1746:
27:
135:
1193:
Barth has been an influential scholar on the subject of ethnicity. Andreas Wimmer wrote in 2008, "The comparative study of ethnicity rests firmly on the ground established by
Fredrik Barth in his well-known introduction to a collection of ethnographic case studies." As the editor of
1062:
and interpretive approaches were becoming more central, while Barth's focus on strategy and choice was being taken up by economics and related disciplines. Barth shifted to studying meaning and ritual as developed in ethnic groups, and conducted research in
1032:). It was based in Victorian folklore and museum approaches. By founding the department at Bergen, Barth hoped to create a modern, world-class department with an approach similar to those found in England and the United States.
1219:... categorical ethnic distinctions do not depend on an absence of mobility, contact and information, but do entail social processes of exclusion and incorporation whereby discrete categories are maintained
1891:
1209:
Barth parted with anthropological notions of cultures as bounded entities, and ethnicity as primordial bonds. He focused on the interface and interaction between groups that gave rise to identities.
1227:
He emphasizes the use by groups of categories - i.e. ethnic labels - that usually endure even when individual members move across boundaries or share an identity with people in more than one group.
1876:
1035:
Barth remained at Bergen from 1961 to 1972. During this time his own work developed in two key ways. First, he developed research projects inside Norway (and published a study entitled
941:, Germany to Thomas Barth, a professor of geology, and his wife Randi Thomassen. They also had a daughter. Barth and his sister grew up in Norway in an academic family. Their uncle was
1238:) and self-ascription, Barth stresses the interactional perspective of social anthropology on the level of the persons involved instead of on a socio-structural level. Ethnic identity
1881:
1234:
is a pivotal argument throughout both the introduction and the following chapters. As interdependent, ethnic identities are the product of continuous so-called ascription (Cf.
522:
1841:
1463:
Jenkins, Richard (2016). "Fredrik Barth: an ethnographer's ethnographer and a theorist's theorist: Fredrik Barth: an ethnographer's ethnographer and a theorist's theorist".
1851:
1202:
that focused on the ongoing negotiations of boundaries between groups of people. Barth's view was that such groups were not discontinuous cultural isolates, or logical
1098:
from 1997 to 2008. By this time, Barth and his wife "felt we had both done our share of physically strenuous fieldwork" and decided to begin an ethnographic project in
881:
539:
1906:
1785:
1016:
to create an anthropology department and serve as the chair. This important and prestigious position gave him the opportunity to introduce
British-style
1896:
1058:, where he became professor of social anthropology and the head of the city's Museum of Cultural History. During this period, anthropology was changing.
953:, the younger man accompanied him and decided to attend the university, enrolling in 1946. He earned an MA in paleoanthropology and archaeology in 1949.
809:
527:
1567:
1114:
1901:
829:
1039:
in 1963). Second, he began writing more purely theoretical works that secured his international reputation within anthropology. These included
1767:
1090:
Barth received a state scholarship from the
Norwegian government in 1985. He left the country to accept two positions in the United States—at
1886:
1350:
1118:
570:
1826:
874:
1759:
1871:
1861:
1831:
1866:
1337:
1324:
1311:
1298:
1278:
803:
110:
1563:
1856:
1129:
Barth was married 1949–1972 to Mary ("Molly") Allee (27 April 1926 – December 1998), and he was married again 30 January 1974 to
1029:
1846:
1836:
1051:
became his most well-known essay and "ended up among the top 100 on the social science citation index for a number of years.".
867:
665:
48:
44:
1215:, which he edited, concentrates on the interconnections of ethnic identities. Barth writes in his introduction (p. 9):
91:
1102:. He developed an interest in the anthropology of knowledge at around this time, an interest which he explored in his book
504:
63:
1141:(1921–2011), also an academic, and she was married again in 1963 to the Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party
375:
70:
1911:
969:
836:
37:
1624:
1437:
492:
956:
After receiving his MA, Barth returned to Norway, keeping a connection to
Chicago faculty. In 1951 he joined an
1801:
1679:
77:
793:
556:
1267:
783:
360:
291:
282:
59:
1398:
1235:
1174:
1170:
964:. Barth stayed on after the expedition was over, and conducted ethnographic population studies with the
950:
857:
645:
198:
1781:
video interview of
Fredrik Barth from Alan Macfarlane's FILMS OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL AND OTHER "ANCESTORS"
1821:
1816:
1697:
Wimmer, Andreas (2008). "The Making and
Unmaking of Ethnic Boundaries: A Multilevel Process Theory".
1013:
914:
650:
625:
380:
253:
207:
1161:
of northern
Pakistan, and his study of micro-economic processes and entrepreneurship in the area of
982:
as his Ph.D. dissertation, but was unsuccessful in doing so. He continued graduate study, moving to
1017:
942:
898:
853:
1722:
1304:
Cosmologies in the making : a generative approach to cultural variation in inner New Guinea.
1134:
1021:
926:
922:
910:
788:
690:
620:
409:
346:
296:
1593:
1714:
1629:
1442:
1403:
1346:
1333:
1320:
1307:
1294:
1274:
1138:
1095:
1068:
1001:. Shortly afterwards he was part of a UNESCO study of pastoral nomadism, which focused on the
906:
615:
600:
595:
249:
1177:. During his long career, Barth has also published acclaimed studies based on field works in
1137:, Norway. His sister Tone Barth (25 January 1924 – 10 October 1980) was married 1945–1963 to
1706:
1516:
1512:
1472:
1185:, and several countries in the Middle East, thematically covering a wide array of subjects.
1154:
1091:
1064:
961:
918:
760:
750:
730:
720:
260:
1775:
990:, whom he had previously worked with at the LSE. For his PhD, Barth conducted fieldwork in
905:
books with a clear formalist view. He was a professor in the
Department of Anthropology at
84:
1158:
1142:
798:
755:
710:
695:
640:
390:
322:
317:
163:
1656:
1571:
1258:« L’anthropologue nomade : Biographie intellectuelle de Frederik Barth »
991:
965:
957:
745:
735:
725:
670:
463:
1776:
Barth, Fredrik (born 1928) - Entry in the AnthroBase Online
Dictionary of Anthropology
1810:
1751:
740:
675:
635:
630:
498:
458:
453:
439:
429:
424:
327:
1780:
1726:
1231:
1025:
987:
715:
705:
700:
660:
655:
605:
404:
385:
265:
239:
1651:
1223:
changing participation and membership in the course of individual life histories.
902:
685:
680:
26:
1741:
1543:
1541:
1182:
1130:
1080:
1075:(1975). He also continued studies in the Middle East, conducting fieldwork in
577:
370:
365:
222:
1718:
1619:
1432:
1199:
1045:
Ethnic Groups and
Boundaries: The Social Organization of Cultural Difference
983:
946:
765:
434:
337:
1343:
Ethnic groups and boundaries. The social organization of culture difference
1242:
and is maintained through relational processes of inclusion and exclusion.
134:
419:
1795:
1257:
949:
and human origins. When his father was invited to give a lecture at the
1476:
1145:(1921–2001). Barth died in Norway on 24 January 2016 at the age of 87.
1059:
1002:
938:
341:
159:
1262:
BEROSE - International Encyclopaedia of the Histories of Anthropology
1792:
BEROSE - International Encyclopaedia of the Histories of Anthropology
1363:
Nomads of South-Persia; the Basseri tribe of the Khamseh Confederacy.
1162:
1107:
1005:
in what is now Iran. From this work, he published the 1961 monograph
997:
1710:
1166:
972:(LSE) writing up this data, and in 1953 published his first book,
414:
332:
202:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1486:
945:, a professor of zoology. Fredrik Barth developed an interest in
1503:
Barth, Fredrik (2007). "Overview: Sixty Years of Anthropology".
1178:
1099:
1076:
1055:
1037:
The Role of the Entrepreneur in Social Change in Northern Norway
1020:
to Norway. The only other existing anthropology program, at the
1393:
211:
20:
978:
Barth had originally planned to submit the manuscript of his
1071:. He published several works from these studies, namely the
1117:. In 1997 he was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the
917:(where he founded the Department of Social Anthropology),
1169:. The latter has been regarded as a classical example of
1106:(1993). More recently, he has also conducted research in
1791:
1786:"Overview: Sixty Years in Anthropology" by Fredrik Barth
974:
Principles of Social Organization in Southern Kurdistan.
1892:
Members of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
1330:
Ritual and knowledge among the Baktaman of New Guinea.
994:; his completed dissertation was published in 1959 as
1073:
Ritual and Knowledge among the Baktaman of New Guinea
897:(22 December 1928 – 24 January 2016) was a Norwegian
1877:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1198:(1969), Barth outlined an approach to the study of
259:
245:
235:
218:
194:
186:
170:
141:
125:
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1534:. Oslo: Universitetsbiblioteket, Oslo. p. 7.
1319:Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983.
1760:Los grupos Ă©tnicos y sus fronteras. IntroducciĂłn
1359:. London, Royal Anthropological Institute, 1966.
1153:He was well known among anthropologists for his
1043:(1966) and especially the small, edited volume,
1353:(Reissued Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press, 1998)
1024:, was older and connected to the university's
1306:Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.
875:
8:
1882:Corresponding fellows of the British Academy
1660:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Aschehoug. p. 470
1317:Sohar, culture and society in an Omani town.
1293:Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.
909:, and previously held professorships at the
1085:Sohar: Culture and Society in an Omani Town
1842:Academic staff of the University of Bergen
1133:, professor of social anthropology at the
882:
868:
810:Network Analysis and Ethnographic Problems
276:
133:
122:
1768:Los Pathanes: su identidad y conservaciĂłn
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
1852:Academic staff of the University of Oslo
1568:Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
1371:. London : The Athlone Press, 1959.
1271:Fredrik Barth: An intellectual biography
1115:Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
1067:, where he conducted fieldwork with the
1599:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1594:"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter B"
1552:. Oslo: Universitetsbiblioteket i Oslo.
1517:10.1146/annurev.anthro.36.081406.094407
1381:
1369:Political leadership among Swat Pathans
1157:analysis of political processes in the
830:Political and Legal Anthropology Review
290:
1564:"Gruppe 2: Kulturfag og estetiske fag"
486:Societies without hierarchical leaders
1790:Resources related to research :
1618:Siverts, Henning (13 February 2009).
1431:Siverts, Henning (13 February 2009).
1426:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1387:
1385:
1119:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
7:
1345:. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 1969.
49:adding citations to reliable sources
16:Norwegian anthropologist (1928–2016)
1083:. This resulted in his 1983 volume
968:population. He spent a year at the
1907:Norwegian expatriates in Indonesia
1620:"Fredrik Barth Extended Biography"
1433:"Fredrik Barth Extended Biography"
1392:Rosvold, Knut A. (9 August 2012).
1332:Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 1975.
1206:to which people naturally belong.
1012:In 1961, Barth was invited to the
14:
1897:Norwegian expatriates in Pakistan
1365:Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 1962.
1273:University of Chicago Press 2015
980:Principles of Social Organization
804:Political economy in anthropology
1744:
1047:(1969). Barth's introduction to
996:Political Leadership among Swat
25:
1798:, Paris, 2017. (ISSN 2648-2770)
1650:Steenstrup, Bjørn, ed. (1973).
36:needs additional citations for
1902:Norwegian expatriates in Sudan
666:Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges
1:
1796:"Barth, Fredrik (1928-2016)"
1699:American Journal of Sociology
1550:Fredrik Barth: A Bibliography
1532:Fredrik Barth: A Bibliography
1505:Annual Review of Anthropology
1357:Models of social organization
1041:Models of Social Organization
837:Journal of Legal Anthropology
505:The Art of Not Being Governed
1887:Members of Academia Europaea
1802:Bergen Open Research Archive
1213:Ethnic Groups and Boundaries
1196:Ethnic Groups and Boundaries
1149:Main ideas and contributions
1049:Ethnic Groups and Boundaries
1827:Anthropologists of religion
895:Thomas Fredrik Weybye Barth
146:Thomas Fredrik Weybye Barth
1928:
1872:Harvard University faculty
1256:Lewis, Herbert S. (2017).
1113:Barth was a member of the
1030:Museum of Cultural History
970:London School of Economics
960:expedition to Iraq led by
843:Journal of Law and Society
563:Colonialism and resistance
1862:Boston University faculty
1832:Norwegian anthropologists
1625:Norsk Biografisk Leksikon
1548:Anderson, Astrid (2012).
1530:Anderson, Astrid (2012).
1438:Norsk Biografisk Leksikon
1394:"Fredrik Barth Biography"
933:Biography and major works
517:Non-western state systems
493:African Political Systems
271:
228:
132:
1867:Emory University faculty
1230:The inter-dependency of
986:, England to study with
1857:Scholars of nationalism
1465:Nations and Nationalism
1094:from 1989 to 1996, and
1054:In 1974 Barth moved to
542:and the State in Africa
1847:Transactional analysis
1837:Social anthropologists
1680:"Fredrik Barth er død"
1628:(in Norwegian). Oslo:
1268:Thomas Hylland Eriksen
1225:
1007:Nomads of South Persia
901:who published several
784:Circumscription theory
571:Europe and the People
540:Technology, Tradition,
1399:Store Norske Leksikon
1285:Selected bibliography
1236:Ascriptive inequality
1217:
1175:economic anthropology
951:University of Chicago
925:. He was appointed a
899:social anthropologist
858:cultural anthropology
646:E. E. Evans-Pritchard
499:Papuan Big man system
199:University of Chicago
1652:"Rosenqvist, Terkel"
1574:on 27 September 2011
1014:University of Bergen
915:University of Bergen
651:Wolfgang Fikentscher
626:Henri J. M. Claessen
381:Pantribal sodalities
254:University of Bergen
208:Cambridge University
45:improve this article
1018:social anthropology
943:Edvard Kaurin Barth
794:Left–right paradigm
1686:. 25 January 2016.
1477:10.1111/nana.12231
1135:University of Oslo
1022:University of Oslo
937:Barth was born in
927:government scholar
923:Harvard University
911:University of Oslo
789:Legal anthropology
691:Thomas Blom Hansen
621:Robert L. Carneiro
410:Segmentary lineage
347:Leveling mechanism
297:legal anthropology
1912:Himalayan studies
1630:Kunnskapsforlaget
1443:Kunnskapsforlaget
1404:Kunnskapsforlaget
1351:978-0-04-572019-4
1139:Terkel Rosenqvist
1096:Boston University
907:Boston University
892:
891:
616:Jeremy Boissevain
601:Georges Balandier
596:E. Adamson Hoebel
275:
274:
250:Boston University
230:Scientific career
121:
120:
113:
95:
1919:
1772:
1764:
1754:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1731:
1730:
1694:
1688:
1687:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1598:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1570:. Archived from
1566:(in Norwegian).
1560:
1554:
1553:
1545:
1536:
1535:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1500:
1481:
1480:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1441:(in Norwegian).
1428:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1402:(in Norwegian).
1389:
1291:Balinese worlds.
1155:Transactionalism
1092:Emory University
1065:Papua New Guinea
1028:museum (now the
962:Robert Braidwood
919:Emory University
884:
877:
870:
778:Related articles
761:Douglas R. White
751:Jonathan Spencer
731:Marshall Sahlins
721:Sally Falk Moore
277:
261:Doctoral advisor
177:
156:22 December 1928
155:
153:
137:
123:
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
53:
29:
21:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1916:
1807:
1806:
1770:
1762:
1750:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1735:
1734:
1705:(4): 970–1022.
1696:
1695:
1691:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1663:
1661:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1634:
1632:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1577:
1575:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1547:
1546:
1539:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1502:
1501:
1484:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1447:
1445:
1430:
1429:
1418:
1408:
1406:
1391:
1390:
1383:
1378:
1248:
1191:
1151:
1143:Vidkunn Hveding
1127:
1104:Balinese Worlds
935:
888:
848:
847:
824:
816:
815:
799:State formation
779:
771:
770:
756:Bjorn Thomassen
711:Elizabeth Mertz
696:Ted C. Lewellen
641:Pierre Clastres
591:
590:Major theorists
583:
582:
573:Without History
572:
541:
477:
469:
468:
391:Paramount chief
323:Achieved status
318:Ascribed status
310:Status and rank
306:
295:
252:
206:
195:Alma mater
182:
179:
175:
174:24 January 2016
166:
157:
151:
149:
148:
147:
128:
117:
106:
100:
97:
60:"Fredrik Barth"
54:
52:
42:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1925:
1923:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1765:
1756:
1755:
1739:
1738:External links
1736:
1733:
1732:
1711:10.1086/522803
1689:
1671:
1642:
1610:
1585:
1555:
1537:
1522:
1482:
1471:(3): 411–414.
1455:
1416:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1366:
1360:
1354:
1340:
1327:
1314:
1301:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1265:
1253:
1252:
1247:
1244:
1190:
1187:
1150:
1147:
1126:
1123:
1079:with his wife
992:Swat, Pakistan
958:archaeological
934:
931:
890:
889:
887:
886:
879:
872:
864:
861:
860:
850:
849:
846:
845:
840:
833:
825:
822:
821:
818:
817:
814:
813:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
780:
777:
776:
773:
772:
769:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
746:Aidan Southall
743:
738:
736:James C. Scott
733:
728:
726:Rodney Needham
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
671:Ernest Gellner
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
592:
589:
588:
585:
584:
581:
580:
575:
567:
566:
564:
560:
559:
553:
552:
550:
546:
545:
535:
534:
531:
530:
525:
519:
518:
515:
513:
509:
508:
501:
496:
488:
487:
484:
482:
478:
475:
474:
471:
470:
467:
466:
464:Ritual warfare
461:
456:
450:
449:
447:
446:Law and custom
443:
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
401:
400:
398:
394:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
357:
356:
354:
350:
349:
344:
335:
330:
325:
320:
314:
313:
311:
307:
305:Basic concepts
304:
303:
300:
299:
288:
287:
273:
272:
269:
268:
263:
257:
256:
247:
243:
242:
237:
233:
232:
226:
225:
220:
216:
215:
196:
192:
191:
188:
184:
183:
180:
178:(aged 87)
172:
168:
167:
158:
145:
143:
139:
138:
130:
129:
126:
119:
118:
33:
31:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1924:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1769:
1766:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1752:Norway portal
1742:
1737:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1693:
1690:
1685:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1659:
1658:
1657:Hvem er hvem?
1653:
1646:
1643:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1614:
1611:
1595:
1589:
1586:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1559:
1556:
1551:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1526:
1523:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1459:
1456:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1375:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1338:0-300-01816-9
1335:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1325:0-8018-2840-6
1322:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1312:0-521-34279-1
1309:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1299:0-226-03833-5
1296:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1279:9780745335360
1276:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1232:ethnic groups
1228:
1224:
1222:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1125:Personal life
1124:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
999:
993:
989:
985:
981:
976:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
954:
952:
948:
944:
940:
932:
930:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
885:
880:
878:
873:
871:
866:
865:
863:
862:
859:
855:
852:
851:
844:
841:
839:
838:
834:
832:
831:
827:
826:
820:
819:
812:
811:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
781:
775:
774:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
741:Elman Service
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
676:David Graeber
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
636:John Comaroff
634:
632:
631:Jean Comaroff
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
611:Fredrik Barth
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
593:
587:
586:
579:
576:
574:
569:
568:
565:
562:
561:
558:
555:
554:
551:
549:Legal systems
548:
547:
544:
543:
537:
536:
533:
532:
529:
526:
524:
521:
520:
516:
514:
511:
510:
507:
506:
502:
500:
497:
495:
494:
490:
489:
485:
483:
480:
479:
473:
472:
465:
462:
460:
459:Legal culture
457:
455:
454:Customary law
452:
451:
448:
445:
444:
441:
440:Theatre state
438:
436:
433:
431:
430:House society
428:
426:
425:Petty kingdom
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
402:
399:
396:
395:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
358:
355:
352:
351:
348:
345:
343:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
328:Social status
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
315:
312:
309:
308:
302:
301:
298:
293:
289:
286:
284:
279:
278:
270:
267:
264:
262:
258:
255:
251:
248:
244:
241:
238:
234:
231:
227:
224:
221:
217:
213:
209:
204:
200:
197:
193:
189:
185:
173:
169:
165:
161:
144:
140:
136:
131:
127:Fredrik Barth
124:
115:
112:
104:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62: –
61:
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
1771:(in Spanish)
1763:(in Spanish)
1702:
1698:
1692:
1683:
1674:
1662:. Retrieved
1655:
1645:
1633:. Retrieved
1623:
1613:
1601:. Retrieved
1588:
1576:. Retrieved
1572:the original
1558:
1549:
1531:
1525:
1508:
1504:
1468:
1464:
1458:
1446:. Retrieved
1436:
1407:. Retrieved
1397:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1342:
1329:
1316:
1303:
1290:
1270:
1261:
1239:
1229:
1226:
1220:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1203:
1195:
1192:
1173:analysis in
1152:
1128:
1112:
1103:
1089:
1084:
1072:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1034:
1026:ethnographic
1011:
1006:
995:
988:Edmund Leach
979:
977:
973:
955:
936:
903:ethnographic
894:
893:
842:
835:
828:
808:
716:Sidney Mintz
706:Ralph Linton
701:Edmund Leach
661:Morton Fried
656:Meyer Fortes
610:
606:F. G. Bailey
538:
503:
491:
476:Case studies
435:Ethnic group
405:Band society
280:
266:Edmund Leach
246:Institutions
240:Anthropology
229:
176:(2016-01-24)
107:
101:January 2009
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
1822:2016 deaths
1817:1928 births
1251:Biographies
1159:Swat Valley
686:Ulf Hannerz
681:Lesley Gill
187:Nationality
1811:Categories
1635:27 October
1578:28 October
1448:27 October
1409:27 October
1376:References
1246:Literature
1183:New Guinea
1131:Unni Wikan
1081:Unni Wikan
578:Cargo cult
481:Acephelous
371:Matriarchy
366:Patriarchy
353:Leadership
223:Unni Wikan
152:1928-12-22
71:newspapers
1719:0002-9602
1684:www.dn.no
1204:a prioris
1200:ethnicity
1189:Ethnicity
1171:formalist
984:Cambridge
947:evolution
929:in 1985.
766:Eric Wolf
338:Age grade
292:Political
190:Norwegian
1511:: 1–16.
1264:, Paris.
1069:Baktaman
823:Journals
420:Chiefdom
397:Polities
283:a series
281:Part of
1727:3178127
1240:becomes
1221:despite
1060:Marxism
1003:Basseri
966:Kurdish
939:Leipzig
528:Mandala
361:Big man
342:Age set
164:Germany
160:Leipzig
85:scholar
1725:
1717:
1664:2 June
1603:18 May
1349:
1336:
1323:
1310:
1297:
1277:
1163:Darfur
1108:Bhutan
998:Pathan
913:, the
854:Social
523:Negara
236:Fields
219:Spouse
181:Norway
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
1723:S2CID
1597:(PDF)
1260:, in
1167:Sudan
512:State
415:Tribe
386:Chief
376:Elder
333:Caste
92:JSTOR
78:books
1715:ISSN
1666:2011
1637:2013
1605:2011
1580:2009
1450:2013
1411:2013
1347:ISBN
1334:ISBN
1321:ISBN
1308:ISBN
1295:ISBN
1275:ISBN
1179:Bali
1100:Bali
1077:Oman
1056:Oslo
921:and
856:and
557:Kapu
171:Died
142:Born
64:news
1707:doi
1703:113
1513:doi
1473:doi
1165:in
1009:.
294:and
212:PhD
47:by
1813::
1794:.
1721:.
1713:.
1701:.
1682:.
1654:.
1622:.
1540:^
1509:36
1507:.
1485:^
1469:22
1467:.
1435:.
1419:^
1396:.
1384:^
1181:,
1121:.
1110:.
1087:.
285:on
203:MA
162:,
1729:.
1709::
1668:.
1639:.
1607:.
1582:.
1519:.
1515::
1479:.
1475::
1452:.
1413:.
883:e
876:t
869:v
340:/
214:)
210:(
205:)
201:(
154:)
150:(
114:)
108:(
103:)
99:(
89:·
82:·
75:·
68:·
41:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
