679:(5–375 mL). The volume of the first flatulence upon waking in the morning is significantly larger than those during the day. This may be due to buildup of intestinal gas in the colon during sleep, the peak in peristaltic activity in the first few hours after waking or the strong prokinetic effect of rectal distension on the rate of transit of intestinal gas. It is now known that gas is moved along the gut independently of solids and liquids, and this transit is more efficient in the erect position compared to when supine. It is thought that large volumes of intestinal gas present low resistance, and can be propelled by subtle changes in gut tone, capacitance and proximal contraction and distal relaxation. This process is thought not to affect solid and liquid intra-lumenal contents.
1106:
230:. The increase in girth combined with the fact that the total volume of flatus is not increased led to studies aiming to image the distribution of intestinal gas in patients with bloating. They found that gas was not distributed normally in these patients: there was segmental gas pooling and focal distension. In conclusion, abdominal distension, pain and bloating symptoms are the result of abnormal intestinal gas dynamics rather than increased flatus production.
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demonstrate increased volumes compared to healthy subjects. The proportion of hydrogen produced may be increased in some patients with irritable bowel syndrome, but this does not affect the total volume. Thirdly, the volume of flatus produced by patients with irritable bowel syndrome who have pain and abdominal distension would be tolerated in normal subjects without any complaints of pain.
1284:(5th century A.D.). Augustine mentions "people who produce at will without any stench such rhythmical sounds from their fundament that they appear to be making music even from that quarter." Intentional passing of gas and its use as entertainment for others appear to have been somewhat well known in pre-modern Europe, according to mentions of it in medieval and later literature, including
575:. Nitrogen is not produced in the gut, but a component of environmental air. Patients who have excessive intestinal gas that is mostly composed of nitrogen have aerophagia. Hydrogen, carbon dioxide and methane are all produced in the gut and contribute 74% of the volume of flatus in normal subjects. Methane and hydrogen are
1124:, flatulence in public is regarded as embarrassing, but, depending on context, may also be considered humorous. People will often strain to hold in the passing of gas when in polite company, or position themselves to silence or conceal the passing of gas. In other cultures, it may be no more embarrassing than
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to an 86% reduction in hydrogen sulfide, although flatus volume and number was unchanged. An early study reported activated charcoal (unknown oral dose) prevented a large increase in the number of flatus events and increased breath hydrogen concentrations that normally occur following a gas-producing meal.
1331:
People find other peoples' flatus unpleasant, but are unfazed by, and may even enjoy, the scent of their own. While there has been little research carried out upon the subject, some speculative guesses have been made as to why this might be so. For example, one explanation for this phenomenon is that
253:
Therefore, even more than the composition of the microbiota, diet is the primary factor that dictates the volume of flatus produced. Diets that aim to reduce the amount of undigested fermentable food residues arriving in the colon have been shown to significantly reduce the volume of flatus produced.
222:
mL/min) is tolerated without complaints of pain or bloating and harmlessly passed as flatus per rectum. Secondly, studies aiming to quantify the total volume of gas produced by patients with irritable bowel syndrome (some including gas emitted from the mouth by eructation) have consistently failed to
1019:
g) does not influence gas formation in vitro or in vivo. Other authors reported that activated charcoal was effective. A study in 8 dogs concluded activated charcoal (unknown oral dose) reduced hydrogen sulfide levels by 71%. In combination with yucca schidigera, and zinc acetate, this was increased
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and that bismuth might be helpful in the management of this condition. However, bismuth administration in rats did not prevent them from developing ulcerative colitis despite reduced hydrogen sulfide production. Also, evidence suggests that colonic hydrogen sulfide is largely present in bound forms,
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It is recognized that increased dietary sulfur-containing amino acids significantly increases the odor of flatus. It is therefore likely that the odor of flatus is created by a combination of volatile sulfur compounds, with minimal contribution from non-sulfur volatiles. This odor can also be caused
249:
Endogenously produced intestinal gases make up 74 percent of flatus in normal subjects. The volume of gas produced is partially dependent upon the composition of the intestinal microbiota, which is normally very resistant to change, but is also very different in different individuals. Some patients
1131:
While the act of passing flatus in some cultures is generally considered to be an unfortunate occurrence in public settings, flatulence may, in casual circumstances and especially among children, be used as either a humorous supplement to a joke ("pull my finger"), or as a comic activity in and of
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is a compound that binds hydrogen sulfide, and one study reported a dose of 524 mg four times a day for 3–7 days bismuth subsalicylate yielded a >95% reduction in faecal hydrogen sulfide release in both humans and rats. Another bismuth compound, bismuth subnitrate was also shown to bind to
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Most starches, including potatoes, corn, noodles, and wheat, produce gas as they are broken down in the large intestine. Intestinal gas can be reduced by fermenting the beans, and making them less gas-inducing, or by cooking them in the liquor from a previous batch. For example, the fermented bean
682:
Researchers investigating the role of sensory nerve endings in the anal canal did not find them to be essential for retaining fluids in the anus, and instead speculate that their role may be to distinguish between flatus and faeces, thereby helping detect a need to defecate or to signal the end of
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Normal flatus volume is 476 to 1491 mL per 24 hours. This variability between individuals is greatly dependent upon diet. Similarly, the number of flatus episodes per day is variable; the normal range is given as 8–20 per day. The volume of flatus associated with each flatulence event again varies
262:
Although flatus possesses an odor, this may be abnormally increased in some patients and cause social distress to the patient. Increased odor of flatus presents a distinct clinical issue from other complaints related to intestinal gas. Some patients may exhibit over-sensitivity to bad flatus odor,
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Trevor Blank found
Pennsylvania boys playing "Safety," a farting game, the same as Blank had as a kid in Maryland, and the same game John Bourke documented in the 1890s, when it was called "Touch Wood." Basically, a boy who farts must say "Safety" or touch wood before his friends say another key
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In one study, hydrogen sulfide concentration was shown to correlate convincingly with perceived bad odor of flatus, followed by methyl mercaptan and dimethyl sulfide. This is supported by the fact that hydrogen sulfide may be the most abundant volatile sulfur compound present. These results were
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Others report that methyl mercaptan was the greatest contributor to the odor of flatus in patients not under any specific dietary alterations. It has now been demonstrated that methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, and hydrogen sulfide (described as decomposing vegetables, unpleasantly sweet/wild
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are predisposed to increased endogenous gas production by virtue of their gut microbiota composition. The greatest concentration of gut bacteria is in the colon, while the small intestine is normally nearly sterile. Fermentation occurs when unabsorbed food residues arrive in the colon.
246:, and has been shown in a few case reports to be responsible for increased flatus volume. This is, however, considered a rare cause of increased flatus volume. Gases contained in food and beverages are likewise emitted largely through eructation, e.g., carbonated beverages.
594:
capable of producing methane. The prevalence of methane over hydrogen in human flatus may correlate with obesity, constipation and irritable bowel syndrome, as archaea that oxidise hydrogen into methane promote the metabolism's ability to absorb fatty acids from food.
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itself. The social acceptability of flatulence-based humour in entertainment and the mass media varies over the course of time and between cultures. A sufficient number of entertainers have performed using their flatus to lead to the coining of the term
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hydrogen sulfide. Another study showed that bismuth acted synergistically with various antibiotics to inhibit sulfate-reducing gut bacteria and sulfide production. Some authors proposed a theory that hydrogen sulfide was involved in the development of
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Staudacher HM, Whelan, K, Irving, PM, Lomer, MC (October 2011). "Comparison of symptom response following advice for a diet low in fermentable carbohydrates (FODMAPs) versus standard dietary advice in patients with irritable bowel syndrome".
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The range of volumes of flatus in normal individuals varies hugely (476–1,491 mL/24 h). All intestinal gas is either swallowed environmental air, present intrinsically in foods and beverages, or the result of gut fermentation.
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1063:, still claim on their website to have discovered the undergarment product in 2002 (four years after Chester Weimer filed for a patent for his product), but state that their tests "concluded" that they should release an insert instead.
254:
Again, increased volume of intestinal gas will not cause bloating and pain in normal subjects. Abnormal intestinal gas dynamics will create pain, distension, and bloating, regardless of whether there is high or low total flatus volume.
167:
Non-medical definitions of the term include "the uncomfortable condition of having gas in the stomach and bowels", or "a state of excessive gas in the alimentary canal". These definitions highlight that many people consider "bloating",
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Since New
Zealand produces large amounts of agricultural products, it is in the unique position of having high methane emissions from livestock compared to other greenhouse gas sources. The New Zealand government is a signatory to the
1181:
would make public "farting" illegal in his country. When reporting the story, the media satirised
Chaponda's statement with punning headlines. Later, the minister withdrew his statement. Eproctophilla is the fetish of flatulence.
1014:
g activated charcoal four times a day for one week). The authors suggested that saturation of charcoal binding sites during its passage through the gut was the reason for this. A further study concluded that activated charcoal
4031:
714:; on other occasions, flatulence can be voluntarily elicited by tensing the rectum or "bearing down" on stomach or bowel muscles and subsequently relaxing the anal sphincter, resulting in the expulsion of flatus.
767:, antibiotics and probiotics are also used to treat bloating in patients with functional bowel disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome, and there is some evidence that these measures may reduce symptoms.
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92:
or bowels. A proportion of intestinal gas may be swallowed environmental air, and hence flatus is not entirely generated in the stomach or bowels. The scientific study of this area of medicine is termed
2826:
Ganiats TG, Norcross WA, Halverson AL, Burford PA, Palinkas LA (1994). "Does Beano prevent gas? A double-blind crossover study of oral alpha-galactosidase to treat dietary oligosaccharide intolerance".
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February 3, 2006. Example of error. Although the article doesn't specify whether the methane is released by flatulence or eructation, it appears the headline-writer assumes it's through flatulence.
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supplements may significantly reduce the amount of flatulence caused by some components of foods not being digested by the body and thereby promoting the action of microbes in the small and large
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or flatulence. Such preparations do not decrease the total amount of gas generated in or passed from the colon, but make the bubbles larger and thereby allowing them to be passed more easily.
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Tangerman A (October 1, 2009). "Measurement and biological significance of the volatile sulfur compounds hydrogen sulfide, methanethiol and dimethyl sulfide in various biological matrices".
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Swallowing small amounts of air occurs while eating and drinking. This is emitted from the mouth by eructation (burping) and is normal. Excessive swallowing of environmental air is called
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being propelled, as well as other factors, such as whether the gas was caused by swallowed air. Among humans, flatulence occasionally happens accidentally, such as incidentally to
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or the presence of faeces in the rectum. Diets high in protein, especially sulfur-containing amino acids, have been demonstrated to significantly increase the odor of flatus.
3094:
Furne JK, Suarez, FL, Ewing, SL, Springfield, J, Levitt, MD (July 2000). "Binding of hydrogen sulfide by bismuth does not prevent dextran sulfate-induced colitis in rats".
792:
One method of reducing the volume of flatus produced is dietary modification, reducing the amount of fermentable carbohydrates. This is the theory behind diets such as the
279:, and is usually related to minor disruptions of the continence mechanisms. Some consider gas incontinence to be the first, sometimes only, symptom of faecal incontinence.
3717:
2180:
Levitt MD, Furne, J, Aeolus, MR, Suarez, FL (November 1998). "Evaluation of an extremely flatulent patient: case report and proposed diagnostic and therapeutic approach".
748:) can reduce the disagreeable sensations associated with flatulence, by aiding the dissolution of the gases into liquid and solid faecal matter. Preparations containing
3003:
Levitt MD, Springfield, J, Furne, J, Koenig, T, Suarez, FL (April 2002). "Physiology of sulfide in the rat colon: use of bismuth to assess colonic sulfide production".
147:(colloquially known as "burping") is sometimes included under the topic of flatulence. When excessive or malodorous, flatus can be a sign of a health disorder, such as
226:
Patients who complain of bloating frequently can be shown to have objective increases in abdominal girth, often increased throughout the day and then resolving during
175:
Colloquially, flatulence may be referred to as "farting", "pumping", "trumping", "blowing off", "pooting", "passing gas", "breaking wind", "backfiring", or simply (in
108:
in the intestines. It is normal to pass flatus ("to fart"), though volume and frequency vary greatly among individuals. It is also normal for intestinal gas to have a
774:, can be used to collect intestinal gas in a flatus bag. This method is occasionally needed in a hospital setting, when the patient is unable to pass gas normally.
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did not produce reduction in both the total flatus volume nor the release of sulfur-containing gasses, and there was no reduction in abdominal symptoms (after 0.52
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The sound varies depending on the volume of gas, the size of the opening that the air is being pushed through, which is affected by the state of tension in the
3184:
Suarez FL, Furne, J, Springfield, J, Levitt, MD (January 1999). "Failure of activated charcoal to reduce the release of gases produced by the colonic flora".
218:
However, three significant pieces of evidence refute this theory. First, in normal subjects, even very high rates of gas infusion into the small intestine (30
3139:
Gordon MF, Abrams, RI, Rubin, DB, Barr, WB, Correa, DD (March 1995). "Bismuth subsalicylate toxicity as a cause of prolonged encephalopathy with myoclonus".
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were thought to cause the odor of flatus. More recent evidence proves that the major contribution to the odor of flatus comes from a combination of volatile
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people are very familiar with the scent of their own flatus, and that survival in nature may depend on the detection of and reaction to foreign scents.
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Suarez F, Furne, J, Springfield, J, Levitt, M (May 1997). "Insights into human colonic physiology obtained from the study of flatus composition".
199:
Generally speaking, there are four different types of complaints that relate to intestinal gas, which may present individually or in combination.
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also stand up to prolonged cooking, which can help break down the oligosaccharides into simple sugars. Fermentative lactic acid bacteria such as
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1232:, that live inside the cow's digestive system. Proposals for reducing methane production in cows include the feeding of supplements such as
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Suarez F, Furne J, Springfield J, Levitt M (1998). "Bismuth subsalicylate markedly decreases hydrogen sulfide release in the human colon".
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527:, confined conditions, and stresses peculiar to those endeavours were cause for concern. In the field of mountaineering, the phenomenon of
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291:) when eating or drinking or increased swallowing during times of excessive salivation (as might occur when nauseated or as the result of
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Flatus (intestinal gas) is mostly produced as a byproduct of bacterial fermentation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, especially the
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A similar product was released in 2002, but rather than an entire undergarment, consumers are able to purchase an insert similar to a
136:. Thus, many people either let their flatus out quietly or even hold it completely. However, holding the gases inside is not healthy.
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Since problems involving intestinal gas present as different (but sometimes combined) complaints, the management is cause-related.
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Intestinal gas is composed of varying quantities of exogenous sources and endogenous sources. The exogenous gases are swallowed (
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reportedly operate by promoting the coalescence of smaller bubbles into larger ones more easily passed from the body, either by
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radish and rotten eggs respectively) are all present in human flatus in concentrations above their smell perception thresholds.
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2403:"Identification of gases responsible for the odour of human flatus and evaluation of a device purported to reduce this odour"
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1621:
528:
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or increased volume of intestinal gas, to be synonymous with the term flatulence (although this is technically inaccurate).
275:"Gas incontinence" could be defined as loss of voluntary control over the passage of flatus. It is a recognised subtype of
267:
may be diagnosed. Recent informal research found a correlation between flatus odor and both loudness and humidity content.
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2611:
485:
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Hall RG J, Thompson, H, Strother, A (March 1981). "Effects of orally administered activated charcoal on intestinal gas".
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328:
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469:. These oligosaccharides pass through the small intestine largely unchanged, and when they reach the large intestine,
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is a joking device invented in the early 20th century for simulating a fart. In 2008, a farting application for the
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1958:
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have an odor of mothballs, and therefore probably do not contribute greatly to the characteristic odor of flatus.
461:
1785:
Bailey J, Carter, NJ, Neher, JO (June 15, 2009). "FPIN's
Clinical Inquiries: Effective management of flatulence".
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1260:" or "flatulence tax". It encountered opposition from farmers, farming lobby groups and opposition politicians.
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The remaining trace (<1% volume) compounds contribute to the odor of flatus. Historically, compounds such as
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477:
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King TS, Elia, M, Hunter, JO (October 10, 1998). "Abnormal colonic fermentation in irritable bowel syndrome".
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881:, which can digest certain complex sugars, are effective in reducing the volume and frequency of flatus. The
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may make the intestinal environment more acidic, supporting a natural balance of the fermentative processes.
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and abdominal distension, excessive flatus volume, excessive flatus odor, and gas incontinence. Furthermore,
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revolves around a boy named
Patrick Smash who has an ongoing flatulence problem from the time of his birth.
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or unpleasant odor, which may be intense. The noise commonly associated with flatulence is produced by the
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3623:"Bovine belching called udderly serious gas problem – Global warming concerns spur effort to cut methane."
3050:"The effect of antibiotics and bismuth on fecal hydrogen sulfide and sulfate-reducing bacteria in the rat"
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probably sulfides of iron and other metals. Rarely, serious bismuth toxicity may occur with higher doses.
435:
81:
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3274:"Administration of charcoal, Yucca schidigera, and zinc acetate to reduce malodorous flatulence in dogs"
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37:
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phrase. If not, they're allowed to punch him. (It usually is boys who make farting a game or a weapon.)
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796:(a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, alcohols, and polyols).
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524:
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Brecević L, Bosan-Kilibarda I, Strajnar F (1994). "Mechanism of antifoaming action of simethicone".
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Bruce G. Wolff, James W. Fleshman, David E. Beck, John H. Pemberton, Steven D. Wexner, eds. (2007),
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972:, available under the name Devrom. Bismuth subgallate is commonly used by individuals who have had
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are commonly reputed to not only increase flatulence, but to increase the pungency of the flatus.
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Farting, breaking wind, passing gas, cutting the cheese, cutting one loose, ripping one, tooting
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gases are produced either as a by-product of digesting certain types of food, or of incomplete
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that produced symptoms of bloating were attributed to increased production of intestinal gas.
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Since the 1970s, farting has increasingly been featured in film, especially comedies such as
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2856:"Non-absorbable antibiotics for managing intestinal gas production and gas-related symptoms"
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How Do You Light a Fart?: And 150 Other
Essential Things Every Guy Should Know about Science
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1294:("the Fartomaniac") was a famous French performer in the 19th century who, as well as many
211:, discomfort and pain from "trapped wind". In the past, functional bowel disorders such as
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552:(excessive air swallowing) causing excessive intestinal gas, but this is considered rare.
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451:) that are particularly resistant to digestion by mammals, but are readily digestible by
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Ohge H, Furne, JK, Springfield, J, Sueda, T, Madoff, RD, Levitt, MD (November 7, 2003).
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951:, may reduce both the production of intestinal gas and the frequency of flatus events.
864:, generally increase flatulence in a similar way as described for lactose intolerance.
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3676:(Comedy, Family, Sci-Fi), CP Medien AG, Mission Pictures, Pathé Pictures International
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2132:"Aerophagia: excessive air swallowing demonstrated by esophageal impedance monitoring"
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Not all humans produce flatus that contains methane. For example, in one study of the
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are available, either individually or in combination blends, in commercial products.
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834:, etc.) are reputed to reduce flatulence when used to restore balance to the normal
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is only a small portion (around one-twentieth) of cows' methane release. Cows also
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Giffard CJ, Collins, SB, Stoodley, NC, Butterwick, RF, Batt, RM (March 15, 2001).
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ABC Southern
Queensland: "Could skippy stop cows farting and end global warming?"
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Di
Stefano M, Strocchi A, Malservisi S, Veneto G, Ferrieri A, Corazza GR (2000).
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When excessive or malodorous, flatus can be a sign of a health disorder, such as
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1098:(detail), an art scroll depicting a battle of flatulence, from Japan during the
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2656:"Review article: the treatment of functional abdominal bloating and distension"
2000:
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Hemmink GJ, Weusten, BL, Bredenoord, AJ, Timmer, R, Smout, AJ (October 2009).
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Over 99% of the volume of flatus is composed of odorless gases. These include
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may cause flatulence when the material arrives in the large intestine, due to
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3231:"Activated charcoal: in vivo and in vitro studies of effect on gas formation"
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2557:"Cough-Anal Reflex May Be the Expression of a Pre-Programmed Postural Action"
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1240:, and the genetic engineering of gut biome microbes to produce less methane.
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3655:(in Latin). Vol. IV. Translated by Levine P. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
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1228:. In cows, gas and burps are produced by methane-generating microbes called
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1094:
1077:
Flatus incontinence where there is involuntary passage of gas, is a type of
935:
925:
921:
913:
905:
823:
576:
493:
300:
3891:
Official Rules, New World Odor
International Freestyle Farting Championship
3301:
3117:
3077:
3026:
2883:
2750:
2681:
2624:
2592:
2159:
2009:
1800:
1726:
1495:
3330:
3258:
3207:
3162:
3154:
2989:
2840:
2632:
2489:
2438:
2386:
2367:
2352:
2251:
2203:
2116:
2060:
1763:
1274:
Historical comment on the ability to fart at will is observed as early as
1163:
in the 20th century in the U.S., and has been found being played in 2011.
1059:
that contains activated charcoal. The inventors, Myra and Brian Conant of
4482:
4411:
4335:
4071:
2471:
2420:
2098:
1534:
1285:
939:
917:
901:
735:
707:
695:
667:
568:
560:
497:
470:
440:
423:
391:
379:
367:
140:
17:
3877:. (Chap. 1: "The Honorable Art of Farting in Continental Renaissance").
3671:
1984:"Non coeliac gluten sensitivity – A new disease with gluten intolerance"
1566:
1048:
in which a charcoal filter can be inserted. In 2001 Weimer received the
447:
In beans, endogenous gases seem to arise from complex oligosaccharides (
4421:
4416:
4145:
4048:
2042:
1815:
1508:
1395:
1237:
1233:
1225:
1121:
1110:
909:
893:
889:
882:
878:
647:
607:
603:
591:
572:
427:
308:
144:
89:
3939:
3875:
Fecal
Matters in Early Modern Literature and Art: Studies in Scatology
1920:"Paleo Foods: Brassicas (and not Just the Ones you Know) | Paleo Leap"
4538:
4066:
3966:
3951:
1298:
before him, did flatulence impressions and held shows. The performer
1221:
1195:
1167:
1141:
1006:
Despite being an ancient treatment for various digestive complaints,
973:
897:
827:
805:
771:
711:
643:
615:
599:
556:
516:
505:
395:
383:
375:
363:
351:
343:
101:
2555:
Cavallari P, Bolzoni F, Esposti R, Bruttini C (September 27, 2017).
1302:
carries on le Pétomane's tradition today. Also, a 2002 fiction film
139:
There are several general symptoms related to intestinal gas: pain,
2907:"The Ostomy Files:The Issue of Oral Medications and a Fecal Ostomy"
1216:
is in the flatus. While livestock account for around 20% of global
4373:
4222:
2366:
Pimentel M, Robert P Gunsalus, Satish SC Rao, Husen Zhang (2012).
1189:
1125:
1104:
1088:
831:
703:
691:
587:
515:
Interest in the causes of flatulence was spurred by high-altitude
415:
411:
407:
359:
320:
227:
133:
109:
2081:"Investigation of normal flatus production in healthy volunteers"
2025:"Giardia – diagnosis, clinical course and epidemiology: A review"
838:. Live (bioactive) yogurt contains, among other lactic bacteria,
1869:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
1200:
965:
801:
753:
371:
347:
4013:
860:, which generally are non-digestible oligosaccharides, such as
307:. Anything that causes food to be incompletely digested by the
1535:"Flatus retention is the major factor in diverticular disease"
699:
403:
1212:, owing to the erroneous belief that the methane released by
3696:
Scooby-Doo (5/10) Movie CLIP - Burping and Farting (2002) HD
3480:
3478:
2531:"Fart Noises: Why Some Farts Are Silent and Others Are Loud"
1691:"Intestinal gas dynamics: mechanisms and clinical relevance"
740:
While not affecting the production of the gases themselves,
1204:
methane, due to the physiology of their digestive systems.
3924:
3487:"Penn State professor's essay on farting takes the prize"
334:
Flatulence-producing foods are typically high in certain
27:
Bodily function of expelling intestinal gas from the anus
88:. "Flatus" is the medical word for gas generated in the
2303:
Miller TL, Wolin MJ, de Macario EC, Macario AJ (1982).
804:
is less likely to produce as much intestinal gas. Some
654:
generated from subjects who were eating a diet high in
120:, which act together in a manner similar to that of an
3279:
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
2454:"Role of anorectal sensation in preserving continence"
1208:
Flatulence is often blamed as a significant source of
492:. It can also be caused by certain medicines, such as
1588:'Let your flatulence fly, scientists urge passengers'
583:
if it contains adequate amounts of these components.
3929:
3779:
On Farting: Language and Laughter in the Middle Ages
3346:"Protective underwear with malodorous flatus filter"
2373:
The American Journal of Gastroenterology Supplements
4560:
4537:
4475:
4442:
4399:
4356:
4349:
4292:
4214:
4055:
3933:
3817:
Who Cut the Cheese?: A Cultural History of the Fart
2401:Suarez FL, Springfield, J, Levitt, MD (July 1998).
590:of nine adults, only five of the samples contained
473:ferment them, producing copious amounts of flatus.
63:
55:
50:
3448:Who Cut the Cheese? A Cultural History of the Fart
2794:
642:are present in flatus. The benzopyrrole volatiles
32:"Fart" redirects here. For usage of the term, see
3836:Blame it on the Dog: A Modern History of the Fart
1895:"Flatulence: Causes, remedies, and complications"
1859:
1857:
820:reduce flatulence in the human intestinal tract.
4689:Symptoms and signs: Digestive system and abdomen
3853:Franklin, Benjamin (2003). Japikse, Carl (ed.).
3718:"People Sometimes Like Stinky Things—Here's Why"
3545:
3543:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1256:was proposed, which promptly became known as a "
1248:and therefore attempts are being made to reduce
1820:The Invisible College of Experimental Flatology
1684:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1672:
968:created by flatulence is commonly treated with
666:by the presence of large numbers of microflora
531:was first recorded over two hundred years ago.
3915:The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, Gas
3397:Conant BJ, Myra M. Conant (November 6, 2001).
2223:
2221:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2074:
2072:
2070:
1835:The ASCRS textbook of colon and rectal surgery
844:, which may be useful in reducing flatulence.
4025:
3089:
3087:
8:
3229:Potter T, Ellis, C, Levitt, M (March 1985).
3925:Invisible College of Experimental Flatology
3859:((Reprint) ed.). Frog Ltd/Blue Snake.
2604:
2602:
1159:in the 1890s. It existed under the name of
4353:
4032:
4018:
4010:
3930:
3749:"Why You Like the Smell Of Your Own Farts"
2861:Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
2660:Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
2079:Tomlin J, Lowis, C, Read, NW (June 1991).
1924:Paleo Leap | Paleo diet Recipes & Tips
47:
3463:"iPhone Fart App Rakes in $ 10,000 a Day"
3291:
3248:
3067:
2873:
2671:
2582:
2572:
2479:
2428:
2385:
2368:"Methanogens in Human Health and Disease"
2342:
2149:
2106:
2050:
1999:
1716:
1635:
1633:
124:. Both the sound and odor are sources of
3518:"Chaponda: Oops I goofed, you can fart!"
3450:. Berkeley, California: Ten Speed Press.
3318:The American Journal of Gastroenterology
3187:The American Journal of Gastroenterology
2731:Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics
2183:The American Journal of Gastroenterology
2137:Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
1943:
1941:
1593:Flatulence on airplanes: just let it go
1418:
512:, are also associated with flatulence.
2765:"Study shows secret to gas-free beans"
2314:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
327:normally or abnormally present in the
84:via the anus, commonly referred to as
3873:Persels, J., & Ganim, R. (2004).
3724:. National Geographic. Archived from
1590:, retrieved 7 March 2023, based upon
207:Patients may complain of bloating as
7:
1254:agricultural emissions research levy
3716:Engelhaupt E (September 30, 2015).
1610:Kumar & Clark Clinical Medicine
1144:earned nearly $ 10,000 in one day.
770:A flexible tube, inserted into the
3652:The City of God Against the Pagans
3606:"Burp vaccine cuts greenhouse gas"
2654:Schmulson M, Chang, L (May 2011).
1032:, received a patent for the first
1028:In 1998, Chester "Buck" Weimer of
674:Volume and intestinal gas dynamics
132:). In many societies, flatus is a
25:
3372:"The 2001 Ig Nobel Prize Winners"
2945:. January 4, 2006. Archived from
2452:Read, M. G., Read, N. W. (1982).
1608:, Michael L. Clark, eds. (2005).
540:Production, composition, and odor
80:is the expulsion of gas from the
3516:Joe Chibewa (February 4, 2011).
3485:Fishlock, Diana (June 8, 2011).
3200:10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.00798.x
2875:10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00808.x
2767:. April 26, 2006. Archived from
2743:10.1111/j.1365-277X.2011.01162.x
2673:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04637.x
2505:"There is physics in every fart"
2196:10.1111/j.1572-0241.1998.00635.x
1342:
1220:, 90–95% of that is released by
658:to stimulate flatus production.
183:) "wind". Derived terms include
3747:Millard E (November 10, 2017).
3097:Digestive Diseases and Sciences
3019:10.1152/japplphysiol.00907.2001
2797:Restoring Your Digestive Health
2561:Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
1052:for Biology for his invention.
3604:Nowak R (September 24, 2004).
2829:The Journal of Family Practice
2529:Shiffer EJ (January 2, 2018).
2503:Totten S (February 28, 2017).
2244:10.1152/ajpgi.1997.272.5.G1028
2231:American Journal of Physiology
529:high altitude flatus expulsion
1:
3461:Chen BX (December 24, 2008).
3344:Weimer C (January 14, 1997).
3069:10.1016/s0378-1097(03)00748-1
3006:Journal of Applied Physiology
2982:10.1016/S0016-5085(98)81700-9
2612:Journal of Applied Toxicology
2335:10.1128/AEM.43.1.227-232.1982
1756:10.1016/S0140-6736(98)02146-1
1551:10.1016/s0140-6736(75)90677-7
1523:, retrieved 19 February 2023.
1511:, retrieved 19 February 2023.
1488:10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.05.026
1036:that contained a replaceable
1024:Garments and external devices
874:. It has been suggested that
856:is available in supplements.
486:non-celiac gluten sensitivity
3772:General and cited references
3250:10.1016/0016-5085(85)90129-5
1982:Czaja-Bulsa G (April 2015).
1865:"Gas in the Digestive Tract"
1427:"Medical Dictionary: Flatus"
1081:, and is managed similarly.
265:olfactory reference syndrome
4253:Charcot's cholangitis triad
2265:Mercer B (April 18, 2009).
1814:Brain M (October 8, 2020).
1612:(6th ed.). Edinburgh:
1475:Journal of Chromatography B
508:. Some infections, such as
4705:
3889:von Schmausen, D. (2002).
3649:(1966). "Book XIV, XXIV".
3493:. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
3293:10.2460/javma.2001.218.892
2307:Methanobrevibacter smithii
2030:Epidemiology and Infection
2001:10.1016/j.clnu.2014.08.012
1689:Azpiroz F (July 1, 2005).
1267:
1070:
781:
729:
462:Methanobrevibacter smithii
128:, annoyance or amusement (
31:
4638:Sister Mary Joseph nodule
3670:Hewitt P (May 24, 2002),
3591:October 14, 2007, at the
3564:Science History Institute
3055:FEMS Microbiology Letters
2151:10.1016/j.cgh.2009.06.029
1788:American Family Physician
1659:Oxford English Dictionary
1643:. NHS. December 12, 2017.
841:Lactobacillus acidophilus
438:that belong to the genus
100:Flatus is brought to the
3920:Dictionary of Fart Slang
3657:Harvard University Press
3628:August 13, 2004, at the
3427:. Flat-D Innovations Inc
2793:, Joseph Brasco (2003).
2574:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00475
1040:. The undergarments are
986:irritable bowel syndrome
478:irritable bowel syndrome
303:, as is the case during
213:irritable bowel syndrome
149:irritable bowel syndrome
3399:"Flatulence deodorizer"
3110:10.1023/A:1005580709390
2919:: 14–16. Archived from
2912:Ostomy Wound Management
1709:10.1136/gut.2004.048868
1179:Air Fouling Legislation
1044:and provide a pocketed
817:Lactobacillus plantarum
612:short chain fatty acids
548:. There are reports of
293:gastroesophageal reflux
187:, otherwise known as a
4045:human digestive system
3781:. Palgrave MacMillan.
3722:Nationalgeographic.com
2625:10.1002/jat.2550140311
1533:Wynne-Jones G (1975).
1252:. To achieve this, an
1205:
1117:
1102:
938:, often used to treat
759:Other drugs including
436:cruciferous vegetables
346:. Those foods include
329:gastrointestinal tract
271:Incontinence of flatus
263:and in extreme forms,
36:. For other uses, see
4331:Obstructed defecation
3800:. Allen & Unwin.
3155:10.1002/mds.870100215
2949:on September 22, 2007
2923:on September 22, 2019
2387:10.1038/ajgsup.2012.6
1193:
1166:In January 2011, the
1108:
1092:
990:Bismuth subsalicylate
862:fructooligosaccharide
581:flatus can be ignited
38:Fart (disambiguation)
4593:Aure-Rozanova's sign
4552:Hannington-Kiff sign
4547:Howship–Romberg sign
4505:Aortic insufficiency
4407:Abdominal distension
3834:Dawson, Jim (2006).
3815:Dawson, Jim (1999).
3796:, Stanton R (1997).
3425:"About the Inventor"
3378:on February 25, 2011
2472:10.1136/gut.23.4.345
2421:10.1136/gut.43.1.100
2238:(5 Pt 1): G1028–33.
2099:10.1136/gut.32.6.665
2023:Flanagan PA (1992).
1926:. September 14, 2014
1327:Personal experiences
1296:professional farters
1250:greenhouse emissions
1186:Environmental impact
732:Abdominal distension
525:atmospheric pressure
400:Jerusalem artichokes
209:abdominal distension
170:abdominal distension
4158:Chilaiditi syndrome
3838:. Ten Speed Press.
3819:. Ten Speed Press.
3659:. pp. 389–391.
3632:By Gary Polakovic.
2905:Turnbull G (2005).
2327:1982ApEnM..43..227M
1961:. pp. 257–58.
1954:On Food and Cooking
1839:Springer Publishing
1171:Minister of Justice
1157:John Gregory Bourke
1085:Society and culture
1079:faecal incontinence
1073:Faecal incontinence
982:faecal incontinence
886:alpha-galactosidase
876:alpha-galactosidase
811:Lactobacillus casei
744:(agents that lower
640:dimethyl trisulfide
490:lactose intolerance
465:) that inhabit the
277:faecal incontinence
157:lactose intolerance
104:and pressurized by
4525:Grey Turner's sign
4455:Hepatosplenomegaly
4384:Abdominal guarding
4316:Fecal occult blood
4307:Fecal incontinence
4278:Mirizzi's syndrome
4188:Sherren's triangle
4041:Signs and symptoms
3777:Allen, V. (2007).
3753:www.menshealth.com
3405:on October 7, 2013
3352:on October 7, 2013
3142:Movement Disorders
2309:from human faeces"
1899:Medical News Today
1875:on August 13, 2015
1206:
1194:The flatulence of
1155:was documented by
1118:
1103:
1008:activated charcoal
1002:Activated charcoal
995:ulcerative colitis
970:bismuth subgallate
636:dimethyl disulfide
195:Signs and symptoms
185:vaginal flatulence
4651:
4650:
4623:Fothergill's sign
4613:Rosenstein's sign
4533:
4532:
4488:Mallet-Guy's sign
4427:Shifting dullness
4248:Courvoisier's law
4007:
4006:
3807:978-1-86448-321-5
3787:978-0-312-23493-5
3634:Los Angeles Times
3446:Dawson J (1999).
2943:"Colostomy Guide"
1848:978-0-387-24846-2
1665:on June 23, 2017.
1545:(7927): 211–212.
1218:methane emissions
978:bariatric surgery
726:Pain and bloating
521:human spaceflight
457:methane-producing
203:Bloating and pain
75:
74:
45:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
4696:
4669:Digestive system
4354:
4341:Rectal discharge
4257:Reynolds' pentad
4196:Radiologic signs
4183:McBurney's point
4057:Gastrointestinal
4043:relating to the
4034:
4027:
4020:
4011:
3931:
3904:
3870:
3849:
3830:
3811:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3744:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3713:
3707:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3667:
3661:
3660:
3643:
3637:
3636:, July 13, 2003.
3620:
3614:
3613:
3601:
3595:
3582:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3571:
3547:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3533:
3528:on July 14, 2011
3524:. Archived from
3513:
3507:
3506:
3500:
3498:
3491:The Patriot-News
3482:
3473:
3472:
3458:
3452:
3451:
3443:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3421:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3401:. Archived from
3394:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3383:
3374:. Archived from
3368:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3357:
3348:. Archived from
3341:
3335:
3334:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3295:
3269:
3263:
3262:
3252:
3236:Gastroenterology
3226:
3220:
3219:
3181:
3175:
3174:
3136:
3130:
3129:
3091:
3082:
3081:
3071:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2970:Gastroenterology
2965:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2954:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2928:
2902:
2896:
2895:
2877:
2851:
2845:
2844:
2823:
2817:
2816:
2803:Kensington Books
2800:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2675:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2606:
2597:
2596:
2586:
2576:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2483:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2432:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2346:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2225:
2216:
2215:
2177:
2164:
2163:
2153:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2110:
2076:
2065:
2064:
2054:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2003:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1945:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1871:. Archived from
1861:
1852:
1851:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1795:(12): 1098–100.
1782:
1776:
1775:
1750:(9135): 1187–9.
1737:
1731:
1730:
1720:
1686:
1667:
1666:
1661:. Archived from
1651:
1645:
1644:
1637:
1628:
1627:
1602:
1596:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1469:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1423:
1384:Flatulence humor
1352:
1347:
1346:
1210:greenhouse gases
1113:print employing
1061:Mililani, Hawaii
1030:Pueblo, Colorado
1018:
1013:
868:Digestive enzyme
836:intestinal flora
688:sphincter muscle
632:dimethyl sulfide
624:methyl mercaptan
620:Hydrogen sulfide
432:Brussels sprouts
340:oligosaccharides
234:Excessive volume
221:
177:American English
130:flatulence humor
70:Gastroenterology
48:
21:
4704:
4703:
4699:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4693:
4654:
4653:
4652:
4647:
4608:Lockwood's sign
4556:
4529:
4500:Ballance's sign
4471:
4438:
4432:Fluid wave test
4395:
4389:Blumberg's sign
4345:
4321:Rectal tenesmus
4288:
4228:Councilman body
4210:
4153:Goodsall's rule
4141:Hypersalivation
4058:
4051:
4038:
4008:
4003:
4002:
3942:
3911:
3901:
3888:
3867:
3852:
3846:
3833:
3827:
3814:
3808:
3792:
3774:
3769:
3768:
3758:
3756:
3746:
3745:
3741:
3731:
3729:
3715:
3714:
3710:
3701:
3699:
3693:
3692:
3688:
3679:
3677:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3647:Saint Augustine
3645:
3644:
3640:
3630:Wayback Machine
3621:
3617:
3603:
3602:
3598:
3593:Wayback Machine
3583:
3579:
3569:
3567:
3552:"Tummy Trouble"
3550:Kean S (2018).
3549:
3548:
3541:
3531:
3529:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3496:
3494:
3484:
3483:
3476:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3430:
3428:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3408:
3406:
3396:
3395:
3391:
3381:
3379:
3370:
3369:
3365:
3355:
3353:
3343:
3342:
3338:
3314:
3313:
3309:
3271:
3270:
3266:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3183:
3182:
3178:
3138:
3137:
3133:
3093:
3092:
3085:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2967:
2966:
2962:
2952:
2950:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2926:
2924:
2904:
2903:
2899:
2853:
2852:
2848:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2813:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2774:
2772:
2763:
2762:
2758:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2712:
2710:
2708:Gastro Training
2702:
2701:
2697:
2666:(10): 1071–86.
2653:
2652:
2648:
2608:
2607:
2600:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2539:
2537:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2513:
2511:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2227:
2226:
2219:
2190:(11): 2276–81.
2179:
2178:
2167:
2144:(10): 1127–29.
2129:
2128:
2124:
2078:
2077:
2068:
2022:
2021:
2017:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1969:
1947:
1946:
1939:
1929:
1927:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1903:
1901:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1878:
1876:
1863:
1862:
1855:
1849:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1816:"Bimodal Farts"
1813:
1812:
1808:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1688:
1687:
1670:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1639:
1638:
1631:
1624:
1616:. p. 266.
1604:
1603:
1599:
1586:
1582:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1519:
1515:
1507:
1503:
1482:(28): 3366–77.
1471:
1470:
1447:
1437:
1435:
1432:Merriam-Webster
1425:
1424:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1390:The Gas We Pass
1348:
1341:
1338:
1329:
1314:Blazing Saddles
1281:The City of God
1276:Saint Augustine
1272:
1266:
1188:
1175:George Chaponda
1138:whoopee cushion
1087:
1075:
1069:
1038:charcoal filter
1016:
1011:
957:
794:low-FODMAP diet
790:
782:Main articles:
780:
746:surface tension
738:
730:Main articles:
728:
720:
676:
626:(also known as
542:
537:
467:digestive tract
336:polysaccharides
313:small intestine
285:
273:
260:
236:
219:
205:
197:
181:British English
165:
46:
41:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4702:
4700:
4692:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4656:
4655:
4649:
4648:
4646:
4645:
4643:Blumer's shelf
4640:
4635:
4633:Massouh's sign
4630:
4628:Carnett's sign
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4583:Hamburger sign
4580:
4578:Rovsing's sign
4575:
4573:Obturator sign
4570:
4564:
4562:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4554:
4549:
4543:
4541:
4535:
4534:
4531:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4510:Castell's sign
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4491:
4490:
4479:
4477:
4473:
4472:
4470:
4469:
4468:
4467:
4462:
4452:
4450:Abdominal mass
4446:
4444:
4440:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4403:
4401:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4393:
4392:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4364:Abdominal pain
4360:
4358:
4351:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4304:
4298:
4296:
4290:
4289:
4287:
4286:
4281:
4275:
4270:
4259:
4250:
4245:
4236:
4235:
4230:
4218:
4216:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4208:
4203:
4201:Hampton's line
4191:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4149:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4122:
4121:
4116:
4106:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4063:
4061:
4053:
4052:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4029:
4022:
4014:
4005:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3989:
3974:
3959:
3943:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3934:Classification
3928:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3910:
3909:External links
3907:
3906:
3905:
3899:
3886:
3871:
3865:
3850:
3844:
3831:
3825:
3812:
3806:
3790:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3755:. Men's Health
3739:
3728:on May 9, 2021
3708:
3686:
3662:
3638:
3615:
3596:
3577:
3539:
3508:
3474:
3453:
3438:
3416:
3389:
3363:
3336:
3307:
3264:
3221:
3176:
3131:
3104:(7): 1439–43.
3083:
3040:
3013:(4): 1655–60.
2995:
2960:
2934:
2897:
2868:(8): 1001–08.
2846:
2818:
2812:978-0758202826
2811:
2782:
2771:on May 2, 2006
2756:
2720:
2695:
2646:
2598:
2547:
2521:
2495:
2444:
2393:
2358:
2305:"Isolation of
2295:
2281:
2275:. p. 71.
2257:
2217:
2165:
2122:
2093:(6): 665–669.
2066:
2015:
1974:
1967:
1937:
1911:
1886:
1853:
1847:
1825:
1806:
1777:
1732:
1668:
1646:
1629:
1622:
1597:
1580:
1525:
1513:
1501:
1445:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1353:
1350:Biology portal
1337:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1268:Main article:
1265:
1262:
1246:Kyoto Protocol
1187:
1184:
1086:
1083:
1071:Main article:
1068:
1065:
1050:Ig Nobel Prize
956:
953:
942:caused by the
853:L. acidophilus
847:L. acidophilus
779:
776:
727:
724:
719:
716:
675:
672:
565:carbon dioxide
541:
538:
536:
533:
482:celiac disease
453:microorganisms
388:sweet potatoes
356:dairy products
295:disease). The
284:
281:
272:
269:
259:
256:
235:
232:
204:
201:
196:
193:
164:
161:
153:celiac disease
73:
72:
67:
61:
60:
57:
53:
52:
44:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4701:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4674:Medical signs
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4661:
4659:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4598:Dunphy's sign
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4588:Heel tap sign
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4544:
4542:
4540:
4536:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4520:Cullen's sign
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4489:
4486:
4485:
4484:
4481:
4480:
4478:
4474:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4457:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4441:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4369:Acute abdomen
4367:
4366:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4352:
4348:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4295:
4291:
4285:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4273:Lépine's sign
4271:
4269:
4268:Murphy's sign
4265:
4264:
4263:cholecystitis
4260:
4258:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4238:
4237:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4220:
4219:
4217:
4213:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4193:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4178:Markle's sign
4176:
4174:
4173:Arapov's sign
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4114:oropharyngeal
4112:
4111:
4110:
4107:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4089:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4060:
4054:
4050:
4046:
4042:
4035:
4030:
4028:
4023:
4021:
4016:
4015:
4012:
3999:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3973:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3958:
3954:
3953:
3949:
3945:
3944:
3941:
3936:
3932:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3902:
3896:
3892:
3887:
3884:
3883:0-7546-4116-3
3880:
3876:
3872:
3868:
3866:1-58394-079-0
3862:
3858:
3857:
3851:
3847:
3845:1-58008-751-5
3841:
3837:
3832:
3828:
3826:1-58008-011-1
3822:
3818:
3813:
3809:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3754:
3750:
3743:
3740:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3712:
3709:
3698:
3697:
3690:
3687:
3675:
3674:
3666:
3663:
3658:
3654:
3653:
3648:
3642:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3627:
3624:
3619:
3616:
3611:
3610:New Scientist
3607:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3581:
3578:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3556:Distillations
3553:
3546:
3544:
3540:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3512:
3509:
3505:
3492:
3488:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3470:
3469:
3464:
3457:
3454:
3449:
3442:
3439:
3431:September 10,
3426:
3420:
3417:
3409:September 10,
3404:
3400:
3393:
3390:
3377:
3373:
3367:
3364:
3351:
3347:
3340:
3337:
3332:
3328:
3325:(3): 192–96.
3324:
3320:
3319:
3311:
3308:
3303:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3286:(6): 892–96.
3285:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3268:
3265:
3260:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3243:(3): 620–24.
3242:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3225:
3222:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3194:(1): 208–12.
3193:
3189:
3188:
3180:
3177:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3149:(2): 220–22.
3148:
3144:
3143:
3135:
3132:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3098:
3090:
3088:
3084:
3079:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3062:(1): 137–42.
3061:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3044:
3041:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3007:
2999:
2996:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2976:(5): 923–29.
2975:
2971:
2964:
2961:
2953:September 10,
2948:
2944:
2938:
2935:
2927:September 22,
2922:
2918:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2901:
2898:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2862:
2857:
2850:
2847:
2842:
2838:
2835:(5): 441–45.
2834:
2830:
2822:
2819:
2814:
2808:
2804:
2799:
2798:
2792:
2786:
2783:
2775:September 10,
2770:
2766:
2760:
2757:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2737:(5): 487–95.
2736:
2732:
2724:
2721:
2709:
2705:
2704:"Flatus tube"
2699:
2696:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2650:
2647:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2619:(3): 207–11.
2618:
2614:
2613:
2605:
2603:
2599:
2594:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2551:
2548:
2536:
2532:
2525:
2522:
2510:
2506:
2499:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2466:(4): 345–47.
2465:
2461:
2460:
2455:
2448:
2445:
2440:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2415:(1): 100–04.
2414:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2397:
2394:
2388:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2362:
2359:
2354:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2321:(1): 227–32.
2320:
2316:
2315:
2310:
2308:
2299:
2296:
2284:
2282:9781440519871
2278:
2274:
2270:
2269:
2261:
2258:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2232:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2126:
2123:
2118:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2067:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2019:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1994:(2): 189–94.
1993:
1989:
1985:
1978:
1975:
1970:
1968:0-684-84328-5
1964:
1960:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1912:
1900:
1896:
1890:
1887:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1829:
1826:
1821:
1817:
1810:
1807:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1789:
1781:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1736:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1703:(7): 893–95.
1702:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1650:
1647:
1642:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1625:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1606:Parveen Kumar
1601:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1476:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1379:Fart lighting
1377:
1375:
1374:Eproctophilia
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1359:Antiflatulent
1357:
1356:
1351:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1333:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1315:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1282:
1277:
1271:
1264:Entertainment
1263:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1169:
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944:microorganism
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784:Antiflatulent
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504:medicines or
503:
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449:carbohydrates
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368:spring onions
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4603:Alder's sign
4465:Splenomegaly
4460:Hepatomegaly
4326:Constipation
4301:
4261:
4239:
4233:Mallory body
4221:
4206:Klemm's sign
4194:
4168:Aaron's sign
4163:Dance's sign
4092:Trichophagia
3991:
3976:
3961:
3946:
3890:
3874:
3856:Fart Proudly
3855:
3835:
3816:
3797:
3778:
3759:September 3,
3757:. Retrieved
3752:
3742:
3732:September 3,
3730:. Retrieved
3726:the original
3721:
3711:
3702:September 8,
3700:, retrieved
3695:
3689:
3680:September 8,
3678:, retrieved
3673:Thunderpants
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3497:December 28,
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2947:the original
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2921:the original
2916:
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2707:
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2535:Men's Health
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2267:
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1977:
1953:
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1923:
1914:
1902:. Retrieved
1898:
1889:
1877:. Retrieved
1873:the original
1837:, New York:
1834:
1828:
1819:
1809:
1792:
1786:
1780:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1700:
1694:
1663:the original
1658:
1649:
1641:"Flatulence"
1609:
1600:
1592:
1583:
1542:
1538:
1528:
1521:soranews.com
1516:
1504:
1479:
1473:
1436:. Retrieved
1430:
1421:
1388:
1330:
1318:
1312:
1310:
1305:Thunderpants
1303:
1290:
1279:
1273:
1242:
1207:
1199:
1177:, said that
1165:
1160:
1152:
1146:
1130:
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1093:
1076:
1067:Incontinence
1054:
1034:undergarment
1027:
1023:
1022:
1005:
1001:
1000:
963:
959:
958:
946:
930:
910:glucoamylase
866:
851:
845:
839:
822:
815:
809:
798:
791:
769:
765:lubiprostone
758:
739:
721:
685:
683:defecation.
681:
677:
664:
660:
652:
628:methanethiol
597:
585:
554:
543:
514:
475:
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317:fermentation
286:
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261:
252:
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237:
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198:
188:
179:) "gas" or (
174:
166:
138:
99:
94:
85:
77:
76:
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29:
4618:Cupola sign
4515:Kehr's sign
4495:Puddle sign
4126:Odynophagia
3798:Wind Breaks
3522:Marevi Post
2273:Adams Media
2037:(1): 1–22.
1509:wikihow.com
1401:Fart (word)
1369:Borborygmus
1364:Armpit fart
1300:Mr. Methane
1292:Le Pétomane
1230:methanogens
1151:game named
1109:A Japanese
1046:escape hole
828:live yogurt
788:Carminative
761:prokinetics
750:simethicone
742:surfactants
656:pinto beans
618:compounds.
420:Cauliflower
325:prokaryotes
305:steatorrhea
163:Terminology
56:Other names
34:Fart (word)
4664:Flatulence
4658:Categories
4568:Psoas sign
4400:Distension
4379:Baby colic
4311:encopresis
4302:Flatulence
4294:Defecation
4284:Nardi test
4243:Boas' sign
4136:Xerostomia
4131:Bad breath
4119:esophageal
4097:Pagophagia
4082:Aerophagia
3900:1435709195
3468:Wired News
2288:October 2,
1990:(Review).
1879:August 24,
1743:The Lancet
1623:0702027634
1438:August 24,
1408:References
1320:Scooby-Doo
1153:Touch Wood
1115:fart humor
1100:Edo period
1057:pantiliner
933:antibiotic
872:intestines
858:Prebiotics
824:Probiotics
718:Management
710:or during
690:, and the
550:aerophagia
523:; the low
510:giardiasis
502:antifungal
434:and other
297:endogenous
289:aerophagia
244:aerophagia
145:eructation
122:embouchure
82:intestines
78:Flatulence
51:Flatulence
4215:Accessory
4109:Dysphagia
4102:Geophagia
4077:Heartburn
1988:Clin Nutr
1930:April 17,
1904:April 17,
1559:0140-6736
1413:Citations
1270:Flatulist
1214:livestock
1134:flatulist
1095:He-gassen
1042:air-tight
976:surgery,
936:rifaximin
926:bromelain
922:pectinase
914:invertase
906:cellulase
579:, and so
577:flammable
535:Mechanism
498:laxatives
494:ibuprofen
459:archaea;
301:digestion
95:flatology
65:Specialty
18:Flatulate
4684:Reflexes
4483:Jaundice
4412:Bloating
4336:Diarrhea
4240:biliary:
4072:Vomiting
3893:. LULU.
3794:Bolin TD
3626:Archived
3589:Archived
3570:June 26,
3532:March 2,
3382:June 22,
3356:July 27,
3302:11294313
3216:20729051
3171:11723220
3118:10961726
3078:14612249
3035:37217656
3027:11896034
2892:19613386
2884:10930893
2791:Rubin JS
2751:21615553
2713:April 3,
2690:20718176
2682:21488913
2593:29021750
2212:20991299
2160:19602452
2010:25245857
1959:Scribner
1951:(1984).
1801:19530642
1727:15951528
1614:Saunders
1496:19505855
1336:See also
1286:Rabelais
1258:fart tax
1222:exhaling
1126:coughing
1122:cultures
1120:In many
940:diarrhea
918:diastase
902:protease
800:product
736:Bloating
708:sneezing
704:coughing
696:velocity
668:bacteria
569:hydrogen
561:nitrogen
471:bacteria
441:Brassica
424:broccoli
392:potatoes
384:radishes
342:such as
141:bloating
118:buttocks
110:feculent
4679:Methane
4422:Tympany
4417:Ascites
4350:Abdomen
4146:Burping
4049:abdomen
3998:D005414
3331:7015846
3259:3917957
3208:9934757
3163:7753066
2990:9558280
2841:7964541
2641:7453218
2633:8083482
2584:5624195
2490:7076012
2481:1419736
2439:9771412
2430:1727181
2353:6798932
2323:Bibcode
2252:9176210
2204:9820415
2117:1648028
2108:1378885
2061:1499664
2052:2272232
2043:3863897
1949:McGee H
1772:1750363
1764:9777836
1718:1774596
1655:"trump"
1575:9443068
1396:Tympany
1238:seaweed
1234:oregano
1226:burping
1149:farting
1111:ukiyo-e
960:Bismuth
948:E. coli
916:, malt
894:amylase
890:lactase
883:enzymes
879:enzymes
806:legumes
754:burping
698:of the
648:skatole
608:ammonia
604:skatole
592:archaea
573:methane
506:statins
428:cabbage
396:cashews
376:turnips
352:lentils
309:stomach
106:muscles
90:stomach
86:farting
4539:Hernia
4443:Masses
4067:Nausea
3897:
3881:
3863:
3842:
3823:
3804:
3785:
3329:
3300:
3257:
3214:
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2041:
2008:
1965:
1845:
1799:
1770:
1762:
1725:
1715:
1620:
1573:
1565:
1557:
1539:Lancet
1494:
1168:Malawi
1161:Safety
1142:iPhone
1136:. The
1017:
1012:
974:ostomy
924:, and
898:lipase
778:Volume
772:rectum
712:orgasm
644:indole
616:sulfur
600:indole
588:faeces
557:oxygen
517:flight
416:breads
410:, and
380:swedes
364:garlic
360:onions
344:inulin
220:
102:rectum
4561:Other
4476:Other
4374:Colic
4223:liver
4059:tract
3987:787.3
3562:(1).
3212:S2CID
3167:S2CID
3122:S2CID
3031:S2CID
2888:S2CID
2686:S2CID
2637:S2CID
2208:S2CID
2039:JSTOR
1768:S2CID
1571:S2CID
1567:51965
832:kefir
692:force
546:colon
412:yeast
408:wheat
372:leeks
348:beans
321:yeast
283:Cause
228:sleep
189:queef
134:taboo
4357:Pain
4309:and
4087:Pica
3993:MeSH
3982:9-CM
3957:ME08
3895:ISBN
3879:ISBN
3861:ISBN
3840:ISBN
3821:ISBN
3802:ISBN
3783:ISBN
3761:2021
3734:2021
3704:2022
3682:2022
3572:2018
3534:2011
3499:2011
3433:2007
3411:2007
3384:2010
3358:2007
3327:PMID
3298:PMID
3255:PMID
3204:PMID
3159:PMID
3114:PMID
3074:PMID
3023:PMID
2986:PMID
2955:2007
2929:2019
2880:PMID
2837:PMID
2807:ISBN
2777:2007
2747:PMID
2715:2016
2678:PMID
2629:PMID
2589:PMID
2542:2024
2516:2024
2509:WHYY
2486:PMID
2435:PMID
2349:PMID
2290:2014
2277:ISBN
2248:PMID
2200:PMID
2156:PMID
2113:PMID
2057:PMID
2006:PMID
1963:ISBN
1932:2018
1906:2018
1881:2015
1843:ISBN
1797:PMID
1760:PMID
1723:PMID
1618:ISBN
1563:PMID
1555:ISSN
1492:PMID
1440:2015
1317:and
1236:and
1201:burp
1196:cows
984:and
966:odor
964:The
955:Odor
931:The
814:and
802:miso
786:and
734:and
646:and
638:and
610:and
571:and
519:and
404:oats
258:Odor
116:and
114:anus
4047:or
3978:ICD
3972:R14
3963:ICD
3948:ICD
3566:: 5
3288:doi
3284:218
3245:doi
3196:doi
3151:doi
3106:doi
3064:doi
3060:228
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2978:doi
2974:114
2870:doi
2739:doi
2668:doi
2621:doi
2579:PMC
2569:doi
2476:PMC
2468:doi
2459:Gut
2425:PMC
2417:doi
2408:Gut
2382:doi
2339:PMC
2331:doi
2240:doi
2236:272
2192:doi
2146:doi
2103:PMC
2095:doi
2086:Gut
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2035:109
1996:doi
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1748:352
1713:PMC
1705:doi
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1547:doi
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