64:
642:
Many other historical names for this condition (and
Vincent's angina) have occurred, including: "acute membranous gingivitis", "fusospirillary gingivitis", " fusospirillosis", "fusospirochetal gingivitis", "phagedenic gingivitis", "Vincent stomatitis", "Vincent gingivitis", and "Vincent infection".
638:
evolved because the disease was observed in front line soldiers during World War I, thought to be a result at least partly because of extreme psychologic stress they were exposed to. The same condition was appearing in civilians during periods of bombing raids, who were away from the front line, and
590:
Predisposing factors include smoking, viral respiratory infections and immune defects, such as in HIV/AIDS. Uncommon, except in lower socioeconomic classes, this typically affects adolescents and young adults, especially in institutions, armed forces, etc., or people with HIV/AIDS. The disease has
631:. Later in 1904, Vincent describes the same pathogenic organisms in "ulceronecrotic gingivitis". Vincent's angina is sometimes confused with NUG, however the former is tonsillitis and pharyngitis, and the latter involves the gums, and usually the two conditions occur in isolation from each other.
582:
In developed countries, this disease occurs mostly in young adults. In developing countries, NUG may occur in children of low socioeconomic status, usually occurring with malnutrition (especially inadequate protein intake) and shortly after the onset of viral infections (e.g.
529:
Necrotizing periodontitis (NP) is where the infection leads to attachment loss, and involves only the gingiva, periodontal ligament and alveolar ligament. Progression of the disease into tissue beyond the mucogingival junction characterizes necrotizing stomatitis.
973:
958:
665:
The 1999 American
Academy of Periodontology Classification termed the condition "necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis". The "ulcerative" descriptor was removed from the name, because ulceration is considered to be secondary to the necrosis.
1785:
367:) in the acute phase, and improving oral hygiene to prevent recurrence. Although the condition has a rapid onset and is debilitating, it usually resolves quickly and does no serious harm. The informal name
639:
who had relatively good diets during wartime due to rationing, so it is assumed that psychologic stress was the significant causative factor. It has also been associated with high tobacco use in the army.
570:
and can spread, as necrotizing stomatitis or noma, into neighbouring tissues in the cheeks, lips or the bones of the jaw. As stated, the condition can occur and be especially dangerous in people with
654:, and it was even called HIV-associated periodontitis. It is now understood that its association with HIV/AIDS was due to the immunocompromised status of such patients; it also occurs with higher
1778:
603:
observes sore mouth and foul smelling breath in Greek soldiers in the 4th century BC. Hunter describes the clinical features of necrotizing gingivitis in 1778, differentiating it from
3381:
1187:
1771:
526:. It is the most minor form of this spectrum, with more advanced stages being termed necrotizing periodontitis, necrotizing stomatitis, and the most extreme, cancrum oris.
3563:
1387:
1352:
498:
The following zones of infection have been described (superficial to deep): the bacterial zone, the neutrophil rich zone, the necrotic zone and the spirochetal zone.
383:
In the early stages some affected people may complain of a feeling of tightness around the teeth. Three signs/symptoms must be present to diagnose this condition:
2610:
3568:
491:
that occurs on a background of impaired local or systemic host defenses. The predisposing factors for necrotizing gingivitis are smoking, psychological stress,
1806:
438:(noma) is a very rare complication, usually in debilitated children. Similar features but with more intense pain may be seen in necrotizing periodontitis in
646:
In the late 1980s-early 1990s, it was originally thought that some necrotizing periodontal diseases seen in severely affected AIDS patients were strictly a
4225:
317:(the sections of gum between adjacent teeth). This disease, along with necrotizing periodontitis (NP) and necrotizing stomatitis, is classified as a
2222:
1062:
715:"Acute periodontal lesions (periodontal abscesses and necrotizing periodontal diseases) and endo-periodontal lesions: Dd56II Joint EFP-AAP Workshop"
4195:
3393:
3344:
1207:
336:
which is rarely painful. If NG is improperly treated or neglected, it may become chronic and/or recurrent. The causative organisms are mostly
1596:
1226:
899:
3878:
3721:
1556:
1551:
313:) is a common, non-contagious infection of the gums with sudden onset. The main features are painful, bleeding gums, and ulceration of
2995:
2479:
4122:
2755:
1500:
842:
792:
558:. As these diseases are often associated with systemic medical issues, proper management of the systemic disorders is appropriate.
4097:
4034:
4029:
3911:
3339:
3319:
2231:
1197:
523:
318:
3943:
3580:
3034:
1367:
1337:
192:
4220:
3928:
3763:
3768:
1202:
3292:
2901:
2605:
2590:
2528:
2474:
2397:
2215:
2179:
1854:
1055:
3820:
3783:
3513:
2794:
2706:
1040:
924:
NYS Department of Health AIDS Institute. "Clinical
Manifestations and Management of HIV-Related Periodontal Disease".
71:
A fairly mild presentation of necrotizing gingivitis at the typical site on the gums of the anterior mandibular teeth.
574:. This progression to noma is possible in malnourished susceptible individuals, with severe disfigurement possible.
3830:
3778:
3585:
3518:
3287:
2787:
2782:
2733:
1763:
266:
262:
375:
as many soldiers developed the disease, probably because of the poor conditions and extreme psychological stress.
3835:
3553:
3457:
2928:
2392:
2170:
2151:
2117:
1752:
1526:
4142:
3921:
3906:
3602:
3558:
3503:
3376:
3334:
3102:
2948:
2124:
2073:
1581:
1561:
1516:
1490:
1357:
1312:
1247:
1182:
1177:
988:
434:). Pain is fairly well localized to the affected areas. Systemic reactions may be more pronounced in children.
427:
3975:
3307:
4235:
4039:
3840:
3805:
3631:
3498:
3302:
3082:
2923:
2869:
2799:
2721:
2701:
2688:
2665:
2208:
2163:
1747:
1651:
1495:
1458:
1423:
1403:
1240:
1048:
488:
115:
4185:
4152:
3825:
3815:
3810:
3752:
3679:
3635:
3531:
3526:
3312:
3142:
3137:
3112:
2958:
2889:
2716:
2625:
2543:
2270:
2156:
1997:
1798:
1742:
612:
257:
2809:
2533:
355:. When the attachments of the teeth to the bone are involved, the term NP is used. Treatment of NG is by
3994:
3896:
3508:
3386:
3366:
3248:
3207:
3070:
3058:
3007:
2670:
2131:
2062:
1576:
1571:
1254:
1172:
1147:
1132:
1127:
608:
460:
333:
132:
2743:
63:
4092:
3731:
3716:
3282:
3215:
2821:
2553:
2110:
2103:
2053:
1933:
1901:
1706:
1681:
1591:
1485:
1332:
1282:
1261:
1217:
1137:
1107:
294:
176:
4147:
3883:
3863:
3853:
3726:
3659:
3541:
3536:
3462:
3361:
3014:
2938:
2777:
2726:
2675:
2655:
2568:
2558:
2484:
2459:
2317:
1879:
1794:
1721:
1604:
1586:
1536:
1418:
1372:
1268:
1142:
977:
628:
451:
431:
351:
Predisposing factors include poor oral hygiene, smoking, poor nutrition, psychological stress, and
314:
237:
233:
128:
2424:
4190:
4044:
3848:
3664:
3612:
3573:
3270:
3186:
3117:
2826:
2650:
2630:
2583:
2469:
2414:
2377:
2367:
2352:
2282:
2041:
1867:
1844:
1619:
1342:
1233:
337:
270:
88:
4137:
4112:
3773:
784:
4230:
3888:
3477:
3442:
3275:
3171:
3029:
2953:
2660:
2600:
2563:
2538:
2387:
2265:
2260:
2031:
1691:
1676:
1641:
1614:
1541:
1531:
1433:
1307:
1290:
1164:
1097:
1028:
999:
903:
881:
838:
788:
736:
616:
352:
219:
180:
76:
3858:
3493:
3483:
3447:
3356:
3107:
3046:
2980:
2970:
2918:
2816:
2711:
2548:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1923:
1918:
1907:
1711:
1656:
1609:
1327:
871:
776:
726:
571:
4014:
3800:
3595:
3488:
3324:
3243:
3223:
3147:
3132:
3002:
2906:
2874:
2845:
2767:
2693:
2489:
2372:
2362:
2307:
2292:
2188:
1962:
1938:
1872:
1824:
1661:
1362:
1122:
1117:
624:
274:
152:
1701:
4180:
4132:
4102:
3970:
3901:
3868:
3590:
3329:
3063:
2943:
2738:
2523:
2336:
2184:
2142:
1977:
1802:
1566:
1072:
876:
859:
627:, causing "ulcero-membranous pharyngitis and tonsillitis", which later became known as
341:
245:
200:
81:
328:
The often severe gum pain that characterizes NG distinguishes it from the more common
4214:
4082:
3960:
3788:
3607:
3371:
3351:
3260:
3127:
3087:
2884:
2645:
2620:
2595:
2573:
2357:
2347:
2312:
2002:
1815:
1726:
1686:
1408:
1382:
1377:
1192:
1092:
777:
659:
555:
484:
466:
364:
322:
298:
144:
982:
3933:
3709:
3704:
3689:
3669:
3639:
3472:
3181:
3122:
3053:
2975:
2965:
2933:
2896:
2857:
2849:
2464:
2419:
2404:
2302:
2297:
2200:
2094:
1913:
1716:
1671:
1546:
1448:
1443:
1428:
1087:
635:
567:
543:
492:
435:
284:
212:
208:
184:
172:
30:
This article is about the physiologic disorder. For the similarly named band, see
993:
4127:
4117:
4107:
4024:
4019:
3950:
3024:
2985:
2804:
2680:
2640:
2508:
2429:
2409:
2046:
2021:
1696:
1646:
1275:
1023:
680:
675:
554:. If there is systemic involvement, then oral antibiotics may be given, such as
539:
471:
394:
372:
356:
159:
148:
140:
31:
1004:
17:
4087:
3873:
3699:
3467:
3297:
3238:
3176:
3166:
3159:
3154:
3092:
3075:
3019:
2990:
2911:
2772:
2750:
2635:
2615:
1987:
1666:
1521:
1413:
1347:
1317:
967:
655:
551:
507:
360:
345:
329:
188:
97:
740:
3955:
3938:
3674:
3452:
3255:
2879:
2762:
2382:
2277:
2255:
2068:
1834:
1453:
1438:
547:
476:
409:
249:
136:
885:
835:
Oral and maxillofacial medicine : the basis of diagnosis and treatment
510:; blood picture occasionally. The important differentiation is with acute
3965:
3916:
3684:
3437:
3418:
3398:
3219:
3097:
3041:
2287:
2078:
1891:
1850:
1322:
1102:
731:
714:
600:
511:
483:
Necrotizing gingivitis may also be associated with diseases in which the
455:
439:
401:
tissue. The papillary necrosis of NG has been described as "punched out".
398:
225:
105:
950:
4051:
4009:
3694:
3654:
3548:
3422:
3211:
2578:
1112:
926:
Oral Health Care for People with HIV Infection: HIV Clinical
Guidelines
647:
620:
584:
506:
Diagnosis is usually clinical. Smear for fusospirochaetal bacteria and
419:
196:
3793:
3265:
2853:
2448:
962:
837:(2nd ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 101, 347.
604:
713:
Herrera, D., Retamal-Valdes, B., Alonso, B., Feres, M. (June 2018).
708:
706:
704:
702:
700:
698:
696:
423:
229:
204:
101:
487:
is compromised, including HIV/AIDS. Necrotizing gingivitis is an
1859:
241:
168:
108:
93:
4169:
4068:
3992:
3750:
3629:
3415:
3205:
2843:
2506:
2446:
2334:
2242:
2204:
1767:
1044:
775:
Lindhe, Jan; Lang, Niklaus P.; Karring, Thorkild, eds. (2008).
522:
Necrotizing gingivitis is part of a spectrum of disease termed
2244:
651:
591:
occurred in epidemic-like patterns, but it is not contagious.
566:
Untreated, the infection may lead to rapid destruction of the
164:
860:"The Relation of Peri-dental Gingivitis to Vincent's Angina"
390:
Profuse gum bleeding that requires little or no provocation.
542:
of necrotic areas (areas of dead and/or dying gum tissue),
405:
Other signs and symptoms may be present, but not always.
828:
826:
824:
770:
599:
Necrotizing gingivitis has been observed for centuries.
822:
820:
818:
816:
814:
812:
810:
808:
806:
804:
783:(5th ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard. pp.
768:
766:
764:
762:
760:
758:
756:
754:
752:
750:
450:
Necrotizing periodontal diseases are caused by a mixed
27:
Non-contagious, painful bacterial infection of the gums
1188:
Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease
1071:
Dentistry involving supporting structures of teeth (
940:
2141:
2093:
2029:
2020:
1985:
1976:
1889:
1832:
1823:
1814:
1735:
1634:
1509:
1478:
1471:
1396:
1300:
1216:
1163:
1156:
1080:
1014:
944:
290:
280:
256:
218:
158:
124:
114:
87:
75:
47:
42:
3644:Jaw joints, chewing muscles and bite abnormalities
658:in association with other diseases in which the
3999:Teeth, jaws, tongue and associated soft tissues
2611:Hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis
323:gum disease caused by inflammation of the gums
3569:Neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis
2216:
1779:
1056:
779:Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry
619:describes a fusospirochetal infection of the
8:
864:Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine
4166:
4065:
3989:
3747:
3626:
3412:
3202:
2840:
2503:
2443:
2331:
2239:
2223:
2209:
2201:
2026:
1982:
1829:
1820:
1786:
1772:
1764:
1475:
1160:
1063:
1049:
1041:
941:
902:. Medterms.com. 2001-09-13. Archived from
615:, a French physician working at the Paris
62:
39:
875:
730:
430:are rare (unlike the typical features of
4196:Oral manifestations of systemic disease
3345:Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
1208:Combined periodontic-endodontic lesions
692:
3382:As a manifestation of systemic disease
1597:Subepithelial connective tissue graft
7:
3228:Gums and tooth-supporting structures
1183:Generalized aggressive periodontitis
321:, one of the three general types of
3879:Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum
3722:Temporomandibular joint dysfunction
4226:Conditions of the mucous membranes
2996:Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis
2480:Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia
1178:Localized aggressive periodontitis
858:Taylor, FE; McKinstry, WH (1917).
538:Treatment includes irrigation and
25:
1501:Full mouth ultrasonic debridement
4098:Cutaneous sinus of dental origin
4035:Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
4030:Central hypoventilation syndrome
3912:Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma
3340:Necrotizing periodontal diseases
3320:Hereditary gingival fibromatosis
2232:Oral and maxillofacial pathology
1198:Necrotizing periodontal diseases
524:necrotizing periodontal diseases
3944:Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis
3581:Osteoporotic bone marrow defect
3035:Keratocystic odontogenic tumour
428:cervical lymph node enlargement
319:necrotizing periodontal disease
193:necrotizing periodontal disease
3929:Sclerosing polycystic adenosis
3764:Benign lymphoepithelial lesion
900:"Definition of Vincent angina"
1:
4123:Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome
4072:Soft tissues around the mouth
3769:Ectopic salivary gland tissue
1203:Abscesses of the periodontium
3293:Gingival cyst of the newborn
2902:Failure of eruption of teeth
2606:Hand, foot and mouth disease
2591:Focal epithelial hyperplasia
2529:Angina bullosa haemorrhagica
2475:Palatal cysts of the newborn
2398:Transient lingual papillitis
2180:Streptobacillus moniliformis
546:instruction and the uses of
224:Based on clinical findings (
3821:Salivary gland diverticulum
3784:Necrotizing sialometaplasia
2795:Smokeless tobacco keratosis
2707:Basaloid squamous carcinoma
1939:Louse borne relapsing fever
415:Bad taste (metallic taste).
4252:
3831:Salivary gland hyperplasia
3779:HIV salivary gland disease
3288:Gingival cyst of the adult
2734:Oral florid papillomatosis
1963:Tick borne relapsing fever
1557:Guided tissue regeneration
357:removal of dead gum tissue
267:mucous membrane pemphigoid
263:herpetic gingivostomatitis
29:
4176:
4165:
4078:
4070:Orofacial soft tissues –
4064:
4005:
3988:
3836:Salivary gland hypoplasia
3759:
3746:
3650:
3625:
3564:Bisphosphonate-associated
3458:Idiopathic osteosclerosis
3433:
3411:
3234:
3201:
2929:Dentinogenesis imperfecta
2865:
2839:
2519:
2502:
2455:
2442:
2393:Median rhomboid glossitis
2343:
2330:
2251:
2238:
2171:Fusobacterium polymorphum
2152:Fusobacterium necrophorum
2118:Capnocytophaga canimorsus
1527:Coronally positioned flap
833:Scully, Crispian (2008).
719:Journal of Periodontology
495:, and immunosuppression.
393:Interdental papillae are
70:
61:
4143:Orofacial granulomatosis
3922:Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
3907:Adenoid cystic carcinoma
3841:Salivary gland neoplasms
3632:Temporomandibular joints
3603:Periapical periodontitis
3335:Linear gingival erythema
3103:Regional odontodysplasia
2949:Enamel hypocalcification
2125:Porphyromonas gingivalis
2074:Lymphogranuloma venereum
1582:Pocket reduction surgery
1562:Enamel matrix derivative
1552:Guided bone regeneration
1517:Apically positioned flap
1491:Scaling and root planing
1397:Treatment and prevention
1358:Linear gingival erythema
1313:Clinical attachment loss
1227:A. actinomycetemcomitans
514:or herpetic stomatitis.
353:a weakened immune system
4040:Obstructive sleep apnea
3806:Salivary duct stricture
3586:Paget's disease of bone
3083:Pulp canal obliteration
2924:Dentin hypersensitivity
2870:Amelogenesis imperfecta
2722:Squamous cell carcinoma
2702:Adenosquamous carcinoma
2689:Squamous cell papilloma
2666:Melanocytic oral lesion
2164:Fusobacterium nucleatum
1635:Important personalities
1496:Full mouth disinfection
1459:Host modulatory therapy
1424:Chlorhexidine gluconate
1404:Periodontal examination
870:(Laryngol Sect): 43–8.
572:weakened immune systems
489:opportunistic infection
4186:Hemifacial hypertrophy
4153:Pyostomatitis vegetans
3826:Salivary gland fistula
3816:Salivary gland atresia
3811:Salivary gland aplasia
3665:Mandibular dislocation
3636:muscles of mastication
3514:Calcifying odontogenic
3143:Vertical root fracture
3138:Cracked tooth syndrome
3113:Shovel-shaped incisors
3008:Wisdom tooth impaction
2890:Early childhood caries
2756:Benign mucous membrane
2717:Spindle cell carcinoma
2626:Intraoral dental sinus
2544:Burning mouth syndrome
1998:Leptospira interrogans
1353:Horizontal bony defect
613:Jean Hyacinthe Vincent
307:Necrotizing gingivitis
258:Differential diagnosis
43:Necrotizing gingivitis
4221:Periodontal disorders
3995:Stomatognathic system
3897:Acinic cell carcinoma
3519:Glandular odontogenic
2671:Molluscum contagiosum
2132:Prevotella intermedia
2063:Chlamydia trachomatis
1577:Open flap debridement
1572:Lateral pedicle graft
1173:Chronic periodontitis
1133:Mucogingival junction
1128:Junctional epithelium
609:chronic periodontitis
607:(avitaminosis C) and
334:chronic periodontitis
151:and compromised host
133:Prevotella intermedia
4138:Oral Crohn's disease
4093:Basal cell carcinoma
3732:Condylar hyperplasia
3717:Maxillary hypoplasia
3283:Gingival enlargement
3216:periodontal ligament
2822:Verruciform xanthoma
2554:Condyloma acuminatum
2111:Tannerella forsythia
2104:Bacteroides fragilis
2054:Chlamydia pneumoniae
1934:Borrelia recurrentis
1902:Borrelia burgdorferi
1707:Paul Roscoe Stillman
1682:Willoughby D. Miller
1652:Per-Ingvar BrĂĄnemark
1479:Conventional therapy
1388:Vertical bony defect
1333:Gingival enlargement
1283:Entamoeba gingivalis
1138:Periodontal ligament
1108:Free gingival margin
732:10.1002/JPER.16-0642
315:interdental papillae
295:debridement (dental)
177:psychological stress
4148:Perioral dermatitis
3884:Pleomorphic adenoma
3864:Monomorphic adenoma
3854:Canalicular adenoma
3727:Condylar hypoplasia
3660:Condylar resorption
3504:Lateral periodontal
3463:Mandibular fracture
3362:Periodontal abscess
2959:Turner's hypoplasia
2727:Verrucous carcinoma
2676:Morsicatio buccarum
2656:Lupus erythematosus
2569:Erythema multiforme
2485:Stomatitis nicotina
2157:Lemierre's syndrome
1880:Treponema denticola
1722:James Leon Williams
1587:Socket preservation
1537:Free gingival graft
1419:Bleeding on probing
1373:Periodontal disease
1143:Sulcular epithelium
452:bacterial infection
432:herpetic stomatitis
275:toothbrush abrasion
234:interdental papilla
129:bacterial infection
4191:Facial hemiatrophy
4045:Periodic breathing
3976:Sjögren's syndrome
3849:Basal cell adenoma
3613:Torus mandibularis
3591:Periapical abscess
3574:Osteoradionecrosis
3499:Buccal bifurcation
3478:Intraosseous cysts
3367:Periodontal trauma
3271:Pyogenic granuloma
3118:Supernumerary root
3071:Pulp calcification
3059:Premature eruption
3030:Odontogenic tumors
2827:White sponge nevus
2800:Submucous fibrosis
2744:Smoker's melanosis
2631:Irritation fibroma
2470:High-arched palate
2378:Foliate papillitis
2368:Cunnilingus tongue
2353:Black hairy tongue
2283:Congenital lip pit
2042:Chlamydia psittaci
1868:Treponema carateum
1845:Treponema pallidum
1795:Bacterial diseases
1368:Periodontal pocket
1343:Gingival recession
1234:Capnocytophaga sp.
1015:External resources
379:Signs and symptoms
338:anaerobic bacteria
271:pemphigus vulgaris
4208:
4207:
4204:
4203:
4161:
4160:
4060:
4059:
3984:
3983:
3889:Sebaceous adenoma
3742:
3741:
3621:
3620:
3532:Median mandibular
3527:Nasopalatine duct
3443:Alveolar osteitis
3407:
3406:
3394:Perio-endo lesion
3276:Congenital epulis
3197:
3196:
2954:Enamel hypoplasia
2835:
2834:
2810:Riga–Fede disease
2661:Melanocytic nevus
2601:Hairy leukoplakia
2564:Epulis fissuratum
2498:
2497:
2438:
2437:
2388:Geographic tongue
2326:
2325:
2198:
2197:
2089:
2088:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2011:
1972:
1971:
1761:
1760:
1736:Other specialties
1692:John Mankey Riggs
1677:Preston D. Miller
1642:Tomas Albrektsson
1630:
1629:
1567:Implant placement
1542:Gingival grafting
1532:Crown lengthening
1467:
1466:
1434:Hydrogen peroxide
1291:Trichomonas tenax
1038:
1037:
617:Pasteur Institute
325:(periodontitis).
304:
303:
238:gingival bleeding
220:Diagnostic method
181:sleep deprivation
37:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
4243:
4167:
4066:
3990:
3859:Ductal papilloma
3748:
3627:
3524:Non-odontogenic:
3509:Globulomaxillary
3448:Buccal exostosis
3413:
3357:Peri-implantitis
3203:
2919:Dentin dysplasia
2841:
2817:Verruca vulgaris
2712:Mucosal melanoma
2559:Darier's disease
2534:Behçet's disease
2504:
2460:Bednar's aphthae
2444:
2332:
2318:Trumpeter's wart
2240:
2225:
2218:
2211:
2202:
2027:
1983:
1958:Borrelia parkeri
1952:Borrelia duttoni
1946:Borrelia hermsii
1924:Neuroborreliosis
1919:Erythema migrans
1908:Borrelia afzelii
1830:
1821:
1788:
1781:
1774:
1765:
1753:Prosthodontology
1712:Dennis P. Tarnow
1657:Robert Gottsegen
1476:
1328:Furcation defect
1161:
1065:
1058:
1051:
1042:
942:
930:
929:
921:
915:
914:
912:
911:
896:
890:
889:
879:
855:
849:
848:
830:
799:
798:
782:
772:
745:
744:
734:
710:
662:is compromised.
629:Vincent's angina
625:palatine tonsils
387:Severe gum pain.
66:
40:
21:
4251:
4250:
4246:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4211:
4210:
4209:
4200:
4172:
4157:
4113:Ludwig's angina
4074:
4056:
4015:Mouth breathing
4001:
3980:
3801:Pneumoparotitis
3774:Frey's syndrome
3755:
3753:Salivary glands
3738:
3646:
3617:
3596:Phoenix abscess
3429:
3425:hard tissues –
3403:
3325:Hypercementosis
3244:Cementoblastoma
3230:
3193:
2907:Dens evaginatus
2861:
2831:
2783:Denture-related
2768:Plasmoacanthoma
2694:Keratoacanthoma
2515:
2513:Lining of mouth
2494:
2490:Torus palatinus
2451:
2434:
2415:Lingual thyroid
2373:Fissured tongue
2363:Crenated tongue
2339:
2322:
2308:Nasolabial cyst
2293:Herpes labialis
2247:
2234:
2229:
2199:
2194:
2189:Haverhill fever
2137:
2085:
2008:
1968:
1885:
1825:Spirochaetaceae
1810:
1792:
1762:
1757:
1731:
1662:Gary Greenstein
1626:
1505:
1463:
1392:
1363:Occlusal trauma
1338:Gingival pocket
1296:
1212:
1152:
1123:Gingival sulcus
1118:Gingival fibers
1076:
1069:
1039:
1034:
1033:
1010:
1009:
953:
939:
934:
933:
923:
922:
918:
909:
907:
898:
897:
893:
857:
856:
852:
845:
832:
831:
802:
795:
774:
773:
748:
712:
711:
694:
689:
672:
597:
580:
564:
552:pain medication
536:
520:
504:
448:
381:
340:, particularly
187:, pre-existing
153:immune response
38:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Fusospirillosis
15:
12:
11:
5:
4249:
4247:
4239:
4238:
4236:Trench warfare
4233:
4228:
4223:
4213:
4212:
4206:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4181:Eagle syndrome
4177:
4174:
4173:
4170:
4163:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4103:Cystic hygroma
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4069:
4062:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4054:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4017:
4012:
4006:
4003:
4002:
3993:
3986:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3971:Sialolithiasis
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3931:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3902:Adenocarcinoma
3899:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3869:Myoepithelioma
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3797:
3796:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3751:
3744:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3735:
3734:
3729:
3719:
3714:
3713:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3630:
3623:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3616:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3599:
3598:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3577:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3542:Traumatic bone
3539:
3537:Median palatal
3534:
3529:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3416:
3409:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3337:
3332:
3330:Hypocementosis
3327:
3322:
3317:
3316:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3241:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3206:
3199:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3190:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3152:
3151:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3079:
3078:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3064:Neonatal teeth
3056:
3051:
3050:
3049:
3039:
3038:
3037:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3011:
3010:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2951:
2946:
2944:Ectopic enamel
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2844:
2837:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2813:
2812:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2739:Oral melanosis
2736:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2696:
2691:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2539:Bohn's nodules
2536:
2531:
2526:
2524:Amalgam tattoo
2520:
2517:
2516:
2507:
2500:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2440:
2439:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2344:
2341:
2340:
2335:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2220:
2213:
2205:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2185:Rat-bite fever
2175:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2147:
2145:
2143:Fusobacteriota
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2128:
2121:
2114:
2107:
2099:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2058:
2057:
2050:
2037:
2035:
2024:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
1993:
1991:
1980:
1978:Leptospiraceae
1974:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1942:
1929:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1897:
1895:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1883:
1876:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1840:
1838:
1827:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1803:proteobacteria
1793:
1791:
1790:
1783:
1776:
1768:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1748:Orthodontology
1745:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1482:
1480:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1287:
1279:
1272:
1265:
1258:
1251:
1244:
1237:
1230:
1222:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1169:
1167:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1098:Biologic width
1095:
1090:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1073:Periodontology
1070:
1068:
1067:
1060:
1053:
1045:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1007:
996:
985:
970:
954:
949:
948:
946:
945:Classification
938:
937:External links
935:
932:
931:
916:
891:
850:
843:
800:
793:
746:
691:
690:
688:
685:
684:
683:
678:
671:
668:
596:
593:
579:
576:
563:
560:
535:
532:
519:
518:Classification
516:
503:
500:
454:that includes
447:
444:
417:
416:
413:
403:
402:
391:
388:
380:
377:
342:Fusobacteriota
302:
301:
292:
288:
287:
282:
278:
277:
260:
254:
253:
246:pseudomembrane
222:
216:
215:
162:
156:
155:
126:
122:
121:
118:
112:
111:
91:
85:
84:
82:Periodontology
79:
73:
72:
68:
67:
59:
58:
49:
45:
44:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4248:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4175:
4168:
4164:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4083:Actinomycosis
4081:
4080:
4077:
4073:
4067:
4063:
4053:
4050:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4007:
4004:
4000:
3996:
3991:
3987:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3961:Sialodochitis
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3758:
3754:
3749:
3745:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3652:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3640:malocclusions
3637:
3633:
3628:
3624:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3608:Stafne defect
3606:
3604:
3601:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3560:
3559:Osteonecrosis
3557:
3555:
3554:Osteomyelitis
3552:
3550:
3547:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3480:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3435:
3432:
3428:
3427:Bones of jaws
3424:
3420:
3414:
3410:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3372:Periodontitis
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3352:Pericoronitis
3350:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3308:Granulomatous
3306:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3261:Eruption cyst
3259:
3257:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3204:
3200:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3168:
3165:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3153:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3130:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3088:Pulp necrosis
3086:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3048:
3047:Dens in dente
3045:
3044:
3043:
3040:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3004:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2939:Discoloration
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2842:
2838:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2646:Lichen planus
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2621:Herpes zoster
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2596:Fordyce spots
2594:
2592:
2589:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2574:Erythroplakia
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2505:
2501:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2445:
2441:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2358:Caviar tongue
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2348:Ankyloglossia
2346:
2345:
2342:
2338:
2333:
2329:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2313:Sun poisoning
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2246:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2226:
2221:
2219:
2214:
2212:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2019:
2004:
2003:Leptospirosis
2000:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1816:Spirochaetota
1813:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1799:gram negative
1796:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1777:
1775:
1770:
1769:
1766:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1743:Endodontology
1741:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1728:
1727:W. J. Younger
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1687:Carl E. Misch
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1378:Periodontitis
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1257:
1256:
1255:P. intermedia
1252:
1250:
1249:
1248:P. gingivalis
1245:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1193:Periodontosis
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1093:Alveolar bone
1091:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1066:
1061:
1059:
1054:
1052:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1006:
1002:
1001:
997:
995:
991:
990:
986:
984:
980:
979:
975:
971:
969:
965:
964:
960:
956:
955:
952:
947:
943:
936:
928:. p. 31.
927:
920:
917:
906:on 2011-06-05
905:
901:
895:
892:
887:
883:
878:
873:
869:
865:
861:
854:
851:
846:
844:9780443068188
840:
836:
829:
827:
825:
823:
821:
819:
817:
815:
813:
811:
809:
807:
805:
801:
796:
794:9781405160995
790:
786:
781:
780:
771:
769:
767:
765:
763:
761:
759:
757:
755:
753:
751:
747:
742:
738:
733:
728:
724:
720:
716:
709:
707:
705:
703:
701:
699:
697:
693:
686:
682:
679:
677:
674:
673:
669:
667:
663:
661:
660:immune system
657:
653:
649:
644:
640:
637:
632:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
594:
592:
588:
586:
577:
575:
573:
569:
561:
559:
557:
556:metronidazole
553:
549:
545:
541:
533:
531:
527:
525:
517:
515:
513:
509:
501:
499:
496:
494:
490:
486:
485:immune system
481:
479:
478:
473:
469:
468:
467:Fusobacterium
463:
462:
461:P. intermedia
457:
453:
445:
443:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
414:
411:
408:
407:
406:
400:
396:
392:
389:
386:
385:
384:
378:
376:
374:
371:arose during
370:
366:
365:metronidazole
362:
358:
354:
349:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
300:
299:metronidazole
296:
293:
289:
286:
283:
279:
276:
272:
268:
264:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
221:
217:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
191:, history of
190:
186:
183:, inadequate
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
163:
161:
157:
154:
150:
146:
145:Fusobacterium
142:
138:
134:
130:
127:
123:
119:
117:
116:Complications
113:
110:
107:
103:
99:
95:
92:
90:
86:
83:
80:
78:
74:
69:
65:
60:
57:
53:
50:
46:
41:
33:
19:
4071:
3998:
3934:Sialadenitis
3893:
3845:
3710:Scissor bite
3705:Retrognathia
3690:Overeruption
3670:Malocclusion
3643:
3523:
3482:
3473:Micrognathia
3426:
3417:Periapical,
3303:Desquamative
3227:
3208:Periodontium
3182:Acid erosion
3123:Taurodontism
3054:Open contact
2966:Enamel pearl
2934:Dilaceration
2897:Concrescence
2698:
2685:
2512:
2465:Cleft palate
2425:Microglossia
2420:Macroglossia
2405:Glossoptosis
2303:Microcheilia
2298:Macrocheilia
2178:
2169:
2162:
2150:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2095:Bacteroidota
2061:
2052:
2040:
2030:
1996:
1986:
1956:
1950:
1944:
1932:
1914:Lyme disease
1906:
1900:
1890:
1878:
1866:
1843:
1833:
1717:Hom-Lay Wang
1702:Jørgen Slots
1672:Brian Mealey
1547:Gingivectomy
1449:Tetracycline
1444:Oral hygiene
1289:
1281:
1274:
1269:T. denticola
1267:
1262:T. forsythia
1260:
1253:
1246:
1241:F. nucleatum
1239:
1232:
1225:
1088:Periodontium
1022:
998:
987:
972:
957:
925:
919:
908:. Retrieved
904:the original
894:
867:
863:
853:
834:
778:
725:: S85–S102.
722:
718:
664:
645:
641:
636:trench mouth
633:
598:
589:
581:
578:Epidemiology
568:periodontium
565:
548:mouth rinses
544:oral hygiene
537:
528:
521:
505:
497:
493:malnutrition
482:
475:
465:
459:
449:
436:Cancrum oris
418:
404:
382:
369:trench mouth
368:
350:
327:
310:
306:
305:
285:oral hygiene
213:orthodontics
185:oral hygiene
173:malnutrition
160:Risk factors
56:Trench mouth
55:
51:
4128:Microstomia
4118:Macrostomia
4108:Gnathophyma
4025:Catathrenia
4020:Sleep apnea
3951:Sialectasis
3494:Dentigerous
3484:Odontogenic
3313:Plasma cell
3249:Gigantiform
3025:Microdontia
3015:Macrodontia
2986:Hyperdontia
2681:Oral cancer
2641:Leukoplakia
2549:Candidiasis
2509:Oral mucosa
2430:Rhabdomyoma
2410:Hypoglossia
2271:Plasma cell
2047:Psittacosis
2022:Chlamydiota
1697:Jay Seibert
1647:Frank Beube
1486:Debridement
1276:Red complex
1024:MedlinePlus
681:Mouth ulcer
676:Canker sore
540:debridement
472:spirochetes
470:as well as
410:Foul breath
373:World War I
361:antibiotics
248:formation,
211:ethnicity,
149:Spirochetes
141:Selenomonas
120:Progression
48:Other names
32:Trenchmouth
4215:Categories
4088:Angioedema
3894:Malignant:
3874:Oncocytoma
3700:Prognathia
3489:periapical
3468:Microgenia
3419:mandibular
3377:Aggressive
3298:Gingivitis
3239:Cementicle
3177:Abfraction
3167:Tooth wear
3160:Edentulism
3155:Tooth loss
3108:Resorption
3093:Pulp polyp
3076:Pulp stone
3020:Meth mouth
2991:Hypodontia
2981:Gemination
2912:Talon cusp
2805:Ulceration
2773:Stomatitis
2751:Pemphigoid
2699:Malignant:
2651:Linea alba
2636:Leukoedema
2616:Herpangina
2584:Giant-cell
1988:Leptospira
1667:Jan Lindhe
1592:Sinus lift
1522:Bone graft
1409:Ante's law
1348:Gingivitis
1318:Edentulism
1000:DiseasesDB
910:2010-02-13
687:References
656:prevalence
508:leukocytes
474:, such as
346:spirochete
330:gingivitis
281:Prevention
189:gingivitis
98:bad breath
3956:Sialocele
3939:Parotitis
3680:Open bite
3675:Crossbite
3453:Cherubism
3423:maxillary
3256:Cementoma
3187:Attrition
3003:Impaction
2971:Fluorosis
2880:Anodontia
2875:Ankylosis
2763:Pemphigus
2383:Glossitis
2278:Cleft lip
2256:Cheilitis
2069:Chlamydia
2032:Chlamydia
1835:Treponema
1472:Treatment
1454:Triclosan
1439:Mouthwash
1286:(amoebic)
1218:Infection
1165:Diagnoses
1148:Stippling
741:0022-3492
634:The term
562:Prognosis
534:Treatment
502:Diagnosis
477:Treponema
456:anaerobes
395:ulcerated
363:(usually
348:species.
291:Treatment
250:halitosis
137:Treponema
77:Specialty
4231:Necrosis
3966:Sialosis
3917:Lymphoma
3789:Mucocele
3685:Overbite
3438:Agnathia
3399:Teething
3224:alveolus
3220:cementum
3172:Abrasion
3148:Occlusal
3133:Avulsion
3098:Pulpitis
3042:Odontoma
2788:Herpetic
2778:Aphthous
2288:Eclabium
2079:Trachoma
1892:Borrelia
1851:Syphilis
1610:Membrane
1429:Flossing
1414:Brushing
1323:Fremitus
1308:Calculus
1103:Cementum
886:19979715
670:See also
601:Xenophon
512:leukemia
458:such as
440:HIV/AIDS
226:necrosis
106:bleeding
89:Symptoms
4052:Snoring
4010:Bruxism
3846:Benign:
3695:Overjet
3655:Bruxism
3549:Osteoma
3387:Chronic
3212:gingiva
2686:Benign:
2579:Fibroma
2266:Angular
2261:Actinic
1797:due to
1605:Curette
1510:Surgery
1157:Disease
1113:Gingiva
1081:Anatomy
994:D005892
877:2017821
787:, 459.
648:sequela
621:pharynx
595:History
585:measles
426:and/or
420:Malaise
201:alcohol
197:tobacco
3794:Ranula
3266:Epulis
3128:Trauma
2976:Fusion
2885:Caries
2858:enamel
2854:dentin
2449:Palate
2337:Tongue
1620:Scaler
1601:Tools
1383:Plaque
1029:001044
884:
874:
841:
791:
739:
605:scurvy
446:Causes
125:Causes
4171:Other
2846:Teeth
1873:Pinta
1855:bejel
1615:Probe
1301:Other
1005:13866
968:A69.1
424:fever
397:with
230:ulcer
209:white
205:youth
203:use,
147:spp,
102:fever
4133:Noma
3638:and
3421:and
3226:) –
2850:pulp
2245:Lips
1860:Yaws
1801:non-
989:MeSH
978:9-CM
882:PMID
839:ISBN
789:ISBN
737:ISSN
623:and
550:and
464:and
399:dead
359:and
344:and
242:pain
199:and
169:AIDS
109:gums
94:pain
1807:BV4
983:101
974:ICD
959:ICD
872:PMC
785:413
727:doi
652:HIV
650:of
587:).
332:or
232:of
165:HIV
131:by
4217::
3997:–
3642:–
3634:,
3222:,
3218:,
3214:,
2856:,
2852:,
2511:–
1027::
1003::
992::
981::
966::
963:10
880:.
868:10
866:.
862:.
803:^
749:^
735:.
723:89
721:.
717:.
695:^
611:.
480:.
442:.
422:,
311:NG
297:,
273:,
269:,
265:,
244:,
240:,
236:;
228:,
207:,
195:,
179:,
175:,
171:,
143:,
139:,
135:,
104:,
100:,
96:,
54:,
52:NG
3486::
3210:(
2860:)
2848:(
2224:e
2217:t
2210:v
2191:)
2187:/
2183:(
2159:)
2155:(
2049:)
2045:(
2005:)
2001:(
1965:)
1961:(
1955:/
1949:/
1941:)
1937:(
1905:/
1875:)
1871:(
1853:/
1809:)
1805:(
1787:e
1780:t
1773:v
1075:)
1064:e
1057:t
1050:v
976:-
961:-
951:D
913:.
888:.
847:.
797:.
743:.
729::
412:.
309:(
252:)
167:/
34:.
20:)
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