305:, who was the cacique of the neighboring Maguana kingdom. A minority of historians, however, claim that Guarocuya was captured and hanged, while Enriquillo succeeded in his revolt. Most historians believe both rebels were the same person, arguing that the tales of Guarocuya's demise are identical to the more verifiable accounts of the capture and execution of his aunt Anacaona. It is also well documented that the character of Enriquillo was married to Mencía, the mestiza granddaughter of Anacaona.
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281:, and lived in the town of Boya, now known as Sabana Grande de Boya, where he died. The tomb of the Liberator became a place of pilgrimage by the natives and for this reason the Spaniards decided to build the church of Agua Santa in the community of Boya in the Province of Monte Plata over his tomb, to dislocate the true place of the sanctuary of such a leader. It is also stated that the Cacique died around 1536 of about 40 years of age.
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225:. De las Casas was a Spanish Roman Catholic Priest focused on the rights of Native Americans. Enriquillo owned a steed and could read and write Castilian. He was aware of his privileges or rights as a subject of the colony and was still recognized as a chief or nitaíno by the other indigenous people. For this reason, he served as a foreman for the encomendero.
270:. A true military leader, a great captain, capable of facing and defeating the representatives of the most powerful nation in the world at that time. Their resistance forced the King of Spain to commission Francisco de Barrionuevo to put an end, by means of negotiation or force, to the long conflict that unsettled the colony.
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Enriquillo also had a wife, called Mencía, later with the noble title Doña due to
Enriquillo's high standing and relations with the Spaniards. She was raped by a Spaniard named Valenzuela. When Enriquillo tried to take the issue to the Spanish courts, nothing could be done, since it was Doña Mencia's
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while attending supposed "peace talks" with the
Spanish in Jaragua. During the talks, Spanish soldiers ambushed the chieftains, also known as caciques, set the meeting house on fire, and then proceeded to kill anyone who fled the flames (causing his father's death). Enriquillo, an orphan, was later
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did not last more than a few days. The Taínos were forced into terrible conditions as laborers in gold mining operations, badly housed in the mountains, poorly fed, extremely overworked, and forced to live in close quarters with the
Spaniards. Additionally, due to taking men away from the villages,
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Enrique del
Bahoruco, as he was originally known, received Barrionuevo, in his first interview, bearing a letter from Carlos and, on Cabritos Island. Those agreements were never fully executed; the Cacique assumed a peaceful attitude from that moment on. He never came down from the mountains and
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Thirteen years of insurrection of the
Bahoruco chieftain cost the Spanish monarchy more than 40,000 gold pesos. Assaults, fires, raids, death of Spaniards and a dangerous example for the slaves, who by the end of the 1520s numbered thousands in the southern part of the island, dedicated to the
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the cycle of food production was disrupted, causing widespread malnutrition. This malnutrition further aided the Taínos' vulnerability to deadly new types of diseases introduced by the foreigners. After
Columbus tortured and killed many in his quest for gold, he turned to slavery and
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production of sugar cane. His style of fighting and the method that he applied of irregular warfare and his cunning, patience and prudence; the efficient information and supply service that he organized in the region, in the high mountains of the Sierra, made him feared by the
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Several revolts followed in the first half of the 16th century; the most famous began in 1519. Enriquillo, one of the few remaining caciques, or indigenous chiefs, started the revolt with a large number of Taínos from the
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Most historians agree (see Sued
Badillo and others) that Enriquillo was the same person as the cacique Guarocuya which would mean that Enriquillo belonged to the highest house of the Jaragua
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who rebelled against the
Spaniards between 1519 and 1533. Enriquillo's rebellion is the best known rebellion of the early Caribbean period. He was born on the shores of Lake Jaragua (today
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although there is talk of a visit to Santo
Domingo accompanied by his wife, nothing confirms that fact. By the success of his negotiations, he became the “Liberator of the Quisqueyanos”.
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His name, Enriquillo, would come after his baptism as a
Catholic. The name Enriquillo, "little Enrique," was probably due to his age at the time of the baptism.
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word against the Spaniard's word. This, according to some writers, was the tipping point for Enriquillo which led to his revolt in the Bahoruco mountains.
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186:), around 1500. He was a part of the Taíno people, who had an advanced government, cultural traditions, and agricultural practices.
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de Las Casas, Bartolomé (1876) . "ch. 125-127". In de la Fuensanta del Valle, El Marques; Sancho Rayon, D. Jose (eds.).
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were not able to control the rebellion, a treaty was signed granting to the Native population among others the right of
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was Queen of Jaragua, and his father Magiocatex was the crown prince. He is considered a hero in the modern day
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250:. The Tainos were able to continue the rebellion because of their better knowledge of the region. As the
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Martinez, Miguel Alfonso; Lockhart, Felix (31 December 1998). "Canada First Nations Back Taino Treaty".
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Native American Almanac: More Than 50,000 Years of the Cultures and Histories of Indigenous Peoples
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604:"Rebellion and Anti-colonial Struggle in Hispaniola: From Indigenous Agitators to African Rebels"
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Altman, Ida (2007). "The Revolt of Enriquillo and the Historiography of Early Spanish America".
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Altman, Ida (2007). "The Revolt of Enriquillo and the Historiography of Early Spanish America".
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According to sources, the chief Enriquillo settled in the area that is today the province of
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Dennis, Yvonne Wakim; Hirschfelder, Arlene; Flynn, Shannon Rothenberger (2016). "Caquetio".
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and his eventual successor once Bohechío was killed. Anacaona was married to
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Wilson, Samuel M. (1997). "Surviving European conquest in the Caribbean".
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688:"Descubren nueva especie y género de lagarto en Parque Nacional Jaragua"
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Uriona, Viviana (2009). "Enriquillo and the Taíno revolt (1519-1533)".
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for his resistance in favor of the indigenous peoples. Dominican friar
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General History of the Caribbean Volume I: Autochthonous Societies
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Statue of Enriquillo in Independencia province, Dominican Republic
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Taíno cacique who rebelled against the Spaniards from 1519 to 1533
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monastery and given the name of "Enrico". One of his mentors was
158:) and was part of the royal family of Jaragua. Enriquillo's aunt
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664:"Lago Enriquillo and Isla Cabritos - Dominican Republic Lake"
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and the indigenous Taíno of the large island Columbus called
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Enriquillo was born on the shores of Lake Jaragua (currently
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For the town in Barahona province, Dominican Republic, see
469:. Vol. 3. Frondo de Cultura Económica. p. 260.
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The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest
328:, where he is said to have camped during the rebellion.
212:, and eighty other regional chieftains were killed by
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16th-century people from the Colony of Santo Domingo
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
390:Population history of American indigenous peoples
241:Statue of Enriquillo, Museum of the Dominican Man
833:Indigenous rebellions against the Spanish Empire
324:was named after him. Looking out over it is the
818:16th-century indigenous leaders of the Americas
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23:. For the lake in Dominican Republic, see
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
828:16th century in the Spanish West Indies
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813:16th-century monarchs in North America
205:as a way to profit from his voyages.
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769:Reis-handboek Dominicaanse Republiek
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385:Taíno opposition against the Spanish
58:adding citations to reliable sources
782:Jaragua-Bahoruca-Enriquillo Reserve
297:, sister to the cacique of Jaragua
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380:History of the Dominican Republic
561:10.1002/9781405198073.wbierp0515
530:Revista de Arqueología Americana
465:de Las Casas, Bartolomé (1965).
338:Asociación de Scouts Dominicanos
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45:needs additional citations for
787:Guarocuya at Rincón Dominicano
694:(in Spanish). 29 December 2022
611:Journal of Pan African Studies
487:. Vol. 5. Miguel Hinesta.
340:was formerly named after him.
293:. Guarocuya was the nephew of
208:Enriquillo's father, his aunt
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771:(Dutch language, Elmar, 1991)
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143:(1498-1535), best known as
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248:mountain range of Bahoruco
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602:Ozuna, Ana (1 May 2018).
585:"Bartolomé de Las Casas"
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502:. Visible Ink Press.
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750:Project MUSE
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673:2019-02-27
623:A545067729
396:References
375:Hispaniola
354:Guarocuyus
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295:Anacaona
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147:, was a
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