271:, Koman, and Bʼaga/Gumuz: "very few of the more widespread nominal and verbal morphological markers of Nilo-Saharan are attested in the Coman languages plus Gumuz ... Their genetic status remains debatable, mainly due to lack of more extensive data." (2008:843) And later, "In summarizing the current state of knowledge, ... the following language families or phyla can be identified — ... Mande, Songhai, Ubangian, Kadu, and the Coman languages plus Gumuz." (2008:844)
298:
Dimmendaal, Ahland & Jakobi (2019) summarize earlier work that the evidence "suggests that Gumuz and Koman may indeed form two subgroups within a broader 'Komuz' family" and that "there is some evidence that these two language families may indeed be part of a broader Nilo-Saharan phylum, albeit
294:
number system characteristic of the rest of the Nilo-Saharan language families. Ahland (2010, 2012), however, reports that with better attestation, Gumuz does indeed appear to be Nilo-Saharan, and perhaps closest to Koman. It has grammatical forms that resemble what might be expected from an
266:
Dimmendaal (2008) notes that mounting grammatical evidence has made the Nilo-Saharan proposal as a whole more sound since
Greenberg proposed it in 1963, but that such evidence has not been forthcoming for
419:
Ahland, Colleen Anne. 2004. "Linguistic variation within Gumuz: a study of the relationship between historical change and intelligibility." M.A. thesis. University of Texas at
Arlington.
207:
A comparative word list of Daatsʼiin, Northern Gumuz, and
Southern Gumuz is available in Ahland & Kelly (2014). The internal classification appears to be as follows:
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847:
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Gerrit
Dimmendaal, Colleen Ahland & Angelika Jakobi (2019) Linguistic features and typologies in languages commonly referred to as 'Nilo-Saharan',
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ancestral proto-Nilo-Saharan language. Gumuz may thus help elucidate the family, which is extremely diverse and has been difficult to substantiate.
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396:
486:
Dimmendaal, Gerrit J., 2000. "Number marking and noun categorization in Nilo- Saharan languages". Anthrolopological
Linguistics 42:214–261.
286:. Dimmendaal (2000), who tentatively included Koman within Nilo-Saharan, excluded Gumuz as an isolate, as it did not share the tripartite
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282:. However, Bender (2000) separated Gumuz as at least a distinct branch of Nilo-Saharan, and suggested that it might even be a
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Güldemann, Tom (2018). "Historical linguistics and genealogical language classification in Africa". In Güldemann, Tom (ed.).
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This "Coman plus Gumuz" is what
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383:. The World of Linguistics series. Vol. 11. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 58–444.
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There are four to five Bʼaga languages. Grammatical forms are distinct between
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video of
Colleen Ahland speaking on the classification of Koman and Gumuz
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Ahland, Colleen Anne. "The
Classification of Gumuz and Koman Languages",
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479:, 2000. "Nilo-Saharan". In Bernd Heine and Derek Nurse (eds.),
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344:, the word for 'people' in the Gumuz languages and Daatsʼiin
200:, discovered in 2013, is closest to Southern Gumuz, while
168:. They have been tentatively classified as closest to the
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367:Cambridge Handbook of African Linguistics
428:Ahland, Colleen and Eliza Kelly. 2014.
381:The Languages and Linguistics of Africa
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446:"In defence of Nilo --Saharan Saharan"
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430:Daatsʼíin-Gumuz Comparative Word list
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481:African Languages: An Introduction.
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473:workshop, Lyons, December 4, 2010
491:Language and Linguistics Compass
444:Blench, Roger (January 2023).
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62:border of Ethiopia and Sudan
483:Cambridge University Press.
471:Language Isolates in Africa
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299:outliers in the family".
68:Linguistic classification
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1403:Ethiopian sign languages
27:Not to be confused with
340:. The name comes from
857:Languages of Ethiopia
864:Official languages
330:⟨Bʼ⟩
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469:presented at the
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284:language isolate
212:Bʼaga (Gumuzic)
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311:(Wiktionary)
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290:–collective–
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239:North Gumuz
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174:Nilo-Saharan
157:
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151:
95:Subdivisions
84:
73:Nilo-Saharan
59:distribution
1184:Hamer-Banna
328:The letter
288:singulative
172:within the
1418:Categories
461:References
227:Agelo Meti
57:Geographic
1342:Nyangatom
1287:Daatsʼiin
1239:Shekkacho
1036:Daasanach
902:languages
787:Astaboran
720:Moru–Madi
407:133888593
292:plurative
230:Sira Abay
198:Daatsʼiin
180:Languages
136:Glottolog
117:Daatsʼiin
47:Ethnicity
1249:Wolaitta
1129:Bambassi
1101:Xamtanga
1056:Kambaata
988:Cushitic
973:Tigrinya
900:Regional
891:Tigrinya
710:Mangbetu
561:Ethiopia
554:branches
493:2/5:842.
369:, p. 6–7
303:See also
162:Ethiopia
143:gumu1250
1382:English
1209:Koorete
1134:Basketo
1124:Anfillo
1051:Hadiyya
1041:Dirasha
923:Argobba
918:Amharic
876:Amharic
801:Nyimang
768:Nilotic
729: ?
701: ?
688: ?
665:Songhay
658:Saharan
624: ?
616: ?
596: ?
269:Songhay
245:Mandura
242:Metemma
224:Wenbera
202:Kadallu
122:Kadallu
1387:Arabic
1317:Majang
1111:Omotic
1096:Tsamai
1091:Somali
1086:Sidamo
1076:Qimant
1066:Libido
1011:Arbore
963:Siltʼe
948:Mesqan
938:Harari
933:Gurage
886:Somali
811:Temein
796:Nubian
775:Surmic
726:Sinyar
635:region
613:Ongota
607:Kunama
602:Kuliak
405:
395:
218:Gumuz
215:Dasʼin
1352:Shabo
1347:Opuuo
1332:Mursi
1327:Murle
1322:Meʼen
1312:Kwegu
1307:Kwama
1292:Gumuz
1282:Berta
1277:Anuak
1254:Yemsa
1244:Sheko
1214:Maale
1179:Gayil
1174:Ganza
1164:Dorze
1149:Chara
1139:Bench
1071:Oromo
1061:Konso
1046:Gedeo
1031:Burji
1026:Bussa
1021:Baiso
1016:Awngi
1001:Alaba
968:Soddo
953:Muher
928:Geʽez
881:Oromo
705:Lendu
699:Kresh
685:Birri
652:Maban
642:Furan
633:Sahel
621:Shabo
587:Koman
582:Bʼaga
576:Berta
565:Sudan
403:S2CID
338:]
334:[
316:Notes
276:Komuz
166:Sudan
158:Gumuz
85:Bʼaga
79:Komuz
51:Gumuz
42:Gumuz
37:Bʼaga
1362:Uduk
1357:Suri
1337:Nuer
1302:Komo
1234:Seze
1229:Oyda
1224:Nayi
1219:Melo
1204:Karo
1199:Kafa
1189:Hozo
1159:Dizi
1154:Dime
1144:Boro
1119:Aari
1081:Saho
996:Afar
943:Inor
871:Afar
806:Tama
761:Nara
750:Daju
647:Kadu
593:Gule
450:Nisa
393:ISBN
342:ɓaga
236:Yaso
221:Guba
194:Yaso
188:and
164:and
152:The
106:Yaso
1006:Ale
978:Zay
385:doi
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448:.
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391:.
358:^
192:.
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563:-
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433:.
409:.
387::
336:ɓ
108:?
81:?
75:?
31:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.