433:. The small selenomonads have a rather low number of individual flagella inserted in a longitudinal row along the concave side whereas the large selenomonads have a much larger number, inserted into a circular patch of the cell membrane in the concave side in a close-packed (hexagonal) pattern, each flagellum inserted into a bullet-shaped structure at the cell membrane. Another interesting feature is the refractile body located beneath the massive flagella bundle characterizing the large crescents. It is not related morphologically to the ciliate blepharoplast (a "9+2" centriole-related structure found in
453:" region of the bacterial cell membrane in the middle of the concave side of the organism so that it lies directly behind the flagella. It appears to be unique in prokaryotes so far examined since in other bacteria possessing polar organelles, the structure is situated beside and around the flagella insertion bases in the cell membrane, but never lying behind them in the cytoplasm as in the case of the large selenomonad. The large crescents, with their unique morphology, still present many puzzles in their systematics. It is already clear from ultrastructural features that the genus
46:
462:
416:
403:). In the illustrated atlas of sheep rumen organisms of Moir and Masson their organisms nos. 4 and 5 represent two forms of the large Selenomonads. These crescents live only a short time under the light microscope but during that time display a remarkable "tumbling" motion produced by one (or two—during cell division)
429:
11-fold subunit symmetry), twisted just outside the cell body into helical bundles to form strong organs of propulsion. The large crescents (which are better described as "bean-shaped") have flagella which are quite differently inserted into the concave side of the cell from those of the smaller species of
428:
of thin sections, negative stains and freeze-fracture replicas. and many of the reasons for previous confusion were clarified. The "flagellum" was found to be quite unrelated to the flagellum of ciliate protozoa, instead consisting of a "fascicle" of numerous bacterial-type flagella (each displaying
457:
is most probably an artificial classification, bringing together possibly unrelated organisms, simply because of their common possession of crescent morphology and peculiar flagellar insertion location. Successful attempts to maintain the large crescents in continuous culture over short terms have
357:
provides a fascinating history of scientific discovery, involving placement then re-placement in the classification systematics, oscillating between animal and bacterial kingdoms. In early descriptions it was thought to be a protozoan and hence for a while received the name
407:
emanating from a refractile basal body on the concave side, which was first described by
Woodcock & LaPage, studied later by Lessel & Breed (with photomicrographic addendum from C. F. Robinow), then by Jeynes, who (mistakenly) interpreted it as a
419:
Large forms of
Selenomonas from enriched sheep rumen liquor after aldehyde fixation. Phase contrast 100x oil imm., electronic flash. Shows coiled-up flagella and dark linear region along concave side at flagella attachment
458:
been reported by Prins but long term culturing has not been possible so far. Genetic sequencing of the large crescents should provide the essential information required to better understand and classify these organisms.
304:. The unique cell morphology of certain large selenomonads (with its in-folding of the cell membrane behind the flagella) would indicate bilateral symmetry along the long axis—an unusual property for prokaryotes.
316:
has roots dating back to the 19th century—and beyond—since the features and movements of living (then unclassified) crescent-shaped microorganisms from the human mouth were first described by
4686:
1819:
492:
465:
Sketch of a sagittal longitudinal ultrathin section through an unidentified large selenomonad from sheep rumen liquor (which seems to correspond closely to descriptions of
2468:
2659:
2449:
2066:
449:). This flagella-associated structure observed in the large selenomonad can perhaps best be described as a "basal sac" formed by an invagination (in-folding) of the "
4660:
2453:
350:
4699:
2472:
496:
4523:
4032:
3463:
3025:
2801:
4634:
4673:
2652:
2587:
2095:
Moir, R.J. & Masson, M.J. (1952). "An illustrated scheme for the microscopic identification of the rumen micro-organisms of sheep".
506:
4725:
2697:
2645:
425:
2692:
320:
in 1683. During more recent years the crescent-shaped organism observed in ruminant stomachs has been variously described as:
2353:"Isolation, Culture and Fermentation Characteristics of Selenomonas ruminantium var. bryanti var. n. from the Rumen of Sheep"
4678:
4531:
2776:
2766:
2749:
2536:
2019:"Observations on Spirillum sputigenum and its relationship to Selenomonas species with special reference to flagellation"
1844:
Marchandin, H.; Teyssier, C.; Campos, J.; Jean-Pierre, H.; Roger, F.; Gay, B.; Carlier, J. -P.; Jumas-Bilak, E. (2009).
272:
This transfer now appears to have been mistaken. On further examination the
Selenomonads appear to be members of the
45:
2515:
3181:
477:
may be an indicator of change in oral microbial ecology and might be directly or indirectly involved in obesity.
4704:
4758:
2619:
2592:
2565:
1765:
513:
4048:
300:
simply refers to the crescent moon-shaped profile of this organism and not in any way to the chemical element
4500:
4344:
4140:
2781:
1770:
1650:
1236:
827:
633:
317:
114:
3412:
1456:
905:
4753:
4548:
4325:
3532:
3512:
2996:
537:
177:
3964:
3865:
3858:
3839:
3666:
3586:
3365:
2744:
2443:
2060:
1183:
877:
131:
4426:
4252:
4228:
4199:
4086:
4010:
3894:
3872:
3113:
1558:
4132:
3976:
3598:
3561:
3539:
3448:
3436:
97:
4730:
4608:
4395:
4332:
4214:
4108:
3424:
3353:
3330:
2947:
2910:
2858:
2192:
1263:
3998:
3827:
3617:
3579:
4507:
4401:
4156:
3949:
3879:
3491:
3335:
1790:
Von
Prowazek, S. (1913). "Zur Parasitologie von Westafrika" [Parasitology of West Africa].
4488:
4414:
3846:
2132:"Selenomonas Boskamp, 1922. A genus that includes species showing an unusual type of flagellation"
1596:
1203:
844:
365:
The most morphologically interesting members of the selenomonads are undoubtedly the large motile
168:(motile crescent-shaped bacteria in general) are referred to trivially as selenomonads. The genus
4450:
4240:
3937:
3629:
3479:
2761:
2739:
2727:
2702:
2210:
1582:
688:
486:
289:
217:
40:
4712:
4665:
4595:
4187:
3748:
3654:
2771:
2734:
2722:
2712:
2431:
2382:
2333:
2284:
2161:
2112:
2048:
1944:
1891:
1792:
Zentralblatt für
Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene, Abteilung I
1386:
957:
4586:
3190:
1850:
gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from human clinical samples, emended description of the family
4717:
4406:
4164:
4119:
4072:
3910:
3076:
2686:
2421:
2413:
2372:
2364:
2323:
2315:
2274:
2241:
2200:
2151:
2143:
2104:
2038:
2030:
1934:
1926:
1911:"A genomic update on Clostridial phylogeny: Gram-negative spore formers and other misplaced
1881:
2262:
4457:
4361:
4174:
4169:
3923:
3725:
3703:
3518:
3231:
3202:
3152:
2987:
2882:
2850:
450:
256:
228:
212:
87:
2196:
4437:
4376:
4367:
4264:
4220:
4028:
3991:
3905:
3797:
3738:
3241:
3218:
2921:
2834:
2821:
2816:
2717:
2637:
2426:
2401:
1939:
1910:
424:
Years later, preparations of native rumen contents were examined for the first time by
374:
192:
are now in culture but many, especially the large selenomonads are not, owing to their
138:
2377:
2352:
2328:
2303:
2156:
2131:
2043:
2018:
1998:
Woodcock, H. M. & G. Lapage (1914). "On a remarkable type of protistan parasite".
4747:
4443:
4097:
3816:
3756:
3733:
3672:
3459:
3342:
3320:
3289:
3263:
3164:
2978:
2869:
2845:
2826:
2797:
1963:
266:
261:
234:
222:
193:
77:
4303:
4293:
4017:
3809:
3781:
3690:
3610:
3546:
3401:
3376:
3299:
2895:
2877:
2319:
2214:
2147:
123:
4600:
2368:
2034:
4647:
4580:
4275:
4179:
3786:
3713:
2230:"Analysis of the Genus Selenomonas with respect to its transfer to the Protozoa"
249:
107:
4571:
288:
comes from the
Ancient Greek noun selênê (σελήνη), meaning the moon, a linking
4388:
4280:
4059:
3791:
3718:
3055:
3021:
2901:
2668:
2279:
1979:
Certes, A. (1889). "Note sur les micro-organismes de la panse des ruminants".
461:
434:
409:
385:
370:
245:
205:
189:
2614:
2417:
4621:
3771:
3037:
2246:
2229:
2108:
1930:
1294:
240:
185:
67:
2435:
2165:
2116:
2052:
1948:
1895:
1886:
1845:
17:
2494:
2386:
2337:
2288:
4691:
4565:
2756:
2672:
2560:
2263:"Ultrastructural studies on Selenomonas ruminantium from the sheep rumen"
1815:
473:
With regard to the small selenomonads, research on obesity suggests that
404:
378:
366:
301:
57:
4639:
3043:
396:
173:
147:
4652:
2205:
2180:
415:
388:
293:
181:
4542:
172:
constitutes a group of motile crescent-shaped bacteria and includes
4626:
2234:
International
Bulletin of Bacteriological Nomenclature and Taxonomy
296:(μόνας) which in microbiology has come to mean bacterium. The name
460:
414:
381:
1874:
International
Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
2017:
MacDonald, J. B. Madlener, E. M. & Socransky, S. S. (1959).
4546:
2641:
4613:
2400:
J.M. Goodson, D. Groppo, S. Halem1, and E. Carpino (2009).
2181:"Taxonomic position of the Genus Selenomonas (von Prowazek"
1820:
List of
Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
493:
List of
Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
2304:"Growth, structure, and classification of Selenomonas"
188:. A number of smaller forms discovered with the light
2302:
Kingsley V V & Hoeniger J F M (1 December 1973).
2261:
Chalcroft J.P; Bullivant S & Howard B.H. (1973).
4555:
4480:
4354:
4155:
4040:
4027:
3770:
3702:
3644:
3571:
3471:
3458:
3394:
3313:
3282:
3275:
3180:
3020:
2968:
2809:
2796:
491:The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the
1965:Antony van Leeuwenhoek and his "little animals"
2653:
2473:National Center for Biotechnology Information
1655:(Certes 1899) Woodcock & Lapage 1913-1914
497:National Center for Biotechnology Information
8:
2448:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2065:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
196:and incompletely known growth requirements.
2130:Lessel, E.F. Jr. & Breed, R.S. (1954).
4543:
4037:
3468:
3279:
2806:
2660:
2646:
2638:
2452:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2000:Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science
31:
2425:
2376:
2327:
2278:
2245:
2204:
2155:
2042:
1938:
1885:
1839:
1837:
1968:. New York, Harcourt, Brace and company.
501:
2402:"Is Obesity an Oral Bacterial Disease?"
1782:
2441:
2058:
1809:
1807:
1805:
512:120 single copy marker proteins based
349:As can be ascertained from the above
238:. Despite most of the members of the
7:
1625:
1603:
1574:
1550:
1448:
1426:
1402:
1378:
1330:
1323:
1301:
1289:
1282:
1255:
1228:
1175:
1168:
1161:
1035:
983:
976:
949:
924:
897:
869:
819:
812:
732:
707:
680:
605:
580:
570:
563:
556:
529:
522:
1866:fam. nov. in the bacterial phylum
25:
426:transmission electron microscopy
395:) and even pockets in the human
252:called "low-GC Gram-positives" (
44:
2516:"LTP_all tree in newick format"
2267:Journal of General Microbiology
2320:10.1128/MMBR.37.4.479-521.1973
2148:10.1128/MMBR.18.3.165-169.1954
1848:Negativicoccus succinicivorans
269:and possess a double bilayer.
1:
2369:10.1128/JB.105.3.820-825.1971
1909:Yutin N, Galperin MY (2013).
2035:10.1128/JB.77.5.559-565.1959
2537:"LTP_08_2023 Release Notes"
1107:species‑group 4
786:species‑group 2
663:species‑group 3
4775:
2406:Journal of Dental Research
1188:(Flügge 1886) Boskamp 1922
882:(Flügge 1886) Boskamp 1922
618:(Bryant 1956) Hungate 1966
484:
284:The etymology of the name
244:staining positive for the
203:
4517:
4054:"Acidulodesulfobacteriia"
2680:
2280:10.1099/00221287-79-1-135
1647:
1630:
1623:
1608:
1601:
1579:
1572:
1555:
1548:
1470:
1453:
1446:
1431:
1424:
1407:
1400:
1383:
1376:
1352:
1335:
1328:
1321:
1306:
1299:
1287:
1280:
1260:
1253:
1233:
1226:
1200:
1180:
1173:
1166:
1058:
1040:
1033:
1006:
988:
981:
974:
954:
947:
929:
922:
902:
895:
874:
867:
841:
824:
817:
810:
755:
737:
730:
712:
705:
685:
678:
638:(Certes 1899) Wenyon 1926
630:
610:
603:
585:
578:
568:
561:
554:
534:
527:
511:
504:
153:
146:
129:
122:
41:Scientific classification
39:
34:
4311:"Thermodesulfovibrionia"
4049:Acidulodesulfobacteriota
3064:"Thermosediminibacteria"
3002:"Marinamargulisbacteria"
2620:Genome Taxonomy Database
2593:Genome Taxonomy Database
2566:Genome Taxonomy Database
2475:(NCBI) taxonomy database
2418:10.1177/0022034509338353
1766:List of bacterial orders
1411:Selenomonas massiliensis
331:Selenomastix ruminantium
4345:Thermodesulfobacteriota
4146:"Thermosulfidibacteria"
3005:"Riflemargulisbacteria"
2561:"GTDB release 08-RS214"
2308:Bacteriological Reviews
2247:10.1099/0096266X-6-2-53
2109:10.1002/path.1700640210
1981:Bull. Soc. Zool. France
1931:10.1111/1462-2920.12173
1771:List of bacteria genera
1634:Selenomonas lactilytica
1611:Selenomonas montiformis
715:Selenomonas montiformis
634:Selenomonas ruminantium
614:Selenomonas lactilytica
343:Selenomonas ruminantium
325:Ancyromonas ruminantium
318:Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
308:History and description
178:gastrointestinal tracts
4501:Salinosulfoleibacteria
4319:"Lambdaproteobacteria"
4141:Thermosulfidibacterota
3418:"Macinerneyibacteriia"
3061:"Thermoanaerobacteria"
2988:Vampirovibrionophyceae
2588:"bac120_r214.sp_label"
2438:. NIHMSID NIHMS131569.
1887:10.1099/ijs.0.013102-0
758:Selenomonas lipolytica
538:Selenomonas lacticifex
470:
421:
3413:Macinerneyibacteriota
2228:Jeynes, M.H. (1956).
2179:Jeynes, M.H. (1955).
2080:Wenyon, C.M. (1926).
1457:Centipeda periodontii
1309:Selenomonas artemidis
1184:Selenomonas sputigena
991:Selenomonas artemidis
906:Centipeda periodontii
878:Selenomonas sputigena
542:Schleifer et al. 1990
464:
418:
337:Spirillum ruminantium
162:Members of the genus
132:Selenomonas sputigena
4396:Polarisedimenticolia
4384:"Guanabaribacteriia"
4326:Schekmaniibacteriota
4067:"Desulfurobacteriia"
3982:"Handelsmanbacteria"
3970:"Krumholzibacteriia"
3533:Firestoneibacteriota
3513:Desantisiibacteriota
3331:Coprothermobacterota
3211:"Absconditabacteria"
3128:"Desulfitobacteriia"
2997:Margulisiibacteriota
2467:Sayers; et al.
2351:Prins, R.A. (1971).
2097:J. Pathol. Bacteriol
2082:Protozoology, Vol. 1
1744:Unassigned species:
1355:Selenomonas flueggei
1268:Krumholz et al. 1993
1061:Selenomonas flueggei
935:Antezack et al. 2021
718:Wylensek et al. 2021
591:Poothong et al. 2023
184:, in particular the
4530:Alternative views:
4402:Thermoanaerobaculia
4205:"Anaeroferrophilia"
4157:Deltaproteobacteria
4129:Desulfobacterota G
3992:Neomarinimicrobiota
3965:Krumholzibacteriota
3866:Edwardsiibacteriota
3592:"Hinthialibacteria"
3371:"Thermodesulfobiia"
3336:Coprothermobacteria
3148:"Halanaerobiaeota"
3096:"Thermaerobacteria"
2983:"Sericytochromatia"
2197:1955Natur.176.1077J
1962:Dobell, C. (1932).
1854:and description of
1473:Selenomonas timonae
1434:Selenomonas infelix
1241:Gylswyk et al. 1997
1009:Selenomonas infelix
932:Selenomonas timonae
743:Zhang and Dong 2009
4258:"Methylomirabilia"
4208:"Deferrimicrobiia"
4092:"Calescibacteriia"
3918:"Raymondbacteriia"
3900:"Fermentibacteria"
3859:Delongiibacteriota
3840:Coatesiibacteriota
3667:Lindowiibacteriota
3587:Hinthialibacterota
3366:Thermodesulfobiota
3214:"Andersenbacteria"
3140:"Syntrophomonadia"
3131:"Desulfotomaculia"
3122:"Carboxydothermia"
2953:"Eudoremicrobiia"
2938:"Heboniibacteriia"
2191:(December): 1077.
1864:Acidaminococcaceae
1043:Selenomonas dianae
588:Selenomonas caprae
487:Bacterial taxonomy
471:
422:
369:found in the warm
312:The literature on
259:), members of the
141:1886) Boskamp 1922
4741:
4740:
4713:Open Tree of Life
4549:Taxon identifiers
4540:
4539:
4476:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4427:Leptospirillaeota
4381:"Fischerbacteria"
4253:Methylomirabilota
4229:Desulfuromonadota
4200:Deferrimicrobiota
4124:"Deferribacteria"
4087:Calescibacteriota
4077:"Campylobacteria"
4011:Tianyaibacteriota
3985:"Latescibacteria"
3895:Fermentibacterota
3873:Eiseniibacteriota
3775:(Sphingobacteria)
3749:Verrucomicrobiota
3707:(Planctobacteria)
3604:"Hydrogenedentia"
3506:"Tritonobacteria"
3390:
3389:
3256:"Saccharimonadia"
3237:"Howlettbacteria"
3176:
3175:
3160:"Selenobacteria"
3125:"Dehalobacteriia"
3119:"Carboxydocellia"
3114:Desulfotomaculota
3104:"Hydrogenisporia"
3093:"Symbiobacteriia"
3082:"Proteinivoracia"
2926:"Abditibacteriia"
2839:"Geothermincolia"
2206:10.1038/1761077a0
1919:Environ Microbiol
1755:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1728:
1727:
1719:
1718:
1710:
1709:
1701:
1700:
1692:
1691:
1683:
1682:
1674:
1673:
1665:
1664:
1656:
1559:Selenomonas bovis
1537:
1536:
1528:
1527:
1519:
1518:
1510:
1509:
1501:
1500:
1492:
1491:
1483:
1482:
1387:Selenomonas noxia
1365:
1364:
1339:Selenomonas felix
1269:
1242:
1215:
1214:
1189:
1156:
1155:
1147:
1146:
1138:
1137:
1129:
1128:
1120:
1119:
1111:
1110:
1101:
1100:
1092:
1091:
1083:
1082:
1074:
1073:
1065:
1064:Moore et al. 1987
1047:
1046:Moore et al. 1987
1022:
1021:
1013:
1012:Moore et al. 1987
995:
994:Moore et al. 1987
963:
962:Moore et al. 1987
958:Selenomonas noxia
936:
883:
856:
855:
799:
798:
790:
789:
780:
779:
771:
770:
762:
761:Dighe et al. 1998
744:
740:Selenomonas bovis
719:
667:
666:
657:
656:
648:
647:
639:
619:
592:
543:
232:in the new class
226:to the new order
160:
159:
118:
27:Genus of bacteria
16:(Redirected from
4766:
4734:
4733:
4721:
4720:
4708:
4707:
4695:
4694:
4682:
4681:
4669:
4668:
4656:
4655:
4643:
4642:
4630:
4629:
4617:
4616:
4604:
4603:
4591:
4590:
4589:
4576:
4575:
4574:
4544:
4432:"Leptospirillia"
4407:Vicinamibacteria
4338:"Entotheonellia"
4234:Desulfuromonadia
4165:Bdellovibrionota
4133:Syntrophorhabdia
4120:Deferribacterota
4073:Campylobacterota
4038:
3977:Latescibacterota
3911:Chitinivibrionia
3888:"Tariuqbacteria"
3761:Verrucomicrobiia
3599:Hydrogenedentota
3562:Ratteibacteriota
3555:"Velamenicoccia"
3540:Goldiibacteriota
3503:"Erginobacteria"
3497:"Ancaeobacteria"
3469:
3449:Walliibacteriota
3437:Rifleibacteriota
3430:"Muiribacteriia"
3359:"Lithacetigenia"
3280:
3250:"Microgenomatia"
3227:"Doudnabacteria"
3072:"Dethiobacteria"
3031:
3011:"Termititenacia"
2975:Cyanobacteriota
2959:"Eremiobacteria"
2890:"Limnocylindria"
2864:"Bipolaricaulia"
2807:
2709:
2689:
2662:
2655:
2648:
2639:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2557:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2541:
2533:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2512:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2447:
2439:
2429:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2380:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2331:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2282:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2208:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2159:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2064:
2056:
2046:
2014:
2008:
2007:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1942:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1889:
1880:(6): 1271–1279.
1841:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1811:
1800:
1799:
1787:
1753:
1654:
1626:
1604:
1575:
1551:
1449:
1427:
1403:
1379:
1331:
1324:
1302:
1290:
1283:
1267:
1256:
1240:
1229:
1187:
1176:
1169:
1162:
1063:
1045:
1036:
1011:
993:
984:
977:
961:
950:
934:
925:
898:
881:
870:
820:
813:
760:
742:
733:
717:
708:
681:
637:
617:
606:
590:
581:
571:
564:
557:
541:
530:
523:
502:
437:such as cycads,
113:
98:Selenomonadaceae
49:
48:
32:
21:
4774:
4773:
4769:
4768:
4767:
4765:
4764:
4763:
4759:Bacteria genera
4744:
4743:
4742:
4737:
4729:
4724:
4716:
4711:
4703:
4698:
4690:
4685:
4677:
4672:
4664:
4659:
4651:
4646:
4638:
4633:
4625:
4620:
4612:
4607:
4599:
4594:
4585:
4584:
4579:
4570:
4569:
4564:
4551:
4541:
4536:
4524:Bergey's Manual
4513:
4468:
4463:"Pseudomonadia"
4373:"Aminicenantia"
4362:Acidobacteriota
4350:
4333:Tectimicrobiota
4215:Deferrisomatota
4175:Bdellovibrionia
4170:Bacteriovoracia
4151:
4109:Dadaibacteriota
4031:
4023:
4018:Zixiibacteriota
4004:"Marinisomatia"
3958:"Stahlbacteria"
3931:"Glassbacteria"
3924:Gemmatimonadota
3833:"Cloacimonadia"
3798:Ignavibacteriia
3774:
3766:
3753:Kiritimatiellia
3743:"Uabimicrobiia"
3726:Planctomycetota
3706:
3698:
3647:bacteriobiontes
3646:
3640:
3623:"Saltatorellae"
3567:
3519:Elusimicrobiota
3462:
3454:
3442:"Ozemibacteria"
3425:Muiribacteriota
3386:
3354:Lithacetigenota
3343:Dictyoglomerota
3309:
3271:
3259:"Torokbacteria"
3253:"Paceibacteria"
3247:"Kazanbacteria"
3232:Gracilibacteria
3224:"Dojkabacteria"
3203:Patescibacteria
3196:"Elulimicrobia"
3172:
3090:"Sulfobacillia"
3029:
3028:
3024:
3016:
3008:"Saganbacteria"
2969:Cyanoprokaryota
2964:
2948:Eremiobacterota
2916:"Dormibacteria"
2911:Dormiibacterota
2887:Ktedonobacteria
2883:Dehalococcoidia
2859:Bipolaricaulota
2851:Thermoleophilia
2842:"Humimicrobiia"
2800:
2792:
2791:
2707:
2685:
2676:
2666:
2636:
2635:
2625:
2623:
2615:"Taxon History"
2613:
2612:
2608:
2598:
2596:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2571:
2569:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2478:
2476:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2440:
2399:
2398:
2394:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2260:
2259:
2255:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2057:
2016:
2015:
2011:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1860:Selenomonadales
1852:Veillonellaceae
1843:
1842:
1835:
1825:
1823:
1813:
1812:
1803:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1779:
1762:
1738:
1729:
1720:
1711:
1702:
1693:
1684:
1675:
1666:
1538:
1529:
1520:
1511:
1502:
1493:
1484:
1366:
1216:
1157:
1148:
1139:
1130:
1121:
1112:
1102:
1093:
1084:
1075:
1023:
857:
800:
791:
781:
772:
668:
658:
649:
505:16S rRNA based
489:
483:
451:polar organelle
441:and algae e.g.
310:
282:
257:Bacterial phyla
229:Selenomonadales
220:from the order
213:Veillonellaceae
208:
202:
142:
135:
112:
88:Selenomonadales
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4772:
4770:
4762:
4761:
4756:
4746:
4745:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4735:
4722:
4709:
4696:
4683:
4670:
4657:
4644:
4631:
4618:
4605:
4592:
4577:
4561:
4559:
4553:
4552:
4547:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4528:
4518:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4511:
4504:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4484:
4482:
4478:
4477:
4474:
4473:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4466:
4465:
4464:
4461:
4454:
4447:
4438:Pseudomonadota
4435:
4434:
4433:
4423:
4422:
4421:
4411:
4410:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4392:
4385:
4382:
4379:
4377:Blastocatellia
4374:
4371:
4368:Acidobacteriia
4358:
4356:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4348:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4329:
4322:
4321:
4320:
4314:
4313:
4312:
4309:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4291:
4290:
4289:
4286:
4285:"Bradymonadia"
4283:
4273:
4272:
4271:
4270:"Moduliflexia"
4261:
4260:
4259:
4249:
4248:
4247:
4237:
4236:
4235:
4225:
4224:
4223:
4221:Deferrisomatia
4211:
4210:
4209:
4206:
4196:
4195:
4194:
4184:
4183:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4161:
4159:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4148:
4147:
4137:
4136:
4135:
4127:
4126:
4125:
4117:
4116:
4115:
4114:"Dadabacteria"
4105:
4104:
4103:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4078:
4070:
4069:
4068:
4065:
4057:
4056:
4055:
4044:
4042:
4035:
4029:Proteobacteria
4025:
4024:
4022:
4021:
4014:
4007:
4006:
4005:
3999:Marinisomatota
3995:
3988:
3987:
3986:
3983:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3961:
3960:
3959:
3956:
3955:"Hydrothermia"
3946:
3945:
3944:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3929:
3928:Gemmatimonadia
3921:
3920:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3906:Fibrobacterota
3903:
3902:
3901:
3891:
3890:
3889:
3886:
3885:"Electryoneia"
3876:
3869:
3862:
3855:
3854:
3853:
3852:"Cosmopolitia"
3843:
3836:
3835:
3834:
3828:Cloacimonadota
3824:
3823:
3822:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3807:
3804:
3803:"Kapabacteria"
3801:
3794:
3789:
3778:
3776:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3763:
3762:
3759:
3754:
3746:
3745:
3744:
3741:
3739:Planctomycetia
3736:
3731:
3723:
3722:
3721:
3710:
3708:
3700:
3699:
3697:
3696:
3695:
3694:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3680:"Brachyspirae"
3678:
3677:"Brevinematia"
3670:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3650:
3648:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3626:
3625:
3624:
3618:Saltatorellota
3614:
3611:Poribacteriota
3607:
3606:
3605:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3583:
3580:Abyssubacteria
3575:
3573:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3565:
3558:
3557:
3556:
3553:
3543:
3536:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3524:
3523:Elusimicrobiia
3516:
3509:
3508:
3507:
3504:
3501:
3500:"Auribacteria"
3498:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3475:
3473:
3466:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3452:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3409:
3408:
3407:
3402:Fusobacteriota
3398:
3396:
3392:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3347:Dictyoglomeria
3340:
3339:
3338:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3317:
3315:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3305:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3286:
3284:
3277:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3260:
3257:
3254:
3251:
3248:
3245:
3242:Katanobacteria
3238:
3235:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3219:Berkelbacteria
3215:
3212:
3209:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3186:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3168:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3143:"Thermincolia"
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3110:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3083:
3080:
3077:Natranaerobiia
3073:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3049:
3048:
3047:
3034:
3032:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2984:
2981:
2972:
2970:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2957:
2951:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2935:Fimbriimonadia
2933:
2932:Chthonomonadia
2930:
2927:
2922:Armatimonadota
2919:
2918:
2917:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2888:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2835:Coriobacteriia
2832:
2831:"Aquicultoria"
2829:
2824:
2822:Acidimicrobiia
2817:Actinomycetota
2813:
2811:
2804:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2782:Mesomycetozoea
2779:
2774:
2764:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2718:Diaphoretickes
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2682:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2675:classification
2667:
2665:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2642:
2634:
2633:
2606:
2579:
2552:
2528:
2507:
2486:
2459:
2412:(6): 519–523.
2392:
2363:(3): 820–825.
2343:
2314:(4): 479–521.
2294:
2273:(1): 135–146.
2253:
2220:
2171:
2142:(3): 165–169.
2136:Bacteriol. Rev
2122:
2103:(2): 343–350.
2087:
2072:
2029:(5): 559–565.
2009:
1990:
1971:
1954:
1901:
1862:ord. nov. and
1858:classis nov.,
1833:
1801:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1756:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1651:S. ruminantium
1646:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1629:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1607:
1602:
1600:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1578:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1554:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1430:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1406:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1334:
1329:
1327:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1305:
1300:
1298:
1288:
1286:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1232:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1179:
1174:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1005:
1002:
1001:
998:
997:
987:
982:
980:
975:
973:
970:
969:
966:
965:
953:
948:
946:
943:
942:
939:
938:
928:
923:
921:
915:
914:
911:
910:
901:
896:
894:
891:
890:
887:
886:
873:
868:
866:
863:
862:
859:
858:
854:
853:
850:
849:
840:
837:
836:
833:
832:
823:
818:
816:
811:
809:
806:
805:
802:
801:
797:
796:
793:
792:
788:
787:
783:
782:
778:
777:
774:
773:
769:
768:
765:
764:
754:
751:
750:
747:
746:
736:
731:
729:
726:
725:
722:
721:
711:
706:
704:
698:
697:
694:
693:
684:
679:
677:
674:
673:
670:
669:
665:
664:
660:
659:
655:
654:
651:
650:
646:
645:
642:
641:
629:
626:
625:
622:
621:
609:
604:
602:
599:
598:
595:
594:
584:
579:
577:
569:
567:
562:
560:
555:
553:
550:
549:
546:
545:
533:
528:
526:
521:
518:
517:
510:
485:Main article:
482:
479:
375:microecosystem
373:nutrient-rich
347:
346:
340:
334:
328:
309:
306:
281:
278:
201:
198:
176:living in the
158:
157:
151:
150:
144:
143:
136:
127:
126:
120:
119:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4771:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4754:Negativicutes
4752:
4751:
4749:
4732:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4701:
4697:
4693:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4662:
4658:
4654:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4636:
4632:
4628:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4610:
4606:
4602:
4597:
4593:
4588:
4582:
4578:
4573:
4567:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4558:
4554:
4550:
4545:
4533:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4520:
4519:
4516:
4509:
4508:Teskebacteria
4505:
4502:
4498:
4494:"Qinglongiia"
4493:
4492:
4490:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4479:
4462:
4459:
4458:Magnetococcia
4455:
4452:
4451:Mariprofundia
4448:
4445:
4444:Caulobacteria
4441:
4440:
4439:
4436:
4431:
4430:
4428:
4424:
4420:"Canglongiia"
4419:
4418:
4416:
4412:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4397:
4393:
4390:
4386:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4369:
4365:
4364:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4353:
4346:
4342:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4330:
4327:
4323:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4305:
4302:
4297:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4277:
4274:
4269:
4268:
4266:
4265:Moduliflexota
4262:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4250:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4238:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4226:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4212:
4207:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4158:
4154:
4145:
4144:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4123:
4122:
4121:
4118:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4106:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4098:Chrysiogenota
4096:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4084:
4080:Desulfurellia
4079:
4076:
4075:
4074:
4071:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4058:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4019:
4015:
4012:
4008:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3996:
3993:
3989:
3984:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3974:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3962:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3950:Hydrothermota
3947:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3935:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3925:
3922:
3917:
3915:Fibrobacteria
3914:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3892:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3880:Electryoneota
3877:
3874:
3870:
3867:
3863:
3860:
3856:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3825:
3820:
3819:
3818:
3817:Calditrichota
3815:
3811:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3760:
3758:
3757:Lentisphaeria
3755:
3752:
3751:
3750:
3747:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3734:Phycisphaeria
3732:
3729:
3728:
3727:
3724:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3705:
3701:
3692:
3688:
3686:"Leptospiria"
3685:
3683:"Exilispiria"
3682:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3673:Spirochaetota
3671:
3668:
3664:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3643:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3627:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3596:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3584:
3581:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3570:
3563:
3559:
3554:
3552:"Omnitrophia"
3551:
3550:
3548:
3544:
3541:
3537:
3534:
3530:
3526:Endomicrobiia
3525:
3522:
3521:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3510:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3492:Auribacterota
3489:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3460:Hydrobacteria
3457:
3450:
3446:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3434:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3410:
3406:Fusobacteriia
3405:
3404:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3395:Fusobacterida
3393:
3381:"Thermotogia"
3380:
3379:
3378:
3375:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3363:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3351:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3341:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3329:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3321:Caldisericota
3319:
3318:
3316:
3312:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3298:
3293:
3292:
3291:
3290:Atribacterota
3288:
3287:
3285:
3283:Synergistetes
3281:
3278:
3274:
3265:
3264:Wirthbacteria
3261:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3229:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3216:
3213:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3200:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3179:
3166:
3165:Selenomonadia
3162:
3161:
3159:
3154:
3153:Halanaerobiia
3150:
3149:
3147:
3142:
3139:
3137:"Peptococcia"
3136:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3081:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3045:
3041:
3040:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3010:
3007:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2989:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2979:Cyanobacteria
2977:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2945:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2929:Armatimonadia
2928:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2920:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2908:
2903:
2899:
2898:
2897:
2894:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:"Caldilineia"
2873:
2872:
2871:
2870:Chloroflexota
2868:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2846:Rubrobacteria
2844:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2827:Actinomycetia
2825:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2802:BV1, BV3, BV5
2799:
2798:Terrabacteria
2795:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2755:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2745:Stramenopiles
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2708:(major groups
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2674:
2670:
2663:
2658:
2656:
2651:
2649:
2644:
2643:
2640:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2610:
2607:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2583:
2580:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2538:
2532:
2529:
2517:
2511:
2508:
2496:
2490:
2487:
2474:
2470:
2469:"Selenomonas"
2463:
2460:
2455:
2451:
2445:
2437:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2396:
2393:
2388:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2347:
2344:
2339:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2298:
2295:
2290:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2257:
2254:
2248:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2224:
2221:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2175:
2172:
2167:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2126:
2123:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2091:
2088:
2083:
2076:
2073:
2068:
2062:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2013:
2010:
2005:
2001:
1994:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1966:
1958:
1955:
1950:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1914:
1905:
1902:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1856:Negativicutes
1853:
1849:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1821:
1817:
1816:"Selenomonas"
1814:J.P. Euzéby.
1810:
1808:
1806:
1802:
1798:(1/2): 32–36.
1797:
1793:
1786:
1783:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1759:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1745:
1733:
1732:
1724:
1723:
1715:
1714:
1706:
1705:
1697:
1696:
1688:
1687:
1679:
1678:
1670:
1669:
1661:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1652:
1645:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1628:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1584:
1577:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1553:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1533:
1532:
1524:
1523:
1515:
1514:
1506:
1505:
1497:
1496:
1488:
1487:
1479:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1458:
1451:
1450:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1405:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1381:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1361:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1333:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1265:
1258:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1231:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1178:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1152:
1151:
1143:
1142:
1134:
1133:
1125:
1124:
1116:
1115:
1106:
1105:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1087:
1079:
1078:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1004:
1003:
1000:
999:
996:
992:
986:
985:
979:
978:
972:
971:
968:
967:
964:
960:
959:
952:
951:
945:
944:
941:
940:
937:
933:
927:
926:
920:
917:
916:
913:
912:
909:
908:
907:
900:
899:
893:
892:
889:
888:
885:
880:
879:
872:
871:
865:
864:
861:
860:
852:
851:
848:
847:
846:
839:
838:
835:
834:
831:
830:
829:
822:
821:
815:
814:
808:
807:
804:
803:
795:
794:
785:
784:
776:
775:
767:
766:
763:
759:
753:
752:
749:
748:
745:
741:
735:
734:
728:
727:
724:
723:
720:
716:
710:
709:
703:
700:
699:
696:
695:
692:
691:
690:
683:
682:
676:
675:
672:
671:
662:
661:
653:
652:
644:
643:
640:
636:
635:
628:
627:
624:
623:
620:
615:
608:
607:
601:
600:
597:
596:
593:
589:
583:
582:
576:
573:
572:
566:
565:
559:
558:
552:
551:
548:
547:
544:
540:
539:
532:
531:
525:
524:
520:
519:
515:
508:
503:
500:
498:
494:
488:
480:
478:
476:
468:
463:
459:
456:
452:
448:
447:Chlamydomonas
444:
440:
439:Ginkgo biloba
436:
432:
427:
417:
413:
411:
410:blepharoplast
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
387:
383:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
361:
356:
352:
344:
341:
338:
335:
332:
329:
326:
323:
322:
321:
319:
315:
307:
305:
303:
299:
295:
292:and the noun
291:
287:
279:
277:
275:
270:
268:
267:Gram-negative
264:
263:
262:Negativicutes
258:
255:
251:
247:
243:
242:
237:
236:
235:Negativicutes
231:
230:
225:
224:
223:Eubacteriales
219:
215:
214:
207:
199:
197:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
166:
156:
152:
149:
145:
140:
134:
133:
128:
125:
121:
116:
111:
110:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
89:
86:
83:
82:
79:
78:Negativicutes
76:
73:
72:
69:
66:
63:
62:
59:
56:
53:
52:
47:
42:
38:
33:
30:
19:
4556:
4522:
4489:Qinglongiota
4415:Canglongiota
4304:Nitrospirota
4294:Nitrospinota
4246:"Lernaellia"
4102:Chrysiogenia
3943:"Heilongiia"
3847:Cosmopoliota
3821:Calditrichia
3810:Rhodothermia
3806:"Kryptoniia"
3782:Bacteroidota
3691:Spirochaetia
3635:"Sumerlaeia"
3547:Omnitrophota
3485:"Aerophobia"
3377:Thermotogota
3325:Caldisericia
3300:Synergistota
3294:Atribacteria
3276:Thermotogida
3107:Limnochordia
3101:Bacillota G
3087:Bacillota E
3069:Bacillota D
3051:Bacillota A
2941:"Zipacnadia"
2896:Deinococcota
2878:Chloroflexia
2767:Opisthokonta
2624:. Retrieved
2618:
2609:
2597:. Retrieved
2591:
2582:
2570:. Retrieved
2564:
2555:
2543:. Retrieved
2531:
2519:. Retrieved
2510:
2498:. Retrieved
2489:
2477:. Retrieved
2462:
2444:cite journal
2409:
2405:
2395:
2360:
2357:J. Bacteriol
2356:
2346:
2311:
2307:
2297:
2270:
2266:
2256:
2240:(2): 53–59.
2237:
2233:
2223:
2188:
2184:
2174:
2139:
2135:
2125:
2100:
2096:
2090:
2081:
2075:
2061:cite journal
2026:
2023:J. Bacteriol
2022:
2012:
2003:
1999:
1993:
1984:
1980:
1974:
1964:
1957:
1922:
1918:
1912:
1904:
1877:
1873:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1824:. Retrieved
1795:
1791:
1785:
1750:S. palpitans
1749:
1743:
1649:
1648:
1633:
1631:
1610:
1609:
1597:Selenomastix
1595:
1581:
1580:
1557:
1556:
1472:
1471:
1455:
1454:
1433:
1432:
1410:
1408:
1385:
1384:
1354:
1353:
1338:
1336:
1308:
1307:
1293:
1262:
1261:
1235:
1234:
1204:Anaerovibrio
1202:
1201:
1182:
1181:
1060:
1059:
1042:
1041:
1008:
1007:
990:
989:
956:
955:
931:
930:
918:
904:
903:
876:
875:
845:Anaerovibrio
843:
842:
826:
825:
757:
756:
739:
738:
714:
713:
701:
687:
686:
632:
631:
613:
611:
587:
586:
574:
536:
535:
490:
474:
472:
467:S. palpitans
466:
454:
446:
442:
438:
430:
423:
401:S. sputigena
400:
393:S. palpitans
392:
377:provided by
364:
360:Selenomastix
359:
354:
353:, the genus
351:nomenclature
348:
342:
336:
330:
324:
313:
311:
297:
285:
283:
273:
271:
260:
253:
239:
233:
227:
221:
211:
209:
169:
164:
163:
161:
154:
130:
124:Type species
115:von Prowazek
108:
35:Selenomonad
29:
4692:selenomonas
4648:iNaturalist
4587:Selenomonas
4581:Wikispecies
4557:Selenomonas
4532:Wikispecies
4527:(2001–2012)
4308:Nitrospiria
4298:Nitrospinia
4276:Myxococcota
4241:Lernaellota
4180:Oligoflexia
3938:Heilongiota
3787:Bacteroidia
3730:"Brocadiia"
3714:Chlamydiota
3645:Spirochaeto
3630:Sumerlaeota
3480:Aerophobota
3314:Thermocalda
3304:Synergistia
3134:"Moorellia"
3056:Clostridiia
2902:Deinococcia
2669:Prokaryotes
2545:20 November
2521:20 November
2500:20 November
2479:9 September
1925:: 2631–41.
1826:9 September
1754:Simons 1922
1583:Mitsuokella
919:Selenomonas
884:(Type sp.)
702:Selenomonas
689:Mitsuokella
575:Selenomonas
495:(LPSN) and
455:Selenomonas
431:Selenomonas
355:Selenomonas
314:Selenomonas
298:Selenomonas
286:Selenomonas
218:transferred
210:The family
170:Selenomonas
165:Selenomonas
109:Selenomonas
18:Selenomonas
4748:Categories
4389:Holophagia
4288:Polyangiia
4281:Myxococcia
4060:Aquificota
4041:Aquificida
3792:Chlorobiia
3719:Chlamydiia
3660:"Babeliae"
3022:Firmicutes
2956:"Xenobiia"
2006:: 431–458.
1913:Clostridia
1868:Firmicutes
1777:References
1237:Schwartzia
828:Schwartzia
435:cryptogams
386:guinea-pig
274:Clostridia
248:and being
246:Gram stain
206:Gram stain
204:See also:
200:Gram stain
194:fastidious
190:microscope
4193:"Binatia"
4064:Aquificia
3772:FCB group
3704:PVC group
3182:CPR group
3038:Bacillota
2762:Amoebozoa
2740:Alveolata
2728:Cryptista
2703:Eukaryota
2495:"The LTP"
1295:Centipeda
516:08-RS214
509:_08_2023
481:Phylogeny
371:anaerobic
367:crescents
280:Etymology
250:trivially
241:Bacillota
186:ruminants
155:See text
68:Bacillota
4572:Q3954750
4566:Wikidata
4521:Source:
4188:Binatota
3655:Babelota
3464:BV2, BV4
3044:Bacillia
2757:Amorphea
2735:Rhizaria
2723:Hacrobia
2713:Excavata
2698:Bacteria
2673:Bacteria
2436:19587155
2166:13189856
2117:14946656
2053:13654218
1987:: 70–73.
1949:23834245
1896:19667386
1760:See also
1264:Quinella
475:S. noxia
405:flagella
379:ruminant
302:selenium
94:Family:
64:Phylum:
58:Bacteria
54:Domain:
4666:1221879
4640:3226232
4316:SAR324
3572:Clade 2
3472:Clade 1
3191:Elulota
2772:Animals
2693:Archaea
2427:2744897
2387:4323298
2338:4129090
2289:4773919
2215:4165067
2193:Bibcode
1940:4056668
499:(NCBI)
443:Euglena
420:region.
397:gingiva
182:animals
174:species
148:Species
104:Genus:
84:Order:
74:Class:
4731:571511
4718:430108
4679:958089
4653:356664
4627:1SELMG
4481:others
4355:others
3030:Low GC
2810:others
2750:Plants
2687:Domain
2626:10 May
2599:10 May
2572:10 May
2434:
2424:
2385:
2378:248505
2375:
2336:
2329:413832
2326:
2287:
2213:
2185:Nature
2164:
2157:180798
2154:
2115:
2051:
2044:290421
2041:
1947:
1937:
1894:
1822:(LPSN)
389:caecum
265:stain
139:Flügge
4726:WoRMS
4661:IRMNG
4614:83392
2777:Fungi
2540:(PDF)
2211:S2CID
382:rumen
294:monas
4700:NCBI
4687:LPSN
4674:ITIS
4635:GBIF
4622:EPPO
4601:7F8T
3208:ABY1
2628:2023
2601:2023
2574:2023
2547:2023
2523:2023
2502:2023
2481:2022
2454:link
2450:link
2432:PMID
2383:PMID
2334:PMID
2285:PMID
2162:PMID
2113:PMID
2067:link
2049:PMID
1945:PMID
1892:PMID
1828:2022
514:GTDB
445:and
254:c.f.
216:was
117:1913
4705:970
4609:EoL
4596:CoL
4033:BV2
3026:BV3
2422:PMC
2414:doi
2373:PMC
2365:doi
2361:105
2324:PMC
2316:doi
2275:doi
2242:doi
2201:doi
2189:176
2152:PMC
2144:doi
2105:doi
2039:PMC
2031:doi
1935:PMC
1927:doi
1882:doi
507:LTP
412:".
290:-o-
180:of
4750::
4728::
4715::
4702::
4689::
4676::
4663::
4650::
4637::
4624::
4611::
4598::
4583::
4568::
4491:"
4429:"
4417:"
4335:"
4267:"
4255:"
4243:"
4231:"
4217:"
4202:"
4190:"
4143:"
4111:"
4089:"
4051:"
4001:"
3979:"
3967:"
3952:"
3940:"
3897:"
3882:"
3849:"
3830:"
3657:"
3632:"
3620:"
3601:"
3589:"
3549:"
3494:"
3482:"
3439:"
3427:"
3415:"
3368:"
3356:"
3205:"
3193:"
3116:"
2999:"
2913:"
2861:"
2671::
2617:.
2590:.
2563:.
2471:.
2446:}}
2442:{{
2430:.
2420:.
2410:88
2408:.
2404:.
2381:.
2371:.
2359:.
2355:.
2332:.
2322:.
2312:37
2310:.
2306:.
2283:.
2271:79
2269:.
2265:.
2236:.
2232:.
2209:.
2199:.
2187:.
2183:.
2160:.
2150:.
2140:18
2138:.
2134:.
2111:.
2101:64
2099:.
2063:}}
2059:{{
2047:.
2037:.
2027:77
2025:.
2021:.
2004:59
2002:.
1985:14
1983:.
1943:.
1933:.
1923:15
1921:.
1917:.
1890:.
1878:60
1876:.
1872:.
1836:^
1818:.
1804:^
1794:.
1752:"
1636:"
1413:"
1341:"
616:"
469:).
384:,
362:.
276:.
4510:"
4506:"
4503:"
4499:"
4487:"
4460:"
4456:"
4453:"
4449:"
4446:"
4442:"
4425:"
4413:"
4398:"
4394:"
4391:"
4387:"
4370:"
4366:"
4347:"
4343:"
4331:"
4328:"
4324:"
4263:"
4251:"
4239:"
4227:"
4213:"
4198:"
4186:"
4139:"
4107:"
4085:"
4047:"
4020:"
4016:"
4013:"
4009:"
3997:"
3994:"
3990:"
3975:"
3963:"
3948:"
3936:"
3893:"
3878:"
3875:"
3871:"
3868:"
3864:"
3861:"
3857:"
3845:"
3842:"
3838:"
3826:"
3800:"
3796:"
3693:"
3689:"
3669:"
3665:"
3653:"
3628:"
3616:"
3613:"
3609:"
3597:"
3585:"
3582:"
3578:"
3564:"
3560:"
3545:"
3542:"
3538:"
3535:"
3531:"
3515:"
3511:"
3490:"
3478:"
3451:"
3447:"
3435:"
3423:"
3411:"
3364:"
3352:"
3266:"
3262:"
3244:"
3240:"
3234:"
3230:"
3221:"
3217:"
3201:"
3189:"
3167:"
3163:"
3155:"
3151:"
3112:"
3079:"
3075:"
3058:"
3054:"
3046:"
3042:"
2995:"
2990:"
2986:"
2950:"
2946:"
2909:"
2904:"
2900:"
2857:"
2784:)
2661:e
2654:t
2647:v
2630:.
2603:.
2576:.
2549:.
2525:.
2504:.
2483:.
2456:)
2416::
2389:.
2367::
2340:.
2318::
2291:.
2277::
2250:.
2244::
2238:6
2217:.
2203::
2195::
2168:.
2146::
2119:.
2107::
2084:.
2069:)
2055:.
2033::
1951:.
1929::
1915:"
1898:.
1884::
1870:"
1846:"
1830:.
1796:7
1748:"
1632:"
1409:"
1337:"
612:"
408:"
399:(
391:(
345:.
339:,
333:,
327:,
137:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
