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converted to leisure use after being rendered obsolete by advanced developments in cargo-handling technology. Many piers are floating piers, to ensure that the piers raise and lower with the tide along with the boats tied to them. This prevents a situation where lines become overly taut or loose by rising or lowering tides. An overly taut or loose tie-line can damage boats by pulling them out of the water or allowing them so much leeway that they bang forcefully against the sides of the pier.
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571:, peaking in the 1860s with 22 being built in that decade. A symbol of the typical British seaside holiday, by 1914, more than 100 pleasure piers were located around the UK coast. Regarded as being among the finest Victorian architecture, there are still a significant number of seaside piers of architectural merit still standing, although some have been lost, including
453:, opened in 1855. Margate pier was wrecked by a storm in January 1978 and not repaired. The longest iron pleasure pier still remaining is the one at Southend. First opened as a wooden pier in 1829, it was reconstructed in iron and completed in 1889. In a 2006 UK poll, the public voted the seaside pier onto the list of icons of England.
294:. The other form of working pier, often called the finger pier, was built at ports with smaller tidal ranges. Here the principal advantage was to give a greater available quay length for ships to berth against compared to a linear littoral quayside, and such piers are usually much shorter. Typically each pier would carry a single
519:, completed in 1961. A crane, built on top of the pier's panorama tower, provides the opportunity to make a 60-metre (200 ft) high bungee jump over the North Sea waves. The present pier is a successor of an earlier pier, which was completed in 1901 but in 1943 destroyed by the German occupation forces.
414:. The large tidal ranges at many such resorts meant that passengers arriving by pleasure steamer could use a pier to disembark safely. Also, for much of the day, the sea was not visible from the shore and the pleasure pier permitted holidaymakers to promenade over and alongside the sea at all times.
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Many piers are built for the purpose of providing boatless anglers access to fishing grounds that are otherwise inaccessible. Many "Free Piers" are available in larger harbors which differ from private piers. Free Piers are often primarily used for fishing. Fishing from a pier presents a set of
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Piers can be categorized into different groupings according to the principal purpose. However, there is considerable overlap between these categories. For example, pleasure piers often also allow for the docking of pleasure steamers and other similar craft, while working piers have often been
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different circumstances to fishing from the shore or beach, as you do not need to cast out into the deeper water. This being the case there are specific fishing rigs that have been created specifically for pier fishing which allow for the direct access to deeper water.
544:, as a landing stage to allow ferries to and from the mainland to berth. It is still used for this purpose today. It also had a leisure function in the past, with the pier head once containing a pavilion, and there are still refreshment facilities today. The oldest
321:, with its need for large container handling spaces adjacent to the shipping berths, has made working piers obsolete for the handling of general cargo, although some still survive for the handling of passenger ships or bulk cargos. One example, is in use in
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Providing a walkway out to sea, pleasure piers often include amusements and theatres as part of their attractions. Such a pier may be unroofed, closed, or partly open and partly closed. Sometimes a pier has two decks.
207:, and are consequently more liable to silting. Piers can range in size and complexity from a simple lightweight wooden structure to major structures extended over 1,600 m (5,200 ft). In
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the length of the pier, with ships berthing bow or stern in to the shore. Some major ports consisted of large numbers of such piers lining the foreshore, classic examples being the
329:, making it the longest pier in the world. The Progreso Pier supplies much of the peninsula with transportation for the fishing and cargo industries and serves as a port for large
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in the area. Many other working piers have been demolished, or remain derelict, but some have been recycled as pleasure piers. The best known example of this is
230:, where many ports were, until recently, built on the multiple pier model, the term tends to imply a current or former cargo-handling facility. In contrast, in
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Only the oldest of these piers still remains. At that time, the introduction of steamships and railways for the first time permitted mass tourism to dedicated
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Early pleasure piers were of complete timber construction, as was with
Margate which opened in 1824. The first iron and timber built pleasure pier
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278:) canal boats. Working piers themselves fall into two different groups. Longer individual piers are often found at ports with large
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282:, with the pier stretching far enough off shore to reach deep water at low tide. Such piers provided an economical alternative to
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489:, a new pier was built in 1933. It remained till the present day, but was partially transformed and modernized in 1999–2004.
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234:, where ports more often use basins and river-side quays than piers, the term is principally associated with the image of a
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Piers have been built for several purposes, and because these different purposes have distinct regional variances, the term
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195:. Their open structure allows tides and currents to flow relatively unhindered, whereas the more solid foundations of a
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Pleasure piers were first built in
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Following the building of the world's first seaside pier at Ryde, the pier became fashionable at
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Iron, Ornament and
Architecture in Victorian Britain: Myth and Modernity, Excess and Enchantment
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Working piers were built for the handling of passengers and cargo onto and off ships or (as at
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tends to have different nuances of meaning in different parts of the world. Thus in
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a first pleasure pier was built in 1894. After its destruction in the
852:"The destruction of Margate jetty in the great storm of January 1978"
168:
164:
906:"Pier Fishing Rigs: 6 Common Types of Rigs for fishing from a Pier"
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gives a figure of 55 surviving seaside piers in
England and Wales.
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775:"A very British affair - the fall and rise of the seaside pier"
36:
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866:"ICONS of England - the 100 ICONS as voted by the public"
727:. No. 1 August 2014. Financial Times. 15 June 2015.
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pleasure pier. However, the earliest piers pre-date the
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is the only pier in the world linked to an island. The
325:, where a pier extends more than 4 miles into the
430:. The longest pier on the West Coast of the US is the
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there is a pleasure pier on both sides of the river
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
942:"The oldest surviving cast iron pier in the world"
839:"200 years of historic British piers: in pictures"
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286:where cargo volumes were low, or where specialist
993:Pier Railways and Tramways of the British Isles
426:, and extends 1.3 miles (2.1 km) into the
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715:
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885:. University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point. 2013
724:"The expert selection: British seaside piers"
8:
811:"Landry's Corp. is close to revealing plans"
434:, with a length of 2,745 feet (837 m).
789:"California Pier Statistics, Longest Piers"
179:docking and access for both passengers and
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834:
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742:Gladwell, Andrew (2015). "Introduction".
155:is a raised structure that rises above a
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
407:1823/24 originally a timber built pier.
138:
931:. The Telegraph. Retrieved 15 June 2015
841:. The Telegraph. Retrieved 15 June 2015
674:
440:Galveston Island Historic Pleasure Pier
266:Out-of-use industrial bulk cargo Pier,
1007:Wills, Anthony; Phillips, Tim (2014).
1043:Details on UK Piers including Webcams
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767:
765:
599:. Two piers, Brighton's now derelict
7:
65:adding citations to reliable sources
967:. Ashgate Publishing. p. 143.
387:in the English county of Kent, 1897
27:Raised structure in a body of water
211:, a pier may be synonymous with a
25:
515:, boasts the largest pier in the
416:The world's longest pleasure pier
199:or the closely spaced piles of a
868:. Culture 24 News. 15 June 2015.
809:Aulds, T.J. (January 28, 2012).
731:from the original on 2022-12-10.
41:
995:, The Oakwood Press, No. LP60,
52:needs additional citations for
929:"Britain's best seaside piers"
159:and usually juts out from its
1:
511:, the coastal resort town of
1011:. London: English Heritage.
532:The first recorded pier in
399:near Leith, built in 1821,
385:a Victorian pier in Margate
187:. Bridges, buildings, and
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963:Dobraszczyk, Paul (2014).
745:London's Pleasure Steamers
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29:
777:. BBC News. 16 June 2015.
163:, typically supported by
904:VS, Marco (2021-03-21).
540:, opened in 1814 on the
290:was handled, such as at
191:may all be supported by
944:. BBC. February 9, 2006
880:"Landscape Design Book"
748:. Amberley Publishing.
362:health of sandy beaches
1038:National Piers Society
692:. 2006. Archived from
690:National Piers Society
621:National Piers Society
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271:
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1009:British Seaside Piers
696:on September 29, 2008
548:pier in the world is
403:, built in 1823. and
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32:Pier (disambiguation)
1063:Coastal construction
991:Turner, K., (1999),
825:on January 31, 2012.
819:Galveston Daily News
550:Town Pier, Gravesend
61:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
1068:Marine architecture
910:Pro Fishing Reviews
791:. seecalifornia.com
494:Nieuwpoort, Belgium
401:Brighton Chain Pier
395:, built in 1813/4,
366:navigation channels
193:architectural piers
854:. 13 January 2018.
466:Piers of the world
397:Trinity Chain Pier
389:
319:container shipping
272:
149:
1033:The Piers Project
974:978-1-472-41898-2
617:Weston-super-Mare
528:England and Wales
323:Progreso, Yucatán
143:A wooden pier in
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946:. Retrieved
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887:. Retrieved
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823:the original
815:News Article
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793:. Retrieved
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700:February 24,
698:. Retrieved
694:the original
585:New Brighton
558:
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509:Scheveningen
507:
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483:Blankenberge
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331:cruise ships
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302:frontage of
300:Hudson River
296:transit shed
280:tidal ranges
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59:Please help
54:verification
51:
18:Fishing pier
581:East Sussex
567:during the
517:Netherlands
504:Netherlands
487:World War I
350:Tweed River
308:Embarcadero
1052:Categories
915:2021-10-10
889:January 6,
795:2014-02-10
669:References
638:Breakwater
597:Lancashire
354:Gold Coast
292:coal piers
288:bulk cargo
276:Wigan Pier
268:Cook Inlet
205:breakwater
185:recreation
117:March 2024
87:newspapers
948:March 26,
633:Boardwalk
601:West Pier
593:Blackpool
583:, one at
575:, two at
546:cast iron
538:Ryde Pier
513:The Hague
444:Galveston
393:Ryde Pier
358:Australia
346:Southport
306:, or the
270:, Alaska.
239:cast iron
236:Victorian
228:Australia
729:Archived
627:See also
577:Brighton
348:and the
304:New York
189:walkways
147:, Greece
686:"Piers"
587:in the
573:Margate
534:England
477:Belgium
352:on the
335:Pier 39
173:fishing
169:pillars
101:scholar
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611:. The
609:listed
589:Wirral
418:is at
232:Europe
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76:"Pier"
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1058:Piers
883:(PDF)
663:Wharf
648:Jetty
565:Wales
552:, in
498:IJzer
424:Essex
381:Print
249:Types
201:wharf
181:cargo
165:piles
161:shore
145:Corfu
108:JSTOR
94:books
1013:ISBN
997:ISBN
969:ISBN
950:2006
891:2015
750:ISBN
702:2012
643:Dock
603:and
554:Kent
536:was
364:and
226:and
220:pier
213:dock
197:quay
177:boat
153:pier
80:news
615:in
595:in
579:in
492:In
481:In
442:in
383:of
356:in
344:At
337:in
310:in
167:or
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