Knowledge (XXG)

Erwin Böhme

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His aircraft seemed to flutter, then slid out of sight below my starboard wing. I was pretty sure I had hit his petrol tank....Leycester (Pattern's observer)...was still blazing away...using tracer....When I caught sight of the Albatros again, it was burning like a torch....I saw the German pilot looking down over the side of the cockpit. Then the smoke and flames enveloped him.
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Boelcke's death affected many more people than his friends and subordinates. As the leading ace of the war, he was a national hero, lionized by generals and nobility as well as the public. His death shocked both the German public and military. His death was so consequential that two generals spoke at
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On 20 May 1916, Böhme arranged leave time to visit the director of the Hubertus Mills. Director Heinrich Brüning and his wife were celebrating their 25th wedding anniversary when an airplane landed in a nearby meadow. Erwin and Martin Böhme had been dropped off to offer their congratulations and join
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My sudden turn had done the trick. The Albatros overshot and appeared right in front of me. Because of the relative motion of our two aircraft, he seemed to hang motionless, suspended in midair. I could see the pilot's face as he looked back at me. I sent a two-second burst of Vickers fire into him.
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I recently came across a Nieuport single-seater at the front, in which our friend was sitting. Naturally, I invited him to pay us a visit. ...I became somewhat more urgent in my efforts to compel him to descend. Yet as he waved at me 'with his hands', I did not want to do anything to him. He then
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A distraught Erwin Böhme returned to base and wrecked his airplane while landing with a damaged undercarriage. Even though he could not recall his own accident, he wrote a lengthy and vivid account of Boelcke's death to Annamarie. Though no one blamed Böhme for Boelcke's death, the feeling he was
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the festivities. Among the other guests was Herr Brüning's eldest daughter, Annamarie. The attraction between herself and the ace was immediate. By the time the Böhme brothers departed via airplane the following day, Annamarie Brüning had agreed to regularly correspond with Erwin Böhme.
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to export raw cedar timber to the Hubertus Mill in Germany. In July 1914, as his contract ended, Böhme sailed to Europe for an alpine holiday. He disembarked into World War I. Despite being 35 years old, he immediately returned to his old infantry unit, then trained as a pilot.
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on 14 July 1917. He had no further victories before being wounded in the hand on 10 August. The injury was minor but disabling; a grazing bullet cut the tendon to his trigger finger. Though unable to fly, Böhme remained in command. Eight days later, he was posted back to
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In July 1914, Böhme returned to Germany, intent on an alpine holiday. However, upon landing in the midst of war breaking out, he reported to his old infantry regiment, despite turning 35 at month's end. Erwin Böhme promptly volunteered for aviation duty.
274:. Böhme was inadvertently responsible for Boelcke's death on 28 October 1916 when their planes collided. Although haunted by guilt, Böhme carried on, becoming a 24 victory ace (and a squadron leader). He also found heart for courtship via correspondence. 28: 430:
Though Böhme was the oldest student in training, he passed flight school at the top of his class in December 1914. His expertise got him a posting to instructor duty for nearly a year. During 1915, Böhme's brother Rudolf was killed in Russia.
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During the first half of October, Böhme shot down four more British opponents. Then, on the 16th, his 20th victory was an unusual one. Flying in company with four of his pilots, they surrounded a Nieuport. As Böhme wrote to Annamarie:
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I find myself in a field hospital because of a malevolent Englishman who by all rights should no longer be alive, who treacherously shot me in the left arm. ...I spared him in a burst of sportsmanlike grace—that's what I get for my
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Finally released as healed on 8 April, Böhme was assigned to instructor duty until 2 July 1917. He then became the last link in a chain of promotions. First, on 25 June, Richthofen was promoted from squadron command of
580:(Fighter Squadron 2), with a free hand to choose his pilots for the new unit. After the brothers conferred, Oswald Boelcke followed Wilhelm's recommendations. The first pilot recruited from Wilhelm's unit for the new 365:
While in Switzerland, Böhme read the letters of a Swiss explorer in Africa and corresponded with him. Undeterred by the explorer's death in March 1908, Böhme found a German emigration society to sponsor his move to
852:, Böhme transferred out the inept, imported talented replacements, and educated the undertrained. When the squadron did move into Flanders, it began to avoid direct attacks by flying end runs over the 1042:
In 1921, Böhme's purloined final letter to Annamarie was returned to her. In 1930, Erwin Böhme's letters to her, which she had saved, were published by Professor Johannes Werner in a book entitled,
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Confirmed victories in the list are numbered and listed chronologically. This is a complete listing of all known victories. When casualties for air crews are reported, they are listed pilot first,
2806: 2831: 860:, who was Böhme's successor, claimed Böhme was responsible for the squadron's combat performance steadily improving throughout his own tenure from Böhme's death until the Armistice. 460:, Böhme submitted three combat claims for aerial victories; one claim for 2 August 1915 was reportedly confirmed, though it does not show as accredited on his official victory list. 382:. He took ship for Africa there. Once in East Africa, he entered into a six-year contract as an engineer for a German-owned timber plantation. He supervised the construction of the 1019:
by British soldiers. Annamarie's letter was removed from his body as a keepsake before the British buried him with full military honors in the cemetery at Keerslaarhoek, Belgium.
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flown by John Arthur Pattern. Böhme swooped down to about 30 yards (25 meters) range behind the F.K.8. Alerted by his observer's machine gun fire, Pattern yanked the F.K.8 into a
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Böhme went on leave from 9 January 1917 to 3 February 1917. The day after he returned, he shot down two British planes. For one of his two victims, Böhme shot down another ace,
311:. He was one of six children – a daughter and five sons. His brothers were named Gerhard, Erich, Martin, and Rudolf, and the latter two would die in action during World War I. 962:; nevertheless, Böhme was anticipating holiday leave with Annamarie. On the morning of 29 November, Böhme jotted his last note in the prolific correspondence with Annamarie: 322:; he became the only foreign member of the Swiss Mountain Climber and Skier Guild. His prowess as a swimmer was demonstrated when he won a three-kilometer (1.9 Mile) race in 651:
The following day, as Boelcke flew his sixth combat patrol, he was accompanied by Böhme, Richthofen, and three other pilots. The German sextet attacked a pair of British
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to score his first victory for the new squadron. Even as Boelcke scored his final run of 21 aerial victories during September and October 1916, Böhme, flying as his
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skimmed Boelcke's top wing. As the speed of the aircraft tore the covering from the wing spars, Boelcke spiraled to his death while Böhme looked on helplessly.
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flown by highly decorated E. M. Roberts, who crashed within Allied territory. Victim number eight fell the day after Christmas; this "kill" was future ace
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began, Böhme was convalescing. German fighter pilots would shoot down 275 British airplanes during April 1917, inflicting 421 casualties on the British.
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The prestigious squadron no longer had the array of aces that had flown for Boelcke. Faced with the prospect of leading his new command into battle in
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to visit Annamarie. He proposed marriage to her, and she agreed despite her father's reservations. It was the last time they would see one another.
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to momentarily hide the two from one another. The two planes touched while in the blind spot. The collision appeared minor, but was fatal. Böhme's
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the next day, and another two days after that to run his victory total to 15. Then, on 23 September, Böhme suffered the loss of another friend,
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Meanwhile, in the official mail on Böhme's desk that awaited his return from flying his last mission was the packet that contained his actual
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William Harrison was fished from his plane's wreckage, and joined Böhme for coffee in his squadron's mess before being removed to prison.
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On the return flight to his base on 31 October, Böhme coincidentally joined a patrol from his squadron. Flying with them, he shot down a
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for his squadron. He also managed to visit Annamarie for the first time in a year. Returning to duty on the 18th, he shot down a British
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On Böhme's second sortie of the day, he shot down an enemy fighter for his 24th and final accredited victory. After that, he spotted an
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on 28 July 1879. Both studious and athletic, he became a champion swimmer, proficient ice skater, and expert skier, as well as an
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was a surrender. Later that month, on 28 October, he attended the first anniversary memorial for his friend Oswald Boelcke in
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Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps, 1914–1918
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Under the Guns of the Kaiser's Aces: Böhme, Müller, Von Tutschek, Wolff: the Complete Record of Their Victories and Victims
353:(Guards Infantry Regiment) in 1899. Then the restless youth moved to Switzerland for a three year sojourn climbing in the 1162: 868: 1734: 1553: 1473: 1391: 1336: 1289: 1138: 771: 2738:
Briefe eines deutschen Kampffliegers an ein junges Mädchen, (Letters From a German Fighter Pilot to a Young Maiden)
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for the quiet of his own bedroom. Böhme joined him there. The two men talked deep into the night, until Boelcke's
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after an extended fight. Eight days later, while Oswald Boelcke was on an official visit to his elder brother at
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In late November 1915, prompted by his request for a transfer, Erwin Böhme was posted to a tactical bomber unit,
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He became interested in Africa. Walking solo, he crossed the Alps southward to Italy; there he took ship for
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With no time to post it, he then tucked the letter into his flying garb, and took off on patrol.
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On 2 August 1916, Böhme scored his first accredited aerial victory, killing Franco-Latvian ace
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bearing combat damage. Later in March, Böhme continued his aerial combat career by engaging
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Crashed and wrecked; observed by German ground troops to be just within the British lines
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on 8 September 1916, after a month in transit. Nine days later, he used his newly issued
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is already waiting for me. This evening I will write a proper letter to you. Your Erwin
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On the evening of 27 October 1916, a war-weary Boelcke fled the clamor of the squadron
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After serving in a bomber unit, he was transferred to Germany's first fighter squadron
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Böhme shot down two more British planes in November for victories six and seven; an
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responsible for killing his best friend would haunt him for the rest of his life.
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Two more victims fell in November, on the 6th and the 20th. Böhme's award of the
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presided. In the wake of this public tumult, Erwin Böhme returned to duty.
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Captain Robert Nicholas Fenwick Mills KIA; Lt. William Angus Browne KIA
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And so it was that the 20th aerial victory that qualified Böhme for the
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On 10 September 1917, a still grounded Böhme traveled back to Berlin to
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Böhme scored his 13th aerial success leading his new command, downing a
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Erwin Böhme was killed in action on 29 November 1917, a month after his
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Böhme scored all of his 24 official aerial victories while flying with
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fighters. With Böhme as his wingman, Boelcke chased one of the British
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Böhme was a multi-talented athlete from his youth. He was a proficient
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Oswald Boelcke: Germany's First Fighter Ace and Father of Air Combat
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2nd Lt. Norman Rausch de Pomeroy KIA; 2nd Lt. William Black WIA/POW
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and an expert skier. Another sport he excelled in as he matured was
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degree, he moved to Switzerland for three years of mountaineering.
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2nd Lt. Henry Little Devlin KIA; 2nd Lt. Frederick Adam Wright KIA
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Frederick James Shaw KIA; 2nd Lt. George William Bathurst Bradford
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2nd Lt. Oliver John Wade KIA; 2nd Lt. William Johnson Thuell KIA
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next. Abbreviations in sources were expanded by creating editor.
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The Red Baron Combat Wing: Jagdgeschwader Richthofen in Battle
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Lt. Elmer Peter Roberts WIA; Captain Graham Lauder Watson WIA
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Lt. Charles Gerschell Shaumer unhurt; Lt. L. Hardinge unhurt
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My love. Now just a quick affectionate morning greeting! The
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Böhme's charred body was retrieved from the wreckage of his
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brothers Wilhelm, Erich, Gerhard, Rudolf (KIA), Martin (KIA)
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shifted theaters in June 1916, transferring from France to
217:(29 July 1879 – 29 November 1917) was a German World War I 1044:
Briefe eines deutschen Kampffliegers an ein junges Mädchen
287:. In 1930, his edited collected letters were published as 370:. Hiking solo, Böhme left Berne, climbed up and over the 1060:
Aerial victory standards of World War I § Germany
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and launching unexpected attacks upon the enemy rear.
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Aerial victory standards of World War I § Germany
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Bloody April: Slaughter in the skies over Arras, 1917
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Letters From a German Fighter Pilot to a Young Maiden
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Letters From a German Fighter Pilot to a Young Maiden
1097: 204: 183: 155: 118: 106: 98: 81: 71: 53: 40: 18: 584:was Erwin Böhme; the second was his squadronmate, 221:credited with 24 aerial victories. He was born in 2837:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (military class) 2120: 1988: 1908: 491:(Aeronautical Service). By May 1916, he had been 2762:Jasta Boelcke: The History of Jasta 2, 1916–1918 1514:2nd Lt. Arthur Vincent Howard Gompertz survived 1072:except the first and thirteenth, won while with 780:most momentous month of aerial combat of the war 240:. From 1908 to 1914, Böhme completed a six-year 2807:German military personnel killed in World War I 2715:Jagdstaffel 2 'Boelcke': Von Richhofen's Mentor 1714:Nieuport 17 s/n B3578 from No. 29 Squadron RFC 444:. The unit was one of the squadrons comprising 2832:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class 2764:(2004). Philadelphia USA|Casemate Publishing. 1616:Captain Donald Dacre Walrond-Skinner WIA/POW; 1450:Airco DH.2 s/n A2536 from No. 32 Squadron RFC 1439:2nd Lt. Ethelbert Godwin Stockwell Wagner KIA 1717:Surrendered; landed on Böhme's home airfield 766:Ribbon of the Hohenzollern Order with Swords. 8: 2576: 2564: 2552: 2540: 2528: 2516: 2504: 2492: 2480: 2468: 2456: 2444: 2432: 2420: 2408: 2396: 2384: 2372: 2360: 2348: 2336: 2324: 2312: 2300: 2288: 2264: 2237: 2210: 2195: 2180: 2168: 2156: 2144: 2132: 2108: 2084: 2060: 2048: 2024: 2012: 1952: 1879: 1082: 1074: 1066: 837: 572: 496: 484: 446: 435: 347: 171: 160: 143: 132: 123: 87: 2596:; Bailey, Frank W.; Guest, Russell (1993). 1579:Royal Aircraft Factory RE.8 s/n A3617 from 648:hinted at bedtime to end the conversation. 888:who was killed battling eight British aces 26: 15: 2679:. Shrewsbury UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd. 1006:. As Pattern later described the action: 632:, shot down four more British airplanes. 341:, graduating from a technical college in 299:Erwin Böhme was born on 29 July 1879 in 2249: 1976: 1869: 1850: 719:, who actually escaped though wounded. 2276: 1931: 1212:Oswald Nixon KIA; 2nd Lt. Ronald Wood 570:. Oswald Boelcke was given command of 337:Böhme was studious; he qualified as a 2660:. London UK: Grub Street Publishing. 2641:. London UK: Orion Publishing Group. 2622:. London UK: Grub Street Publishing. 1857:Emphasis in the original, per source. 1723:2nd Lt. Frederick John Ortweiler POW 1703:2nd Lt. Henry Douglas MacPherson KIA 1677:2nd Lt. Frederick William Gibbes KIA 1354:2nd Lt. Herbert Farmer Evans WIA/POW 1314:Sopwith 1 1/2 Strutter s/n 7786 from 998:photo reconnaissance two-seater from 770:On 12 March 1917, Böhme received the 333:A 2006 view of Holzminden's old town. 252:where he oversaw construction of the 7: 2842:Military personnel from Lower Saxony 2222: 2096: 2072: 2036: 2000: 1964: 1777:2nd Lt. William L. Harrison WIA/POW 1505:Airco DH.2 from No. 32 Squadron RFC 1143:Another two claims filed while with 917:. The following day, he diverted to 810:. Lastly, Böhme was promoted to the 2698:. New York: Arms and Armour Press. 1528:s/n A6783 from No. 40 Squadron RFC 2827:People from the Duchy of Brunswick 2802:Aviators killed by being shot down 689:Rupprecht, Crown Prince of Bavaria 193:Knight's Cross with Swords of the 14: 2121:Franks, Bailey & Guest (1993) 1989:Franks, Bailey & Guest (1993) 1909:Franks, Bailey & Guest (1993) 195:Royal House Order of Hohenzollern 1648:2nd Lt. Gerald Benson Wigle WIA 1576:21 September 1917 @ 08:52 hours 1550:19 September 1917 @ 10:47 hours 1228:23 September 1916 @ 09:55 hours 1187:17 September 1916 @ 07:45 hours 755:By this time, Böhme had won the 32:Erwin Böhme, after the death of 1817:29 November 1917 @ 12:55 hours 1809:Leon Andre Robert Ciselet KIA. 1785:20 November 1917 @ 10:30 hours 1502:10 February 1917 @ 12:20 hours 1388:26 December 1916 @ 15:15 hours 1362:22 November 1916 @ 14:10 hours 954:'s most prestigious order, the 402:material by the Hubertus Mill. 2812:German World War I flying aces 1934:, p. translated excerpt.. 1759:6 November 1917 @ 11:50 hours 1731:31 October 1917 @ 17:15 hours 1711:16 October 1917 @ 09:25 hours 1685:14 October 1917 @ 07:42 hours 1656:13 October 1917 @ 08:50 hours 1628:10 October 1917 @ 07:25 hours 1470:4 February 1917 @ 15:30 hours 1447:4 February 1917 @ 15:05 hours 1333:9 November 1916 @ 15:10 hours 1311:22 October 1916 @ 11:50 hours 1286:20 October 1916 @ 10:30 hours 1257:10 October 1916 @ 09:50 hours 1161:from 10th Fighter Detachment, 1: 1598:5 October 1917 @ 08:15 hours 1562:Crashed in British territory 1421:7 January 1917 @ 12:30 hours 1400:Dived into British territory 1374:Dived into British territory 467:supported the opening of the 1816: 1813: 1784: 1781: 1758: 1755: 1735:Royal Aircraft Factory SE.5a 1730: 1727: 1710: 1707: 1684: 1681: 1655: 1652: 1627: 1624: 1597: 1594: 1575: 1572: 1549: 1546: 1521: 1518: 1508:Downed inside British lines 1501: 1498: 1474:Royal Aircraft Factory BE.2e 1469: 1466: 1446: 1443: 1420: 1417: 1392:Royal Aircraft Factory BE.2c 1387: 1384: 1361: 1358: 1332: 1329: 1310: 1307: 1290:Royal Aircraft Factory FE.2b 1285: 1282: 1256: 1253: 1227: 1224: 1186: 1183: 1163:Imperial Russian Air Service 1154: 1151: 1123: 1120: 869:Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8 800:was shifted from command of 2713:VanWyngarden, Greg (2007). 2279:, unpaginated translation.. 1748:2nd Lt. George Robert Gray 1688:Nieuport 27 s/n B6778 from 1554:Royal Aircraft Factory RE.8 1522:14 July 1917 @ 07:20 hours 1511:West of Gommecourt, France 1337:Royal Aircraft Factory FE.8 772:House Order of Hohenzollern 2858: 2817:Luftstreitkräfte personnel 2740:. Leipzig: K. F. Koehler. 2577:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2565:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2553:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2541:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2529:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2517:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2505:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2493:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2481:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2469:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2457:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2445:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2433:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2421:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2409:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2397:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2385:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2373:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2361:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2349:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2337:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2325:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2313:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2301:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2289:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2265:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2238:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2211:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2196:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2133:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2109:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2085:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2061:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2049:Franks & Giblin (2003) 2025:Franks & Giblin (2003) 1953:Franks & Giblin (2003) 1880:Franks & Giblin (2003) 1542:2nd Lt. Godfrey Davis POW 1057: 990:, with no observer aboard. 612:, considering it too slow. 527: 2736:Werner, Johannes (1930). 1620:Francis J. Johns WIA/POW 1424:Airco DH.2 s/n 7851 from 1193:serial number A1913 from 1155:Morning of 2 August 1916 996:Armstrong-Whitworth F.K.8 988:Armstrong-Whitworth F.K.8 928:A Royal Aircraft Factory 542:replica in French livery. 524:Posted to fighter service 440:(Battle Squadron 10), at 25: 2675:Jackson, Robert (1998). 2123:, pp. 78, 188, 233. 1793:5me Escadrille de Chasse 1640:Forced to land; wrecked 1269:Wrecked and written off 2694:Kilduff, Peter (1998). 2600:. Oxford: Grub Street. 1249:Eric James Roberts KIA 1121:Confirmed but unlisted 726:Royal Aircraft Factory 507:fighter as well as his 2822:People from Holzminden 2618:; Giblin, Hal (2003). 1191:Sopwith 1 1/2 Strutter 1083: 1075: 1067: 1034: 1013: 991: 972: 932: 905: 899:landed safe and sound 871: 838: 767: 753: 731: 679: 613: 602: 586:Manfred von Richthofen 573: 543: 497: 485: 447: 436: 426:Duty as a bomber pilot 413: 378:, and travelled on to 348: 334: 303:, on the banks of the 268:Manfred von Richthofen 172: 168:(Fighter Squadron 29); 161: 144: 133: 124: 88: 2677:Air War Flanders-1918 1797:Belgian Air Component 1411:William Henry Hubbard 1032: 1008: 985: 964: 927: 896: 866: 765: 744: 725: 717:William Henry Hubbard 673: 607: 598: 537: 408: 332: 151:(Fighter Squadron 29) 140:(Fighter Squadron 2); 129:(Combat Squadron 10); 99:Years of service 2656:Head, Peter (2016). 2637:Hart, Peter (2005). 503:, and was flying an 487:Service Aéronautique 349:Garde-Jäger Regiment 179:(Fighter Squadron 2) 2181:VanWyngarden (2007) 2169:VanWyngarden (2007) 2157:VanWyngarden (2007) 2145:VanWyngarden (2007) 2013:VanWyngarden (2007) 1967:, pp. 109–110. 1767:No. 65 Squadron RFC 1739:No. 84 Squadron RFC 1690:No. 29 Squadron RFC 1664:No. 54 Squadron RFC 1636:No. 29 Squadron RFC 1606:No. 20 Squadron RFC 1581:No. 53 Squadron RFC 1478:No. 15 Squadron RFC 1426:No. 32 Squadron RFC 1370:No. 43 Squadron RFC 1341:No. 40 Squadron RFC 1316:No. 45 Squadron RFC 1294:No. 11 Squadron RFC 1265:No. 18 Squadron RFC 1236:No. 27 Squadron RFC 1195:No. 70 Squadron RFC 1147:were not confirmed 1000:No. 10 Squadron RFC 845:(Squadron Leader). 705:No. 40 Squadron RFC 687:his funeral, while 608:Böhme disliked the 242:employment contract 2159:, pp. 56, 61. 1991:, pp. 76, 78. 1558:No. 9 Squadron RFC 1455:Sally-le-Transloy 1396:No. 5 Squadron RFC 1035: 992: 933: 872: 794:first fighter wing 792:to lead Germany's 768: 732: 713:No. 3 Squadron RFC 680: 614: 544: 515:Romantic interlude 463:In February 1916, 414: 368:German East Africa 335: 238:German East Africa 2728:978-1-84603-203-5 2719:Osprey Publishing 2705:978-1-85409-266-3 2686:978-1-840370-04-1 2667:978-1-910690-23-9 2648:978-0-3043-6719-1 2629:978-1-904010-02-9 2607:978-0-948817-73-1 2579:, pp. 43–44. 2555:, pp. 40–41. 2543:, pp. 39–40. 2531:, pp. 36–39. 2519:, pp. 35–36. 2507:, pp. 34–35. 2495:, pp. 33–34. 2483:, pp. 32–33. 2471:, pp. 31–32. 2459:, pp. 30–31. 2447:, pp. 28–29. 2435:, pp. 25–27. 2423:, pp. 23–25. 2411:, pp. 22–23. 2399:, pp. 21–22. 2387:, pp. 20–21. 2375:, pp. 18–20. 2363:, pp. 17–18. 2351:, pp. 15–16. 2339:, pp. 13–14. 2327:, pp. 12–13. 2315:, pp. 11–12. 2303:, pp. 10–11. 2267:, pp. 44–45. 2252:, pp. 26–27. 2147:, pp. 55–57. 2111:, pp. 27–28. 2051:, pp. 17–21. 2027:, pp. 16–17. 1841: 1834: 1833: 1803:Osterke, Belgium 1366:Morane-Saulnier L 1243:Hervilly, France 1214:wounded in action 960:Battle of Cambrai 695:Böhme soldiers on 678:-engined fighter. 326:on 30 July 1905. 309:Kingdom of Saxony 246:timber plantation 231:civil engineering 212: 211: 2849: 2749: 2732: 2709: 2690: 2671: 2652: 2633: 2611: 2580: 2574: 2568: 2562: 2556: 2550: 2544: 2538: 2532: 2526: 2520: 2514: 2508: 2502: 2496: 2490: 2484: 2478: 2472: 2466: 2460: 2454: 2448: 2442: 2436: 2430: 2424: 2418: 2412: 2406: 2400: 2394: 2388: 2382: 2376: 2370: 2364: 2358: 2352: 2346: 2340: 2334: 2328: 2322: 2316: 2310: 2304: 2298: 2292: 2291:, pp. 9–10. 2286: 2280: 2274: 2268: 2262: 2253: 2247: 2241: 2235: 2226: 2220: 2214: 2208: 2199: 2193: 2184: 2178: 2172: 2166: 2160: 2154: 2148: 2142: 2136: 2130: 2124: 2118: 2112: 2106: 2100: 2094: 2088: 2082: 2076: 2070: 2064: 2058: 2052: 2046: 2040: 2034: 2028: 2022: 2016: 2010: 2004: 1998: 1992: 1986: 1980: 1974: 1968: 1962: 1956: 1950: 1935: 1929: 1912: 1906: 1883: 1877: 1858: 1855: 1836: 1771:Crashed heavily 1604:s/n kB1133 from 1232:Martinsyde G.100 1177:killed in action 1098: 1093:aerial observers 1086: 1078: 1070: 843: 822:Böhme in command 578: 502: 490: 483:from the French 469:Battle of Verdun 450: 439: 410:Usambara Railway 384:Usambara Railway 351: 254:Usambara Railway 177: 166: 149: 138: 127: 93: 90:Luftstreitkräfte 83: 60: 57:29 November 1917 30: 16: 2857: 2856: 2852: 2851: 2850: 2848: 2847: 2846: 2782: 2781: 2760:Norman Franks. 2757: 2755:Further reading 2752: 2735: 2729: 2712: 2706: 2693: 2687: 2674: 2668: 2655: 2649: 2636: 2630: 2614: 2608: 2592: 2588: 2583: 2575: 2571: 2563: 2559: 2551: 2547: 2539: 2535: 2527: 2523: 2515: 2511: 2503: 2499: 2491: 2487: 2479: 2475: 2467: 2463: 2455: 2451: 2443: 2439: 2431: 2427: 2419: 2415: 2407: 2403: 2395: 2391: 2383: 2379: 2371: 2367: 2359: 2355: 2347: 2343: 2335: 2331: 2323: 2319: 2311: 2307: 2299: 2295: 2287: 2283: 2275: 2271: 2263: 2256: 2248: 2244: 2236: 2229: 2221: 2217: 2209: 2202: 2194: 2187: 2179: 2175: 2167: 2163: 2155: 2151: 2143: 2139: 2131: 2127: 2119: 2115: 2107: 2103: 2095: 2091: 2083: 2079: 2071: 2067: 2059: 2055: 2047: 2043: 2035: 2031: 2023: 2019: 2011: 2007: 1999: 1995: 1987: 1983: 1975: 1971: 1963: 1959: 1951: 1938: 1930: 1915: 1907: 1886: 1878: 1871: 1867: 1862: 1861: 1856: 1852: 1847: 1820:Sopwith Camel? 1765:s/n B2408 from 1745:Zillebeke Lake 1662:s/n B1800 from 1634:s/n B6791 from 1556:s/n B5012 from 1460:William Curphey 1345:Forced landing 1218:prisoner of war 1076:Kampfstaffel 10 1062: 1056: 1040: 1033:An Albatros DVa 980: 978:Death in action 901:at our airfield 824: 812:squadron leader 778:pilots. As the 759:, First Class. 736:William Curphey 697: 638: 562:Kampfstaffel 10 532: 526: 517: 465:Kampfstaffel 10 437:Kampfstaffel 10 428: 423: 363: 361:African sojourn 297: 197: 192: 169: 141: 130: 125:Kampfstaffel 10 102:1899, 1914–1917 62: 58: 49:, German Empire 45: 36: 21: 12: 11: 5: 2855: 2853: 2845: 2844: 2839: 2834: 2829: 2824: 2819: 2814: 2809: 2804: 2799: 2794: 2784: 2783: 2780: 2779: 2777:978-1904010760 2756: 2753: 2751: 2750: 2733: 2727: 2710: 2704: 2691: 2685: 2672: 2666: 2653: 2647: 2634: 2628: 2616:Franks, Norman 2612: 2606: 2594:Franks, Norman 2589: 2587: 2584: 2582: 2581: 2569: 2557: 2545: 2533: 2521: 2509: 2497: 2485: 2473: 2461: 2449: 2437: 2425: 2413: 2401: 2389: 2377: 2365: 2353: 2341: 2329: 2317: 2305: 2293: 2281: 2269: 2254: 2250:Jackson (1998) 2242: 2227: 2225:, p. 158. 2215: 2200: 2185: 2173: 2161: 2149: 2137: 2125: 2113: 2101: 2099:, p. 355. 2089: 2077: 2065: 2053: 2041: 2039:, p. 141. 2029: 2017: 2005: 2003:, p. 139. 1993: 1981: 1977:Kilduff (1998) 1969: 1957: 1936: 1913: 1884: 1868: 1866: 1863: 1860: 1859: 1849: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1832: 1831: 1829: 1824: 1821: 1818: 1815: 1811: 1810: 1807:First sergeant 1804: 1801: 1799: 1786: 1783: 1779: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1760: 1757: 1753: 1752: 1750:died of wounds 1746: 1743: 1741: 1737:s/n B544 from 1732: 1729: 1725: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1705: 1704: 1701: 1695: 1692: 1686: 1683: 1679: 1678: 1675: 1668: 1666: 1657: 1654: 1650: 1649: 1646: 1641: 1638: 1629: 1626: 1622: 1621: 1614: 1611: 1608: 1599: 1596: 1592: 1591: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1577: 1574: 1570: 1569: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1551: 1548: 1544: 1543: 1540: 1531: 1529: 1523: 1520: 1516: 1515: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1496: 1495: 1489: 1483: 1480: 1476:s/n 7105 from 1471: 1468: 1464: 1463: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1441: 1440: 1437: 1431: 1428: 1422: 1419: 1415: 1414: 1407: 1401: 1398: 1389: 1386: 1382: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1363: 1360: 1356: 1355: 1352: 1346: 1343: 1339:s/n 6409 from 1334: 1331: 1327: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1312: 1309: 1305: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1296: 1292:s/n 4867 from 1287: 1284: 1280: 1279: 1276: 1270: 1267: 1263:s/n 4856 from 1258: 1255: 1251: 1250: 1244: 1241: 1238: 1234:s/n 7475 from 1229: 1226: 1222: 1221: 1207: 1200: 1197: 1188: 1185: 1181: 1180: 1170: 1167: 1165: 1156: 1153: 1149: 1148: 1141: 1136: 1134: 1125: 1124:2 August 1915 1122: 1118: 1117: 1114: 1111: 1108: 1105: 1102: 1088:respectively. 1084:Jagdstaffel 29 1055: 1052: 1039: 1036: 1024:Pour le Merite 979: 976: 956:Pour le Merite 910:Pour le Merite 823: 820: 816:Jagdstaffel 29 808:Jagdstaffel 11 803:Jagdstaffel 29 789:Jagdstaffel 11 696: 693: 674:An Airco DH.2 637: 634: 547:Kampstaffel 10 525: 522: 516: 513: 454:Oswald Boelcke 427: 424: 422: 421:Flying service 419: 392:Pare Mountains 362: 359: 339:civil engineer 320:mountaineering 296: 293: 284:Pour le Merite 272:Oswald Boelcke 210: 209: 206: 202: 201: 189:Pour le Mérite 185: 181: 180: 163:Jagdstaffel 29 157: 153: 152: 146:Jagdstaffel 29 120: 116: 115: 108: 104: 103: 100: 96: 95: 85: 79: 78: 73: 69: 68: 61:(aged 38) 55: 51: 50: 42: 38: 37: 34:Oswald Boelcke 31: 23: 22: 19: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2854: 2843: 2840: 2838: 2835: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2818: 2815: 2813: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2803: 2800: 2798: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2789: 2787: 2778: 2774: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2758: 2754: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2734: 2730: 2724: 2720: 2717:. Oxford UK: 2716: 2711: 2707: 2701: 2697: 2692: 2688: 2682: 2678: 2673: 2669: 2663: 2659: 2654: 2650: 2644: 2640: 2635: 2631: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2613: 2609: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2590: 2585: 2578: 2573: 2570: 2567:, p. 42. 2566: 2561: 2558: 2554: 2549: 2546: 2542: 2537: 2534: 2530: 2525: 2522: 2518: 2513: 2510: 2506: 2501: 2498: 2494: 2489: 2486: 2482: 2477: 2474: 2470: 2465: 2462: 2458: 2453: 2450: 2446: 2441: 2438: 2434: 2429: 2426: 2422: 2417: 2414: 2410: 2405: 2402: 2398: 2393: 2390: 2386: 2381: 2378: 2374: 2369: 2366: 2362: 2357: 2354: 2350: 2345: 2342: 2338: 2333: 2330: 2326: 2321: 2318: 2314: 2309: 2306: 2302: 2297: 2294: 2290: 2285: 2282: 2278: 2277:Werner (1930) 2273: 2270: 2266: 2261: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2246: 2243: 2240:, p. 43. 2239: 2234: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2219: 2216: 2213:, p. 39. 2212: 2207: 2205: 2201: 2198:, p. 37. 2197: 2192: 2190: 2186: 2183:, p. 60. 2182: 2177: 2174: 2171:, p. 57. 2170: 2165: 2162: 2158: 2153: 2150: 2146: 2141: 2138: 2135:, p. 29. 2134: 2129: 2126: 2122: 2117: 2114: 2110: 2105: 2102: 2098: 2093: 2090: 2087:, p. 27. 2086: 2081: 2078: 2075:, p. 57. 2074: 2069: 2066: 2063:, p. 22. 2062: 2057: 2054: 2050: 2045: 2042: 2038: 2033: 2030: 2026: 2021: 2018: 2015:, p. 22. 2014: 2009: 2006: 2002: 1997: 1994: 1990: 1985: 1982: 1979:, p. 55. 1978: 1973: 1970: 1966: 1961: 1958: 1954: 1949: 1947: 1945: 1943: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1932:Werner (1930) 1928: 1926: 1924: 1922: 1920: 1918: 1914: 1911:, p. 78. 1910: 1905: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1897: 1895: 1893: 1891: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1876: 1874: 1870: 1864: 1854: 1851: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1830: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1812: 1808: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1787: 1780: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1764: 1763:Sopwith Camel 1761: 1754: 1751: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1733: 1726: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1706: 1702: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1691: 1687: 1680: 1676: 1673: 1670:Southwest of 1669: 1667: 1665: 1661: 1658: 1651: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1633: 1630: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1603: 1600: 1593: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1582: 1578: 1571: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1559: 1555: 1552: 1545: 1541: 1539: 1535: 1532: 1530: 1527: 1524: 1517: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1497: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1479: 1475: 1472: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1442: 1438: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1423: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1393: 1390: 1383: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1367: 1364: 1357: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1338: 1335: 1328: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1317: 1313: 1306: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1295: 1291: 1288: 1281: 1277: 1274: 1271: 1268: 1266: 1262: 1259: 1252: 1248: 1245: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1233: 1230: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1202:Northwest of 1201: 1198: 1196: 1192: 1189: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1171: 1168: 1166: 1164: 1160: 1157: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1140: 1139:Western Front 1137: 1135: 1133: 1129: 1126: 1119: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1089: 1087: 1085: 1079: 1077: 1071: 1069: 1068:Jagdstaffel 2 1061: 1053: 1051: 1049: 1045: 1037: 1031: 1027: 1025: 1020: 1018: 1017:Albatros D.Va 1012: 1007: 1005: 1001: 997: 989: 984: 977: 975: 971: 969: 963: 961: 957: 953: 952:German Empire 948: 946: 945:New Zealander 942: 939:fighter over 938: 931: 926: 922: 920: 916: 912: 911: 904: 902: 895: 891: 889: 885: 881: 877: 870: 865: 861: 859: 855: 851: 846: 844: 842: 841: 840:Staffelführer 834: 833:Jagdstaffel 2 829: 821: 819: 817: 813: 809: 805: 804: 799: 795: 791: 790: 783: 781: 777: 776:Jagdstaffel 2 773: 764: 760: 758: 752: 750: 743: 741: 737: 729: 724: 720: 718: 714: 710: 706: 702: 694: 692: 690: 684: 677: 672: 668: 666: 662: 658: 654: 649: 647: 643: 635: 633: 631: 627: 623: 619: 618:Jagdstaffel 2 616:Böhme joined 611: 606: 601: 597: 595: 591: 587: 583: 582:Jagdstaffel 2 579: 577: 576: 575:Jagdstaffel 2 569: 568: 563: 559: 554: 552: 548: 541: 536: 531: 523: 521: 514: 512: 510: 506: 501: 500: 494: 489: 488: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 461: 459: 455: 451: 449: 443: 438: 432: 425: 420: 418: 411: 407: 403: 401: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 360: 358: 356: 352: 350: 344: 340: 331: 327: 325: 321: 317: 312: 310: 306: 302: 294: 292: 290: 286: 285: 280: 275: 273: 269: 265: 264: 263:Jagdstaffel 2 258: 255: 251: 247: 243: 239: 234: 232: 228: 224: 220: 216: 207: 203: 200: 196: 191: 190: 186: 182: 178: 176: 175: 174:Jagdstaffel 2 167: 165: 164: 158: 154: 150: 148: 147: 139: 137: 136: 135:Jagdstaffel 2 128: 126: 121: 117: 114: 113: 109: 105: 101: 97: 92: 91: 86: 80: 77: 76:German Empire 74: 70: 66: 56: 52: 48: 43: 39: 35: 29: 24: 17: 2761: 2737: 2714: 2695: 2676: 2657: 2638: 2619: 2597: 2572: 2560: 2548: 2536: 2524: 2512: 2500: 2488: 2476: 2464: 2452: 2440: 2428: 2416: 2404: 2392: 2380: 2368: 2356: 2344: 2332: 2320: 2308: 2296: 2284: 2272: 2245: 2218: 2176: 2164: 2152: 2140: 2128: 2116: 2104: 2092: 2080: 2068: 2056: 2044: 2032: 2020: 2008: 1996: 1984: 1972: 1960: 1955:, p. 9. 1882:, p. 8. 1853: 1837: 1835: 1720:Magermeirie 1610:Crashlanded 1602:Bristol F.2B 1368:s/n A248 of 1240:Crashlanded 1225:Unconfirmed 1173:Eduard Pulpe 1144: 1090: 1081: 1073: 1065: 1063: 1054:Victory list 1047: 1043: 1041: 1023: 1021: 1014: 1009: 993: 973: 967: 965: 955: 949: 934: 908: 906: 900: 897: 892: 873: 847: 836: 832: 825: 815: 807: 801: 787: 784: 775: 769: 754: 748: 745: 733: 698: 685: 681: 665:landing gear 650: 639: 626:Albatros D.I 617: 615: 610:Albatros D.I 599: 581: 571: 567:Jagdstaffeln 565: 561: 558:Eduard Pulpe 555: 546: 545: 518: 493:commissioned 464: 462: 458:Albatros C.I 445: 433: 429: 415: 364: 346: 336: 313: 298: 288: 282: 276: 261: 259: 235: 214: 213: 187: 170: 159: 142: 131: 122: 112:Oberleutnant 110: 59:(1917-11-29) 44:29 July 1879 2797:1917 deaths 2792:1879 births 2223:Head (2016) 2097:Hart (2005) 2073:Hart (2005) 2037:Head (2016) 2001:Head (2016) 1965:Head (2016) 1789:Nieuport 17 1660:Sopwith Pup 1632:Nieuport 27 1565:Boesinghem 1526:Nieuport 17 1404:Courcelette 1322:Les Boeufs 1159:Nieuport 12 1116:Casualties 884:Werner Voss 828:Nieuport 17 740:Sopwith Pup 711:Parasol of 622:Bertincourt 590:ace of aces 540:Nieuport 12 324:Lake Zurich 305:Weser River 219:fighter ace 215:Erwin Böhme 94:(Air Force) 20:Erwin Böhme 2786:Categories 2770:1904010768 2586:References 1700:, Belgium 1674:, Belgium 1613:Dadizeele 1430:Shot down 1377:Longevual 1261:Airco DH.2 1220:(WIA/POW) 1169:Rogistche 1104:Date/time 1058:See also: 858:Carl Bolle 798:Kurt Wolff 757:Iron Cross 703:pusher of 528:See also: 509:Roland LVG 442:Mörchingen 396:Tanganyika 388:Neu-Hornow 376:Matterhorn 316:ice skater 301:Holzminden 295:Early life 250:Tanganyika 223:Holzminden 199:Iron Cross 72:Allegiance 47:Holzminden 1865:Citations 1845:Footnotes 1827:Zonnebeke 1672:Koekelare 1644:Zillebeke 1488:, France 1486:Hébuterne 1436:, France 1406:, France 1351:, France 1275:, France 1273:Longueval 1206:, France 1113:Location 941:Zillebeke 867:Restored 854:North Sea 814:slot for 730:in flight 653:Airco DH2 390:into the 279:betrothal 205:Relations 67:, Belgium 65:Zonnebeke 2746:34521587 1823:Unknown 1492:Sergeant 1482:Crashed 1458:2nd Lt. 1409:2nd Lt. 1204:Hervilly 1199:Crashed 1145:Kagohl 2 1132:Nieuport 850:Flanders 806:to lead 749:noblesse 707:, and a 661:biplanes 511:bomber. 505:Albatros 499:leutnant 481:Nieuport 448:Kagohl 2 374:and the 372:Jungfrau 343:Dortmund 227:alpinist 156:Commands 82:Service/ 1838:Sources 1618:Private 1538:Belgium 1534:Capelle 1300:Monchy 1210:2nd Lt. 1110:Result 1026:medal. 1004:split S 968:Staffel 919:Hamburg 835:as its 796:. Then 742:pilot: 657:pushers 636:Tragedy 630:wingman 594:wingman 477:Farmans 307:in the 2775:  2768:  2744:  2725:  2702:  2683:  2664:  2645:  2626:  2604:  1774:Molen 1587:Koman 1434:Beugny 1349:Arleux 1179:(KIA) 1128:Farman 1038:Legacy 943:Lake. 915:Dessau 709:Morane 676:pusher 646:batman 479:and a 473:Fokker 412:tracks 400:pencil 184:Awards 84:branch 1791:from 1698:Ypres 1394:from 937:SE.5a 930:S.E.5 876:lobby 551:Kovel 495:as a 386:from 380:Genoa 244:on a 63:over 2773:ISBN 2766:ISBN 2742:OCLC 2723:ISBN 2700:ISBN 2681:ISBN 2662:ISBN 2643:ISBN 2624:ISBN 2602:ISBN 1462:WIA 1413:WIA 1107:Foe 1101:No. 1080:and 880:RE.8 728:FE.8 701:FE.8 642:mess 355:Alps 119:Unit 107:Rank 54:Died 41:Born 1814:24 1782:23 1756:22 1728:21 1708:20 1682:19 1653:18 1625:17 1595:16 1573:15 1547:14 1519:13 1499:12 1467:11 1444:10 1247:Lt. 1130:or 1046:, ( 986:An 620:at 394:of 248:in 2788:: 2721:. 2257:^ 2230:^ 2203:^ 2188:^ 1939:^ 1916:^ 1887:^ 1872:^ 1795:, 1536:, 1418:9 1385:8 1359:7 1330:6 1308:5 1283:4 1254:3 1184:2 1175:, 1152:1 903:. 890:. 886:, 818:. 751:. 538:A 357:. 291:. 2748:. 2731:. 2708:. 2689:. 2670:. 2651:. 2632:. 2610:. 1216:/

Index


Oswald Boelcke
Holzminden
Zonnebeke
German Empire
Luftstreitkräfte
Oberleutnant
Jagdstaffel 2
Jagdstaffel 29
Jagdstaffel 29
Jagdstaffel 2
Pour le Mérite
Royal House Order of Hohenzollern
Iron Cross
fighter ace
Holzminden
alpinist
civil engineering
German East Africa
employment contract
timber plantation
Tanganyika
Usambara Railway
Jagdstaffel 2
Manfred von Richthofen
Oswald Boelcke
betrothal
Pour le Merite
Holzminden
Weser River

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