Fort Albany First Nation - Knowledge (XXG)

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committee one year before their mandate expired. On September 5, 95 members of the band held what they referred to as a "custom election", the likes of which had not been seen in Fort Albany in around three decades. The "custom election" elected Bernard Sutherland as chief. Scott refused to step down, and did not recognize the "custom election", turning down his own nomination at the assembly. Scott alleged that the band's finances had been mismanaged by the previous council, and claimed that the band's construction company was not owned by the band, but by its former manager.

753:) with mild summers and severely cold winters. This is characterised by a yearly mean temperature below the freezing point at −2 °C (28 °F). There are very short transitional periods. Fort Albany's climate becomes colder after the bay freezes over. During summer, temperatures reach an average high of 22 °C (71.6 °F). October temperatures are relatively mild, on average six degrees milder than April. The annual precipitation rate averages 569 millimetres (22.4 in), which is noticeably higher in summer than at other times of the year. 362: 517:"wished to set aside a tract of land for their sole use and benefit upon wh no white man would be permitted to trespass," and that the King had ordered a feast of tea and bannock. It is not clear whether the commissioners promised that the Crees' hunting and fishing rights would be unchanged, or that nobody would have to live on reserve, both of which were promised when the expedition reached Moose Factory and New Post. Following the explanation of the treaty, William Goodwin spoke on behalf of the community, and presented his message in 53: 210: 693:, students had been pushing for a new school "for years," because the building housing the school at the time also housed the band office and education office, and was in constant need of repairs, having at one point been shut down upon the discovery of asbestos in the ceilings and walls. Ultimately, the minister's visit frustrated leaders in the region, since he did not commit to solutions for the problems they were presenting him with. A new school building finished construction in November 2001. 405: 657:. In the following three years, most of the Anglican families of Fort Albany moved to the north shore. By 1960, the Department of Indian Affairs recognized the new community as independent, but Fort Albany and Kashechewan continued to share the same chief and council. In the 1977 they came to have separate Band Councils. Fort Albany and Kashechewan are treated as separate bands, and function as separate bands today. New Fort Albany is mostly a 3366: 217: 3351: 3381: 3343: 3326: 1109:, which can cause massive flooding in the community, as well as dangerous ice floes floating downriver. During the break-up, the islands are usually disconnected from the mainland. Dangerous levels of flooding have frequently prompted residents to be evacuated in freight canoes or be airlifted to urban centres further inland. In the 1990s, the First Nation built 489:, traveled down the Albany River and held a signing ceremony at Fort Albany on August 3, 1905. Fort Albany was their fourth signing on the 1905 voyage. The expedition explained some aspects of the agreement to community representatives through interpreters, after which the representatives signed with their names or a cross. The community was then given a 628:

housing for Cree people who wanted to settle permanently at Fort Albany, and government transfer payments began, initially around $ 35 per year for most families. With increased community organization and concentrated resources, Indigenous people began more vocally to assert their rights to the federal government, demanding new infrastructure,

4869: 3869: 1674:. Feasibility studies have recently been undertaken on construction of a permanent all-season road to the communities. The project, if undertaken, will entail a "coastal road" connecting the four communities with each other, as well as a road to link the coastal road to the provincial highway system at 349:, that sharing being "conditional upon mutually satisfactory relations, a flexible, renewable agreement among equals symbolized by gift-giving and feasting, and accompanied by speech-making." According to anthropological research, their society was based around the extended family, organized into loose 1778:

school. The school building was designed to accommodate 333 students, with "a Day Care, two kindergartens, 11 classrooms and rooms for multi-purpose use, library/resource centre, auditorium/gymnasium, gym support, home economics, industrial arts, science administration, staff, educational storage and

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In January 2021, the 311-kilometre James Bay Winter Ice Road was under construction, to connect Attawapiskat, Kashechewan, Fort Albany and Moosonee. It opened some time in winter 2021 and was said to accept loads up to 50,000 kilograms in weight. The road is operated by Kimesskanemenow LP, "a limited

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On July 2, 1996, Arthur Scott was elected to be the new chief of Fort Albany. Within a few months of Scott's election, a petition calling for his removal as chief was signed by 186 people, claiming that Scott was "arrogant and running the band undemocratically," including firing the elected education

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Fort Albany is also accessible via the waters of James Bay and the Albany River. Moosonee Transportation Limited provides barge service, carrying supplies at least once or twice each summer by traveling up and down the coast to each community. Freighter canoes can travel from Fort Albany to Calstock

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Fort Albany First Nation is governed by a band council, consisting of a chief, deputy chief, and seven councillors, all of whom are elected by members of the community. Since 2022, the government has followed a custom election code, after having used the method laid out in the Indian Act since 1909.

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The basic economy of the area is a subsistence allowance. There are seasonal jobs that involve construction work for the major capital projects like the dyke, the new school, and the Mid Canada Line. There are the traditional economic activities like trapping, fishing and hunting. There are a small

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The present-day community of Fort Albany is situated on the south bank of the Albany river, near where it empties into James Bay. The community is made up of three sections: one on the mainland, one on Sinclair Island, and one on Andersen Island. The community also shares the Fort Albany 67 reserve

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In the late nineteenth century, the ancestors of the present-day Fort Albany and Kashechewan First Nations people established their first settlement in the area, known as Old Post. The site was occupied until the mid-1950s, when families were forced to relocate due to intense spring flooding of the

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In late April 2008, Fort Albany experienced its worst flood since 1985, the result of ice floes breaking through the dikes constructed along the Albany River during the annual breakup. 334 people were evacuated to cities further south starting April 28, with around 300 more evacuated the following

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In the 1950s and 1960s, the fur trade era was coming to an end, and the Cree had begun to adopt a more sedentary lifestyle. Around this time, the Old Post site was abandoned in favour of the current site of Fort Albany, on the eastern end of Sinclair Island. The federal government began to provide

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trading posts, from which it gets its English name. The current community is not the site of the old post, which was re-located several times including on Anderson Island, Albany Island (c.1721) and a location just northeast of the current community. The last trading post was closed up around the

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Air Creebec also handles patient transportation up the coastal communities on a daily basis, Mondays to Fridays. These flights are intended only for hospital patients requiring out of the community hospital care. Other private small airlines, like Thunder Air and Wabusk Air, also provide charter

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In 2007, mould, fungus, and dangerous toxins were found contaminating 26 recently-constructed houses, which caused residents to get sick. Deputy Chief of the Mushkegowuk Council Leo Friday and a local doctor offered building code violations, improper drainage, and faulty construction as possible

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set in motion a reunion conference about the abuses he and other residential school survivors had experienced at the school, which led a 5-year long investigation including 900 interviews, and finally to seven people being charged with criminal offences in the late 90s, with another former staff

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of 1873. At first, due to conflict over provincial boundaries, jurisdiction over natural resources, and how much responsibility province's had to pay treaty annuities, Canada ignored the requests. Following a petition from local Indigenous leaders in summer 1901, the treaty-making process begun.

308:, which separated from Fort Albany starting in the late 1950s. Fort Albany First Nation is situated on Sinclair and Anderson Islands, as well as on the south shore on the mainland of the river. The Nation controls the Fort Albany Indian Settlement on the south shore of the Albany River, and the 1653:

During the summer months, people use outboard motors and canoes for other activities, such as hunting, trapping, and fishing. During the winter months, skidoos are the main transportation around the community. There are pick-up trucks, vans, and all-terrain vehicles owed by both businesses and

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development in the region. By May 1905, Canada and Ontario were determining the terms of the written treaty. According to an exhibit by the Archives of Ontario, the Province's demands included "that no Indigenous reserves in the treaty territory would be located in areas with hydro-electricity

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number of employment opportunities including the Fort Albany First Nation Administration office, Mundo Peetabeck Education authority, Peetabeck Health Services. Fort Albany Power Authority, James Bay General Hospital, Northern Store, Air Creebec, and other small private owned businesses.

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Upon the discovery in 1904 of minerals in Northwestern Ontario, the creation of a treaty became more urgent for the government of Canada. In negotiations with the provincial government, they set about creating a treaty in order to secure the possibility of mining, timber, rail, and

497:. The paylist booklet for the Fort Albany visit recorded 201 families in the community, with 278 total people receiving their gift. Charlie Stephen was the Chief that signed with an X on behalf of the Fort Albany community, along with nine headmen, who also signed with an X. 2262: 652:

erupted between Anglican and Roman Catholic families in Fort Albany, which led one Anglican family to leave the main population centre on the south shore and island that constituted the Old Post, and relocate to the north shore of the river. This site would become known as

521:, expressing their thanks to the King. Part of Goodwin's message was reproduced in a 1906 magazine article by Scott. Following the signing and payment, a celebratory feast took place, medicine was offered, and the expedition moved on, travelling down the coast in 1706:. The present passenger rate is $ 921.90 for an adult return trip to Timmins. These rates increase on an annual basis. Seat sales are available, which are less expensive than the regular fare price. Air Creebec also provides charter flights when required. 1693:

In December 2021, Ontario's ministers for Northern Development and the Environment committed to exploring the idea of creating an all-season road to connect Fort Albany and other western James Bay communities to the rest of the Ontario highway system.

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The Government of Canada took over the management of St. Anne's in 1965, and took over the residence in 1970. In 1976, the residence stopped operating, and the school was transferred to the Fort Albany band council. In 1990, then-chief of Fort Albany

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According to the journals of Commissioners Scott and Stewart, both Indian Affairs employees, "full explanations were given of the Treaty and its provisions" and the signing meeting included " choice of Reserve." The third commissioner, a miner from

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to the communities of the west James Bay coast. The fibre-optic network was constructed in 2009, and launched in February 2010. The network is leased from Five Nations Energy Inc. for a nominal fee, and internet service is provided by Xittel.

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has been in charge of the reserve. Following the split with Kashechewan in 1977, each community has had its own band council. Fort Albany's electoral system followed the Indian Act until 2022, when a custom election code was put in place.

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In 2020, Fort Albany and Kashechewan began the "On the Land" program, an initiative to support community members to live on the land during the break-up, in order to wait out the rising waters. This initiative was born out of

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or Swampy Cree had hunted, fished, gathered, and lived on the western shore of James Bay and in the Albany River watershed from time immemorial by the time the first Europeans arrived. They had shared the territory with other

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The treaty also promised to provide for the salaries of teachers, and the cost of school buildings and equipment "as may seem advisable to His Majesty's government of Canada." In 1906, the federal government began funding

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In 2011, Nishnawbe Aski Nation, Thunder Bay grocer Quality Market, and True North Community Co-operative began a partnership to ship fresh produce to Fort Albany and other James Bay communities during the summer months.

583:, St. Anne's "was home to some of the most harrowing examples of abuse against Indigenous children in Canada." Students at the school came from First Nations around the James Bay region, including Fort Albany, 1657:

The winter road was completed in the early spring of 1974. It is also used extensively during the winter months. This road is maintained by contractors. The road links all the surrounding communities, such as

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In 1994, a volunteer Emergency Response Team was established to decrease response times for medical emergencies. There was hope that this would lead to a full-scale ambulance service in Fort Albany.

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According to the band council's website, the community has a population of around 1200, while the band consists of approximately 5000 band members, which are shared with Kashechewan First Nation.

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at the Old Post site, their ancestors' first settlement in the area, to commemorate their shared history. Plans were made to put up signs around the site and plan further educational excusions.

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On October 28, 2011, alongside Kashechewan and Attawapiskat, Fort Albany declared a state of emergency over a housing crisis that was forcing families into the cold due to a lack of housing.

1783:, according to the architectural firm that designed it. The building also includes a community centre. The school had its grand opening in 2001, at the same time the rectory of the old 353:

bands. During the winter, these bands distributed themselves along the river watershed, and congregated into larger groups of 300-700 people at prime fishing locations in the summer.

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explored the area around the mouth of the Albany river. In 1679, he established a trading post at the site, where the company traded goods with the Indigenous people of the area.

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In order to ensure the protection of their rights, as well as to halt the decline of the local beaver population, Indigenous leaders petitioned the Dominion government to make a

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On the day of Peetabeck Academy's grand opening, the old residential school was burning, Metatawabin says adding that the building had already been burning for about three days.

424:, the Canadian acquisition of Rupert's Land, and the new railroad, Indigenous people living in the James Bay watershed faced many problems including declining animal resources, 1225:

set to Menrath's music. The piece was titled "Songs of the Land: A Spoken Word Experience" and included themes of his experience at St. Anne's residential school and the land.

603:. The school was relocated to the north shore of the Albany River in 1932. It burned down in 1939 and was rebuilt. Once the Ste-Thérèse-de-l'Enfant-Jesus residential school in 2550: 2056: 1424: 5318: 393:

As of 1856, the Hudson's Bay Company estimated that there were 1,100 Indians living in the Albany District, which at the time included the trading posts of Fort Albany,

636:. The Grand Council of Treaty 9 was founded in February 1973 as an advocacy organization for First Nations governments party to Treaty 9. It later reorganized into the 2523: 1158:

is the language of the Mushkegowuk. Children are taught in Cree and English at an early age. The community consists of quite a mixture of linguistics, with English,

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The remarkable history of the Hudson's Bay Company: including that of the French traders of North-western Canada and of the North-west, XY, and Astor Fur Companies

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era, the Mushkegowuk did not sell or give away any land, but traded furs and goods with the traders at the posts, who numbered no more than a few dozen at a time.

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From August 4 to 6, 2005, Fort Albany hosted the third annual Creefest (Ininiw Maskoshewin), a Mushkegowuk Council-organized festival celebrating Cree culture.

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day out of a total population of around 900. Deputy Chief Andrew Linklater was disappointed by the federal government's delayed response.

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A regular occurrence in the climate of Fort Albany is the annual break-up of ice on the coast of James Bay during the spring

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to be set aside based on a proportion of 1 square mile (2.6 square kilometres) per family of five, as well as establishing a

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Patrol, part of the 3rd Canadian Ranger Patrol Group. The Fort Albany Patrol launched in January 1995 with 20 Cree Rangers.

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representing Ontario, explained in further detail in his journal what was discussed, namely the gift and annuity, that the

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The school's rectory burned down in 2001, around the same time that a new school building was completed to replace it.

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against the government for $ 60,000 of debt. Chief Edmund Metatawabin characterized the ability of LaBelle and the

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In 1995, the band council's bank account was frozen for five days when M. J. LaBelle Co. Ltd. enforced a

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referred to as a "'fact-finding' visit." There, according to then Chair of the Mushkegowuk Council

482:) in July 1905, without consulting any Indigenous peoples, who they then went to for ratification. 289: 198: 493:, and cash gifts were offered to each community member, most receiving $ 8 and a promise of a $ 4 328:

1950s. All the post sites have disappeared and naturalized, leaving no trace of their former use.

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The Western James Bay Telecom Network is a community-based organization that provides high-speed

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visited Fort Albany, among other Western James Bay First Nations, on what independent magazine

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health," as well as culturally-motivated external landscaping including a fire pit and large

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in 1902 at the site of the Fort Albany Mission on Albany Island. The school was part of the

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This article is about the First Nation on James Bay. For other similarly-named places, see

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and return whenever the water levels are sufficient to make river travel possible.

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to some degree. 350 residents surveyed reported only speaking English at home. The

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1744 Map of James Bay, including "Fort Saint-Anne", the French name for Fort Albany

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causes. Commentators drew comparisons with similar problems faced by Kashechewan.

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From August 23 to 26, 2012, Fort Albany and Kashechewan held a gathering called

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provides Fort Albany with daily passenger flights, with connecting flights to

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The two main forms of spirituality practised in Fort Albany are Christianity (

701: 542: 514: 490: 469: 300:, an Indigenous police service. It shares band members and the Fort Albany 67 4809: 1896: 5238: 4944: 4573: 4507: 4190: 3904: 3358: 2957: 2761: 2078: 1977: 1710:

services, which sometimes are cheaper than a regular flight on Air Creebec.

678: 604: 522: 274: 3804: 2699:"Kashechewan and Fort Albany residents spend spring break-up 'on the land'" 2577:"The floods return: Kashechewan is evacuated for fourth time in four years" 1775: 2809:"Fort Albany's Mike Metatawabin to go live with spoken word virtual event" 2441: 1897:"Historic Forts of the French Regime and of the English Trading Companies" 1774:

The band runs Peetabeck Education, which administers Peetabeck Academy, a

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opened in the 1930s, children from Fort Albany also attended that school.

4903: 2836:(Press release). Fort Albany, ON: Fort Albany First Nation. June 17, 2022 2162:. Ottawa: The Royal Canadian Geographical Society. 2018. pp. 66–67. 2057:"English River, Fort Albany, Moose Factory, and New Post Paylist Booklet" 1751: 1627: 1312: 1171: 666: 473: 455: 441: 285: 266: 3407: 1702:

Air Creebec transports passengers and provides freight services through

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A portion of the address made by William Goodwin at the signing ceremony

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to halt all business in the community for five days as an example of

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Long, John S (2010). "Treaty No. 9: D.C. Scott's Accidental Gift".

277:, Fort Albany First Nation is accessible only by air, water, or by 5213: 4868: 3868: 2723: 1614:

The community of Fort Albany is accessible by air, water, and the

1110: 499: 403: 360: 3180: 2942:"Ontario's far north one step closer to building all-season road" 1163: 251: 4813: 3808: 3411: 3273: 1722:

staff 24/7 by nursing staff with consultation by doctors from

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and/or other points of travel. These arrangements are done in

450:. They were asking for a treaty along the lines of the nearby 3264: 2631:"Albany, Ontario Kppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)" 1597:

have a presence in the First Nation through the Fort Albany

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concerns about air travel arising from the COVID-19 pandemic

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Children's Drawings in a Mashkeko ('Swampy Cree') Community

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collaborated on a live online performance of Metatawabin's

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In 2021, former Chief Mike Metatawabin and Swiss musician

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that defined the James and Hudson Bay watershed. Between

472:." The Dominion and the Province agreed to the terms of 2442:"Fort Albany First Nation School And Community Complex" 1690:

partnership between the four communities it connects".

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to some degree at home, all but 75 of which also spoke

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Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2022-09-21).

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Canadian Geographic Indigenous Peoples Atlas of Canada

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to guard against high waters caused by the break-up.

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The First Nation is located near the former site of

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The NAN's headquarters are located in 216: 1970:"Kash and Albany gather at former village site" 564:, which had opened under the direction of the 4825: 3820: 3423: 3285: 1142:A majority of the residents surveyed for the 8: 2214:National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation 1839:Archives of the Papers Algonquian Conference 28: 3300:Places adjacent to Fort Albany First Nation 2414:"Irwin tour disappoints west coast leaders" 1508: 1475: 1380: 4832: 4818: 4810: 3827: 3813: 3805: 3430: 3416: 3408: 3292: 3278: 3270: 3074:"Fort Albany gets Emergency Response Team" 2290:Baiguzhiyeva, Dariya (November 13, 2021). 1240:List of chiefs of Fort Albany First Nation 756: 677:In late 1994, Minister for Indian Affairs 265:, Canada, within the territory covered by 245: 40: 34: 3212:"High Speed Comes To The James Bay Coast" 2855:Rabski-McColl, Amanda (October 4, 2022). 2107:"After the Treaty Signing - Treaty No. 9" 574:Canadian Indian residential school system 548: 5319:Road-inaccessible communities of Ontario 2782:"Creefest Teaches Youth Cultural Values" 2083:GRASAC The Great Lakes Research Alliance 1446: 1360: 1339: 1258:The current chiefs and councillors are: 416:was completed in 1885, passing near the 269:. Situated on the southern shore of the 1968:Carpenter, Lenny (September 13, 2012). 1863:Fulford, George Taylor (October 1994). 1796: 1327:Fort Albany sits within the provincial 468:development potential greater than 500 3072:Rickard, Paul M. (December 16, 1994). 2857:"Fort Albany elects first woman chief" 2666: 2664: 2662: 2452:from the original on September 6, 2019 2436: 2434: 2412:Rickard, Paul M. (December 16, 1994). 2381: 2379: 2377: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2285: 2283: 2183:Staniforth, Jesse B. (April 5, 2013). 485:The Treaty Expedition, which included 229:Location of Fort Albany within Ontario 27: 3210:Kataquapit, Xavier (March 26, 2010). 2807:Kornacki, Chris (September 2, 2021). 2237:"St. Anne's Anna Wesley found guilty" 2101: 2099: 1999:Leslie, John F. (November 10, 2020). 1963: 1961: 1858: 1856: 1854: 1852: 1850: 1848: 728:Mamkeewanan: Protecting Paquataskamik 379:, the first overseas governor of the 77: 69: 61: 7: 5324:First Nations governments in Ontario 3307: 2336:from the original on October 1, 2018 2261:Forester, Brett (October 12, 2023). 2077:Wheesk, Sheila (February 26, 2022). 2026: 2024: 2022: 1935: 1933: 1869:(M.A. thesis). McMaster University. 1832: 1830: 1828: 1826: 1785:St. Anne's Indian Residential School 1726:as well as transfers to Timmins and 562:St. Anne's Indian Residential School 555:St. Anne's Indian Residential School 549:St. Anne's Indian Residential School 386:During the ensuing centuries of the 3191:from the original on March 31, 2022 3098:Kataquapit, Xavier (July 1, 2011). 3053:. Weeneebayko Area Health Authority 2671:Kataquapit, Xavier (May 12, 2006). 2499:"One Chief Too Many in Fort Albany" 2471:Rickard, Paul M. (April 28, 1995). 284:The First Nation is a signatory of 3753:North Caribou Lake (Weagamow Lake) 3447:Independent First Nations Alliance 2549:Boesveld, Sarah (April 27, 2008). 2355:Kay, Jonathan (January 19, 2013). 2032:"Making the Treaty - Treaty No. 9" 1941:"Before the Treaty - Treaty No. 9" 1307:Fort Albany is represented by the 1283:Councillor Christopher Metatawabin 1146:(420 of 775) reported speaking an 581:Indigenous Peoples Atlas of Canada 296:. The community is policed by the 14: 3185:Western James Bay Telecom Network 3124:Powless, Ben (October 13, 2022). 3024:Powless, Ben (January 15, 2022). 2601:German, Amy (December 16, 2011). 2497:Roslin, Alex (October 25, 1996). 2324:Bozikovic, Alex (December 2007). 2131:Barrera, Jorge (March 29, 2018). 1724:Weeneebayko Area Health Authority 5304:Communities in Cochrane District 5278:Communities in Cochrane District 4867: 4638:Pellatt, Pelican, Umbach, Gidley 3867: 3379: 3364: 3349: 3341: 3324: 2911:The Nation (November 18, 1994). 2235:Nicholls, Will (July 16, 1999). 533:The text of Treaty 9 called for 215: 208: 164:Terry Metatawabin (Deputy Chief) 51: 3644:Shibogama First Nations Council 3485:Keewaytinook Okimakanak Council 3100:"Farm fresh food heading north" 2603:"It's okay to blame the victim" 2575:Bonspiel, Steve (May 9, 2008). 2473:"Chief decries double standard" 2446:H. Bradford Green Architect Inc 1926:. London: Sampson Low, Marston. 1445: 1359: 4794:Communities in Kenora District 2697:Powless, Ben (June 19, 2021). 2388:"Experiencing Break-Up Season" 1804:Ogg, Arden (August 19, 2015). 1265:Deputy Chief Terry Metatawabin 242: 57:Fort Albany First Nation, 2012 35: 1: 4352:Northwest Angle 34C & 37B 3730:Windigo First Nations Council 3380: 3325: 1277:Councillor Ruby Edward-Wheesk 1268:First Councillor Brenda Scott 760:Climate data for Fort Albany 748:Köppen Climate Classification 314:Kashechewan Indian Settlement 298:Nishnawbe-Aski Police Service 4028:Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug 3455:Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug 3350: 3342: 2834:"NOTICE OF GENERAL ELECTION" 2392:Journalists for Human Rights 5283:Census divisions of Ontario 4799:Census divisions of Ontario 3777:Independent NAN Communities 2386:Calio, Sam (May 14, 2019). 2133:"The horrors of St. Anne's" 1334:since its creation in 2018. 1286:Councillor Madeline Nakogee 949:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 809:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 316:directly across the river. 246: 140:5309 (includes Kashechewan) 132:1985 (includes Kashechewan) 116:3229 (includes Kashechewan) 41: 5340: 4282:Kitchenuhmaykoosib Aaki 84 3925:Sioux Narrows–Nestor Falls 3393:Unorganized North Cochrane 3237:"Fort Albany First Nation" 2210:"St. Anne's (Fort Albany)" 1806:"Cree Place Names Project" 1295:The nation is part of the 1262:Chief Elizabeth Kataquapit 1237: 1092: 759: 566:Oblates of Mary Immaculate 552: 439: 368: 20: 5272: 4865: 4784: 3865: 3305: 2913:"RANGERS EXPAND IN NORTH" 2005:The Canadian Encyclopedia 1756:satellite internet access 1573: 1563: 1553: 1543: 1533: 1523: 1516: 1511: 1500: 1490: 1483: 1478: 1467: 1438: 1395: 1388: 1383: 1372: 1352: 1280:Councillor Madeline Scott 1018: 948: 878: 808: 803: 800: 797: 794: 791: 788: 785: 782: 779: 776: 773: 770: 767: 764: 197: 124:95 (includes Kashechewan) 50: 5314:Cree reserves in Ontario 3155:Five Nations Energy, Inc 1895:Voorhis, Ernest (1930). 1271:Councillor Pascal Spence 616:member charged in 2023. 529:Fort Albany First Nation 414:Canadian Pacific Railway 310:Kashechewan First Nation 306:Kashechewan First Nation 235:Fort Albany First Nation 5083:Unorganized territories 4547:Indian settlements 2762:10.25318/9810019901-eng 2330:Professionally Speaking 1274:Councillor Joseph Scott 1244:Since 1909, an elected 182:Christopher Metatawabin 4593:Unorganized areas 1922:Bryce, George (1910). 1903:. Government of Canada 644:Split with Kashechewan 570:Grey Nuns of the Cross 505: 409: 366: 250:, "lagoon Cree") is a 108:Population (June 2022) 5309:Nishnawbe Aski Nation 5110:Local services boards 4610:Local services boards 4317:Lake of the Woods 37B 4307:Lake of the Woods 35J 4302:Lake of the Woods 31G 4297:Lake of the Woods 31C 4292:Lake of the Woods 31B 3439:Nishnawbe Aski Nation 2948:, September 17, 2017. 2891:Nishnawbe Aski Nation 2673:"The Annual Break-up" 2326:"Shaping Our Schools" 1810:Cree Literacy Network 1595:Canadian Armed Forces 1341:Mushkegowuk—James Bay 1332:Mushkegowuk—James Bay 1309:Nishnawbe Aski Nation 1303:Nishnawbe Aski Nation 638:Nishnawbe Aski Nation 503: 487:Duncan Campbell Scott 407: 371:Fort Albany (Ontario) 364: 294:Nishnawbe Aski Nation 288:, and is part of the 273:on the west coast of 4925:Black River-Matheson 4312:Lake of the Woods 37 4093:Obashkaandagaang Bay 3948:Asubpeeschoseewagong 3943:Animakee Wa Zhing 37 3682:Wabun Tribal Council 3528:Matawa First Nations 2754:www150.statcan.gc.ca 1763:fibre-optic internet 1754:provided high-speed 1750:As of October 2022, 1720:Fort Albany Hospital 1461:Timiskaming—Cochrane 1156:Swampy Cree language 1144:2021 Canadian census 706:institutional racism 623:End of the fur trade 541:organized under the 480:The James Bay Treaty 381:Hudson's Bay Company 325:Hudson's Bay Company 323:, one of the oldest 263:Northeastern Ontario 226:class=notpageimage| 153:Elizabeth Kataquapit 4930:Fauquier-Strickland 4538:Yellow Girl Bay 32B 4347:Northwest Angle 33B 4003:Iskatewizaagegan 39 3591:Mushkegowuk Council 2969:Mushkegowuk Council 2867:on October 19, 2022 2813:Wawatay News Online 2111:Archives of Ontario 2064:Archives of Ontario 2036:Archives of Ontario 1945:Archives of Ontario 1704:Fort Albany Airport 1451:Riding created from 1363:Riding created from 1297:Mushkegowuk Council 1148:Indigenous language 879:Daily mean °C (°F) 702:Bank of Nova Scotia 290:Mushkegowuk Council 199:Mushkegowuk Council 47: 16:Canadian settlement 5194:Fontaine's Landing 5128:Lac-Sainte-Thérèse 5067:Indian settlements 4600:Unorganized Kenora 4088:Northwest Angle 33 4078:North Caribou Lake 3371:Unorganized Baffin 3336:Unorganized Kenora 3314:Unorganized Kenora 2964:2018-11-26 at the 2216:. 11 February 2021 2007:. Historica Canada 1329:electoral district 1234:Government history 742:Fort Albany has a 687:RoseAnne Archibald 650:sectarian violence 613:Edmund Metatawabin 525:to Moose Factory. 506: 418:height of the land 410: 367: 343:Algonquian peoples 176:Ruby Edward-Wheesk 5291: 5290: 5022:Constance Lake 92 4909:Smooth Rock Falls 4841:Cochrane District 4807: 4806: 4771:Superior Junction 4523:Whitefish Bay 34A 4518:Whitefish Bay 33A 4513:Whitefish Bay 32A 4398:Sabaskong Bay 35F 4393:Sabaskong Bay 35D 4387:Sabaskong Bay 35C 4342:North Spirit Lake 4277:Kingfisher Lake 1 4083:North Spirit Lake 3802: 3801: 3789:Mocreebec Council 3513:North Spirit Lake 3405: 3404: 3400: 3399: 2984:. 13 January 2021 2958:"All Season Road" 2923:on August 4, 2018 2788:. August 19, 2005 2645:"Albany, Ontario" 2185:"Facing the past" 2169:978-0-9867516-6-0 1644:Bearskin Airlines 1586: 1585: 1582: 1454:Cochrane—Superior 1448:Timmins—James Bay 1425:Timmins—James Bay 1421: 1420: 1408: 1407: 1404: 1366:Timmins—James Bay 1188:Cree spirituality 1184:Roman Catholicism 1097: 1096: 744:subarctic climate 661:community, while 630:Indigenous rights 579:According to the 452:Robinson Treaties 408:Fort Albany, 1898 259:Cochrane District 247:pîhtâpek ililiwak 204: 203: 42:pîhtâpek ililiwak 5331: 5048:Moose Factory 68 5032:Factory Island 1 5027:English River 66 4935:Mattice-Val Côté 4871: 4834: 4827: 4820: 4811: 4681:Central Patricia 4498:Weagamow Lake 87 4478:Wabigoon Lake 27 4327:Muskrat Dam Lake 4231:English River 21 4201:Attawapiskat 91A 4153:Wauzhushk Onigum 4058:Naotkamegwanning 4048:Muskrat Dam Lake 3871: 3829: 3822: 3815: 3806: 3700:Chapleau Ojibway 3432: 3425: 3418: 3409: 3383: 3382: 3369: 3368: 3353: 3352: 3345: 3344: 3328: 3327: 3308: 3294: 3287: 3280: 3271: 3265:Official Website 3252: 3251: 3249: 3247: 3233: 3227: 3226: 3224: 3222: 3207: 3201: 3200: 3198: 3196: 3177: 3171: 3170: 3168: 3166: 3161:on July 16, 2023 3157:. Archived from 3147: 3141: 3140: 3138: 3136: 3121: 3115: 3114: 3112: 3110: 3095: 3089: 3088: 3086: 3084: 3069: 3063: 3062: 3060: 3058: 3051:"Site histories" 3047: 3041: 3040: 3038: 3036: 3021: 3015: 3014: 3012: 3010: 3000: 2994: 2993: 2991: 2989: 2978: 2972: 2955: 2949: 2939: 2933: 2932: 2930: 2928: 2919:. Archived from 2908: 2902: 2901: 2899: 2897: 2883: 2877: 2876: 2874: 2872: 2863:. Archived from 2852: 2846: 2845: 2843: 2841: 2830: 2824: 2823: 2821: 2819: 2804: 2798: 2797: 2795: 2793: 2778: 2772: 2771: 2769: 2768: 2745: 2739: 2738: 2736: 2734: 2720: 2714: 2713: 2711: 2709: 2694: 2688: 2687: 2685: 2683: 2668: 2657: 2656: 2654: 2652: 2641: 2635: 2634: 2627: 2618: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2598: 2592: 2591: 2589: 2587: 2572: 2566: 2565: 2563: 2561: 2546: 2540: 2539: 2537: 2535: 2530:. August 3, 2007 2520: 2514: 2513: 2511: 2509: 2494: 2488: 2487: 2485: 2483: 2468: 2462: 2461: 2459: 2457: 2438: 2429: 2428: 2426: 2424: 2409: 2403: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2383: 2372: 2371: 2369: 2367: 2352: 2346: 2345: 2343: 2341: 2321: 2310: 2309: 2304: 2302: 2287: 2278: 2277: 2275: 2273: 2258: 2252: 2251: 2249: 2247: 2232: 2226: 2225: 2223: 2221: 2206: 2200: 2199: 2197: 2195: 2180: 2174: 2173: 2154: 2148: 2147: 2145: 2143: 2128: 2122: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2103: 2094: 2093: 2091: 2089: 2074: 2068: 2067: 2061: 2053: 2047: 2046: 2044: 2042: 2028: 2017: 2016: 2014: 2012: 1996: 1990: 1989: 1987: 1985: 1980:on March 4, 2023 1976:. Archived from 1965: 1956: 1955: 1953: 1951: 1937: 1928: 1927: 1919: 1913: 1912: 1910: 1908: 1892: 1886: 1885: 1883: 1881: 1860: 1843: 1842: 1834: 1821: 1820: 1818: 1816: 1801: 1758:to Fort Albany. 1640:Thunder Airlines 1634:on Air Creebec, 1580: 1430: 1415: 1402: 1342: 1337: 1220: 1203:Arts and culture 757: 673:1990s to present 397:, Osnaburg, and 345:, including the 249: 244: 219: 218: 212: 185:Madeline Nakogee 137:Total population 55: 48: 44: 38: 37: 5339: 5338: 5334: 5333: 5332: 5330: 5329: 5328: 5294: 5293: 5292: 5287: 5268: 5229:Marina Veilleux 5143: 5137: 5104: 5078: 5062: 5010:Indian reserves 5005: 4954: 4913: 4872: 4863: 4847: 4838: 4808: 4803: 4780: 4726:McKenzie Island 4711:Jaffray–Mellick 4663: 4657: 4618:Greater Oxdrift 4604: 4588: 4564:Lansdowne House 4542: 4434:Shoal Lake 34B2 4429:Shoal Lake 34B1 4382:Rat Portage 38A 4362:One Man Lake 29 4332:Naongashing 35A 4322:Marten Falls 65 4252:Kasabonika Lake 4196:Attawapiskat 91 4183:Indian reserves 4177: 4043:Mishkeegogamang 4008:Kasabonika Lake 3929: 3893: 3872: 3863: 3842: 3836:Kenora District 3833: 3803: 3798: 3784:Mishkeegogamang 3772: 3724: 3695:Brunswick House 3676: 3652:Kasabonika Lake 3638: 3619:Missanabie Cree 3585: 3522: 3479: 3441: 3436: 3406: 3401: 3363: 3354: 3301: 3298: 3261: 3256: 3255: 3245: 3243: 3235: 3234: 3230: 3220: 3218: 3209: 3208: 3204: 3194: 3192: 3179: 3178: 3174: 3164: 3162: 3149: 3148: 3144: 3134: 3132: 3123: 3122: 3118: 3108: 3106: 3097: 3096: 3092: 3082: 3080: 3071: 3070: 3066: 3056: 3054: 3049: 3048: 3044: 3034: 3032: 3023: 3022: 3018: 3008: 3006: 3002: 3001: 2997: 2987: 2985: 2980: 2979: 2975: 2966:Wayback Machine 2956: 2952: 2940: 2936: 2926: 2924: 2910: 2909: 2905: 2895: 2893: 2885: 2884: 2880: 2870: 2868: 2854: 2853: 2849: 2839: 2837: 2832: 2831: 2827: 2817: 2815: 2806: 2805: 2801: 2791: 2789: 2780: 2779: 2775: 2766: 2764: 2747: 2746: 2742: 2732: 2730: 2722: 2721: 2717: 2707: 2705: 2696: 2695: 2691: 2681: 2679: 2670: 2669: 2660: 2650: 2648: 2643: 2642: 2638: 2629: 2628: 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1549: 2011–2015 1539: 2008–2011 1529: 2006–2008 1506: 2004–2006 1496: 2000–2004 1480:Réginald Bélair 1473: 1997–2000 1456: 1449: 1413: 1378: 2018–2022 1340: 1325: 1305: 1293: 1255: 1246:band government 1242: 1236: 1231: 1214: 1205: 1196: 1180: 1140: 1132: 1127: 1103: 1101:Annual break-up 1098: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1013: 1008: 1003: 998: 993: 988: 983: 978: 973: 968: 963: 958: 953: 943: 938: 933: 928: 923: 918: 913: 908: 903: 898: 893: 888: 883: 873: 868: 863: 858: 853: 848: 843: 838: 833: 828: 823: 818: 813: 736: 675: 646: 634:self-government 625: 557: 551: 539:band government 531: 478:(also known as 444: 438: 373: 359: 334: 232: 231: 230: 228: 222: 221: 220: 188: 58: 32: 30: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5337: 5335: 5327: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5296: 5295: 5289: 5288: 5286: 5285: 5280: 5273: 5270: 5269: 5267: 5266: 5261: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5224:Low Bush River 5221: 5216: 5211: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5183: 5178: 5176:Departure Lake 5173: 5168: 5163: 5158: 5153: 5151:Abitibi Canyon 5147: 5145: 5142:Unincorporated 5139: 5138: 5136: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5114: 5112: 5106: 5105: 5103: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5086: 5084: 5080: 5079: 5077: 5076: 5070: 5068: 5064: 5063: 5061: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5042:Fort Albany 67 5039: 5037:Flying Post 73 5034: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5013: 5011: 5007: 5006: 5004: 5003: 4998: 4996:Taykwa Tagamou 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4968: 4966:Constance Lake 4962: 4960: 4956: 4955: 4953: 4952: 4950:Val Rita-Harty 4947: 4942: 4937: 4932: 4927: 4921: 4919: 4915: 4914: 4912: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4894:Iroquois Falls 4891: 4886: 4880: 4878: 4874: 4873: 4866: 4864: 4862: 4861: 4855: 4853: 4849: 4848: 4839: 4837: 4836: 4829: 4822: 4814: 4805: 4804: 4802: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4789: 4785: 4782: 4781: 4779: 4778: 4773: 4768: 4766:Starratt–Olsen 4763: 4758: 4753: 4748: 4743: 4738: 4733: 4728: 4723: 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4693: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4676:Borups Corners 4673: 4667: 4665: 4662:Unincorporated 4659: 4658: 4656: 4655: 4650: 4645: 4640: 4635: 4630: 4625: 4620: 4614: 4612: 4606: 4605: 4603: 4602: 4596: 4594: 4590: 4589: 4587: 4586: 4581: 4576: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4550: 4548: 4544: 4543: 4541: 4540: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4460: 4454: 4451:Shoal Lake 39A 4448: 4442: 4439:Shoal Lake 37A 4436: 4431: 4426: 4424:Shoal Lake 31J 4421: 4416: 4414:Sachigo Lake 3 4411: 4409:Sachigo Lake 2 4406: 4404:Sachigo Lake 1 4401: 4395: 4390: 4384: 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4334: 4329: 4324: 4319: 4314: 4309: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4259: 4254: 4249: 4247:Fort Severn 89 4244: 4239: 4236:Fort Albany 67 4233: 4228: 4223: 4218: 4216:The Dalles 38C 4213: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4187: 4185: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4175: 4170: 4165: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4145: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 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3402: 3398: 3397: 3395: 3390: 3387: 3386: 3384: 3377: 3374: 3373: 3355: 3347:Fort Albany 67 3340: 3338: 3332: 3331: 3329: 3322: 3319: 3318: 3316: 3311: 3306: 3303: 3302: 3299: 3297: 3296: 3289: 3282: 3274: 3268: 3267: 3260: 3259:External links 3257: 3254: 3253: 3228: 3202: 3172: 3142: 3116: 3090: 3064: 3042: 3016: 2995: 2973: 2950: 2934: 2903: 2878: 2847: 2825: 2799: 2773: 2740: 2715: 2689: 2658: 2636: 2619: 2593: 2567: 2541: 2515: 2489: 2463: 2430: 2404: 2373: 2347: 2311: 2279: 2253: 2227: 2201: 2175: 2168: 2149: 2123: 2095: 2079:"TREATY NO. 9" 2069: 2048: 2018: 1991: 1957: 1929: 1914: 1887: 1844: 1841:(43): 179–194. 1822: 1795: 1794: 1792: 1789: 1771: 1768: 1747: 1744: 1738: 1735: 1715: 1712: 1699: 1696: 1611: 1610:Transportation 1608: 1606: 1605:Infrastructure 1603: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1583: 1577: 1571: 1570: 1567: 1561: 1560: 1557: 1551: 1550: 1547: 1541: 1540: 1537: 1531: 1530: 1527: 1521: 1520: 1518:New Democratic 1515: 1510: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1498: 1497: 1494: 1488: 1487: 1482: 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553:Main article: 550: 547: 530: 527: 519:Cree syllabics 465:hydro-electric 440:Main article: 437: 434: 369:Main article: 358: 355: 333: 330: 302:Indian Reserve 224: 223: 214: 213: 207: 206: 205: 202: 201: 195: 194: 193:Tribal Council 190: 189: 187: 186: 183: 180: 179:Madeline Scott 177: 174: 171: 168: 165: 161: 159: 155: 154: 151: 147: 146: 142: 141: 138: 134: 133: 130: 126: 125: 122: 118: 117: 114: 110: 109: 105: 104: 101: 97: 96: 95:Fort Albany 67 93: 89: 88: 84: 83: 80: 76: 75: 72: 68: 67: 64: 60: 59: 56: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5336: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5301: 5299: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5275: 5274: 5271: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5148: 5146: 5140: 5134: 5133:Moose Factory 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5115: 5113: 5111: 5107: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5087: 5085: 5081: 5075: 5072: 5071: 5069: 5065: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5043: 5040: 5038: 5035: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5014: 5012: 5008: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4963: 4961: 4959:First Nations 4957: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4922: 4920: 4916: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4881: 4879: 4875: 4870: 4860: 4857: 4856: 4854: 4850: 4846: 4842: 4835: 4830: 4828: 4823: 4821: 4816: 4815: 4812: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4786: 4783: 4777: 4776:Vermilion Bay 4774: 4772: 4769: 4767: 4764: 4762: 4761:Sioux Narrows 4759: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4747: 4744: 4742: 4739: 4737: 4734: 4732: 4729: 4727: 4724: 4722: 4719: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4692: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4668: 4666: 4660: 4654: 4651: 4649: 4646: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4619: 4616: 4615: 4613: 4611: 4607: 4601: 4598: 4597: 4595: 4591: 4585: 4584:Summer Beaver 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4569:McDowell Lake 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4551: 4549: 4545: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4473:Wabauskang 21 4471: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4458: 4457:Shoal Lake 40 4455: 4452: 4449: 4446: 4445:Shoal Lake 39 4443: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4419:Sandy Lake 88 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4372:Pikangikum 14 4370: 4368: 4367:Osnaburgh 63B 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4357:Obabikong 35B 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4272:Kingfisher 3A 4270: 4268: 4267:Kingfisher 2A 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4237: 4234: 4232: 4229: 4227: 4226:Eagle Lake 27 4224: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4206:Bearskin Lake 4204: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4188: 4186: 4184: 4180: 4174: 4173:Wunnumin Lake 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4143:Wabigoon Lake 4141: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4123:Shoal Lake 40 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3968:Buffalo Point 3966: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3958:Bearskin Lake 3956: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3940: 3938: 3936: 3935:First Nations 3932: 3926: 3923: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3902: 3900: 3896: 3890: 3889:Sioux Lookout 3887: 3885: 3882: 3881: 3879: 3875: 3870: 3860: 3857: 3855: 3852: 3851: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3830: 3825: 3823: 3818: 3816: 3811: 3810: 3807: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3782: 3781: 3779: 3775: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3738:Bearskin Lake 3736: 3735: 3733: 3731: 3727: 3721: 3718: 3716: 3713: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3701: 3698: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3679: 3673: 3672:Wunnumin Lake 3670: 3668: 3665: 3663: 3660: 3658: 3655: 3653: 3650: 3649: 3647: 3645: 3641: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3615: 3612: 3610: 3607: 3605: 3604:Chapleau Cree 3602: 3600: 3597: 3596: 3594: 3592: 3588: 3582: 3579: 3577: 3574: 3572: 3569: 3567: 3564: 3562: 3559: 3557: 3554: 3552: 3549: 3547: 3544: 3542: 3539: 3537: 3534: 3533: 3531: 3529: 3525: 3519: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3508:McDowell Lake 3506: 3504: 3501: 3499: 3496: 3494: 3491: 3490: 3488: 3486: 3482: 3476: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3461: 3458: 3456: 3453: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3433: 3428: 3426: 3421: 3419: 3414: 3413: 3410: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3388: 3385: 3378: 3376: 3375: 3372: 3367: 3361: 3360: 3356: 3348: 3339: 3337: 3334: 3333: 3330: 3323: 3321: 3320: 3317: 3315: 3312: 3310: 3309: 3304: 3295: 3290: 3288: 3283: 3281: 3276: 3275: 3272: 3266: 3263: 3262: 3258: 3242: 3238: 3232: 3229: 3217: 3213: 3206: 3203: 3190: 3186: 3182: 3176: 3173: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3146: 3143: 3131: 3127: 3120: 3117: 3105: 3101: 3094: 3091: 3079: 3075: 3068: 3065: 3052: 3046: 3043: 3031: 3027: 3020: 3017: 3005: 2999: 2996: 2983: 2977: 2974: 2970: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2954: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2938: 2935: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2907: 2904: 2892: 2888: 2882: 2879: 2866: 2862: 2861:Timmins Today 2858: 2851: 2848: 2835: 2829: 2826: 2814: 2810: 2803: 2800: 2787: 2783: 2777: 2774: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2744: 2741: 2729: 2725: 2719: 2716: 2704: 2700: 2693: 2690: 2678: 2674: 2667: 2665: 2663: 2659: 2647:. Weatherbase 2646: 2640: 2637: 2632: 2626: 2624: 2620: 2608: 2604: 2597: 2594: 2582: 2578: 2571: 2568: 2556: 2552: 2545: 2542: 2529: 2525: 2519: 2516: 2504: 2500: 2493: 2490: 2478: 2474: 2467: 2464: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2437: 2435: 2431: 2419: 2415: 2408: 2405: 2393: 2389: 2382: 2380: 2378: 2374: 2362: 2361:National Post 2358: 2351: 2348: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2297: 2296:Timmins Today 2293: 2286: 2284: 2280: 2268: 2264: 2257: 2254: 2242: 2238: 2231: 2228: 2215: 2211: 2205: 2202: 2190: 2186: 2179: 2176: 2171: 2165: 2161: 2160: 2153: 2150: 2138: 2134: 2127: 2124: 2112: 2108: 2102: 2100: 2096: 2084: 2080: 2073: 2070: 2065: 2058: 2052: 2049: 2037: 2033: 2027: 2025: 2023: 2019: 2006: 2002: 1995: 1992: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1964: 1962: 1958: 1946: 1942: 1936: 1934: 1930: 1925: 1918: 1915: 1902: 1898: 1891: 1888: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1867: 1859: 1857: 1855: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1845: 1840: 1833: 1831: 1829: 1827: 1823: 1811: 1807: 1800: 1797: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1782: 1777: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1759: 1757: 1753: 1745: 1743: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1713: 1711: 1707: 1705: 1697: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1668:Moose Factory 1665: 1661: 1655: 1654:individuals. 1651: 1647: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1609: 1604: 1602: 1600: 1596: 1588: 1578: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1526: 1522: 1519: 1514: 1513:Charlie Angus 1505: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1493: 1489: 1486: 1481: 1472: 1470: 1466: 1463: 1462: 1459: 1455: 1452: 1441: 1435: 1432: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1417: 1416: 1410: 1400: 1398: 1394: 1391: 1386: 1385:Guy Bourgouin 1377: 1375: 1371: 1368: 1367: 1364: 1355: 1349: 1346: 1345: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1322: 1320: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1302: 1300: 1298: 1290: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1273: 1270: 1267: 1264: 1261: 1260: 1259: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1241: 1233: 1228: 1226: 1224: 1218: 1213: 1208: 1202: 1200: 1193: 1191: 1189: 1185: 1177: 1175: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1137: 1135: 1129: 1124: 1122: 1120: 1114: 1112: 1108: 1100: 1091: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1065: 1060: 1055: 1050: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1022: 1021:precipitation 1017: 1011: 1006: 1001: 996: 991: 986: 981: 976: 971: 966: 961: 956: 951: 947: 941: 936: 931: 926: 921: 916: 911: 906: 901: 896: 891: 886: 881: 877: 871: 866: 861: 856: 851: 846: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 816: 811: 807: 763: 758: 754: 752: 749: 745: 740: 733: 731: 729: 724: 721: 717: 713: 709: 707: 703: 699: 694: 692: 688: 684: 680: 672: 670: 668: 664: 660: 656: 651: 643: 641: 639: 635: 631: 622: 620: 617: 614: 608: 606: 602: 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 577: 575: 571: 567: 563: 556: 546: 544: 540: 536: 535:reserve lands 528: 526: 524: 520: 516: 512: 502: 498: 496: 492: 488: 483: 481: 477: 476: 471: 466: 460: 457: 453: 449: 443: 435: 433: 429: 427: 423: 422:Confederation 419: 415: 406: 402: 400: 396: 391: 389: 384: 382: 378: 377:Charles Bayly 375:Around 1675, 372: 363: 356: 354: 352: 348: 344: 339: 331: 329: 326: 322: 317: 315: 312:controls the 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 292:, within the 291: 287: 282: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 253: 248: 240: 236: 227: 211: 200: 196: 191: 184: 181: 178: 175: 172: 170:Pascal Spence 169: 166: 163: 162: 160: 156: 152: 148: 143: 139: 135: 131: 127: 123: 121:On other land 119: 115: 111: 106: 102: 98: 94: 90: 85: 81: 73: 65: 54: 49: 46: 43: 24: 19: 5073: 5058:New Post 69A 5041: 4986:Marten Falls 4975: 4736:Nestor Falls 4468:Wabaseemoong 4463:Swan Lake 29 4242:Fort Hope 64 4235: 4211:Cat Lake 63C 4133:Wabaseemoong 4113:Sachigo Lake 4073:Niisaachewan 4053:Naongashiing 4038:Marten Falls 3992: 3953:Attawapiskat 3758:Sachigo Lake 3599:Attawapiskat 3566:Marten Falls 3561:Long Lake 58 3357: 3346: 3244:. Retrieved 3240: 3231: 3219:. Retrieved 3215: 3205: 3193:. Retrieved 3184: 3175: 3163:. Retrieved 3159:the original 3154: 3145: 3133:. Retrieved 3129: 3119: 3107:. Retrieved 3103: 3093: 3081:. Retrieved 3077: 3067: 3055:. Retrieved 3045: 3033:. Retrieved 3029: 3019: 3007:. Retrieved 2998: 2986:. Retrieved 2976: 2953: 2937: 2925:. Retrieved 2921:the original 2916: 2906: 2894:. Retrieved 2890: 2887:"Who We Are" 2881: 2869:. Retrieved 2865:the original 2860: 2850: 2838:. Retrieved 2828: 2816:. Retrieved 2812: 2802: 2790:. Retrieved 2785: 2776: 2765:. Retrieved 2753: 2743: 2731:. Retrieved 2727: 2718: 2706:. Retrieved 2702: 2692: 2680:. Retrieved 2676: 2649:. Retrieved 2639: 2610:. Retrieved 2606: 2596: 2584:. Retrieved 2580: 2570: 2558:. Retrieved 2555:Toronto Star 2554: 2544: 2532:. Retrieved 2527: 2518: 2506:. Retrieved 2502: 2492: 2480:. Retrieved 2476: 2466: 2454:. Retrieved 2445: 2421:. Retrieved 2417: 2407: 2395:. Retrieved 2391: 2364:. Retrieved 2360: 2350: 2338:. 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Retrieved 1809: 1799: 1781:dreamcatcher 1773: 1760: 1749: 1740: 1732: 1717: 1708: 1701: 1692: 1688: 1660:Attawapiskat 1656: 1652: 1648: 1613: 1592: 1457: 1450: 1447: 1422: 1362: 1361: 1326: 1306: 1294: 1256: 1253:Band council 1243: 1209: 1206: 1197: 1181: 1141: 1133: 1125:Demographics 1115: 1104: 1023:mm (inches) 750: 741: 737: 727: 725: 722: 718: 714: 710: 695: 690: 682: 676: 647: 626: 618: 609: 585:Attawapiskat 578: 558: 532: 507: 484: 479: 475:Treaty No. 9 474: 461: 454:of 1870 and 445: 436:Treaty No. 9 430: 411: 395:Marten Falls 392: 385: 374: 335: 318: 283: 271:Albany River 255:First Nation 234: 233: 173:Joseph Scott 167:Brenda Scott 92:Main reserve 33: 31:Band No. 142 18: 5254:Smoky Falls 5244:Pagwa River 5209:Ghost River 5144:communities 5074:Fort Albany 5053:New Post 69 4981:Kashechewan 4976:Fort Albany 4971:Flying Post 4899:Kapuskasing 4756:Rat Portage 4751:Pickle Crow 4696:Eagle River 4664:communities 4579:Slate Falls 4559:Kee Way Win 4554:Kashechewan 4493:Wawakapewin 4377:Poplar Hill 4287:Lac Seul 28 4257:Kee-Way-Win 4158:Wawakapewin 4128:Slate Falls 4108:Poplar Hill 4013:Kashechewan 3998:Fort Severn 3993:Fort Albany 3983:Eabametoong 3920:Pickle Lake 3763:Slate Falls 3748:Koocheching 3705:Flying Post 3690:Beaverhouse 3667:Wawakapewin 3614:Kashechewan 3609:Fort Albany 3551:Ginoogaming 3546:Eabametoong 3518:Poplar Hill 3498:Fort Severn 3465:Muskrat Dam 3135:November 7, 3035:November 7, 2946:CBC Sudbury 2927:December 6, 2871:December 7, 2708:November 7, 2682:November 7, 2651:13 November 1875:11375/13823 1815:October 21, 1680:Kapuskasing 1672:Kashechewan 1620:Air Creebec 1616:winter road 1579: 2021– 1401: 2022– 1317:Thunder Bay 1223:spoken word 1215: [ 698:garnishment 663:Kashechewan 655:Kashechewan 601:Fort Severn 351:patrilineal 347:Anishinaabe 338:Mushkegowuk 321:Fort Albany 279:winter road 243:ᐲᐦᑖᐯᒄ ᐃᓕᓕᐗᒃ 129:Off reserve 36:ᐲᐦᑖᐯᒄ ᐃᓕᓕᐗᒃ 29:Fort Albany 23:Fort Albany 5298:Categories 5276:See also: 5118:Hallébourg 5100:South West 5095:South East 5017:Abitibi 70 4991:Moose Cree 4701:Eton–Rugby 4671:Balmertown 4648:Round Lake 4533:Wunnumin 2 4528:Wunnumin 1 4488:Wapekeka 2 4483:Wapekeka 1 4337:Neskantaga 4262:Kenora 38B 4138:Wabauskang 4118:Sandy Lake 4103:Pikangikum 4063:Neskantaga 4023:Kingfisher 3988:Eagle Lake 3963:Big Grassy 3794:Sandy Lake 3768:Whitewater 3710:Matachewan 3657:Kingfisher 3624:Moose Cree 3571:Neskantaga 3556:Hornepayne 3470:Pikangikum 3216:The Nation 3130:The Nation 3109:January 3, 3104:The Nation 3083:January 3, 3078:The Nation 3030:The Nation 2917:The Nation 2896:January 5, 2818:January 3, 2792:January 3, 2786:The Nation 2767:2023-11-07 2733:January 7, 2703:The Nation 2677:The Nation 2612:January 3, 2607:The Nation 2586:January 3, 2581:The Nation 2560:January 3, 2534:January 3, 2528:The Nation 2508:January 3, 2503:The Nation 2482:January 3, 2477:The Nation 2456:January 6, 2423:January 3, 2418:The Nation 2397:January 7, 2366:January 6, 2340:January 6, 2272:January 6, 2246:January 3, 2241:The Nation 2194:January 3, 2189:The Nation 2142:January 3, 2001:"Treaty 9" 1984:January 6, 1880:January 6, 1791:References 1714:Healthcare 1676:Fraserdale 1636:Air Canada 1433:Parliament 1323:Provincial 1229:Government 1130:Population 691:The Nation 683:The Nation 665:is mainly 597:Moose Fort 543:Indian Act 523:York boats 491:Union Jack 470:horsepower 145:Government 113:On reserve 103:363.457 km 5264:Val Gagné 5239:Norembega 5199:Frederick 5181:Driftwood 5001:Wahgoshig 4945:Opasatika 4918:Townships 4731:Minnitaki 4686:Cochenour 4574:Peawanuck 4508:Winisk 90 4221:Deer Lake 4191:Agency 30 4098:Onigaming 4068:Nibinamik 4018:Keewaywin 3978:Deer Lake 3905:Ear Falls 3898:Townships 3720:Wahgoshig 3715:Mattagami 3576:Nibinamik 3503:Keewaywin 3493:Deer Lake 3475:Whitesand 3359:James Bay 3241:211 North 3151:"History" 1770:Education 1093:Source: 734:Geography 679:Ron Irwin 648:In 1958, 605:Chisasibi 388:fur trade 357:Fur trade 304:with the 275:James Bay 100:Land area 5204:Gardiner 5166:Calstock 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