47:. The two speakers are complementary to each other: i.e., as one increases, the other decreases. The left one is decreased exponentially, and the right speaker becomes the main source of the sound. The listener mistakenly perceives the sound as only coming from the left speaker, although the right speaker has been on most of the time.
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At the beginning of the experiment, when loudspeaker 1 started to emit sound, there was a short time period, where only the direct sound of loudspeaker 1 arrived at the listener's ears. In this time period the localization of loudspeaker 1 was surely possible, because it was not yet disturbed by wall
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As a consequence the auditory system seems only to be able to localize sound sources in reverberant environment at sound onsets or at bigger spectral changes. Then the direct sound of the sound source prevails at least in some frequency ranges and the direction of the sound source can be determined.
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Some milliseconds later, when the sound of the wall reflections arrives, a sound source localization seems no more to be possible. As long as no new localization is possible, the auditory systems seems to keep the last localized direction as perceived sound source direction.
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Inside a room (auditorium) there are two loudspeakers at different positions. At the beginning of the presentation, loudspeaker 1 emits a pure tone with a steep attacking slope. Subsequently the power of this loudspeaker remains constant. The listeners can
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As long as no sound source can be localized, the direction of the last localized sound source remains as the perceived direction. (The auditory event remained at loudspeaker 1, although loudspeaker 2 emitted all the sound at the end of the
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During the fade over the level and the spectrum of the emitted sound remained constant. This fade over was overlaid by many wall reflections from the sound situation before. Obviously no sound source localization was possible during this
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this loudspeaker easily. During the stationary part of the envelope the signal is very smoothly faded over from loudspeaker 1 to loudspeaker 2. Although loudspeaker 2 emits all the sound at the end, the listener's
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where the listener incorrectly localizes a sound. It was found in 1960 by Nico
Valentinus Franssen (1926–1979), a Dutch physicist and inventor. There are two classical
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remain at the position of loudspeaker 1. This mislocalization remains, even if the test supervisor plugs off the cables of loudspeaker 1 demonstratively.
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93:, if there are fast signal changes or signal onsets. (Loudspeaker 1 was correctly localized at the beginning of the experiment.)
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Algorithms for direction specific
Processing of Sound Signals - the Realization of a binaural Cocktail-Party-Processor-System
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to the left and right of the listener. Each is about 1 meter in distance from the listener, at approximately 45° angles.
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When looking at the sound, which arrives at the listener's ears, the following situation appears:
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in reverberant sound fields. (The fade over to loudspeaker 2 was not recognized by the listeners.)
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later the sound of the wall reflections arrived and disturbed the localization of sound sources.
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At the end, when only loudspeaker 2 emitted sound, the situation was quite similar, the
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The human auditory system is not able to localize signals with a constant
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This effect gives some information about the capabilities of the
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The human auditory system is able to localize a sound source in
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Localization of sound in rooms IV: The
Franssen effect
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The left speaker suddenly begins to produce a sharp
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178:, Dissertation, Ruhr-University Bochum, chapter 8
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85:to localize sound sources in enclosed rooms:
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133:sound of the wall reflections
278:Illusory continuity of tones
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308:Risset's rhythmic effect
263:Deutsch's scale illusion
258:Constant spectrum melody
91:reverberant sound fields
325:Speech-to-song illusion
318:Deutsch tritone paradox
288:Lossy audio compression
172:Slatky, Harald (1992):
283:Illusory discontinuity
313:Shepard-Risset tone
298:Missing fundamental
203:The Franssen Effect
382:Auditory illusions
273:Glissando illusion
239:Auditory illusions
196:2012-12-22 at the
51:Franssen effect F2
32:Franssen effect F1
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361:Temporal illusion
22:auditory illusion
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356:Tactile illusion
351:Optical illusion
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330:Yanny or Laurel
303:Octave illusion
268:Franssen effect
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198:Wayback Machine
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150:Binaural fusion
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83:auditory system
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68:auditory events
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18:Franssen effect
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36:There are two
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122:milliseconds
117:reflections.
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108:experiment.)
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38:loudspeakers
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155:Haas effect
74:Conclusions
26:experiments
376:Categories
161:References
56:Experiment
387:Acoustics
98:amplitude
45:pure tone
346:Illusion
246:Examples
194:Archived
144:See also
102:spectrum
63:localize
392:Hearing
339:Related
128:phase.
20:is an
120:Some
80:human
100:and
16:The
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231:e
224:t
217:v
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