282:
115:
944:
128:
456:
337:
Thirteen superfamilies are presently recognised, based on taxa (families) included in the three superfamilies given in the
Treatise. Three are based on families in the Parathuramminacea, 1964, and nine families in the Endothyracea, 1964. The Fusulinacea remains the same in both sources (Treatise 1964
779:
Leppig, Ursula; Forke, Holger C.; Montenari, Michael; Fohrer, Beate (2005). "A three- and two-dimensional documentation of structural elements in schwagerinids (superfamily
Fusulinoidea) exemplified by silicified material from the Upper Carboniferous of the Carnic Alps (Austria/Italy): a comparison
402:
Later species of fusulinids grew to much larger size, with some forms reaching 5 cm in length; reportedly, some specimens reach up to 14 cm in length, making them among the largest foraminifera extant or extinct. Fusulinids are the earliest lineage of foraminifera thought to have evolved
359:
revealed that this supposed structure actually represented tests that had been extensively modified by diagenetic processes. Instead, living fusulinids had low-magnesium hyaline tests with spherical nanograins up to 100 nm across, similar to the tests of the
354:
Traditionally, fusulinid tests were considered to have been composed of very small, tightly-packed calcite crystals with no preferred orientation—a so-called microgranular structure. However. a 2017 study using
430:
The term "fusulinid" applies to any of the
Fusulinida. The Fusulinida are fusulinids (sensu lato). However, the term "fusulinid" is often applied just to the fusiform Fusulinacea and not to the entire order.
341:
The term fusulinata has traditionally been used to refer to all palaeozoic foraminifera with multi-chambered tests. However, recent studies based on test microstructure have suggested that fusulinids may be
371:
A 2021 study further examined test microstructure and suggested instead that the forams examined in the 2017 study were not true fusulinids, but rather considered them their own group containing
399:. The earliest of these were microscopic, planispirally coiled, and evolute; later forms evolved a diversity of shapes including lenticular, globular, and elongated rice-shaped forms.
2168:
852:
443:
for determining ages and correlating Upper
Mississippian to Permian strata. In some places fusulinaceans may be so abundant as to be a significant component of
897:
Stevens, Calvin H. (September 1995). "A Giant
Permian Fusulinid from East-Central Alaska with Comparisons of All Giant Fusulinids in Western North America".
2142:
464:
377:
and relatives. These authors considers that true fusulinids did in fact have microgranular tests. A third group consisting of forms related to
419:
326:
831:
823:
699:
659:
632:
309:
calcite. Like all forams, they were single-celled organisms. In advanced forms the test wall was differentiated into two or more layers.
2255:
682:
Saraswati, Pratul Kumar; Srinivasan, M. S. (2016), Saraswati, Pratul Kumar; Srinivasan, M.S. (eds.), "Calcareous-Walled
Microfossils",
979:
114:
281:
285:
Fusulinid limestone, Upper
Pennsylvanian; Elk County, Kansas. Field of view is 3.9 cm wide. Link at source to view of entire slab.
2207:
1013:
1008:
364:. These factors combined with overall shape of the test led these authors to suggest classification of the fusulinids with the
2260:
1092:
1082:
1065:
813:
314:
2240:
356:
2245:
849:
127:
943:
391:
The fusulinids are among the earliest calcareous-walled foraminifera; they appear in the fossil record during the
1097:
2069:
972:
864:"A Shift in the Long-Term Mode of Foraminiferan Size Evolution Caused by the End-Permian Mass Extinction"
256:
2250:
2194:
1060:
809:
310:
1999:
1918:
714:
Tappan, Helen; Loeblich, Alfred R. (1988). "Foraminiferal
Evolution, Diversification, and Extinction".
329:. While the latter is true, a more supported projected timespan is from the Mid-Carboniferous period.
2212:
2129:
1901:
1724:
906:
567:
500:
264:
2004:
1913:
1907:
1714:
1485:
1360:
1202:
379:
272:
224:
2235:
1988:
1453:
1254:
228:
1947:
1857:
1810:
1719:
1370:
1365:
1146:
268:
232:
1077:
1055:
1043:
1018:
930:
922:
797:
731:
346:
and consist of at least three distinct lineages, and as such are in need of systematic revision.
122:
2199:
1207:
383:
was also found to have a distinct test microstructure, and was suggested to be a third lineage.
1249:
1151:
373:
2181:
2116:
1757:
1473:
1468:
1428:
1324:
1087:
1050:
1038:
1028:
965:
885:
827:
723:
695:
655:
628:
603:
585:
536:
518:
302:
2186:
649:
2173:
2035:
1852:
1631:
1388:
1002:
914:
875:
789:
687:
593:
575:
526:
508:
392:
260:
2107:
487:
Dubicka, Zofia; Gajewska, Maria; Kozłowski, Wojciech; Mikhalevich, Valeria (29 June 2021).
2039:
1576:
856:
294:
910:
863:
571:
556:"Unlocking the biomineralization style and affinity of Paleozoic fusulinid foraminifera"
504:
418:. The group then gradually declined in diversity until finally going extinct during the
1994:
1805:
1709:
1438:
1314:
1174:
1130:
1033:
598:
555:
531:
488:
318:
252:
248:
165:
152:
2229:
1895:
1867:
1683:
1480:
1380:
1194:
1179:
934:
880:
801:
415:
365:
322:
306:
244:
195:
72:
2121:
2018:
1936:
1875:
1847:
1828:
1817:
1799:
1790:
1780:
1616:
1581:
1568:
1558:
1463:
1448:
1443:
1433:
1415:
1301:
1291:
1226:
1169:
1161:
440:
298:
236:
185:
817:
622:
2155:
2101:
1890:
1885:
1752:
1747:
1734:
1626:
1586:
1184:
691:
455:
240:
47:
580:
2027:
1953:
1742:
1701:
1691:
1673:
1621:
1596:
1591:
1423:
1393:
1347:
1329:
1319:
918:
793:
407:
92:
57:
2092:
727:
589:
522:
1880:
1842:
1545:
1355:
1272:
513:
444:
361:
343:
139:
97:
889:
607:
540:
411:
957:
2086:
2047:
2043:
1941:
1553:
1528:
1264:
1119:
1072:
988:
396:
87:
82:
67:
62:
52:
17:
2147:
2031:
1657:
951:
926:
735:
175:
102:
77:
2160:
489:"Test structure in some pioneer multichambered Paleozoic foraminifera"
2051:
749:
2063:
624:
942:
454:
280:
2134:
819:
Protista 2: Sarcodina
Chiefly "Thecamoebians" and Foraminiferida
2067:
961:
406:
Fossils of fusulinids have been found on all continents except
826:. Vol. C (5th ed.). Geological Society of America.
325:, with the fusulinid foraminifera going extinct with the
554:
Dubicka, Zofia; Gorzelak, Przemysław (9 November 2017).
862:
Payne, Jonathan; Jost, Adam; Wang, Steve (March 2013).
686:, Springer International Publishing, pp. 81–119,
439:
Members, especially of the Fusulinacea, are excellent
305:
are traditionally considered to have been composed of
950:
sp. cross-section; Plattsmouth Chert; Red Oak, Iowa;
2076:
1978:
1927:
1866:
1827:
1789:
1778:
1733:
1700:
1682:
1671:
1654:
1609:
1567:
1544:
1537:
1526:
1414:
1379:
1346:
1300:
1289:
1263:
1242:
1235:
1224:
1193:
1160:
1139:
1129:
1116:
410:; they reached their greatest diversity during the
493:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
684:Micropaleontology: Principles and Applications
973:
842:Foraminiferal genera and their classification
8:
840:Alfred R. Loeblich Jr., Helen Tappan, 1988:
654:. University of Chicago Press. p. 73.
2064:
1786:
1775:
1679:
1668:
1664:
1651:
1541:
1534:
1523:
1411:
1376:
1343:
1307:
1297:
1286:
1239:
1232:
1221:
1136:
1126:
1113:
980:
966:
958:
459:Cutaway view of a representative fusulinid
113:
33:
879:
597:
579:
530:
512:
403:symbiosis with photosynthetic organisms.
780:with verbeekinoideans and alveolinids".
29:Extinct order of single-celled organisms
651:The Biology of Reefs and Reef Organisms
476:
465:List of prehistoric foraminifera genera
648:Goldberg, Walter M. (4 October 2013).
824:Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology
7:
482:
480:
25:
327:Permian–Triassic extinction event
43:Lower Pennsylvanian–Upper Permian
881:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01807.x
338:and Loeblich and Tappan, 1988).
126:
420:Permo-Triassic extinction event
317:, 1988, gives a range from the
621:Wagner, Robert Herman (1983).
1:
357:scanning electron microscopy
816:(1964). Moore, R.C. (ed.).
692:10.1007/978-3-319-14574-7_6
2277:
2256:Silurian first appearances
581:10.1038/s41598-017-15666-1
2013:
1774:
1667:
1650:
1522:
1410:
1342:
1310:
1285:
1220:
1112:
996:
919:10.1017/S0022336000035484
846:Geological Survey of Iran
794:10.1007/s10347-005-0014-4
222:
217:
123:Scientific classification
121:
112:
36:
750:"Fusulinids | GeoKansas"
899:Journal of Paleontology
716:Journal of Paleontology
514:10.1073/pnas.2100656118
955:
844:, E-Book published by
460:
286:
2261:Lopingian extinctions
2195:Paleobiology Database
946:
855:23 March 2012 at the
458:
284:
627:. IGME. p. 88.
387:Evolutionary history
2241:Foraminifera orders
2026:organization type:
911:1995JPal...69..805S
810:Loeblich, Alfred R.
572:2017NatSR...715218D
505:2021PNAS..11800656D
395:epoch of the early
257:Palaeotextulariacea
2246:Carboniferous life
1660:
1656:
956:
560:Scientific Reports
461:
287:
2223:
2222:
2182:Open Tree of Life
2070:Taxon identifiers
2061:
2060:
2044:heliozoan amoebae
2036:amoeboflagellates
2000:Labyrinthomyxidae
1974:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1919:Globigerinitoidea
1770:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1605:
1604:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1429:Phaeogymnocellida
1406:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1338:
1337:
1325:Paracercomonadida
1281:
1280:
1216:
1215:
833:978-0-8137-3003-5
701:978-3-319-14574-7
661:978-0-226-92537-0
634:978-84-300-9949-8
279:
278:
16:(Redirected from
2268:
2216:
2215:
2203:
2202:
2190:
2189:
2177:
2176:
2164:
2163:
2151:
2150:
2138:
2137:
2125:
2124:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2097:
2096:
2095:
2065:
1853:Silicoloculinida
1787:
1783:
1776:
1680:
1676:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1652:
1632:Plasmodiophorida
1542:
1535:
1531:
1524:
1412:
1389:Thaumatomonadida
1377:
1344:
1308:
1298:
1294:
1287:
1240:
1233:
1229:
1222:
1137:
1127:
1123:
1114:
1025:
1005:
982:
975:
968:
959:
938:
893:
883:
837:
805:
788:(1–4): 541–553.
765:
764:
762:
760:
754:geokansas.ku.edu
746:
740:
739:
711:
705:
704:
679:
673:
672:
670:
668:
645:
639:
638:
618:
612:
611:
601:
583:
551:
545:
544:
534:
516:
484:
350:Test composition
261:Parathuraminacea
210:
199:
131:
130:
117:
107:
44:
40:Temporal range:
34:
21:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2226:
2225:
2224:
2219:
2211:
2206:
2198:
2193:
2185:
2180:
2172:
2167:
2159:
2154:
2146:
2141:
2133:
2128:
2120:
2115:
2106:
2105:
2100:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2072:
2062:
2057:
2040:testate amoebae
2009:
1958:
1923:
1902:Globotruncanida
1862:
1823:
1779:
1762:
1729:
1725:Symphyacanthida
1696:
1672:
1655:
1638:
1601:
1577:Claustrosporida
1563:
1527:
1490:
1398:
1375:
1334:
1290:
1277:
1259:
1225:
1212:
1189:
1156:
1117:
1108:
1107:
1023:
1001:
992:
986:
941:
896:
861:
857:Wayback Machine
834:
808:
778:
774:
772:Further reading
769:
768:
758:
756:
748:
747:
743:
713:
712:
708:
702:
681:
680:
676:
666:
664:
662:
647:
646:
642:
635:
620:
619:
615:
553:
552:
548:
486:
485:
478:
473:
453:
437:
428:
389:
352:
335:
271:
267:
265:Ptychocladiacea
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
208:
197:
125:
108:
106:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
42:
41:
38:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2274:
2272:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2228:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2204:
2191:
2178:
2165:
2152:
2139:
2126:
2113:
2098:
2082:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2048:sporozoan-like
2024:
2021:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2005:Rhizoplasmidae
2002:
1997:
1995:Gymnosphaerida
1992:
1984:
1982:
1980:Incertae sedis
1976:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1944:
1939:
1933:
1931:
1929:Incertae sedis
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1914:Guembelitriida
1910:
1908:Heterohelicida
1904:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1872:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1833:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1814:
1808:
1806:Xenophyophorea
1803:
1796:
1794:
1784:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1739:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1715:Chaunocanthida
1712:
1710:Arthracanthida
1706:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1688:
1686:
1677:
1662:
1648:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1619:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1573:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1548:
1539:
1532:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1486:Ventricleftida
1483:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1439:Phaeosphaerida
1436:
1431:
1420:
1418:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1385:
1383:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1361:Spongomonadida
1358:
1352:
1350:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1315:Glissomonadida
1311:
1305:
1295:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1275:
1269:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1246:
1244:
1237:
1230:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1203:Chlorarachnida
1199:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1175:Desmothoracida
1172:
1166:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1143:
1141:
1134:
1131:Reticulofilosa
1124:
1110:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1101:
1098:Mesomycetozoea
1095:
1090:
1080:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1034:Diaphoretickes
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
998:
997:
994:
993:
991:classification
987:
985:
984:
977:
970:
962:
940:
939:
905:(5): 805–812.
894:
874:(3): 816–827.
859:
838:
832:
806:
775:
773:
770:
767:
766:
741:
722:(5): 695–714.
706:
700:
674:
660:
640:
633:
613:
546:
475:
474:
472:
469:
468:
467:
452:
449:
436:
433:
427:
424:
388:
385:
380:Semitextularia
351:
348:
334:
331:
319:Lower Silurian
293:is an extinct
277:
276:
273:Tournayellacea
253:Nodosinellacea
249:Moravamminacea
225:Archaediscacea
220:
219:
218:Superfamilies
215:
214:
206:
202:
201:
193:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
173:
169:
168:
163:
156:
155:
153:Diaphoretickes
150:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
119:
118:
110:
109:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
45:
39:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2273:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2214:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2118:
2114:
2109:
2103:
2099:
2094:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1897:
1896:Globigerinida
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1868:Globothalamea
1865:
1859:
1856:
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1849:
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1844:
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1839:
1835:
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1684:Sticholonchea
1681:
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1666:
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1521:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1481:Tectofilosida
1479:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1454:Phaeoconchida
1452:
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1432:
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1427:
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1409:
1395:
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1387:
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1381:Silicofilosea
1378:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1349:
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1331:
1330:Cercomonadida
1328:
1326:
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1318:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1299:
1296:
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1271:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1256:
1255:Metromonadida
1253:
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1247:
1245:
1241:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1209:
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1201:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1195:Chlorarachnea
1192:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1180:Leucodictyida
1178:
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1168:
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1159:
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1061:Stramenopiles
1059:
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1024:(major groups
1022:
1020:
1017:
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1000:
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983:
978:
976:
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964:
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829:
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815:
814:Tappan, Helen
811:
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771:
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441:index fossils
434:
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416:Carboniferous
414:epoch of the
413:
409:
404:
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386:
384:
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375:
369:
367:
366:Globothalamea
363:
358:
349:
347:
345:
339:
332:
330:
328:
324:
323:Upper Permian
320:
316:
312:
308:
307:microgranular
304:
301:in which the
300:
296:
292:
283:
275:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
245:Geinitzinacea
242:
238:
234:
230:
229:Colaniellacea
226:
221:
216:
213:
207:
204:
203:
200:
196:Globothalamea
194:
191:
190:
187:
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
164:
161:
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138:
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104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
35:
32:
27:
19:
2251:Permian life
2077:
2019:paraphyletic
1989:Lapot gusevi
1987:
1979:
1948:Heterogromia
1946:
1937:Involutinida
1928:
1876:Textulariida
1858:Ammodiscidae
1848:Spirillinida
1837:
1829:Tubothalamea
1818:Reticulomyxa
1816:
1811:Astrorhizida
1800:Allogromiida
1791:Monothalamea
1781:Foraminifera
1735:Polycystinea
1720:Holocanthida
1617:Vampyrellida
1582:Haplosporida
1569:Ascetosporea
1559:Reticulosida
1464:Cryomonadida
1449:Phaeogromida
1444:Phaeocalpida
1434:Phaeocystida
1416:Thecofilosea
1371:Variglissida
1366:Marimonadida
1302:Sarcomonadea
1292:Ventrifilosa
1243:Metromonadea
1227:Monadofilosa
1170:Cryptofilida
1162:Granofilosea
1147:Aquavolonida
1083:Opisthokonta
947:
902:
898:
871:
867:
845:
841:
818:
785:
781:
757:. Retrieved
753:
744:
719:
715:
709:
683:
677:
665:. Retrieved
650:
643:
623:
616:
566:(1): 15218.
563:
559:
549:
496:
492:
438:
429:
405:
401:
393:Llandoverian
390:
378:
372:
370:
353:
344:polyphyletic
340:
336:
299:Foraminifera
290:
288:
269:Tetrataxacea
237:Endothyracea
233:Earlandiacea
223:
211:
186:Foraminifera
159:
146:
31:
26:
2156:iNaturalist
2102:Wikispecies
2052:fungus-like
2028:flagellates
1891:Carterinida
1886:Robertinida
1753:Spumellaria
1748:Nassellaria
1627:Phagomyxida
1610:Proteomyxia
1587:Mikrocytida
1185:Limnofilida
1140:Skiomonadea
435:Application
426:Terminology
297:within the
241:Fusulinacea
182:Subphylum:
2236:Fusulinida
2230:Categories
2108:Fusulinida
2078:Fusulinida
1954:Komokiacea
1838:Fusulinida
1743:Collodaria
1702:Acantharea
1692:Taxopodida
1674:Radiolaria
1622:Phytomyxea
1597:Paramyxida
1592:Paradinida
1424:Phaeodarea
1394:Euglyphida
1348:Imbricatea
1320:Katabiidae
1208:Minorisida
948:Triticites
667:10 January
471:References
408:Antarctica
291:Fusulinida
212:Fusulinida
37:Fusulinida
1881:Rotaliida
1843:Miliolida
1546:Gromiidea
1538:Marimyxia
1460:Eothecia
1356:Krakenida
1273:Helkesida
1250:Metopiida
1152:Tremulida
1078:Amoebozoa
1056:Alveolata
1044:Cryptista
1019:Eukaryota
935:132061868
868:Evolution
802:129848257
728:0022-3360
590:2045-2322
523:0027-8424
445:limestone
374:Nanicella
362:Rotaliida
198: (?)
140:Eukaryota
18:Fusulinid
2135:10568606
2087:Wikidata
2023:†extinct
1942:Lagenida
1758:Orodaria
1554:Gromiida
1529:Endomyxa
1474:Matazida
1469:Ebriacea
1265:Helkesea
1236:Eoglissa
1120:Cercozoa
1073:Amorphea
1051:Rhizaria
1039:Hacrobia
1029:Excavata
1014:Bacteria
989:Rhizaria
890:23461330
853:Archived
848:, 2005,
608:29123221
541:34155110
451:See also
397:Silurian
333:Taxonomy
311:Loeblich
172:Phylum:
136:Domain:
2187:5584883
2148:3235825
2093:Q134577
2032:amoebae
1658:Retaria
1088:Animals
1009:Archaea
952:Permian
927:1306346
907:Bibcode
736:1305391
599:5680253
568:Bibcode
532:8255957
501:Bibcode
321:to the
205:Order:
192:Class:
176:Retaria
2213:592502
2200:239725
2161:348316
1122:
1118:
1066:Plants
1003:Domain
933:
925:
888:
850:Online
830:
800:
782:Facies
759:16 May
734:
726:
698:
658:
631:
606:
596:
588:
539:
529:
521:
499:(26).
412:Visean
315:Tappan
2208:WoRMS
2174:12845
2169:IRMNG
2122:7ZJHF
1093:Fungi
931:S2CID
923:JSTOR
798:S2CID
732:JSTOR
303:tests
295:order
160:Clade
147:Clade
2143:GBIF
886:PMID
828:ISBN
761:2020
724:ISSN
696:ISBN
669:2023
656:ISBN
629:ISBN
604:PMID
586:ISSN
537:PMID
519:ISSN
313:and
289:The
48:Preęž’
2130:EoL
2117:CoL
915:doi
876:doi
790:doi
688:doi
594:PMC
576:doi
527:PMC
509:doi
497:118
166:SAR
2232::
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2038:;
2034:;
2030:;
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903:69
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812:;
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730:.
720:62
718:.
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558:.
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507:.
495:.
491:.
479:^
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422:.
368:.
162::
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98:Pg
2054:.
2017:*
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