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time meant no leprosy patients in the prefecture. Mamoru Uchida pointed out that this incident was the will of the
Government, and might be related to the coming war. The dispersion of patients to other sanatoriums is the sanatorium's strong will, that is, to severe all relations with the Honmyōji communities. The inclusion of 57 patients of the Kaishun Hospital, in February 1941, might have been planned.
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The 157 persons included 28 children of leprosy patients (children who did not develop leprosy), and 11 non-leprosy persons. With the exception of 8 patients with severe leprosy who were hospitalized in
Kikuchi Keifuen Sanatorium, other patients were transferred to other sanatoriums: 26 to Nagashima
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It is generally agreed that this was an important incident in the No
Leprosy Patients in Our Prefecture" movement which had started in 1930, although in Kyushu area, this movement had been very slow. Public opinions at that time were in favor of the movement, and purification of a prefecture at that
208:. The directors of sanatoriums formally discussed the dissolution of leprosy communities. Yamada, the director of the Kumamoto Prefecture Police Department, took the leadership and 157 patients were hospitalized by 220 people, including the policemen and workers of the Kikuchi Keifuen Sanatorium.
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More than 10% of people living there developed leprosy, but they lived peacefully with normal persons without trouble. However, some of them organized a secret society which demanded unlawful contributions for leprosy care throughout the country, namely by way of threat of infecting other people.
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started the rejection of homeless people on the ground of bad smell and hindrance of activities of enterprises and hindrance of public peace and order. Narita states that the forced hospitalization was the same in contents, differing in the viewpoints. These incidents ignored the will of leprosy
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In 1927, the
Japanese government began to discuss the dissolution of gathering places of leprosy patients. Mamoru Uchida and Soichiro Shiotani studied the conditions of the communities of the Honmyōji Temples. 6 patients wanted to enter Kyushu Sanatorium, but the director
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Aiseien
Sanatorium, 31 to Hoshizuka Keiaien Sanatorium, 44 to Oku Komyoen Sanatorium, and 36 Kuryu Rakusen-en Sanatorium. Especially, patients of the secret society were transferred to the Kusatsu Rakusen-en Sanatorium where there was a special prison, for punishment.
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was that of the latter. The public leprosy policy was started in 1909 when 5 public leprosy sanatoriums opened in Japan. However, the early policy was to hospitalize wandering patients only. Around 1930, there occurred the
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patients, or of homeless people, and the social problems leading to these incidents. The justifications of the forced hospitalization included the prevention of leprosy, and the peace of people living there.
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Minoru Narita criticizes the forced hospitalization at Honmyōji, citing an article concerning recent exclusion of homeless people. "Enterprises at
Shinjuku Nishiguchi, at the heart of
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was not enough", according to their sutra. Therefore, many leprosy patients gathered around the temple and prayed for improvement.
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There were four communities of leprosy patients around the Honmyōji Temple, which was a temple of the
Nichiren Sect of
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did not accept them. So, they brought the patients to
Nagashima Aiseien and serious discussions started including
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Forced hospitalization of leprosy patients by policemen and staff of
251:(Breaking the Wall) (2006), Kikuchi Keifuen Patients' Organization.
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on July 9, 1940. It is regarded as an incident related to the "
321:(1993) Kikuchi I. Nihon Iji Shinpo 3623,63-65. (In Japanese)
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This was made an excuse of the forced hospitalization.
265:(100 years of Kikuchi Keifuen)(2009). Kikuchi Keifuen.
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A history of Honmyōji leprosy patients' settlements
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Forced hospitalization of leprosy patients in Japan
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333:(2009), Narita M. p.237, Akashi Shoten, Tokyo
169:No Leprosy Patients in Our Prefecture Movement
140:No Leprosy Patients in Our Prefecture Movement
104:A photo of Hansen's disease colony in Honmyōji
94:157, mostly transferred to other sanatoriums
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331:Nihon no Rai Taisaku kara Nani o Manabu ka
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297:(1974), edit by Sakurai H. Rugaru Sha.
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22:Forced Hospitalization at Honmyōji
109:Forced Hospitalization at Honmyōji
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309:(2009) Kikuchi Keifuen Sanatorium
295:The memories of Kensuke Mitsuda
357:History of Kumamoto Prefecture
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61:Leprosy patients living near
382:History of Buddhism in Japan
130:, in the western suburbs of
283:Honmyōji Leprosy Settlement
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150:In the early part of the
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186:Within the settlements
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123:patients living near
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38:Kumamoto Prefecture
111:, also called the
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53:Starting at 4 a.m.
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351:Categories
243:References
230:Criticisms
146:Background
125:Honmyō-ji
372:Kumamoto
176:Buddhism
132:Kumamoto
63:Honmyoji
34:Kumamoto
30:Location
156:shrines
121:leprosy
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128:Temple
91:Victim
83:Deaths
65:temple
58:Target
270:Notes
236:Tokyo
180:faith
160:money
136:Japan
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335:ISBN
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