceded the island to
7:
720:, pp. 68–69, 71, 81–83, 140–142
661:"El último Rey de la Isla de Pascua"
1030:Pakarati, Cristián Moreno (2015) .
1091:Los misterios de la Isla de Pascua
1041:Pakarati, Cristián Moreno (2015).
816:. Rapa Nui: Ediciones Escaparate.
785:from the original on 27 March 2017
301:in 1867. However, Kāinga's cousin
297:, who died during an outbreak of
94:Anastasia Renga Hopuhopu to Tetono
14:
207:Enrique Ika a Tuʻu Hati was born
104:María ‘Aifiti Engepito Ika Tetono
959:McCall, Grant (September 1997).
285:After the 1892 death of Tekena,
1094:. Santiago: Imprenta Cervantes.
1088:Estella, Bienvenido de (1920).
946:. Santiago: Editorial Emisión.
773:Nelsen, Aaron (30 March 2012).
449:, pp. 91–92, 99, 101, 147.
393:, died during an outbreak of
1:
208:
166:
69:
1052:Van Tilburg, JoAnne (2003).
732:, pp. 126–132, 185–193.
665:Enlace Mapuche Internacional
867:Fischer, Steven R. (2005).
718:Cristino & Fuentes 2011
1201:
1099:Vives Solar, J.I. (1920).
873:. London: Reaktion Books.
839:Delsing, Riet (May 2004).
497:, pp. 66–70, 286–287.
172:– after 1900) was elected
1143:
1130:
1117:
1110:
1101:El último rey de Rapa-Nui
708:, pp. 155, 166–172;
485:, pp. 153, 215, 221.
218:on the northern coast of
125:
116:
1175:History of Easter Island
368:History of Easter Island
270:(represented by Captain
28:Titular King of Rapa Nui
16:Titular King of Rapa Nui
1185:Roman Catholic monarchs
943:Te Mau hatu ʻo Rapa Nui
940:Hotus, Alberto (1988).
692:, p. 147, 154–155.
356:Valentino Riroroko Tuki
163:Enrique Ika a Tuʻu Hati
126:Enrique Ika a Tuʻu Hati
1103:. Revista Sucesos 932.
1058:. New York: Scribner.
744:"Los dominios del rey"
424:
389:, the last undisputed
293:, the last undisputed
259:
204:
262:The penultimate King
249:
202:
138:Hua ‘Anakena a Hatu’i
1152:Moisés Tuʻu Hereveri
712:, pp. 148–163;
473:, pp. 9–10, 16.
401:and his predecessor
387:Kerekorio Manu Rangi
326:Moisés Tuʻu Hereveri
291:Kerekorio Manu Rangi
56:Moisés Tuʻu Hereveri
586:, pp. 152–154.
521:, pp. 115–116.
1148:Title next held by
1126:Siméon Riro Kāinga
1122:Title last held by
1112:Titles in pretence
716:, pp. 26–28;
704:, pp. 66–70;
545:, pp. 10, 14.
397:in 1867. Although
287:Siméon Riro Kāinga
260:
241:Siméon Riro Kāinga
205:
46:Siméon Riro Kāinga
1170:Rapa Nui monarchs
1158:
1157:
1065:978-0-7432-4480-0
880:978-1-86189-245-4
781:. New York City.
649:, pp. 13–16.
574:, pp. 66–70.
160:
159:
155:Roman Catholicism
130:
129:
108:Magdalena Ukahetu
106:Victoria Veritahi
1192:
1108:
1104:
1095:
1077:
1048:
1037:
1026:
997:
995:
994:
988:
982:. Archived from
968:Rapa Nui Journal
965:
955:
936:
934:
933:
927:
921:. Archived from
904:
892:
863:
848:Rapa Nui Journal
845:
835:
815:
795:
794:
792:
790:
770:
764:
763:
761:
759:
739:
733:
727:
721:
710:Van Tilburg 2003
699:
693:
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681:
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644:
635:
629:
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605:
599:
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581:
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569:
563:
562:, pp. 3–14.
557:
546:
540:
534:
528:
522:
516:
510:
509:, pp. 8–10.
504:
498:
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486:
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474:
468:
462:
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450:
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425:
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384:
213:
210:
171:
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146:Mata a Puhirangi
118:
74:
71:
19:
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1082:Further reading
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658:
657:
653:
645:
638:
630:
626:
618:
614:
610:, pp. 3–4.
606:
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461:, pp. 4–5.
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799:
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734:
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694:
682:
651:
647:Pakarati 2015a
636:
632:Pakarati 2015b
624:
620:Pakarati 2015a
612:
608:Pakarati 2015b
600:
588:
576:
564:
560:Pakarati 2015b
547:
543:Pakarati 2015a
535:
533:, p. 147.
523:
511:
507:Pakarati 2015a
499:
487:
475:
471:Pakarati 2015a
463:
459:Pakarati 2015a
451:
435:
433:
430:
427:
426:
415:
407:Alfred Métraux
378:
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272:Policarpo Toro
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989:on 2014-09-23
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
962:
957:
953:
949:
945:
944:
938:
928:on 2020-01-02
924:
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871:
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823:9789567827992
819:
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800:
784:
780:
776:
769:
766:
753:
749:
745:
738:
735:
731:
730:Gonschor 2008
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723:
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707:
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702:Gonschor 2008
698:
695:
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686:
683:
670:
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662:
655:
652:
648:
643:
641:
637:
633:
628:
625:
622:, p. 14.
621:
616:
613:
609:
604:
601:
598:, p. 69.
597:
596:Gonschor 2008
592:
589:
585:
580:
577:
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572:Gonschor 2008
568:
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561:
556:
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495:Gonschor 2008
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327:
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305:, a Catholic
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277:
273:
269:
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257:
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220:Easter Island
217:
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182:
178:
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164:
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119:
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110:Margarita Uka
103:
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68:
64:
60:
57:
54:
50:
47:
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32:
29:
25:
20:
1180:1850s births
1150:
1144:
1131:
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1118:
1100:
1090:
1054:
1043:
1032:
1006:
1002:
991:. Retrieved
984:the original
971:
967:
942:
930:. Retrieved
923:the original
898:
869:
851:
847:
809:
801:Bibliography
787:. Retrieved
778:
768:
756:. Retrieved
750:. Santiago.
747:
737:
725:
714:Delsing 2004
706:Fischer 2005
697:
690:Fischer 2005
685:
673:. Retrieved
664:
654:
634:, p. 4.
627:
615:
603:
591:
584:Fischer 2005
579:
567:
538:
531:Fischer 2005
526:
514:
502:
490:
478:
466:
454:
447:Fischer 2005
421:, p. 42
419:Métraux 1937
411:
403:Atamu Tekena
395:tuberculosis
390:
382:
353:
345:
342:
334:
329:
323:
311:
299:tuberculosis
294:
284:
275:
264:Atamu Tekena
261:
231:
227:
206:
173:
162:
161:
911:10125/20375
519:McCall 1997
399:Riro Kāinga
330:Maria Luisa
237:Juan Tepano
212: 1859
189:Riro Kāinga
170: 1859
73: 1859
42:Predecessor
22:Enrique Ika
1164:Categories
1023:6015249623
993:2020-01-01
932:2020-01-01
832:1080351219
748:La Tercera
483:Hotus 1988
432:References
391:‘ariki mau
319:Valparaíso
295:‘ariki mau
232:‘ariki mau
228:ariki paka
224:patronymic
86:after 1900
1074:253375820
980:197901224
952:123102513
919:798846333
889:254147531
860:930607850
336:Baquedano
315:Hanga Roa
307:catechist
280:civil war
195:Biography
52:Successor
1137:Rapa Nui
1015:20702667
789:26 March
783:Archived
758:26 March
752:Archived
675:26 March
669:Archived
416:—
409:wrote,
362:See also
256:Rapa Nui
252:Tahitian
185:Rapa Nui
151:Religion
112:Hipólito
347:cacique
276:to'opae
216:Anakena
77:Anakena
1145:Vacant
1119:Vacant
1072:
1062:
1021:
1013:
978:
950:
917:
887:
877:
858:
830:
820:
143:Mother
135:Father
91:Spouse
1141:1900
1011:JSTOR
987:(PDF)
964:(PDF)
926:(PDF)
903:(PDF)
844:(PDF)
814:(PDF)
374:Notes
268:Chile
214:, at
183:) of
176:ariki
121:Names
100:Issue
34:Reign
1133:King
1070:OCLC
1060:ISBN
1019:OCLC
976:OCLC
948:OCLC
915:OCLC
885:OCLC
875:ISBN
856:OCLC
828:OCLC
818:ISBN
791:2017
779:Time
760:2017
677:2017
254:and
181:king
83:Died
66:Born
37:1900
1135:of
907:hdl
1166::
1068:.
1017:.
1007:46
1005:.
972:11
970:.
966:.
913:.
883:.
852:18
850:.
846:.
826:.
777:.
746:.
667:.
663:.
639:^
550:^
439:^
209:c.
167:c.
70:c.
1076:.
1047:.
1036:.
1025:.
996:.
954:.
935:.
909::
891:.
862:.
834:.
793:.
762:.
679:.
179:(
174:‘
165:(
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