993:(UFMCC). The lounge had recently served as a temporary home for the UFMCC in New Orleans, and although that function had recently moved to another site, this was the third fire in the first half of 1973 at a UFMCC church facility Troy Perry, founder of the UFMCC, flew to New Orleans from Los Angeles to organize a funeral service for the victims. Every church he asked to let him use its sanctuary for the service rejected his request. Bishop Crutchfield authorized a small Methodist church in the French Quarter to provide its space. The service was held there on July 1, 1973. Bishop Crutchfield was among the 200 people who attended.
921:, in 1950. He was only 34 years old, relatively young for such a high position in such an important church. He proved that he could fill the sanctuary with his exceptional oratory ability, persuade people to make monetary gifts to the church and inspire many younger people to join the ministry. He was elected to the General Conference in 1956. He was the delegation's leader for the next four conferences because he was the top vote-getter. In 1960, he was sent to the
929:. The Boston Avenue church was often regarded as a stepping stone on the path to becoming a bishop in the Methodist Church. The church is one of (if not the) largest and wealthiest of its denomination in Oklahoma. Five of its senior pastors have been elevated to that high position. Crutchfield was focused on growing the church's membership, so he started televising his Sunday services. He even dared controversy by inviting the well-known
110:
784:
965:
Pentecostal doctrines and practices, those could be overlooked by compromise. Bishop Smith agreed that
Roberts could continue his evangelistic mission unfettered by rules of the Methodist Church. After several discussions, Smith reportedly told Roberts, "We need you, but we need the Holy Spirit more than we need you, and we've got to have the Holy Spirit in the Methodist Church."
953:
meeting between
Roberts and Angie W. Smith, then the Methodist bishop over the Oklahoma Conference and who was Crutchfield's superior. Crutchfield reassured Roberts by saying, "I have fine men in my church who are from your university. ... They are the most effective Christians in my church." Roberts said, "do you know they all
981:
As bishop, Crutchfield had a strong desire to revitalize the churches in his diocese. Their congregations had been declining in size and influence for several years, like many other mainstream churches. He began requiring the ministers in his diocese to report monthly how many members they had gained
968:
After joining the Boston Avenue church, Roberts completed a course about
Methodist doctrine that would qualify him as a minister. Church officials agreed to accept his Pentecostal ordination, allowing him to become a Methodist minister. Roberts explained afterward that there would be "no change in my
1000:
Crutchfield retired from his church career in 1984. One of his last official acts was to attend and speak at the
Methodist General Conference in that year, where he made a speech supporting the church's opposition to homosexuality. He and his wife then moved back to Houston, where, in 1985, he began
1029:
Finis
Crutchfield was hospitalized in late 1986, where he remained for 162 days. He died on May 21, 1987. The death certificate listed the cause of death as AIDS. Exactly how he contracted this disease was never discovered. There was no indication of intravenous drug use and the bishop denied any
916:
in 1940; his thesis was entitled "Christian principles in the teachings of
Epictetus". Shortly after graduation, he married Benja Lee Bell. The Methodist Church then assigned him to First United Methodist Church in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. During that assignment, Benja Lee bore their only child, a
1043:
Rumors that Finis
Crutchfield had a secret life as a non-celibate gay man began to surface soon after he moved to Tulsa. After Crutchfield died, a gay Methodist minister claimed that he had first learned of this secret from a gay partner while he was studying in seminary during the early 1960s. A
1025:
His death became an object of controversy due to speculation over the manner in which he contracted AIDS. He insisted to the end of his life that he was heterosexual and he did not admit to any high-risk activities. This resulted in some measure of popular panic that AIDS was communicable through
1013:
in
Houston, he became so hoarse from coughing that he could not continue speaking. He saw a specialist, but the doctor could not diagnose the real cause. Then he began to have digestive problems and difficulty sleeping. A case of influenza developed into pneumonia around Thanksgiving, and he was
1155:
Other sources reported that St. George's
Episcopal Church held an unauthorized commemorative service in New Orleans on the night after the fire. Father William Richardson, then rector of the church had volunteered the use of his church. He said that Bishop Crutchfield offered the use of Rampart
977:
Finis
Crutchfield was elected a bishop of the Methodist Church by the annual conference in 1972. After serving the church in Oklahoma for 32 years, he was posted to lead the Louisiana Conference, headquartered in New Orleans. In 1976, he was made bishop of the Texas Conference, headquartered in
952:
evangelist, shocked many when he formally joined Boston Avenue Methodist Church on March 17, 1968. Initially, the act appeared to be a hasty occurrence, but it was later revealed to have resulted from discussions over a period of time between Roberts and Crutchfield. Crutchfield then arranged a
1174:
Charles Crutchfield, the bishop's son, said that he and his father had an extremely candid discussion just before the father died, and that the father had solemnly said that he had never had a homosexual contact. Charles accepted his father's statements, adding that, "It is not in my father's
1051:
expose said that rumors were heard by some people in the Methodist ministry, who usually chose to ignore them because of lack of proof. However, a group of members at Boston Avenue church were sufficiently alarmed about the rumors that they hired a private investigator to check them out. When
964:
Both Smith and Roberts saw advantages from such a move. For Roberts, it represented moving into the mainstream of American Protestantism. For Smith, Roberts' dynamism and creativity was like a magnet for attracting new members. Although there were theological differences between Methodist and
982:
or lost, how many people came to Sunday school and how many came to the regular Sunday services. He rewarded ministers who made passing grades with congratulatory letters or phone calls. He rewarded those with appointments to more prestigious churches, when the time came.
856:
in 1940. His first assignment was First United Methodist Church in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. He remained there until he was sent to Norman, Oklahoma, in 1950. Ten years later he became senior pastor at Boston Avenue Methodist Church in Tulsa. He was credited with bringing
969:
standard of the Full Gospel message or of my life, my ministry, or of ORU." Crutchfield followed up by saying to Roberts' followers, "The Methodist Church ... does not seek to impose conformity on its members and it encourages every sincere approach to God."
1034:
homosexual, which, if true, might indicate the vector for contraction of the disease. Belief that such a prominent public and religious figure had been gay had an effect on the perception of gays both within the public and within the gay community.
1063:'Self-avowed practicing homosexual' means that a person openly acknowledges to a bishop, district superintendent, district committee of ordained ministry, board of ordained ministry, or clergy session that the person is a practicing homosexual."
941:
Crutchfield was noted for his zeal in revitalizing and expanding the membership of the Methodist Church. He would even generate controversy by his ways of doing so. One of his most controversial (and successful) efforts might be called the
1059:: "The practice of homosexuality is incompatible with Christian teaching. Therefore self-avowed practicing homosexuals are not to be certified as candidates, ordained as ministers, or appointed to serve in The United Methodist Church."
1052:
Crutchfield learned of this action, he responded through his own sources that he would sue the individuals involved for harassment, unless the surveillance ceased. His strategy was successful, and church authorities took no action.
884:, on August 22, 1916. His father, Finis Crutchfield Sr., was a Methodist minister, as was his paternal grandfather. The father was sent by the church to many different towns while his son was growing up. These included
1297:
912:, where he was elected president of the student council in 1934. It was there where he demonstrated a gifted speaking ability. He then enrolled in Duke University where he earned a degree from the
961:?" Crutchfield replied that he was very aware of that, adding, "They're not carrying this around as a badge of superiority. They're interested in helping people and building the kingdom."
868:
In 1972, he was elected as a bishop and sent to New Orleans. In 1976, he was sent to Texas as bishop of the Texas Conference, headquartered in Houston. He retired in 1984, and died of
990:
1417:
1101:
Finis Jr. was five years old when his father was posted to the Tyler Street Methodist Church. There, he first met Benja Lee Bell, who would marry him twenty years later.
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homosexual activity even as he was dying. After his death, claims were made by acquaintances and some fellow clergy that Bishop Crutchfield had lived for decades as a
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However, Yoffe said that the records of the Houston Health Department stated that the cause of the infection was, "Undetermined at this time."
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into the Methodist Church (although Roberts later left) and served as a negotiator in the 1968 merger of the Methodist Church with the
862:
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The UFMCC is a church founded in 1968 by Reverend Troy Perry to minister to gay people, who were often unwelcome in other churches.
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Examples of such differences include faith healing and speaking in tongues, both practiced by Pentecostals, but not by Methodists.
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son named Charles. Finis stayed in that position until he was assigned to the McFarlin Memorial United Methodist Church in
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magazine wrote that: "all signs pointed to arson, but the police investigation ran cold. No one was ever prosecuted."
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900:. His older sister, Artha, was the wife of Alsie Carlson, who was also a Methodist minister and later a bishop.
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former minister in Nashville claimed he had heard about Crutchfield's homosexuality also in the 1960s.
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1504:"The people of the United Methodist Church: Full Book of Discipline Statements."#304.3 Qualifications
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989:. Thirty two people died in the fire, including Reverend Bill Larson, the local minister of the
978:
Houston. He was then elected to a one-year term as president of the Council of Bishops in 1982.
422:
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1418:"The Upstairs Lounge Fire: The Little Known Story of the Largest Killing of Gays in US History"
1114:(ORU), which the evangelist founded and which continues to have ties to the Pentecostal Church.
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Vrazo, Fawn. "Methodists In Texas Jolted By 3 Scandals". philly.com. June 10, 1987
1018:
for treatment. Early in January 1987, the doctors informed his family that he had
1440:
Ose, Erik. "Gay Weddings and 32 Funerals: Remembering the UpStairs Lounge Fire".
1226:
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On June 24, 1973, the UpStairs Lounge, a gay bar in New Orleans' French Quarter
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The bishop had always enjoyed robust health until 1986. While preaching at
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169:
63:
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Street Methodist Church for another service on the following Sunday.
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later reported the attendance at the July 1 service was 250.
1351:"Bishop Finis Crutchfield, 70; A Methodist, Victim of AIDS"
991:
Universal Fellowship of Metropolitan Community Churches
1456:"Bill Richardson – rest in peace and rise in glory".
852:. He began his pastoral career after graduating from
1519:"Christian principles in the teachings of Epictetus"
844:May 21, 1987) was a noted American clergyman and a
79:
71:
52:
30:
23:
1473:"Hanky Panky tainted religious circles in 1987"
1078:List of bishops of the United Methodist Church
806:
8:
1389:. Indiana University Press. pp. 293–4.
937:to become a member of the Methodist church.
1383:Harrell, David Edwin (September 22, 1985).
813:
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193:
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20:
1378:
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1330:, Indiana University Press, p. 294,
1001:to work with people suffering from AIDS.
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256:Explanatory Notes Upon the New Testament
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1057:The Methodist Book of Common Discipline
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1444:. July 11, 2008, updated May 25, 2011.
1231:"The Double Life of Finis Crutchfield"
1435:
1433:
292:Four sources of theological authority
7:
1565:Southern Methodist University alumni
402:The Sunday Service of the Methodists
1020:acquired immune deficiency syndrome
1011:St. Paul's United Methodist Church
863:Evangelical United Brethren Church
14:
1545:American United Methodist bishops
1026:casual contact, later disproven.
595:Methodist Church of Great Britain
267:Distinctive beliefs and practices
1550:20th-century Methodist ministers
782:
756:Ordination of women in Methodism
342:Sanctification (growth in grace)
108:
854:Duke University Divinity School
1521:, Crutchfield's thesis at Duke
1386:Oral Roberts: An American Life
1327:Oral Roberts: An American Life
1306:. May 24, 1987. Archived from
1298:"Finis Alonzo Crutchfield, Jr"
1175:character to have lied to me."
948:Oral Roberts, best known as a
923:Boston Avenue Methodist Church
690:Conservative holiness movement
1:
910:Southern Methodist University
621:Other Methodist denominations
75:Methodist minister and bishop
1575:20th-century American clergy
1570:AIDS-related deaths in Texas
1555:People from Henrietta, Texas
1083:UpStairs Lounge arson attack
826:Finis Alonzo Crutchfield Jr.
362:Baptism with the Holy Spirit
248:Sermons on Several Occasions
1560:Duke Divinity School alumni
1506:Accessed December 28, 2015.
1462:Accessed February 17, 2016.
1446:Accessed February 20, 2016.
1073:Homosexuality and Methodism
751:Homosexuality and Methodism
514:William Williams Pantycelyn
287:Priesthood of all believers
1591:
1494:Accessed January 23, 2016.
1016:Houston Methodist Hospital
724:Methodist views on alcohol
1275:(2): 78. April 27, 1988.
302:Substitutionary atonement
16:American Methodist bishop
1268:Daily Christian Advocate
1110:The statement refers to
880:Crutchfield was born in
729:Methodist local preacher
408:Covenant Renewal Service
280:Conditional preservation
25:Finis Alonzo Crutchfield
1112:Oral Roberts University
850:United Methodist Church
789:Christianity portal
695:Holiness Pentecostalism
615:Global Methodist Church
610:World Methodist Council
605:United Methodist Church
987:caught fire and burned
544:Countess of Huntingdon
519:Benjamin Titus Roberts
307:Imparted righteousness
908:Crutchfield attended
712:Other relevant topics
600:Free Methodist Church
504:John William Fletcher
347:Sunday Sabbatarianism
155:First Great Awakening
1322:Harrell, David Edwin
914:Duke Divinity School
761:Bishops in Methodism
524:Walter Ashbel Sellew
443:Brush arbour revival
357:Second work of grace
352:Christian perfection
241:Articles of Religion
135:in the United States
1478:The Tuscaloosa News
957: ... (and) in
944:Oral Roberts Affair
719:Saints in Methodism
197:Doctrinal standards
1481:. January 2, 1988.
1460:. October 9, 2007.
1356:The New York Times
1310:on April 26, 2010.
836:August 22, 1916 –
734:Itinerant preacher
645:General Conference
453:Watchnight service
275:Assurance of faith
1337:978-0-253-15844-4
973:Service as bishop
823:
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685:Holiness movement
650:Methodist Circuit
554:George Whitefield
384:
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297:Covenant theology
175:Wesleyan theology
87:
86:
80:Years active
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1426:. June 21, 2013.
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1303:Orlando Sentinel
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1229:(October 1987).
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955:speak in tongues
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919:Norman, Oklahoma
904:Career as pastor
882:Henrietta, Texas
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332:Prevenient grace
327:Outward holiness
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1359:. May 25, 1987.
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233:Apostles' Creed
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41:August 22, 1916
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1263:"In Memoriam"
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1236:Texas Monthly
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1227:Coffee, Emily
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1055:According to
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228:Nicene Creed
58:(1987-05-21)
56:May 21, 1987
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1540:1987 deaths
1535:1916 births
1243:(10): 190.
1039:Secret life
950:Pentecostal
567:Theologians
499:Thomas Coke
476:John Wesley
160:Moravianism
150:Arminianism
145:Anglicanism
115:John Wesley
1529:Categories
1396:0253114411
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876:Early life
840:1987-05-21
832:1916-08-22
433:Tabernacle
418:Altar call
124:Background
37:1916-08-22
1281:0418-2685
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872:in 1987.
448:Lovefeast
322:Free will
317:New birth
312:Moral law
102:Methodism
83:1940–1984
45:Henrietta
1324:(1985),
1067:See also
1032:closeted
1022:(AIDS).
586:Churches
189:Doctrine
94:a series
92:Part of
959:healing
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170:Pietism
131:History
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1404:2016
1391:ISBN
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
