940:
500:
932:
22:
128:
784:
867:
The rheostat is robust and designed to stand high currents, however it cannot for an excessive period of time, as there is the risk of overheating; the driver has to keep this in mind when driving. When the temperature is too high (greater than 200 °C or 392 °F), the "VR"
908:
Motor cooling fans are automatically activated when the reverser is in non-neutral position, while rheostat fans activate when the temperature into the rheostat's resistors reaches 65 °C (149 °F) or they are manually activated by the driver via an apposite button.
780:) that, by varying its resistance, gradually regulates the current to the motors on starts, and on each time a transition to the next combination is made; however, differently from older Italian types, rheostatic exclusion is not controlled manually, by default.
921:
E.656.458 and E.656.468 mount digital
Octopus control units, which allow remote command of two or more locomotives from a single driving cabin. These units also have four weakening field shunts in Parallel and SuperParallel combinations as sixth series'
826:
advance, closing the rheostat contactors (thus shunting the relative resistors) as speed builds up, until it is totally excluded; similarly it may go backwards, when the current reaches high levels in relation to speed.
615:
The initial project speed was 160 km/h (99 mph), but later it was reduced to 150 due to stability problems; further, the heavy mass of the locomotive did not allow the use of rheostatic braking.
988:, E.656.403 traction hook broke, causing derailment of its passenger car. Four were seriously injured. The accident was caused by velocity: the train was going at 90 km/h instead 30 km/h.
3313:
887:
an asynchronous 17 kW three-phase motor that is used to activate the four groups of motor-cooling fans, 7 groups for rheostat cooling and 2 fans for cabin air conditioning;
841:
If rheostatic exclusion is needed to be controlled finely (e.g. on coupling maneuvers, or in case of a heavy train or poor adherence situations), the driver can use the "PAC" (
623:
to haul freight trains. The gear ratio has been reduced from 28/61 to 23/66, and the speed limit to 120 km/h (75 mph). The modified units form the Class E.655.
221:
3318:
3338:
3308:
652:
shunts in parallel and super-parallel motor combinations (where the other series have three), and the 78-wire cable to remote control the locomotive from a
3323:
597:, they are mixed traffic locomotives, and have been used on every kind of train, ranging from freight to intercity passenger transport.
1112:
612:, plus a central bogie in the middle. Each bogie mounts four DC motors, each providing 400 kW (540 hp), for a total of 12.
105:
890:
a 3 kVA transformer used to recharge the 24 V batteries, plus another four for cabin heating and another one for glass defrosters.
791:
The driver selects the desired combination, which is automatically accomplished by a system which, through a particular array of
3284:
939:
39:
3328:
3303:
1149:
845:), a small lever that makes the "avviatore automatico" advance or go backwards step by step (for "Series" combination only).
86:
43:
58:
3333:
1122:
1012:
776:
Like their predecessors, E.656s have a rheostat (31 resistors subdivided in 21 packs, for a total resistance of 17,015
2684:
815:
65:
944:
814:). The driver selects the maximum exclusion current through a potentiometer on his desk, and the system, when the
1339:
72:
3008:
3003:
1169:
999:
898:
on 1st and 3rd series by two 125 kVA motoalternators, activated by a double-collector 95 kW 3000 V motor;
347:
226:
32:
54:
1105:
978:
953:
586:
830:
The different connections of the motors in the various combinations are accomplished by closing various
208:
1090:
2295:
2205:
3212:
3177:
3167:
3116:
3080:
3050:
2647:
2455:
2435:
2395:
2370:
2345:
2310:
2290:
2275:
2245:
2235:
2170:
2140:
2130:
2115:
2064:
1964:
1759:
1724:
1309:
1299:
1209:
1164:
1144:
964:
860:, etc., are assumed by an electronic control unit (called Delfina) derived from the ones employed on
3268:
3263:
3248:
3238:
3233:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3172:
3100:
3075:
3070:
3045:
2922:
2917:
2867:
2847:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2450:
2430:
2415:
2390:
2365:
2340:
2305:
2285:
2270:
2240:
2230:
2195:
2165:
2135:
2125:
2059:
1959:
1754:
1719:
1304:
1294:
1204:
1159:
985:
590:
3207:
3202:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3095:
3090:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3040:
3035:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2495:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2445:
2425:
2420:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2375:
2360:
2355:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2300:
2280:
2265:
2260:
2250:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2120:
2094:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1979:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1879:
1864:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1714:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1614:
1609:
1599:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1519:
1514:
1504:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1289:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1219:
1214:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1174:
2837:
2832:
653:
2626:
2621:
1098:
371:
366:
971:
2315:
2089:
79:
499:
2490:
2440:
2200:
2054:
1994:
1984:
1874:
848:
On Third series locomotives (official classification), many functions such as the ones of
649:
566:
436:
901:
on 2nd and 4th series by a single 3000 V DC/450 V AC 60 Hz 180 kVA static converter;
3258:
3253:
3243:
3228:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2842:
2827:
2822:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2694:
2689:
2679:
2674:
2655:
2551:
2385:
2380:
2110:
2084:
2049:
1989:
1869:
1654:
1619:
1524:
1034:
1029:
931:
861:
756:
594:
378:
356:
261:
1054:
935:
The E.655.403 (previously E.656.403), the unit involved in the Roma
Casilina accident.
3297:
1674:
772:
SuperParallel: four branches of three motors each, three shunts (four on 6th series);
462:
359:
3085:
2500:
2485:
2350:
2320:
2255:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
1999:
1974:
1969:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1884:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1819:
1814:
1789:
1784:
1709:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1604:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1529:
1509:
1499:
1284:
1224:
1179:
1154:
904:
on 5th and 6th series two 3000 V DC/450 V AC 60 Hz 120 kVA static converters.
752:
The locomotive has twelve 82/400 motors, with class B insulation, four per bogie.
787:
Driver console of an E.656; the lever in the middle is the combination selector.
769:
Parallel: three branches of four motors each, three shunts (four on 6th series);
233:
21:
918:
E.655.200 had been fitted with two ARSA static converters for testing purposes.
2666:
819:
792:
620:
1016:
992:
872:, Rheostat Fans) light starts to blink on the driver's console to warn him.
831:
796:
1011:
29 June 2009, E.655.175 was the locomotive hauling the freight train which
645:
The differences between series regard electrical and mechanical equipment.
995:
a cargo train crashed intoanother cargo train; four deaths and one injury.
974:, E.656.272 impact against another train, causing 2 death and 51 injured.
834:; their set-ups during transitions are handled by a device called "CEM" (
800:
213:
159:
127:
1005:
783:
741:
2 ARSA static converters and
Delfina control unit, for remote command.
162:, SOFER, TIBB componentistica Ercole Marelli, Ansaldo, Asgen, Italtrafo
960:
619:
Recently, many E.656s have been transferred to the Cargo
Division of
1008:
and collided with a freight train with the E.655.511 and E.655.505.
938:
930:
805:
782:
663:
Differences between locomotives can also be summed up as follows:
631:
The E.656 class is officially subdivided by FS into three series:
609:
608:
The hull is divided in two parts, each one with its own twin axle
1085:
1080:
392:
353:
1094:
956:: Units 075 and 280 are written off. Both scrapped in July 1983
777:
766:
Series-Parallel: two branches of six motors each, five shunts;
15:
967:
train E.656.542 missed a stop signal, crashing into E.656.181
818:
present in the motors brings the current (which is read by
763:
Series: all motors are connected in series, five shunts;
894:
They are fed in various ways, depending on the series:
755:
They can be connected in the same combinations used on
880:
The following components form the auxiliary systems:
3221:
3160:
3109:
3028:
3021:
2996:
2815:
2784:
2703:
2664:
2646:
2639:
2529:
2103:
1137:
1130:
822:) to a value lower than the set current, makes the
565:
557:
552:
539:
523:
513:
492:
476:
468:
458:
453:
435:
419:
411:
406:
387:
377:
365:
346:
338:
316:
294:
276:
268:
232:
219:
206:
197:
192:
174:
166:
154:
146:
141:
120:
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3314:Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane electric locomotives
519:Only differences from Class E656 above are shown
981:E.656.225 derail into a closed rail, 2 injured.
593:built from 1975 to 1989. An evolution of the
342:120 t (118.1 long tons; 132.3 short tons)
1106:
884:two W242 compressors used for air production;
8:
998:20 July 2001, E.656.032 was totaled in the
719:Single Static converters (except unit 200)
600:The E.656 is nicknamed "Caimano" (Caiman).
3025:
2643:
1134:
1113:
1099:
1091:
549:
536:
510:
450:
403:
189:
138:
1055:"Aerial footage of train blast aftermath"
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
665:
660:) or another Delfina-fitted locomotive.
1046:
3319:Railway locomotives introduced in 1975
810:), controls a rotating device (called
489:
117:
648:The 3rd series locomotives have four
7:
1004:5 May 2004, E.656.608 derailed near
943:The E.655.175, the unit involved in
44:adding citations to reliable sources
3339:Standard gauge locomotives of Italy
14:
3324:Gio. Ansaldo & C. locomotives
748:Motors and electrical description
132:Unit E.656.294 in original livery
498:
426:: 4,200 kW (5,630 hp);
126:
20:
3285:Category:Rolling stock of Italy
1057:. BBC News Online. 30 June 2009
431:: 4,800 kW (6,440 hp)
31:needs additional citations for
836:Commutatore Escluditore Motori
1:
1123:Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane
843:Pomello Avanzamento Comandato
571:300 kN (67,400 lbf)
441:249 kN (56,000 lbf)
272:1,250 mm (49.21 in)
561:120 km/h (75 mph)
415:150 km/h (93 mph)
3355:
945:Viareggio train derailment
504:E.655.166 Trenitalia Cargo
3281:
808:Accelerazione Elettronico
730:2 ARSA static converters
548:
535:
518:
509:
497:
449:
402:
280:18.29 m (60 ft
188:
137:
125:
2530:Narrow gauge locomotives
1013:derailed and caught fire
1000:Rometta Marea derailment
697:Single static converter
320:3.80 m (12 ft
927:Accidents and incidents
803:, etc.), called "RAE" (
298:3.00 m (9 ft
2785:10,6 kV AC Three-Phase
954:Curinga train disaster
948:
936:
795:and other components (
788:
641:3rd series (551 - 608)
638:2nd series (401 - 550)
635:1st series (001 - 307)
3329:Casaralta locomotives
3309:Bo′Bo′Bo′ locomotives
3304:3000 V DC locomotives
2704:3,6 kV AC Three-Phase
942:
934:
870:Ventilazione Reostato
786:
3334:Reggiane locomotives
2648:Rechargeable battery
979:Bologna San Ruffillo
977:20 August 1996 near
854:Avviatore Automatico
812:avviatore automatico
158:Officine Casaralta,
40:improve this article
1086:FS E.656 @ Trainspo
1081:FS E.655 @ Trainspo
1067:(appears at 1m 09s)
984:2 August 1997 near
959:14 March 1995 near
658:Carrozza semipilota
591:electric locomotive
553:Performance figures
407:Performance figures
1138:Tender locomotives
952:November 21, 1980
949:
947:the morning after.
937:
789:
472:"Caimano" (Caiman)
3291:
3290:
3277:
3276:
3222:Train locomotives
3017:
3016:
2635:
2634:
991:4 June 2000 near
965:Città della Pieve
913:Significant units
876:Auxiliary systems
745:
744:
604:Technical details
579:
578:
575:
574:
544:
543:
531:
530:
488:
487:
484:
483:
445:
444:
398:
397:
367:Current pickup(s)
348:Electric system/s
184:
183:
160:Officine Reggiane
116:
115:
108:
90:
3346:
3026:
2644:
2104:Tank locomotives
1135:
1115:
1108:
1101:
1092:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1051:
708:Motoalternators
686:Motoalternators
666:
589:rheostatic-type
550:
537:
511:
502:
490:
451:
404:
333:
332:
328:
325:
311:
310:
306:
303:
289:
288:
284:
264:
258:
256:
255:
251:
248:
240:
190:
177:
139:
130:
118:
111:
104:
100:
97:
91:
89:
55:"FS Class E.656"
48:
24:
16:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3273:
3217:
3156:
3105:
3013:
2992:
2811:
2780:
2699:
2660:
2631:
2525:
2099:
1126:
1119:
1077:
1072:
1071:
1060:
1058:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1026:
929:
915:
878:
750:
650:field weakening
629:
606:
567:Tractive effort
514:Type and origin
505:
437:Tractive effort
427:
379:Traction motors
330:
326:
323:
321:
308:
304:
301:
299:
286:
282:
281:
260:
253:
249:
246:
244:
243:4 ft
242:
238:
199:
175:
142:Type and origin
133:
112:
101:
95:
92:
49:
47:
37:
25:
12:
11:
5:
3352:
3350:
3342:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3296:
3295:
3289:
3288:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3164:
3162:
3161:Heavy shunters
3158:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3032:
3030:
3029:Light shunters
3023:
3019:
3018:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3006:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2819:
2817:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2707:
2705:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2658:
2652:
2650:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2533:
2531:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1141:
1139:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1110:
1103:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1076:
1075:External links
1073:
1070:
1069:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1037:
1035:FS Class E.636
1032:
1030:FS Class E.646
1025:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1009:
1002:
996:
989:
982:
975:
968:
957:
928:
925:
924:
923:
919:
914:
911:
906:
905:
902:
899:
892:
891:
888:
885:
877:
874:
862:FS Class E.444
774:
773:
770:
767:
764:
749:
746:
743:
742:
739:
736:
732:
731:
728:
725:
721:
720:
717:
714:
710:
709:
706:
703:
699:
698:
695:
692:
688:
687:
684:
681:
677:
676:
673:
670:
643:
642:
639:
636:
628:
625:
605:
602:
585:is an Italian
577:
576:
573:
572:
569:
563:
562:
559:
555:
554:
546:
545:
542:
541:
540:Specifications
533:
532:
529:
528:
525:
521:
520:
516:
515:
507:
506:
503:
495:
494:
493:FS class E.655
486:
485:
482:
481:
478:
474:
473:
470:
466:
465:
460:
456:
455:
447:
446:
443:
442:
439:
433:
432:
421:
417:
416:
413:
409:
408:
400:
399:
396:
395:
389:
388:Safety systems
385:
384:
381:
375:
374:
369:
363:
362:
350:
344:
343:
340:
336:
335:
318:
314:
313:
296:
292:
291:
278:
274:
273:
270:
269:Wheel diameter
266:
265:
262:standard gauge
236:
230:
229:
224:
217:
216:
211:
204:
203:
200:
198:Configuration:
195:
194:
193:Specifications
186:
185:
182:
181:
178:
176:Total produced
172:
171:
168:
164:
163:
156:
152:
151:
148:
144:
143:
135:
134:
131:
123:
122:
121:FS class E.656
114:
113:
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3351:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3286:
3280:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2814:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2702:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2663:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1104:
1102:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1040:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1001:
997:
994:
990:
987:
986:Roma Casilina
983:
980:
976:
973:
969:
966:
962:
958:
955:
951:
950:
946:
941:
933:
926:
920:
917:
916:
912:
910:
903:
900:
897:
896:
895:
889:
886:
883:
882:
881:
875:
873:
871:
865:
863:
859:
855:
851:
846:
844:
839:
837:
833:
828:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
807:
802:
798:
794:
785:
781:
779:
771:
768:
765:
762:
761:
760:
758:
753:
747:
740:
737:
734:
733:
729:
726:
723:
722:
718:
715:
712:
711:
707:
704:
701:
700:
696:
693:
690:
689:
685:
682:
679:
678:
674:
671:
668:
667:
664:
661:
659:
655:
651:
646:
640:
637:
634:
633:
632:
626:
624:
622:
617:
613:
611:
603:
601:
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
570:
568:
564:
560:
558:Maximum speed
556:
551:
547:
538:
534:
526:
522:
517:
512:
508:
501:
496:
491:
479:
475:
471:
467:
464:
463:FS Trenitalia
461:
457:
452:
448:
440:
438:
434:
430:
425:
422:
418:
414:
412:Maximum speed
410:
405:
401:
394:
390:
386:
382:
380:
376:
373:
370:
368:
364:
361:
358:
355:
351:
349:
345:
341:
337:
319:
315:
297:
293:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
239:1,435 mm
237:
235:
231:
228:
225:
223:
220: •
218:
215:
212:
210:
207: •
205:
201:
196:
191:
187:
179:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
140:
136:
129:
124:
119:
110:
107:
99:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
2987:
2982:
1059:. Retrieved
1049:
970:5 July near
907:
893:
879:
869:
866:
857:
853:
849:
847:
842:
840:
835:
829:
823:
811:
804:
790:
775:
754:
751:
662:
657:
647:
644:
630:
618:
614:
607:
599:
582:
580:
428:
423:
420:Power output
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1125:locomotives
1121:Classes of
820:transducers
793:logic gates
654:control car
587:articulated
583:Class E.656
477:Disposition
339:Loco weight
3298:Categories
2667:Third rail
1041:References
832:contactors
797:capacitors
683:001 - 104
621:Trenitalia
524:Power type
480:In service
424:Continuous
372:Pantograph
167:Build date
147:Power type
66:newspapers
3283:see also
2665:650 V DC
1017:Viareggio
993:Solignano
824:avviatore
801:resistors
675:Features
469:Nicknames
459:Operators
334: in)
312: in)
290: in)
227:Bo′Bo′Bo′
170:1975–1989
96:June 2009
3110:Shunters
2997:25 kV AC
2640:Electric
1024:See also
816:c.e.m.f.
738:551-608
727:401-550
716:159-200
705:252-307
694:201-251
527:Electric
429:One hour
360:Catenary
257: in
202:
150:Electric
2816:3 kV DC
1061:30 June
1006:Libarna
972:Cuzzago
669:Series
329:⁄
307:⁄
285:⁄
252:⁄
155:Builder
80:scholar
3213:Ne 700
3178:RD.142
3168:Ne 120
3022:Diesel
2908:E.444R
2858:E.402B
2853:E.402A
961:Chiusi
922:units.
672:Units
627:Series
454:Career
391:RSC4;
352:3,000
317:Height
277:Length
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
3269:D.461
3264:D.449
3259:D.445
3254:D.443
3249:D.442
3244:D.345
3239:D.343
3234:D.342
3229:D.341
3198:D.147
3193:D.146
3188:D.145
3183:D.143
3173:D.141
3071:R.212
3009:E.492
3004:E.491
2988:E.656
2983:E.655
2978:E.652
2973:E.646
2968:E.645
2963:E.640
2958:E.636
2953:E.633
2948:E.632
2943:E.626
2938:E.625
2933:E.621
2928:E.464
2923:E.454
2918:E.453
2913:E.447
2903:E.444
2898:E.434
2893:E.428
2888:E.424
2883:E.414
2878:E.412
2873:E.405
2868:E.404
2863:E.403
2848:E.400
2843:E.326
2838:E.324
2833:E.323
2828:E.322
2823:E.321
2807:E.570
2802:E.472
2797:E.471
2792:E.470
2776:E.554
2771:E.552
2766:E.551
2761:E.550
2756:E.432
2751:E.431
2746:E.430
2741:E.390
2736:E.380
2731:E.360
2726:E.333
2721:E.332
2716:E.331
2711:E.330
2695:E.620
2690:E.420
2685:E.321
2680:E.320
2675:E.220
2656:E.421
2617:R.600
2612:R.443
2607:R.442
2602:R.441
2597:R.440
2592:R.410
2587:R.402
2582:R.401
2577:R.370
2572:R.310
2567:R.306
2562:R.305
2557:R.302
2552:R.301
2547:R.300
2542:R.202
2537:R.201
1131:Steam
757:E.646
610:bogie
595:E.646
295:Width
234:Gauge
214:B-B-B
87:JSTOR
73:books
1063:2009
806:Relè
735:6th
724:5th
713:4th
702:3rd
691:2nd
680:1st
581:The
393:SCMT
59:news
3208:372
3203:356
3152:255
3147:250
3142:245
3137:236
3132:235
3127:234
3122:225
3117:218
3101:218
3096:216
3091:215
3086:214
3081:213
3076:213
3066:211
3061:210
3056:209
3051:208
3046:208
3041:207
3036:206
2521:999
2516:981
2511:980
2506:950
2501:940
2496:915
2491:912
2486:910
2481:906
2476:905
2471:904
2466:902
2461:900
2456:899
2451:899
2446:898
2441:897
2436:896
2431:896
2426:895
2421:894
2416:893
2411:885
2406:882
2401:881
2396:880
2391:880
2386:877
2381:876
2376:875
2371:874
2366:874
2361:871
2356:870
2351:851
2346:850
2341:850
2336:849
2331:848
2326:842
2321:835
2316:831
2311:830
2306:830
2301:829
2296:828
2291:828
2286:828
2281:827
2276:826
2271:826
2266:825
2261:824
2256:823
2251:822
2246:821
2241:821
2236:820
2231:820
2226:819
2221:818
2216:817
2211:816
2206:815
2201:815
2196:815
2191:814
2186:813
2181:812
2176:811
2171:810
2166:810
2161:809
2156:806
2151:805
2146:804
2141:803
2136:803
2131:802
2126:802
2121:801
2116:800
2111:800
2095:750
2090:747
2085:747
2080:746
2075:745
2070:744
2065:743
2060:743
2055:741
2050:741
2045:740
2040:737
2035:736
2030:735
2025:731
2020:730
2015:729
2010:728
2005:720
2000:691
1995:690
1990:690
1985:688
1980:687
1975:686
1970:685
1965:683
1960:683
1955:682
1950:681
1945:680
1940:677
1935:676
1930:675
1925:672
1920:671
1915:670
1910:666
1905:660
1900:656
1895:653
1890:652
1885:650
1880:645
1875:640
1870:640
1865:630
1860:626
1855:625
1850:623
1845:607
1840:606
1835:605
1830:604
1825:603
1820:601
1815:600
1810:560
1805:556
1800:555
1795:554
1790:553
1785:552
1780:550
1775:545
1770:543
1765:542
1760:540
1755:540
1750:530
1745:513
1740:512
1735:510
1730:500
1725:499
1720:499
1715:482
1710:480
1705:479
1700:478
1695:477
1690:476
1685:475
1680:474
1675:473
1670:472
1665:471
1660:470
1655:460
1650:455
1645:454
1640:453
1635:452
1630:451
1625:450
1620:425
1615:424
1610:423
1605:422
1600:421
1595:420
1590:410
1585:400
1580:397
1575:396
1570:395
1565:394
1560:391
1555:390
1550:388
1545:385
1540:380
1535:320
1530:310
1525:293
1520:292
1515:291
1510:290
1505:272
1500:271
1495:270
1490:269
1485:268
1480:265
1475:262
1470:261
1465:260
1460:255
1455:224
1450:223
1445:222
1440:221
1435:220
1430:219
1425:218
1420:217
1415:216
1410:215
1405:212
1400:211
1395:209
1390:208
1385:207
1380:206
1375:201
1370:200
1365:198
1360:197
1355:196
1350:195
1345:194
1340:193
1335:190
1330:187
1325:186
1320:185
1315:183
1310:182
1305:182
1300:181
1295:181
1290:180
1285:170
1280:164
1275:163
1270:162
1265:161
1260:160
1255:158
1250:155
1245:150
1240:140
1235:139
1230:136
1225:122
1220:121
1215:120
1210:119
1205:119
1200:118
1195:117
1190:116
1185:114
1180:113
1175:112
1170:111
1165:110
1160:110
1155:103
1150:102
1145:100
1015:at
858:CEM
850:RAE
838:).
778:ohm
222:UIC
209:AAR
180:461
42:by
3300::
864:.
856:,
852:,
799:,
759::
383:DC
357:DC
300:10
259:)
2627:U
2622:P
1114:e
1107:t
1100:v
1065:.
1019:.
963:-
868:(
656:(
354:V
331:8
327:5
324:+
322:5
309:8
305:1
302:+
287:8
283:1
254:2
250:1
247:+
245:8
241:(
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
