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The establishment of an interim government and law enforcement presence did not satisfy the Cacos, a group of rebels. On the northern end of the country, skirmishing continued in the villages and mountains. In
October 1915 (after a brief ceasefire), the Cacos began again their assault on U.S. forces
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On 17 November 1915, Butler (who was leading a force of marines and sailors) surrounded the last stronghold of the Cacos at Fort Rivière on a mountain to the south of Grand
Riviere du Nord. At 7:30 a.m., Butler signaled (by whistle) all his troops to attack. The surprise was successful,
77:) was assigned to enforce all laws of the country while providing a quasi-military force. They were backed by the 1st Marine Brigade with 88 officers and 1,941 men guarding ten towns (armed with
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rapidly reestablished an interim government. Police, customs, schools and hospitals were all placed under the purview of the Marine and Naval personnel assigned to the occupation.
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who were granted
Haitian commissions as officers and leaders of native troops. This group (which was called the
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sailors landed in Haiti, beginning a nineteen-year occupation of Haiti by the U.S. Marines.
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In 1915, Haiti was in a state of political upheaval. On 28 July 1915, two companies of the
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in government-controlled towns. It was during this same period that
Gunnery Sergeant
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confusing the Cacos. Crawling through a tunnel, Butler and his men were involved in
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fort that was the site of the defeat of the
Haitian rebel force called the
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each for separate actions) were each awarded their second Medal of Honor.
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The marines established a law enforcing constabulary, commanded by Marine
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242:"Haiti: US Navy Medal of Honor — Haitian Campaign, 1915"
248:, Department of the Navy. 20 April 2005. Archived from
27:. It is on the north coast of Haiti to the south of
179:The War of 1898 and U.S. Interventions, 1898-1934
287:United States Marine Corps in the 20th century
8:
181:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 189–190.
85:Conflict between U.S. forces and the Cacos
155:History of the United States Marine Corps
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62:The marines and sailors under Admiral
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175:"Fort Rivière, Haiti, Battle (1915)"
110:. The Americans captured the fort.
98:(two marines who had received one
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23:on the summit of Montagne Noire,
1:
19:is a ruined mountain fort in
218:. 4 May 1931. Archived from
25:Saint-Raphaël Arrondissement
173:Beede, Benjamin R. (1994).
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71:non-commissioned officers
246:Naval Historical Center
129:19.483333°N 72.183333°W
150:Battle of Fort Riviere
31:and 20 miles south of
29:Grande-Rivière-du-Nord
134:19.483333; -72.183333
108:hand-to-hand fighting
53:United States Marines
47:Historical background
43:on 17 November 1915.
222:on 15 December 2008
125: /
75:Gendarmerie d'Haiti
64:William B. Caperton
57:United States Navy
35:. It was a French
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210:"Again, Butler"
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100:Medal of Honor
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254:. Retrieved
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192:. Retrieved
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17:Fort Rivière
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277:Banana Wars
256:17 December
226:17 December
194:17 December
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92:Daniel Daly
33:Cap-Haïtien
271:Categories
161:References
120:72°11′00″W
117:19°29′00″N
94:and Major
55:and three
81:rifles).
144:See also
37:bastion
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41:Cacos
21:Haiti
258:2008
228:2008
215:Time
196:2008
183:ISBN
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