198:
77:
342:) in having no bare skin around the base of its bill. Female Fiordland penguins lay a clutch of two eggs where the first-laid egg is much smaller than the second egg, generally hatches later, and shows higher mortality, demonstrating a brood reduction system that is unique from other avian groups. The Fiordland crested penguin has a much higher breeding success than most other Eudyptes species, even at sites with introduced and/or native predators.
33:
2470:
52:
1580:
2458:
370:
and its outlying islands. Fossils of this species have been found as far north as the northern end of the South Island, and they probably once nested in the North Island as well. Their range drastically reduced by hunting in
Polynesian times, and they are now only found in the least-populated part of
325:
This species is a medium-sized, yellow-crested, black-and-white penguin, growing to approximately 60 cm (24 in) long and weighing on average 3.7 kg (8.2 lb), with a weight range of 2 to 5.95 kg (4.4 to 13.1 lb). It has dark, bluish-grey upperparts with a darker head, and
729:
Fanning, L., Larsen, H., & Taylor, P. S. (2020). A preliminary study investigating the impact of musical concerts on the behavior of captive fiordland penguins (Eudyptes pachyrhynchus) and collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu).
429:
in 2013. Surveys in the 1990s counted 2,500 pairs, though this was likely an underestimate; based on historic trends, the population is probably continuing to decline. The main threats are introduced predators such dogs, cats,
743:
Theresa L Cole, Jonathan M Waters, Lara D Shepherd, Nicolas J Rawlence, Leo Joseph, Jamie R Wood; Ancient DNA reveals that the ‘extinct’ Hunter Island penguin (Tasidyptes hunteri) is not a distinct taxon.
350:
This penguin nests in colonies among tree roots and rocks in dense temperate coastal forest. It breeds along the shores in the West Coast of the South Island, south of about
2683:
879:
2874:
1188:
422:
2735:
318:
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326:
white underparts. Its broad, yellow eyebrow-stripe extends over the eye and drops down the neck. It can be distinguished from the similar
409:). However, the importance of cephalopods might be exaggerated. Prey taken seems to vary between Codfish Island and northern Fiordland.
2889:
1181:
911:
668:
St. Clair, Colleen (1992). "Incubation
Behavior, Brood Patch Formation and Obligate Brood Reduction in Fiordland Crested Penguins".
604:
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2904:
2833:
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854:
1174:
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263:
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2132:
1976:
1848:
1807:
1449:
1129:
438:. They are also vulnerable to human disturbance, fleeing nests and leaving chicks exposed to predators.
327:
171:
482:
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41:
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229:
764:(1989). "Diet of the Fiordland Crested penguin during the post-guard phase of chick growth".
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2318:
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1988:
1971:
1550:
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243:
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56:
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2005:
1993:
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406:
363:
335:
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2029:
1144:
689:
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61:
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2017:
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972:
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259:
2613:
2820:
2670:
2518:
2112:
1947:
1734:
962:
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402:
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818:
State of
Penguins: Fiordland penguin – detailed and current species account of
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2360:
1908:
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372:
359:
351:
267:
88:
2701:
1521:
1432:
1369:
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2269:
282:
The
Fiordland crested penguin was described in 1845 by English zoologist
247:
108:
2649:
2662:
2572:
1562:
1166:
952:
920:
681:
138:
128:
838:
Fiordland penguins from the
International Penguin Conservation website
2559:
1509:
1237:
98:
2675:
2639:
2480:
425:, and their status was changed from vulnerable to endangered by the
833:
The Tawaki
Project - Current research project on Fiordland penguins
711:
bones at
Marfell's Beach, Marlborough, South Island, New Zealand".
2634:
944:
435:
392:
316:
2786:
2227:
1690:
832:
562:"Rare penguins' Aussie arrival not a good sign, researcher says"
118:
2484:
1170:
893:
2237:
1780:
453:
451:
431:
321:
The
Fiordland penquin has a prominent yellow crest on its head
266:
and its outlying islands. Because it originally ranged beyond
508:". In Garcia-Borboroglu, Pablo & Boersma, P. Dee (eds.).
383:
The main prey species reported are cephalopods (85%, mainly
889:
848:
www.pinguins.info information about all species of penguins
847:
703:
Worthy, Trevor H. (1997). "The identification of fossil
254:. It currently breeds along the south-western coasts of
504:
Mattern, Thomas (2013). "Chapter 10: Fiordland penguin
297:/ρύγχος "beak". It is one of six species in the genus
2446:
512:. University of Washington Press. pp. 152–167.
2493:
2182:
2062:
1936:
1711:
1587:
1204:
1107:
1081:
1045:
1017:
986:
960:
942:
885:
Fiordland
Crested Penguin, New Zealand Birds Online
622:by John B. Dunning Jr. (Editor). CRC Press (1992),
483:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22697776A182279725.en
301:, the generic name derived from the Ancient Greek
536:Worthy, Trevor H.; Holdaway, Richard N. (2002).
937:: Spheniscidae · subfamily: Spheniscinae)
577:
575:
1182:
905:
371:New Zealand. The species was also present in
8:
788:Ellenberg, U. (2013). Miskelly, C.M. (ed.).
540:. Bloomington IN: Indiana University Press.
2432:
2415:
2403:
2386:
2374:
2332:
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2273:
2256:
2219:
2207:
2195:
2170:
2158:
2136:
2099:
2077:
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2038:
2021:
2009:
1997:
1980:
1963:
1951:
1924:
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1900:
1888:
1876:
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1852:
1840:
1823:
1811:
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1600:
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1412:
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1349:
1337:
1325:
1313:
1301:
1289:
1277:
1265:
1253:
1241:
1229:
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645:The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand
391:), followed by crustaceans (13%, primarily
2481:
1189:
1175:
1167:
912:
898:
890:
510:Penguins: Natural History and Conservation
417:Fiordland crested penguins are classed as
196:
50:
31:
22:
750:https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx043
746:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
643:Heather, Barrie; Robertson, Hugh (2015).
481:
274:. It is occasionally found in Australia.
286:, its specific epithet derived from the
2453:
870:Fiordland penguin - www.penguins.com.au
447:
2875:IUCN Red List near threatened species
783:
781:
779:
595:(Abridged ed.). United Kingdom:
270:, it is sometimes referred to as the
7:
2761:625162ea-9c5a-40d5-a2bc-7c4eb21a7ca4
638:
636:
531:
529:
874:Fiordland penguin discussed on RNZ
670:Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
469:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
14:
620:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses
2910:Taxa named by George Robert Gray
2468:
2456:
2341:North Island little spotted kiwi
1578:
843:Penguin World: Fiordland penguin
75:
458:BirdLife International (2020).
2292:North Island stout-legged wren
2287:South Island stout-legged wren
1:
2915:Endemic birds of New Zealand
1038:(or northern little penguin)
713:New Zealand Natural Sciences
2900:Vulnerable fauna of Oceania
1140:Northern rockhopper penguin
1135:Southern rockhopper penguin
855:"Fiordland Crested Penguin"
790:"Fiordland crested penguin"
272:New Zealand crested penguin
2931:
2412:New Zealand owlet-nightjar
1486:South Island oystercatcher
427:Department of Conservation
2890:Birds of the South Island
2751:fiordland-crested-penguin
2253:Auckland Island merganser
1576:
933:: Sphenisciformes ·
927:
538:The Lost World of the Moa
476:: e.T22697776A182279725.
204:
195:
177:
170:
72:Scientific classification
70:
48:
39:
30:
25:
2265:Chatham Island merganser
1832:Northern royal albatross
1820:New Zealand storm petrel
1032:(or little blue penguin)
820:(Eudyptes pachyrhynchus)
794:New Zealand Birds Online
647:. New Zealand: Penguin.
346:Distribution and habitat
2905:Birds described in 1845
1885:South Island saddleback
1873:North Island saddleback
1849:Orange-fronted parakeet
1621:North Island brown kiwi
1036:White-flippered penguin
992:(brush-tailed penguins)
826:14 January 2020 at the
597:Oxford University Press
592:A Greek-English Lexicon
401:) and fish (2%, mainly
205:Current breeding range
2852:Eudyptes-pachyrhynchus
2565:eudyptes-pachyrhynchus
2552:Eudyptes_pachyrhynchus
2539:Eudyptes_pachyrhynchus
2525:Eudyptes pachyrhynchus
2495:Eudyptes pachyrhynchus
2433:
2416:
2404:
2387:
2375:
2333:
2311:
2274:
2257:
2220:
2208:
2196:
2171:
2159:
2137:
2100:
2078:
2051:
2039:
2022:
2010:
1998:
1981:
1964:
1952:
1925:
1913:
1901:
1889:
1877:
1865:
1853:
1841:
1824:
1812:
1800:
1796:New Zealand fairy tern
1763:
1751:
1739:
1727:
1700:
1683:
1661:
1649:
1637:
1625:
1613:
1601:
1567:
1555:
1543:
1531:
1527:Variable oystercatcher
1514:
1502:
1490:
1478:
1466:
1454:
1442:
1425:
1413:
1391:
1379:
1362:
1350:
1338:
1326:
1314:
1302:
1290:
1278:
1266:
1254:
1242:
1230:
1218:
506:Eudyptes pachyrhynchus
462:Eudyptes pachyrhynchus
368:Stewart Island/Rakiura
322:
264:Stewart Island/Rakiura
218:Eudyptes pachyrhynchus
181:Eudyptes pachyrhynchus
2808:Paleobiology Database
2424:New Zealand musk duck
2371:Scarlett's shearwater
2248:South Island adzebill
2243:North Island adzebill
2133:Erect-crested penguin
1977:Chatham oystercatcher
1808:New Zealand king shag
1450:New Zealand rock wren
1130:Erect-crested penguin
583:Liddell, Henry George
398:Nyctiphanes australis
328:erect-crested penguin
320:
221:), also known as the
163:E. pachyrhynchus
2074:Antipodean albatross
2064:Subantarctic islands
1387:New Zealand dotterel
1286:Double-banded plover
1198:Birds of New Zealand
2383:North Island takahē
2258:rakiraki maungahuka
2204:New Zealand bittern
2192:South Island piopio
2145:Reischek's parakeet
1791:South Island kōkako
1786:North Island kōkako
1674:South Island takahē
1657:Yellow-eyed penguin
1645:Southern brown kiwi
1609:Little spotted kiwi
1093:Yellow-eyed penguin
876:Critter of the Week
389:Nototodarus sloanii
293:/παχυ- "thick" and
42:Conservation status
2351:South Island snipe
2346:North Island snipe
2167:Subantarctic snipe
2118:Campbell albatross
2108:Antipodes parakeet
2052:kawau o rangihaute
1723:Black-fronted tern
1597:Great spotted kiwi
1539:White-fronted tern
1404:North Island robin
1399:South Island robin
1358:Long-tailed cuckoo
1298:New Zealand falcon
1113:(crested penguins)
1058:Magellanic penguin
857:. Photo Volcaniaca
692:– via JSTOR.
682:10.1007/bf00170608
323:
284:George Robert Gray
26:Fiordland penguin
2862:
2861:
2795:Open Tree of Life
2487:Taxon identifiers
2444:
2443:
2395:New Zealand goose
2216:New Zealand quail
1960:Chatham albatross
1679:Fiordland penguin
1421:Paradise shelduck
1409:New Zealand scaup
1346:Sacred kingfisher
1334:Grey-faced petrel
1226:Black-billed gull
1164:
1163:
1120:Fiordland penguin
1068:Galapagos penguin
1051:(banded penguins)
1023:(little penguins)
1004:Chinstrap penguin
654:978-0-143-57092-9
628:978-0-8493-4258-5
519:978-0-253-34034-4
434:, and especially
340:Eudyptes robustus
332:Eudyptes sclateri
309:/δύπτης "diver".
213:Fiordland penguin
209:
208:
65:
2922:
2855:
2854:
2842:
2841:
2829:
2828:
2816:
2815:
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2578:A143FB33F08F1A0B
2568:
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2541:
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2527:
2514:
2513:
2512:
2482:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2461:
2460:
2459:
2452:
2436:
2429:New Zealand swan
2419:
2407:
2390:
2378:
2336:
2314:
2282:Long-billed wren
2277:
2260:
2223:
2211:
2199:
2174:
2162:
2140:
2103:
2081:
2054:
2042:
2025:
2013:
2001:
1989:Chatham parakeet
1984:
1972:Chatham gerygone
1967:
1955:
1928:
1916:
1904:
1892:
1880:
1868:
1856:
1844:
1827:
1815:
1803:
1766:
1754:
1742:
1730:
1703:
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1640:
1628:
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1604:
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1534:
1517:
1505:
1493:
1481:
1469:
1457:
1445:
1428:
1416:
1394:
1382:
1365:
1353:
1341:
1329:
1317:
1305:
1293:
1281:
1269:
1262:Buff-banded rail
1257:
1245:
1233:
1221:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1168:
1150:Macaroni penguin
1063:Humboldt penguin
966:(great penguins)
914:
907:
900:
891:
866:
864:
862:
805:
804:
802:
800:
785:
774:
773:
758:
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356:Open Bay Islands
200:
183:
80:
79:
59:
54:
53:
35:
23:
2930:
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2780:
2772:
2769:Observation.org
2767:
2759:
2757:
2749:
2747:
2739:
2734:
2726:
2721:
2713:
2708:
2700:
2695:
2687:
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2674:
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2625:
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2612:
2610:
2602:
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2576:
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2563:
2558:
2550:
2545:
2537:
2532:
2523:
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2517:
2508:
2507:
2502:
2489:
2479:
2469:
2467:
2457:
2455:
2447:
2445:
2440:
2324:Waitaha penguin
2319:Chatham penguin
2184:
2178:
2066:
2058:
1940:
1938:Chatham Islands
1932:
1861:Red-billed gull
1854:kākāriki karaka
1715:
1713:
1707:
1589:
1583:
1574:
1206:
1200:
1195:
1165:
1160:
1155:Chatham penguin
1103:
1098:Waitaha penguin
1077:
1073:African penguin
1041:
1013:
999:Adélie penguin
982:
978:Emperor penguin
956:
938:
923:
918:
860:
858:
852:
828:Wayback Machine
814:
809:
808:
798:
796:
787:
786:
777:
760:
759:
755:
742:
738:
734:, 10(11), 2035.
728:
724:
702:
701:
697:
667:
666:
662:
655:
642:
641:
634:
618:
614:
607:
581:
580:
573:
568:. 11 July 2023.
560:
559:
555:
548:
535:
534:
527:
520:
503:
502:
498:
488:
486:
457:
456:
449:
444:
419:near threatened
415:
381:
348:
315:
305:/ευ "good" and
280:
244:crested penguin
226:crested penguin
191:
185:
179:
166:
129:Sphenisciformes
74:
66:
57:Near Threatened
55:
51:
44:
17:
16:Species of bird
12:
11:
5:
2928:
2926:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2867:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2843:
2830:
2817:
2804:
2791:
2778:
2765:
2755:
2745:
2732:
2719:
2706:
2693:
2680:
2667:
2654:
2644:
2631:
2618:
2608:
2595:
2582:
2569:
2556:
2543:
2530:
2515:
2499:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2478:
2477:
2465:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2426:
2421:
2409:
2397:
2392:
2380:
2368:
2366:Imber's petrel
2363:
2358:
2356:Forbes's snipe
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2329:Eyles' harrier
2326:
2321:
2316:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2267:
2262:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2213:
2201:
2188:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2164:
2155:Snares penguin
2152:
2147:
2142:
2138:tawaki nana hī
2130:
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2307:Laughing owl
2302:Chatham kākā
2297:Lyall's wren
2150:Snares snipe
2018:Chatham shag
1897:Shore plover
1771:Foveaux shag
1696:Blue penguin
1678:
1633:Okarito kiwi
1498:Spotted shag
1426:pūtangitangi
1322:Grey warbler
1119:
1108:
1082:
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973:King penguin
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859:. Retrieved
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139:Spheniscidae
20:
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2821:SeaLifeBase
2671:iNaturalist
2519:Wikispecies
2475:New Zealand
2417:ruru hinapō
2113:Bounty shag
1948:Black robin
1735:Black stilt
1568:ngutuparore
1532:tōrea pango
1443:tītipounamu
1392:tūturiwhatu
1267:moho-pererū
963:Aptenodytes
853:Roscoe, R.
489:19 November
385:arrow squid
313:Description
256:New Zealand
252:New Zealand
2869:Categories
2847:Xeno-canto
2405:manutahora
2361:Snipe-rail
2275:mātuhituhi
1921:Yellowhead
1909:Stitchbird
1837:Otago shag
1825:takahikare
1712:Endangered
1588:Flightless
1503:pārekareka
1315:pīwakawaka
1250:Brown teal
1084:Megadyptes
1048:Spheniscus
989:Pygoscelis
772:: 151–156.
748:, zlx043,
709:Megadyptes
442:References
188:G. R. Gray
2895:Fiordland
2160:pokotiwha
2047:Pitt shag
1902:tūturuatu
1866:tarāpunga
1813:kawau tūī
1747:Blue duck
1728:tarapiroe
1556:pōpokotea
1551:Whitehead
1474:Silvereye
1157:(extinct)
1100:(extinct)
1020:Eudyptula
690:189890803
373:Australia
366:, and on
360:Fiordland
358:, around
352:Bruce Bay
268:Fiordland
240:pokotiwha
223:Fiordland
157:Species:
95:Kingdom:
89:Eukaryota
2885:Penguins
2880:Eudyptes
2728:22697776
2689:11325121
2591:22697776
2586:BirdLife
2504:Wikidata
2270:Bushwren
2172:tutukiwi
1801:tara-iti
1759:Fernbird
1716:(flying)
1515:miromiro
1455:pīwauwau
1438:Rifleman
1380:pīhoihoi
1327:riroriro
1303:kārearea
1291:pohowera
1274:Dabchick
1231:tarāpuka
1219:korimako
1214:Bellbird
1110:Eudyptes
921:Penguins
861:13 April
824:Archived
799:23 March
766:Notornis
719:: 71–85.
705:Eudyptes
589:(1980).
566:ABC News
354:and the
299:Eudyptes
295:rhynchos
278:Taxonomy
246:species
242:), is a
150:Eudyptes
135:Family:
109:Chordata
105:Phylum:
99:Animalia
85:Domain:
62:IUCN 3.1
2663:2481634
2640:fiopen1
2614:fiopen1
2573:Avibase
2510:Q622637
2449:Portals
2334:kērangi
2209:kaoriki
2183:Extinct
1999:ranguru
1650:tokoeka
1563:Wrybill
1414:pāpango
1363:koekoeā
1310:Fantail
953:Species
732:Animals
421:by the
403:red cod
248:endemic
145:Genus:
125:Order:
115:Class:
60: (
2839:225971
2813:143761
2800:976561
2787:225971
2758:NZOR:
2748:NZBO:
2715:174454
2647:ECOS:
2560:ARKive
2376:ōiruki
2312:whēkau
2221:koreke
2197:piopio
1953:karure
1842:Matapo
1764:mātātā
1701:kororā
1684:tawaki
1669:Kākāpō
1510:Tomtit
1479:tauhou
1433:Pūkeko
1370:Kererū
1351:kōtare
1279:weweia
1255:pāteke
1243:pipipi
1205:Common
935:family
688:
651:
626:
603:
585:&
544:
516:
436:stoats
334:) and
307:dyptes
291:pachy-
235:tawaki
190:, 1845
2834:WoRMS
2826:73703
2774:73565
2741:37080
2702:83308
2684:IRMNG
2635:eBird
2627:6GWJ2
2611:BOW:
2604:52301
2463:Birds
2434:poūwa
2185:birds
2079:Toroa
2067:birds
2040:tāiko
2023:papua
2011:parea
1982:tōrea
1965:toroa
1941:birds
1926:mōhua
1890:tīeke
1878:tīeke
1662:hoiho
1626:roroa
1602:roroa
1590:birds
1491:tōrea
1375:Pipit
1207:birds
945:Genus
931:order
686:S2CID
393:krill
230:Māori
2782:OBIS
2736:NCBI
2723:IUCN
2710:ITIS
2676:3823
2658:GBIF
2650:1625
2599:BOLD
2388:moho
2228:Huia
1914:hihi
1776:Kākā
1752:whio
1740:kakī
1691:Weka
1638:rowi
1544:tara
863:2008
801:2017
707:and
649:ISBN
624:ISBN
601:ISBN
542:ISBN
514:ISBN
491:2021
474:2020
432:rats
423:IUCN
407:hoki
405:and
379:Diet
362:and
228:(in
211:The
119:Aves
2697:ISC
2622:CoL
2547:AFD
2534:ADW
2238:Moa
1781:Kea
1522:Tūī
678:doi
478:doi
258:'s
250:to
238:or
2871::
2849::
2836::
2823::
2810::
2797::
2784::
2771::
2738::
2725::
2712::
2699::
2686::
2673::
2660::
2637::
2624::
2601::
2588::
2575::
2562::
2549::
2536::
2521::
2506::
1339:ōi
878:,
792:.
778:^
770:36
768:.
717:23
715:.
684:.
674:31
672:.
635:^
599:.
574:^
564:.
528:^
472:.
466:.
450:^
395:,
387:,
375:.
303:eu
232:,
2451::
2437:)
2431:(
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2414:(
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2402:(
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2373:(
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2141:)
2135:(
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2098:(
2082:)
2076:(
2055:)
2049:(
2043:)
2037:(
2026:)
2020:(
2014:)
2008:(
2002:)
1996:(
1985:)
1979:(
1968:)
1962:(
1956:)
1950:(
1929:)
1923:(
1917:)
1911:(
1905:)
1899:(
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1887:(
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1875:(
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1863:(
1857:)
1851:(
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