1267:
540:, which included the question of why humans, unlike all other land mammals, had fat attached to their skin, Hardy realized that this trait sounded like the blubber of marine mammals, and began to suspect that humans had ancestors that were more aquatic than previously imagined. Fearing a backlash against such a radical idea, he kept this hypothesis secret until 1960, when he spoke and later wrote on the subject, which subsequently became known as the
564:, Hardy had a lifelong interest in spiritual phenomena, but aware that his interests were likely to be considered unorthodox in the scientific community, apart from occasional lectures he kept his opinions to himself until his retirement from his Oxford Chair. During the academic sessions of 1963–4 and 1964–5, he gave the
47:
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422:
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samples and stores them on a moving band of silk, preserving them in formalin. His pioneering research into plankton distribution and abundance is continued by the
Continuous Plankton Recorder Survey (CPR Survey).
361:
equally drawn to science and art, and if the truth be known, I must confess that it is the latter that has the greater appeal. I am lucky in not having been torn between the two; I have managed to combine
370:, who apparently mistook him for a different Hardy who was a professional artist. Hardy however did have sufficient artistic skill to serve his military and scientific work. He illustrated his
763:
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1997:
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792:
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382:" both accurately and vividly. Hardy described the camoufleurs as including artists and "scientists with artistic inclinations", himself perhaps among them.
1992:
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2012:
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2017:
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211:
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454:. Through his studies of zooplankton and its relationship with predators, he became expert in marine mammals such as whales. Whilst on board the
2057:
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580:. These lectures signalled his wholehearted return to his religious interests. In 1969 he founded the Religious Experience Research Unit in
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264:
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2007:
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615:, seeing religious awareness as having evolved in response to a genuine dimension of reality. For his work in founding the
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409:, recording his visits to temples in all those countries in watercolour paintings. Many of these are in the
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235:. He had the artistic skill to illustrate his books with his own drawings, maps, diagrams, and paintings.
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Hardy wrote numerous scientific papers on plankton, fish and whales. He wrote two popular books in the
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books with his own line drawings, maps, diagrams, photographs, and paintings. For example, plate 2 of
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Morgan, E (2002). "Was man more aquatic in the past. What happens when you change the paradigm?".
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and continues to investigate the nature and function of spiritual and religious experience at the
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734:& South Sandwich Islands in 2011 with a set of four commemorative stamps bearing his image.
841:"Revisiting Abbott Thayer: non-scientific reflections about camouflage in art, war and zoology"
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339:, an architect, and his wife, Elizabeth Hannah Clavering. He was educated not far away at
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in 1914, but on the outbreak of war he instead volunteered for the army, and was made a
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from 1928 – 1942. In 1942, he was then appointed
Professor of Natural History at the
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Biographical Index of Former
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002
794:
Biographical Index of Former
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002
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The
Plankton of the South Georgia Whaling Grounds and Adjacent Waters, 1926-7
260:; it enabled any ship to collect plankton samples during an ordinary voyage.
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The
University of Hull has named a building on its Hull Campus after Hardy.
518:). He held the view that behavioral changes can be important for evolution.
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680:. New York and Evanston: Harper & Row, Publishers. 1965 – via
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Stamps Issues: SGSSI Recognize the
Pioneering Work of Sir Alister Hardy
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The
Spiritual Nature of Man: Study of Contemporary Religious Experience
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The Divine Flame: An Essay
Towards A Natural History of Religion
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The Open Sea. Its
Natural History (Part II) Fish & Fisheries
653:
The Open Sea. Its Natural History (Part I) The World of Plankton
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1280:
1241:
The Alister Hardy Society for the Study of Spiritual Experience
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972:
Lamarck, Evolution, and the Inheritance of Acquired Characters
514:. He was a proponent of organic selection (also known as the
611:
Hardy's biological approach to the roots of religion is non-
544:
in academic circles, and has been promoted in particular by
490:, a position he held until 1963. In 1940, Hardy was made a
572:
on 'Evolution and the spirit of Man', later published as
263:
After retiring from his academic work, Hardy founded the
759:"Alister Clavering Hardy. 10 February 1896-22 May 1985"
643:
series, and in later life he also wrote on religion.
584:. The Unit began its work by compiling a database of
256:
between 1925 and 1927. On the voyage he invented the
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The Continuous Plankton Recorder Survey (CPR Survey)
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Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
1935:
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458:he designed and later built a mechanism called the
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1135:(3rd ed.). New York: Guilford Press. p.
712:The Herring in Relation to its Animate Environment
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366:He was selected for camouflage work by the artist
1132:The Psychology of Religion: An Empirical Approach
956:Wyles J. S., Kunkel J. G., Wilson A. C., (1983).
548:, who acknowledged her debt to Hardy in her book
1113:Something There: The Biology of the Human Spirit
470:Hardy was the first Professor of Zoology at the
219:(10 February 1896 – 22 May 1985) was an English
1251:Australian Continuous Plankton Recorder Project
478:, where he remained until 1946, when he became
359:
985:Hardy, Alister Clavering (1977). "Was there a
1568:
1292:
1168:. The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006.
800:. The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006.
8:
893:Dazzled and Deceived: Mimicry and Camouflage
730:Hardy's "pioneering work" was recognised by
960:. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80: 4394–4397.
919:. The Alister Hardy Society. Archived from
631:He was married to Sylvia Garstang in 1927.
286:Hardy's artistry in the service of science:
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864:
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1230:(London, Darton Longman and Todd, 2011).
1228:God’s Biologist: A life of Alister Hardy
958:Birds, Behavior and Anatomical Evolution
886:
884:
281:
2043:Academics of the University of Aberdeen
946:. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. p. 353.
746:
669:. New Naturalist No. 37, Collins, 1959.
512:inheritance of acquired characteristics
411:University of Wales Trinity Saint David
380:Rare and Unusual Fish in British Waters
289:Rare and Unusual Fish in British Waters
1076:Prabhupada, A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami.
450:between 1925 and 1927, as part of the
357:officer. Hardy wrote that he had been
1998:British Army personnel of World War I
1115:. London: Darton, Longman & Todd.
752:
750:
714:. Fish. Invest. Lond., II, 7:3. 1951.
7:
676:The Living Stream: Evolution and Man
617:Religious Experience Research Centre
594:A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
265:Religious Experience Research Centre
27:English marine biologist (1896–1985)
2048:Academics of the University of Hull
905:Hardy, The Open Sea, 1956 and 1959.
1993:Military personnel from Nottingham
623:shortly before his death in 1985.
385:In later life, Hardy travelled in
25:
2023:Fellows of Merton College, Oxford
2013:Fellows of Exeter College, Oxford
944:Merton College Register 1900–1964
2088:People educated at Oundle School
2018:Alumni of Exeter College, Oxford
1324:Lucien-Victor Guirand de Scévola
839:Behrens, Roy R (February 2009).
721:. 'Discovery' Report, II, 1–146.
2083:20th-century British zoologists
1268:Works by or about Alister Hardy
1078:"Discussion with Alister Hardy"
254:voyage to explore the Antarctic
969:Burkhardt, Richard W. (2013).
143:and Elizabeth Hannah Clavering
1:
2058:Linacre Professors of Zoology
1705:Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker
1088:International. Archived from
590:University of Wales, Lampeter
538:Man's Place among the Mammals
2073:20th-century British writers
2028:Fellows of the Royal Society
942:Levens, R.G.C., ed. (1964).
480:Linacre Professor of Zoology
460:Continuous Plankton Recorder
258:Continuous Plankton Recorder
119:Continuous Plankton Recorder
1012:. Oxford University Press.
560:Dating from his boyhood at
510:, he denied the Lamarckian
498:. He was knighted in 1957.
343:. He had intended to go to
204:Sir Alister Clavering Hardy
2104:
2033:Scientists from Nottingham
1772:Pandurang Shastri Athavale
1047:10.1177/026010600201600106
596:and other devotees of the
582:Manchester College, Oxford
525:
462:or CPR. The CPR collects
378:illustrates the depicted "
2063:British parapsychologists
2038:Templeton Prize laureates
2008:English marine biologists
1584:Templeton Prize laureates
917:"Sir Alister Hardy's Art"
915:Schmidt, Bettina (2012).
197:
162:
44:
1610:Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
1542:Wilfred Clement Von Berg
1209:25 February 2013 at the
1086:Bhaktivedanta Book Trust
975:. Genetics 194: 793–805.
757:Marshall, N. B. (1986).
452:Discovery Investigations
227:spanning organisms from
1379:Abbott Handerson Thayer
1256:1 December 2008 at the
1008:Morgan, Elaine (1994).
699:Oxford University Press
604:, the divine flame and
532:In 1930, while reading
58:Alister Clavering Hardy
2078:New Naturalist writers
1669:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
1462:Stanley William Hayter
1374:Solomon Joseph Solomon
1010:The Scars of Evolution
857:10.1098/rstb.2008.0250
845:Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B
778:10.1098/rsbm.1986.0008
592:. In 1973 he met with
550:The Scars of Evolution
542:aquatic ape hypothesis
528:Aquatic ape hypothesis
522:Aquatic ape hypothesis
506:Hardy identified as a
476:University of Aberdeen
446:voyage to explore the
432:
364:
328:
188:University of Aberdeen
123:Aquatic ape hypothesis
2003:British Army officers
1920:Abdullah II of Jordan
896:. Yale, 2009. p. 101.
619:, Hardy received the
598:Hare Krishna movement
586:religious experiences
424:
306:Hippocampus europaeus
285:
1651:Ralph Wendell Burhoe
1035:Nutrition and Health
717:(with E.R. Gunther)
484:University of Oxford
267:in 1969; he won the
192:University of Oxford
1736:Immanuel Jakobovits
1111:Hay, David (2006).
606:Rabindranath Tagore
570:Aberdeen University
1872:Francisco J. Ayala
1855:Bernard d'Espagnat
1825:George F. R. Ellis
1819:Holmes Rolston III
1628:Thomas F. Torrance
1442:Bainbridge Copnall
1185:on 24 January 2013
1082:prabhupadavani.org
817:on 24 January 2013
472:University of Hull
433:
376:Fish and Fisheries
368:Solomon J. Solomon
331:Hardy was born in
329:
322:Chimaera monstrosa
271:for this in 1985.
184:University of Hull
18:Fish and Fisheries
1970:
1969:
1831:Charles H. Townes
1813:John Polkinghorne
1778:Sigmund Sternberg
1675:Michael Bourdeaux
1616:Leo Josef Suenens
1550:
1549:
1329:Jean-Louis Forain
1146:978-1-57230-116-0
851:(1516): 497–501.
574:The Living Stream
556:Study of religion
552:, and elsewhere.
345:Oxford University
225:marine ecosystems
201:
200:
164:Scientific career
36:Sir Alister Hardy
16:(Redirected from
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2053:Knights Bachelor
1961:Edna Adan Ismail
1577:
1570:
1563:
1554:
1537:Julian Trevelyan
1472:Jasper Maskelyne
1404:Norman Wilkinson
1394:Edward Wadsworth
1369:Kimon NicolaĂŻdes
1344:John Graham Kerr
1301:
1294:
1287:
1278:
1272:Internet Archive
1214:
1213:. 19 March 2011.
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1178:. Archived from
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810:. Archived from
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691:. Collins, 1966.
685:
682:Internet Archive
679:
602:Vedic literature
578:The Divine Flame
566:Gifford Lectures
431:in the Antarctic
314:Cepola rubescens
298:Lampris guttatus
251:
238:Hardy served as
221:marine biologist
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68:10 February 1896
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1914:Alvin Plantinga
1884:14th Dalai Lama
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1657:Cicely Saunders
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1532:Ernest Townsend
1427:Geoffrey Barkas
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1384:Maximilian Toch
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1258:Wayback Machine
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1221:Further reading
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1211:Wayback Machine
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1092:on 19 July 2012
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488:Merton College
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435:Hardy was the
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562:Oundle School
555:
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546:Elaine Morgan
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341:Oundle School
338:
337:Richard Hardy
335:, the son of
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319:Rabbit-fish,
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48:
43:
33:
30:
19:
1949:Jane Goodall
1890:Desmond Tutu
1693:Stanley Jaki
1680:
1663:Billy Graham
1527:Steven Sykes
1522:Basil Spence
1517:Alan Sorrell
1512:Edward Seago
1447:Hugh B. Cott
1414:World War II
1358:
1246:Archives Hub
1227:
1199:
1189:10 September
1187:. Retrieved
1180:the original
1161:
1155:
1131:
1121:
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1106:
1094:. Retrieved
1090:the original
1081:
1071:
1041:(1): 23–24.
1038:
1034:
1028:
1009:
1003:
994:
990:
986:
980:
971:
965:
957:
952:
943:
937:
925:. Retrieved
921:the original
910:
901:
891:
848:
844:
821:10 September
819:. Retrieved
812:the original
793:
787:
768:
762:
736:
729:
718:
711:
694:
688:
675:
666:
652:
640:
638:
630:
613:reductionist
610:
577:
573:
559:
549:
537:
531:
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469:
455:
442:
434:
427:
413:collection.
384:
379:
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365:
360:
348:
330:
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312:
304:
296:
288:
275:
262:
245:
237:
203:
202:
180:Institutions
163:
112:
89:(1985-05-22)
29:
2068:Camoufleurs
1988:1985 deaths
1983:1896 births
1902:Jean Vanier
1896:Tomáš HalĂk
1878:Martin Rees
1784:Ian Barbour
1766:Bill Bright
1760:Paul Davies
1507:Peter Scott
1492:Peter Proud
1437:John Codner
1432:Hugh Casson
1422:Tony Ayrton
1316:World War I
1308:Camoufleurs
1226:David Hay,
771:: 222–226.
726:Recognition
303:Sea Horse,
229:zooplankton
99:Oxfordshire
87:22 May 1985
1977:Categories
1502:Brian Robb
1497:Fred Pusey
1482:Colin Moss
1467:Ivan Konev
1364:André Mare
1354:Franz Marc
927:16 October
741:References
534:Wood Jones
355:camouflage
350:camoufleur
333:Nottingham
278:and artist
276:Camoufleur
72:Nottingham
64:1896-02-10
1726:Baba Amte
1349:Paul Klee
997:(1): 4–6.
508:Darwinian
502:Evolution
456:Discovery
448:Antarctic
443:Discovery
437:zoologist
428:Discovery
391:Sri Lanka
246:Discovery
240:zoologist
137:Parent(s)
113:Discovery
101:, England
78:, England
1254:Archived
1207:Archived
1129:(2003).
1096:12 April
1063:39428800
1055:12083406
875:19000975
659:No. 34,
464:plankton
399:Cambodia
1270:at the
866:2674083
701:, 1979.
663:, 1956.
661:Collins
494:of the
482:in the
439:on the
417:Zoology
242:on the
1963:(2023)
1957:(2022)
1951:(2021)
1945:(2020)
1928:(2019)
1922:(2018)
1916:(2017)
1910:(2016)
1904:(2015)
1898:(2014)
1892:(2013)
1886:(2012)
1880:(2011)
1874:(2010)
1857:(2009)
1851:(2008)
1845:(2007)
1839:(2006)
1833:(2005)
1827:(2004)
1821:(2003)
1815:(2002)
1809:(2001)
1803:(2000)
1786:(1999)
1780:(1998)
1774:(1997)
1768:(1996)
1762:(1995)
1756:(1994)
1750:(1993)
1744:(1992)
1738:(1991)
1732:(1990)
1728:&
1711:(1989)
1707:&
1701:(1988)
1695:(1987)
1689:(1986)
1683:(1985)
1677:(1984)
1671:(1983)
1665:(1982)
1659:(1981)
1653:(1980)
1636:(1979)
1630:(1978)
1624:(1977)
1618:(1976)
1612:(1975)
1606:(1974)
1600:(1973)
1172:
1143:
1061:
1053:
1016:
991:Zenith
873:
863:
804:
706:Papers
627:Family
492:Fellow
295:Opah,
233:whales
170:Fields
148:Awards
129:Spouse
95:Oxford
1936:2020s
1865:2010s
1794:2000s
1719:1990s
1644:1980s
1591:1970s
1183:(PDF)
1166:(PDF)
1059:S2CID
815:(PDF)
798:(PDF)
647:Books
635:Works
407:Japan
403:China
395:Burma
387:India
362:them.
250:'
214:
210:
1191:2016
1170:ISBN
1141:ISBN
1098:2013
1051:PMID
1014:ISBN
989:?".
929:2012
871:PMID
823:2016
802:ISBN
576:and
441:RRS
426:RRS
405:and
353:, a
244:RRS
212:FRSE
116:work
111:RRS
84:Died
54:Born
1137:248
1043:doi
861:PMC
853:doi
849:364
773:doi
568:at
231:to
216:FLS
208:FRS
190:,
39:FRS
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