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359:, behind the doorway like a see-saw. Raising this bridge would effectively cut off the fort from any entrance by land as the bottom of the fort's doorway stood a full 15 feet (4.6 m) above the water of the moat or "wet ditch" below. A similar entrance from the lake side, known as a "water gate", also utilized a drawbridge which accessed a dock extending from the fort into the lake.
463:. These rods were originally devised to brace up and support the massive weight of the fort's detached outer wall face, a defensive element of the fort's construction which later proved over time to be a structural flaw. Previously a third remaining bastion on the northern side of the fort suffered a similar collapse and was completely destroyed in 1980, mostly falling into the moat.
438:. During the period of disuse which followed, as had also happened with the abandoned 1816 fortification, many locals visited the fort, carting off untold amounts of lumber, bricks, windows, and doors for use in their homes and other buildings. Ultimately most of the fort, aside from the gutted westward facing officer's quarters, a small portion of the southern wall and three
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351:. This made Fort Montgomery essentially surrounded on all sides by water and accessible only by a retractable drawbridge from the land side. An interesting and innovative design feature in its own right, this drawbridge could be mechanically pivoted on a central balance point with one end raising to block the entrance and the other end dropping into a curved pit in the
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needed. Contrary to local lore, however, although the fort never fired a shot in anger, this does not mean the fort was never armed. According to War
Department records, in 1886 when Fort Montgomery was most heavily armed, it mounted 74 guns of its full 125 gun capacity, including 8 inches (200 mm) and 10 inches (250 mm)
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During the mid-1980s Podd worked with local historical societies to have the State of New York purchase the property with a view toward possible restoration of the site. Despite being offered the fort at no cost, negotiations were unsuccessful and the State declined to accept the property. Since May
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In the years following the Civil War, with the introduction of much more modern and powerful armaments such as explosive shells and rapid-firing rifled cannon, the military importance of masonry fortifications such as Fort
Montgomery was rapidly drawing to a close. Technology now existed which could
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There are current concerns among local preservationists that what remains of the fort today is in danger of a catastrophic structural collapse. This is in part due to the removal of iron reinforcing rods, emplaced around 1886, which were likely cut out for their scrap value during the wartime scrap
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and walls to piles of rubble. The last decade of the 19th century slowly saw the removal of the old fort's guns, now long obsolete. By 1900, 37 guns were still present and by 1901, that number had decreased to 20. Purportedly the last of the larger guns were removed and taken down the lake by barge
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Directly behind the fort itself, between it and the actual shoreline, a massive manmade island was constructed. Standing higher than the fort itself, this earthen berm was known as the "cover face" and protected the fort against an enemy on land being able to utilize heavy siege guns to reduce the
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Over the roughly 30-year period of Fort
Montgomery's construction, no expense was spared and the work represented some of the period's most advanced military technology. At peak points on the project, the labor force consisted of roughly 400 stonecutters and masons plying their trades at the site.
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Initially designed to be manned by a force of 800 men, the fort was never fully garrisoned and mainly took on a role as a military deterrent along the border. Many of the Third System forts by design were never permanently garrisoned, ultimately intended to be waiting and ready for action only if
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and Alburg, Vermont. The property had a number of private owners before it was sold in 1983 to Victor Podd, Sr. who constructed the headquarters of the
Powertex Corporation on the adjacent "Commons" to the west of the fort. Island Point, the actual fort site, was left untouched.
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was actually located some 0.75 miles (1.21 km) south, effectively placing the fort in Canada, all construction on this first fort stopped and the site was abandoned. Much of its material was scavenged by the locals for use in their own homes and public buildings.
399:. Most of these guns were mounted training northward towards Canada. Although never placed in position, two massive 15 inches (380 mm) Rodmans were present at the site for years sitting on the parade ground waiting to be mounted atop the wall.
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listed Fort
Montgomery as one of their "Seven to Save" properties. This listing effectively recognized the historical significance of the Fort Montgomery ruins. It also identified the ruins as being in dire need of stabilization and preservation.
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for cannon which would better protect the gunners inside a fort, an upgrade which was retrofitted into Fort
Montgomery's design on its unfinished upper gun tier, while the lower, already completed level sported the older style brick embrasures.
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against the Union from Canada. Possibly to assuage those concerns, a detachment of the 14th U.S. Infantry was actually garrisoned at the fort for three months in 1862. These fears were eventually proven to be not that far-fetched when the
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Construction had begun on the first fort at this location, an octagonal structure with 30-foot-high (9.1 m) walls, in 1816 to protect against an attack from
British Canada such as that which led to the
293:, the site of the 1816 fort and the northernmost point on Lake Champlain, to the United States. Construction began on the new fortification two years later in 1844, dubbed Fort Montgomery, in honor of the
455:. The first auction ended on June 5, 2006, with a winning bid of $ 5,000,310. However, the sale was not completed, and as of 2019 the fort and lands surrounding it remain for sale.
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walls. It was connected to the land by a narrow stone causeway and to the fort itself by a bridge. Also during the fort's later construction, Chief
Engineer of the U.S. Army
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error it was later found that this first fort was inadvertently built on the
Canadian side of the border, resulting in its sometimes being better known as "Fort Blunder".
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442:(two of which remain today), was demolished in 1936–1937. Its massive stones were crushed and dumped into the lake for fill to construct a nearby bridge between
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426:. Following this period the now empty fort was watched over by a caretaker, usually a retired soldier who lived in a nearby house and patrolled the grounds.
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toured the fortification and was so impressed with the magnitude of the site, he returned to
Washington and intended to have the military garrison at nearby
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When its basic structure was completed, the fortification boasted walls some 48 feet (15 m) high and gun emplacements for 125 cannon on three tiers.
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built at the northernmost point of the American part of the lake: a first, unnamed fort built on the same site in 1816 and Fort Montgomery built in 1844.
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around 1909. After being loaded onto railroad cars at Plattsburgh, many of the iron cannon met their end being melted down for their scrap value in
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No evidence has come to light that this first fort was ever named, with most contemporary documents simply referring to it as the
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stationed instead at the fort. Due to the outcry of many prominent local citizens, however, the troop movement never took place.
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Work on the fort remained almost continuous through 1870, with the peak of construction taking a frenzied pace during the
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at Rouse's Point. It is often mistakenly referred to as Fort Montgomery. The site of the first fort was listed on the
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Shelton, Hal (1994). General Richard Montgomery and the American Revolution. New York: New York University Press. p154
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The fort was also one of only nine examples constructed in the United States to have a moat, another being
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In 1926 the United States Government sold Fort Montgomery along with its adjacent Military Reservation at
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Fort Montgomery: Through the Years... A Pictorial History of the Great Stone Fort on Lake Champlain
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where he had been in charge of laying out the American defensive fortifications and had later been
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The current massive stone fortification, the second fort, was built between 1844 and 1871 at the
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Bastions on the Border: The Great Stone Forts at Rouses Point on Lake Champlain
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and curtain (wall) of Fort Montgomery, July 17, 2011. Note the numerous rifle
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Totten was no stranger to the area and had served as a Major under Generals
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Forts on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
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in 1864 involving a raid by 21 Confederate soldiers from Canada.
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National Register of Historic Places in Clinton County, New York
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allow an enemy force to quickly and easily reduce their massive
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known locally as "the commons". However, due to an earlier
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2006, Podds' heirs have attempted to sell the fort on
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visited the incomplete fortification and the adjacent
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of Lake Champlain at Island Point in the village of
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Fort Montgomery (at Rouse's Point) history and tour
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609:. Archived from the original on 18 September 2019
537:"Civil War Fort for Sale, Minutes from Montreal"
391:to Lieutenant-Colonel for gallantry under fire.
631:) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
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673:. South Hero, VT: America's Historic Lakes.
654:. South Hero, VT: America's Historic Lakes.
708:Fort Montgomery: The old fort nobody wants
271:under the name "Fort Montgomery" in 1977.
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269:National Register of Historic Places
232:in 1814. In July 1817, President
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713:Current photos of Fort Montgomery
281:Canada and the American Civil War
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367:invented an iron reinforced
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669:Millard, James P. (2005).
650:Millard, James P. (2009).
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559:"Fort Montgomery Island"
539:. CBC News. May 20, 2006
407:William Tecumseh Sherman
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561:. Private Islands, Inc
444:Rouses Point, New York
212:Rouses Point, New York
590:"Seven to Save: 2009"
502:National Park Service
385:Battle of Plattsburgh
306:killed at Quebec City
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196:is the second of two
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736:45.0056°N 73.3490°W
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60:on the lower level.
700:2007-09-08 at the
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308:during the
754:Categories
727:73°20′56″W
724:45°00′20″N
475:References
357:sally port
279:See also:
218:Background
419:casemates
402:In 1880,
389:brevetted
369:embrasure
265:"battery"
242:surveying
153:Architect
130:Champlain
58:loopholes
698:Archived
623:cite web
613:5 August
599:5 August
543:March 9,
440:bastions
430:Disposal
314:Atlantic
304:who was
297:soldier
198:American
174:77000937
138:New York
122:Location
54:bastions
353:postern
347:in the
334:Vermont
316:Coast.
257:"works"
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565:17 May
381:Macomb
263:", or
377:Izard
355:, or
201:forts
145:Built
675:ISBN
656:ISBN
633:link
629:link
615:2021
601:2021
567:2019
545:2010
453:eBay
379:and
148:1844
140:, US
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192:on
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
