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has been fished since the 1700s, and has been a historic fishing area since. Climate change is having significant impacts on this ecosystem; between 2004 and 2013, the Gulf of Maine has warmed faster than 99.9% of the global oceans, increasing average temperature by 2 °C (3.6 °F). Having
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It is a year long closed area that prevents groundfish fishing. Fishing vessels that are using exempted gear (pelagic trawls and nets) are allowed. Vessels using a midwater trawl are allowed and may fish with a LOA from a
Regional Administrator. Because of the success of the scalloping industry,
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This area serves as habitat for fish such as cod and pollock, and cod found in these areas have a higher mean age and gut fullness. This indicates that the closed area is working, and the fish are living longer and have access to more food. With cod stock having been decreased steadily since the
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It is a year long closed area that prevents groundfish fishing. Fishing vessels that are suing exempted gear (pelagic trawls and nets) are allowed. Vessels using a midwater trawl are allowed and may fish with a LOA from a
Regional Administrator. Because of the success of the scalloping industry,
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It is a year long closed area that prevents groundfish fishing. Fishing vessels that are suing exempted gear (pelagic trawls and nets) are allowed. Vessels using a midwater trawl are allowed and may fish with a LOA from a
Regional Administrator. Because of the success of the scalloping industry,
98:
This area serves as habitat for fish such as cod and pollock, and cod found in these areas have a higher mean age and gut fullness. This indicates that the closed area is working, and the fish are living longer and have access to more food. With cod stock having been decreased steadily since the
89:
Cashes Ledge is a shallow habitat (30–33 m (98–108 ft)) known for being rocky bottom habitat, located 130 km (81 mi) off the
Northeastern US shore. It is a year long closed area that prevents groundfish fishing. Fishing vessels that are using exempted gear (pelagic trawls and
71:
It is a year long closed area that prevents groundfish fishing. Fishing vessels that are using exempted gear (pelagic trawls and nets) are allowed. Charter and recreational vessels are allowed and may fish with a Letter of
Authorization (LOA) from a Regional Administrator.
434:
Pinnegar, J.k.; Polunin, N.v.c.; Francour, P.; Badalamenti, F.; Chemello, R.; Harmelin-Vivien, M.-L.; Hereu, B.; Milazzo, M.; Zabala, M. (2000-06-01). "Trophic cascades in benthic marine ecosystems: lessons for fisheries and protected-area management".
68:) stock. WGoMAC is located off the shores of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine and is approximately 3,100 km (1,200 sq mi). It is rectangular and runs in straight lines from 42° 15' to 43° 15' North, and 69° 55' to 70° 15' West.
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Cashes Ledge
Closure Area (CL) was permanently closed in 1998, in response to overfished groundfish resources. The area boundaries of the five sided polygon that is CL run from 42° 42.5' to 43° 0.7' North, and 68° 46' to 69° 26' West.
220:
Pershing, Andrew J.; Alexander, Michael A.; Hernandez, Christina M.; Kerr, Lisa A.; Bris, Arnault Le; Mills, Katherine E.; Nye, Janet A.; Record, Nicholas R.; Scannell, Hillary A. (2015-11-13).
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nets) are allowed. Charter and recreational vessels are allowed and may fish with a Letter of
Authorization (LOA) from a Regional Administrator.
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habitat and groundfish species. The area boundaries of the four sided polygon run from 41° 00' to 42° 22' North and 66° 35.8' to 67° 20' West.
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habitat and groundfish species. The area boundaries of the four sided polygon run from 40° 45' to 41° 30' North and 68° 30' to 69° 23' West.
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habitat and groundfish species. It is rectangular and runs in straight lines from 40° 20' to 40° 50' North, and 69° 00' to 70° 20' West.
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early 1990s, having healthier and more robust fish will positively impact the ecosystem. The southern edge of CA-II is fished intensely.
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276:"Ecology and Society: Implementing the Western Gulf of Maine Area Closure: The Role and Perception of Fishers' Ecological Knowledge"
485:"A comparison of cod life-history parameters inside and outside of four year-round groundfish closed areas in New England, USA"
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dredging gear. Charter and recreational vessels are also allowed and may fish with a LOA from a
Regional Administrator.
47:(MPA) because they allow some forms of fishing and other activities to occur that would normally not be allowed in MPA.
144:, suggesting these closed areas are aiding unsustainable populations. The northern edge of CA-I is fished intensely.
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Murawski, Steven A.; Wigley, Susan E.; Fogarty, Michael J.; Rago, Paul J.; Mountain, David G. (2005-01-01).
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stocks starting in the early 1990s, managers took care to create five closure areas in the Gulf of Maine.
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The
Western Gulf of Maine Closure Area (WGoMAC) was established in 1998 in response to the decreasing
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222:"Slow adaptation in the face of rapid warming leads to collapse of the Gulf of Maine cod fishery"
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scallop fishing is allowed, as well as vessels in the groundfish
Special Access Program (SAP).
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These closed areas do not prohibit all fishing, rather they prevent the further degradation of
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early 1990s, having healthier and more robust fish will positively impact the ecosystem.
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Nantucket Lightship Closed Area (NLCA) was established in 1994 in an effort to protect
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is allowed, as well as vessels in the multispecies Special Access Program (SAP).
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363:"Northeast (NE) Multispecies Information Sheet Closed Area Regulations"
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Closed Area II (CA-II) was established in 1994 in an effort to protect
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Closed Area I (CA-I) was established in 1994 in an effort to protect
390:"Effort distribution and catch patterns adjacent to temperate MPAs"
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habitat and groundfish species. Closed areas are different than
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Nenadovic, Mateja; Johnson, Teresa; Wilson, James (2012).
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scallop fishing is allowed, as well as vessels using
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Sherwood, Graham D.; Grabowski, Jonathan H. (2016).
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533:Bodies of water of New Hampshire
528:Bodies of water of Massachusetts
178:Nantucket Lightship Closed Area
489:ICES Journal of Marine Science
394:ICES Journal of Marine Science
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407:10.1016/j.icesjms.2005.04.005
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437:Environmental Conservation
23:Gulf of Maine Closed Areas
449:10.1017/S0376892900000205
76:Cashes Ledge Closure Area
523:Bodies of water of Maine
293:10.5751/ES-04431-170120
239:10.1126/science.aac9819
502:10.1093/icesjms/fsv215
45:Marine Protected Areas
32:seen the depletion of
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538:Marine conservation
280:Ecology and Society
169:Impact on fisheries
142:yellowtail flounder
128:Impact on fisheries
94:Impact on fisheries
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548:Fisheries science
232:(6262): 809–812.
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517:Categories
303:10535/8322
207:References
183:Background
153:Background
108:Background
81:Background
56:Background
34:groundfish
457:1469-4387
416:1054-3139
248:0036-8075
197:surf clam
256:26516197
226:Science
189:benthic
159:benthic
134:haddock
114:benthic
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366:(PDF)
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