196:
fluoride varnish treatments, one can save by preventing future restorations. Fluoride varnish also requires fewer treatments for measurable effectiveness, therefore in the long run it is cost effective when compared to other treatments. A 2020 Cochrane systematic review found that while varnish may be effective at preventing cavities when applied to first permanent molars, there is no evidence to suggest if varnish is superior to resin-based fissure sealants. There is low quality evidence suggesting that when tooth surfaces were sealed and varnished with fluoride, as opposed to when varnished only with fluoride varnish, there may be an advantage.
20:
282:
213:
186:
Different varnish products release varying amounts of calcium, inorganic phosphate, and fluoride ions. MI varnish releases the most amounts of calcium ions and fluoride. Enamel Pro varnish releases the most inorganic phosphate ions. Each type of varnish is designed to be used in specific situations.
195:
There is some evidence that fluoride varnish treatment has a better outcome at preventing cavities at a lower cost compared to other fluoride treatments such as the fluoride mouth rinsing. For fluoride varnish treatment, the benefit to cost ratio 1.8:1, whereas fluoride mouth rinsing is 0.9:1. With
152:
A panel of experts convened by the
American Dental Association (ADA) Council on Scientific Affairs presents evidence-based clinical recommendations regarding professionally applied, prescription-strength and home-use topical fluoride agents for caries prevention. The panel recommends the use of 2.26
104:
for use as desensitising agents, but, currently, not as an anti-decay agent. Both
Canadian and European studies have reported that fluoride varnish is as effective in preventing tooth decay as professionally applied fluoride gel; however, it is not in widespread use for this purpose.
73:. There are more than 30 fluoride-containing varnish products on the market today, and they have varying compositions and delivery systems. These compositional differences lead to widely variable pharmacokinetics, the effects of which remain largely untested clinically.
467:
Lawrence, Herenia P.; Binguis, Darlene; Douglas, Jan; McKeown, Lynda; Switzer, Bonita; Figueiredo, Rafael; Laporte, Audrey (December 2008). "A 2-year community-randomized controlled trial of fluoride varnish to prevent early childhood caries in
Aboriginal children".
153:
percent fluoride varnish for people at risk of developing dental caries. As part of the evidence-based approach to care, these clinical recommendations should be integrated with a practitioner's professional judgment and the patient's needs and preferences.
246:
Fluoride varnish was a higher concentration than the foam and gel. There was not a significant difference in the amount of remineralization between gels, foams, and varnish. A study with a larger sample size and a longer time frame could show differing
260:
Due to the color of and adherence of some brands of fluoride varnish, they may cause a temporary change in the surface color of teeth as well as some filling materials. As the varnish is worn away by eating and brushing, the yellowish colour
240:, even in children under the age of 6. This is due to the reduction in the amount of fluoride which may potentially be swallowed during the fluoride treatment because of the small quantities used and the adherence of the varnish to the teeth.
177:
have both released independent guidance recommending at least twice yearly fluoride varnish application, citing a strong clinical evidence base. SIGN recommends fluoride varnish at a concentration of 2.2%, while SDCEP recommends 15%.
169:, a UK government organisation sponsored by the Department of Health, released guidance in 2014 recommending fluoride varnish application at least twice yearly for children and young adults. Similarly, the
871:
595:
Todd, Mark A.; Staley, Robert N.; Kanellis, Michael J.; Donly, Kevin J.; Wefel, James S. (August 1999). "Effect of a fluoride varnish on demineralization adjacent to orthodontic brackets".
267:
They do not have the bitter taste of some fluoride gels, but in some patients the taste of the varnish can cause nausea especially when consuming food within the 24 hours post treatment.
308:
Fluoride treatment for institutionalized patients or in other situations where setting, equipment and patient management might preclude the use of other fluoride delivery methods
1100:"Effecto of fluoride varnish on streptococcus mutans counts in plaque of caries-free children using Dentocult SM strip mutans test: a randomized controlled triple blind study"
679:
Ritter, André V.; de Dias, Walter L.; Miguez, Patrícia; Caplan, Daniel J.; Swift, Edward J. (July 2006). "Treating cervical dentin hypersensitivity with fluoride varnish".
919:
1320:
57:. It is not a permanent varnish but due to its adherent nature it is able to stay in contact with the tooth surface for several hours. It may be applied to the
233:
It has a sticky consistency which helps it to adhere to the tooth’s surface thereby allowing the fluoride to stay in contact with the tooth for several hours
128:
based solution. The concentration, form of fluoride, and dispensing method may vary depending on the manufacturer. While most fluoride varnishes contain 5%
170:
511:
Zimmer, Stefan; Robke, Franz Josef; Roulet, Jean-François (April 1999). "Caries prevention with fluoride varnish in a socially deprived community".
878:
187:
To date, there have been no studies that show that altering the basic formulation recommended by the FDA will result in greater caries reduction.
227:
Because they do not require the use of fluoride trays they are suitable for use in patients with a strong gag reflex (See image to the right)
1139:
Yee YE; et al. (2010). "Comparison of remineralization effect of three topical fluoride regimens on enamil initial carious lesions".
174:
1043:"Pit and fissure sealants versus fluoride varnishes for preventing dental decay in the permanent teeth of children and adolescents"
926:
950:
NJ Cochrane; P Shen; Y Yuan; EC Reynolds (Mar 2014). "Ion release from calcium and fluoride containing dental varnishes".
302:
In the elderly to prevent increasingly prevalent root dentin lesions, which may require higher concentration of fluoride
230:
Due to the small amounts used and the rapid setting time there is only a small or negligible amount of fluoride ingested
101:
1381:
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243:
Fluoride varnish treatments are shown to reduce the number of the cariogenic bacteria S. Mutans by over ten-fold.
210:
Fluoride varnishes are available in different flavours which can be advantageous when treating younger patients
70:
305:
On advanced enamel carious lesions, which may also require higher fluoride concentration for remineralization
236:
Based on published findings, professionally applied fluoride varnish does not appear to be a risk factor for
1230:
Tan HP, Lo EC, Dyson JE, Luo Y, Corbet EF (2010). "A randomized trial on root caries prevention in elders".
384:
324:
Fluoride treatment on patients when there is a concern that a fluoride rinse, gel or foam might be swallowed
290:
Use as a topical fluoride agent on moderate and high-risk patients, especially children aged 5 and younger
347:
166:
1274:
995:
Skold, UM (Oct 2008). "Cost-analysis of school based fluoride varnish and fluoride rinsing programs".
24:
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704:
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389:
338:
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Varnish costs more than gel and requires a prescription unlike the gel that is over the counter.
69:
of the tooth and can be used to help prevent decay, remineralise the tooth surface and to treat
1302:
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1212:
1187:"The role of fluoride in the preventive management of dentin hypersensitivity and root caries"
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632:"The role of fluoride in the preventive management of dentin hypersensitivity and root caries"
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449:
548:"An in vitro Comparative Evaluation of Three Remineralizing Agents using Confocal Microscopy"
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Kashbour, Wafa; Gupta, Puneet; Worthington, Helen V.; Boyers, Dwayne (November 4, 2020).
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Patients that are at low-risk or are decay-free and live in an area where the water is
162:
925:(Report). Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme. April 2010. Archived from
722:
Bawden, JW (1998). "Fluoride varnish: a useful new tool for public health dentistry".
608:
281:
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1275:"The Application of Fluoride Varnish in the Prevention and Control of Dental Caries"
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Treatment of areas where discoloration after treatment may be an aesthetic concern
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Professionally applied topical fluoride: Evidence-based clinical recommendations
318:
93:
1273:
Davies, Gill M; Bridgman, Colette; Hough, Donna; Davies, Robin M (2009-09-02).
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When a higher concentration of fluoride is needed for high caries risk patients
19:
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351:
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1098:
Jeevarathan J, Deepti A, Muthu MS, Ratha Prabhu V, Chamundeeswari GS (2007).
1066:
824:"Fluoride varnishes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents"
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that has been milled to perform similar to 5% sodium fluoride products in a
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Delivering better oral health: an evidence-based toolkit for prevention
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at least one brand of fluoride varnish contains 1% difluorsilane in a
418:
Weintraub, JA; Ramos-Gomez, F; Jue, B; Shain, S; et al. (2006).
222:
117:
85:
81:
165:, following guidelines from multiple sources backing its efficacy.
908:(Report). Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. March 2014.
280:
211:
125:
39:
420:"Fluoride Varnish Efficacy in Preventing Early Childhood Caries"
346:
Fluoride varnish application is contraindicated in patient with
903:
SIGN 138 • Dental interventions to prevent caries in children
597:
American
Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
877:(Report). Public Health England. June 2014. Archived from
1346:
108:
Fluoride varnish is composed of a high concentration of
1366:
1361:
920:
Prevention and
Management of Dental Caries in Children
221:
They dry rapidly and will set even in the presence of
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175:Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme
100:prevention therapy. They are recognised by the
681:The Journal of the American Dental Association
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293:Desensitizing agent for exposed root surfaces
76:Fluoride varnishes are relatively new in the
8:
80:, but they have been widely used in western
1047:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
552:Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
413:
411:
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171:Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network
50:or other dental professional, as a type of
1367:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
314:Remineralization of lesions in root dentin
311:Caries prevention on exposed root surfaces
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513:Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology
470:Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology
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216:Fluoride trays filled with fluoride foam
18:
1362:American Dental Hygienists' Association
828:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
762:Donly, K (2003). "Fluoride varnishes".
757:
755:
753:
630:Petersson, Lars G. (28 December 2012).
405:
321:bands and brackets (See image to right)
161:Fluoride varnish is widely used in the
1357:Canadian Dental Hygienists Association
250:They can be applied easily and quickly
1036:
1034:
120:-based preparation in a fast drying,
7:
16:Highly concentrated form of fluoride
736:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1998.tb03007.x
724:Journal of Public Health Dentistry
525:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1999.tb01998.x
14:
272:Indications and contraindications
136:base and one brand contains 2.5%
34:is a highly concentrated form of
1193:. 17 Suppl 1 (Suppl 1): S63-71.
482:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2008.00427.x
1352:The American Dental Association
1347:The Canadian Dental Association
693:10.14219/jada.archive.2006.0324
96:countries since the 1980s as a
1059:10.1002/14651858.CD003067.pub5
840:10.1002/14651858.CD002279.pub2
1:
609:10.1016/S0889-5406(99)70213-1
1104:J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent
636:Clinical Oral Investigations
564:10.7860/JCDR/2016/18191.7984
317:Fluoride application around
200:Advantages and disadvantages
102:Food and Drug Administration
1291:10.12968/denu.2009.36.7.410
1153:10.1016/j.jdent.2009.10.002
1398:
1232:Journal of Dental Research
1185:Petersson, LG (Mar 2013).
436:10.1177/154405910608500211
424:Journal of Dental Research
296:Fluoridated cavity varnish
1199:10.1007/s00784-012-0916-9
1009:10.1080/00016350802293978
952:Australian Dental Journal
648:10.1007/s00784-012-0916-9
329:Contraindications for use
27:Duraphat fluoride varnish
1325:www.forwardhealth.wi.gov
1321:"Fluoride Varnish Guide"
1244:10.1177/0022034510375825
546:Chokshi, Krunal (2016).
334:Areas with open cavities
148:Clinical recommendations
71:dentine hypersensitivity
1117:10.4103/0970-4388.37010
809:"FluoriMax NaF Varnish"
385:Dentin hypersensitivity
38:that is applied to the
797:(Report). August 2006.
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348:ulcerative gingivitis
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167:Public Health England
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822:Marinho, VC (2013).
285:Orthodontic brackets
277:Indications for use
1191:Clin Oral Investig
997:Acta Odontol Scand
764:J Calif Dent Assoc
390:Dental restoration
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182:Types of varnish
55:fluoride therapy
48:dental hygienist
42:'s surface by a
32:Fluoride varnish
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94:Scandinavian
90:South Africa
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31:
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339:fluoridated
319:orthodontic
1330:2020-12-07
936:2016-11-02
888:2016-11-02
401:References
375:Xerostomia
352:stomatitis
205:Advantages
1299:0305-5000
1067:1469-493X
1376:Category
1307:19810396
1252:20671206
1217:23271217
1161:19819290
1126:18007100
1085:33142363
1025:43627737
1017:18720049
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858:23846772
849:10758998
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666:23271217
617:10434089
582:27504408
533:10226719
498:13177422
490:18422711
454:16434737
359:See also
247:results.
173:and the
110:fluoride
92:and the
67:cementum
36:fluoride
23:Tube of
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1076:9308902
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450:PMID
350:and
124:and
114:salt
1287:doi
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1071:PMC
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1005:doi
968:hdl
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