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434:"That having two Forts belonging to one Company, and my Men to the Number of 19 was drafted from me, being total but Fifty-Three, Your Petitioner thinks himself too weak to be of any Service to the Frontiers, seeing the Enemy commits violent Outrages nigh the Forts; as Yesterday, the 3d of November, I found 3 Persons Scalped, and there is 3 more missing within a Mile of Fort Lebanon, & 2 Men killed and one took Captive within ½ Mile of the Fort at Northkill, and dangerous it is to keep ye Forts if their was a Superiority in Number to besiege them, So your Petitioner in Humility begs that your Honour would take ye Premising into Consideration."
350:"The Fort is situate in a fine Plain in the Neighbourhood of several good plantations, which are now inhabited by their respective Owners. But it is rather too much crowded with Buildings which in Case of an Attack would much hinder the Garrison. Some of those Buildings were erected for the Accomodation of Several of the poor adjacent Inhabitants last Winter but some of them are proposed to be removed for the better Accomodating of the Garrison; and when this is done there will be convenient Room within the Fort to parade and exercise the Men; and the whole will be more light and airy. Here is also great Complaint for want of Ammunition."
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409:, that on Saturday Evening last the House and Barn of Barnabas Sictle, and the Mill of Peter Conrad, were burnt down, and the Wife of Balsar Neytong killed, and his Son, a Child of eight years old, taken Captive, by three Indians; and the next Morning Sictle's Servant informed Captain Morgan of the Mischief done at his Master's Plantation, whereupon he, with seven of his Men immediately went in Search of the Enemy, but did not meet with any."
279:. However, Native American war parties often attacked nearby farms and killed settlers, disappearing before the fort's troops could respond. The garrison was sometimes fewer than 25 men as troops were transferred for temporary duty elsewhere, meaning that the fort had little manpower for patrols or to pursue attackers. The fort was renamed Fort William in mid-1757. In May 1758, the garrison was transferred and the fort was never re-occupied.
421:"Six men to range from the little Fort on Northkill...and stay there if the People unite to work together in their Harvest, Six men to stay in that Fort, fifteen men are to stay in Fort Libanon, Eight men to protect the People over the Hill in harvest Time, Ten men to range constantly Eastward or Westward, and if the People return to their Plantations thereabouts, to protect those first."
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447:. Native American war parties continued to attack local farms, killing two or three people at a time and taking children. Troops sent out to pursue the attackers found only the warriors' tracks. Regular patrols failed to prevent these attacks. In July the decision was made to change the fort's name to Fort William, probably in honor of
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James Read wrote to
Colonel Weiser the same day that "By a Gentleman who left Fort Lebanon yesterday afternoon, I hear that Sixty Women and Children have fled into it for Refuge, and several Families have come further into the Settlements, with their Household Goods & Stock." On November 26, ten
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and was intended to guard a gap in the mountains, cut by the river, that Native
Americans used when travelling into Eastern Pennsylvania. Although there was no nearby township, over a hundred families had recently settled in the area and needed protection. The fort was built in three weeks under the
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were subsiding. On May 11, Deputy
Governor William Denny ordered the troops stationed at Fort William to join British military units as they were advancing on French outposts. By 1896 only the dried-up streambed and a depression in the earth left over from the gunpowder magazine were still visible.
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in
October. Fort Northkill had a garrison of only 9 men and an officer. On November 3, a child was taken, and two men were killed, and three persons were killed and three taken captive near Fort Lebanon, but the garrison was too depleted to mount an effective response, even though the fort had been
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In May 1757 Captain Morgan and 30 men were sent to Fort
Augusta for three months, and Captain Busse at Fort Henry took command of Fort Lebanon. Colonel Weiser sent reinforcements to Fort Lebanon in June, but a sergeant and 9 men were sent in July to stand guard during a conference at
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had a cellar for the safe storage of powder. Two other buildings were later added for the refuge of settlers' families, and the fort was constructed so that a spring flowed through it, for fresh drinking water. Major
William Parsons visited the fort in May 1756 and wrote:
361:"Fort Lebanon...is situated in a Plain, on one side is a Plantation, on the other a Barren Pretty Clear of Woods all round, only a few trees about 50 yards from the Fort, which I desired might be cut down... Fort is a square of about 100 feet well staccoded with good
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visited Fort
William in February and reported: "Revewed the Garrison & found 53 good men but diffitient in Dissipline...no Arms fitt for use, no Kettles nor tools." The decision was made soon after this to abandon the fort.
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launched dozens of
Shawnee and Delaware raids against British colonial settlements, killing and capturing hundreds of colonists and destroying settlements across western and central Pennsylvania. In late 1755,
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The
Indians of Berks County, Pa: Being a Summary of All the Tangible Records of the Aborigines of Berks County, and Containing Cuts and Descriptions of the Varieties of Relics Found Within the County,
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was attacked and burned, and there is no record of a response from the fort. On
October 1, the farms of the Spatz family and the Degler family were destroyed, and six members of the
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Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania Genealogy--family History--biography; Containing Historical Sketches of Old Families and of Representative and Prominent Citizens, Past and Present,
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In January, 1758, Adjutant Jacob Kern reported that "Capt morgans Company being 53 men and all in Good order this fort is of Little Service to the Country." Colonel
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were sent from Reading to protect the other farms. In late September, Governor Denny ordered Fort Northkill to be abandoned.
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built to protect the civilian population. On November 4, Captain Morgan wrote to Governor Denny, requesting reinforcements:
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542:"French & Indian War ~ Fort Lebanon, Fort Franklin, Hawk Mt, Fort Everett," the Wandering Woodsman, May 2, 2021
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Attacks continued during the summer months and farmers in the fields were vulnerable, therefore Lieutenant Colonel
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A stone monument with a brass plaque was erected near the site of the fort on Fort Lebanon Road in 1913 by the
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men were transferred from Fort Augusta back to Fort Lebanon, for a total garrison of 32 soldiers.
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fort built in December 1755 and designed to provide protection for settlers' families during the
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to the temporary line, can secure the lives and property of the inhabitants of this country."
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Hyun Soo Lee, "Historic Fort Lebanon marker honored at rededication ceremony near Auburn,"
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Dan Hochstetler, "The Hochstetler Massacre," Descendents of Jacob Hochstetler website, 2024
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The settlements around the fort were frequently attacked during 1756. On March 6 1756, the
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Breaking the Backcountry: The Seven Years’ War in Virginia and Pennsylvania, 1754–1765
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Report of the Commission to Locate the Site of the Frontier Forts of Pennsylvania,
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Report of the Commission to Locate the Site of the Frontier Forts of Pennsylvania,
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At the time, the fort was one of the largest in the defensive chain east of the
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The Pennsylvania Militia: Defending the Commonwealth and the Nation, 1669–1870
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The garrison at Fort Lebanon was reduced to 22 when 19 men were sent to
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308:: "I am of the opinion that no other means of defense than a chain of
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Don Morfe, "Fort Lebanon," Historical Marker Database, August 5, 2015
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supervision of Captain Jacob Morgan, at about the same time as
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Buildings and structures in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania
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Colonial Wars of North America, 1512-1763: An Encyclopedia.
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Map of Fortifications on the Pennsylvania frontier in 1756
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were killed. Forty soldiers and two lieutenants from the
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Fort Lebanon was located just northeast of present-day
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583:(Classic Reprint). Fb&c Limited, 2018; pp 330-340
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James Young visited the fort in June 1756 and wrote:
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vol 1, Harrisburg, PA: W.S. Ray, state printer, 1916
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525:Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission
581:Forts on the Pennsylvania Frontier: 1753–1758,
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1122:Fort Shirley
1057:Fort Loudoun
1047:Light's Fort
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41:Please help
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1077:Fort McCord
1072:Fort Manada
1022:Fort Hunter
987:Fort Bigham
810:during the
486:Abandonment
318:Susquehanna
310:blockhouses
184:In use
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126:Coordinates
1157:Categories
1017:Fort Henry
992:Fort Depuy
972:Fort Allen
548:References
505:Mahantongo
479:James Burd
401:reported:
367:Wall Piece
247:Designated
209:commanders
138:76°04′43″W
135:40°36′46″N
51:Wikisource
1097:Fort Pitt
451:, son of
316:from the
187:1756–1758
47:Wikiquote
34:contains
963:Frontier
363:Bastions
273:stockade
226:Garrison
59:May 2024
462:at the
293:Shingas
283:History
445:Easton
82:(near
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176:Built
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295:and
250:1949
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163:Type
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