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for men's artistic gymnastics, horizontal bar routines are dynamic presentations demonstrating "the full potential of the apparatus." They consist of the fluid connection of swinging, turning, and flight elements performed without pauses near to and far from the bar in a variety of hand grips.
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with various grips (overgrip, undergrip, dorsal grip, mixed grip), in-bar work, turns, release and regrasp skills, and a dismount. The horizontal bar is often considered one of the most exciting gymnastics events due to the power exhibited by gymnasts during giant swings and spectacular aerial
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271:(also known as the dorsal hang) is an overhand grip employed while the gymnast's legs pass through the arms into a "skin the cat" position. The overhand grip is used in giant swings, and the dorsal grip in German Giant Swings.
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248:(not to be confused with the suede leather grips worn on the hands). Each grip is commonly used for a particular set of skills. When gymnasts compete on the horizontal bar, they are often required by the
301:
or eagle grip a gymnasts hands are turned 180 degrees outward from an over grip. Thumbs are turned out, but in the opposite direction of an undergrip. This position requires flexible shoulders to swing
282:, is the opposite of the overhand grip. The palms of the hands face the gymnast. This grip is similar to the grip used in chin-ups. Forward giant swings are among the skills that use this grip.
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while performing on the bar. The current elite-level competition uses a stainless steel core rail. The gymnastics elements performed on the horizontal bar are regulated by a
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97:) bar that is rigidly held above and parallel to the floor by a system of cables and stiff vertical supports. Gymnasts typically wear suede leather
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264:, is the standard grip used for the horizontal bar. On the overhand grip, the hands circle the bar with the backs of the hands facing the gymnast.
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Gymnasts receive deductions for lack of form and errors. Specific errors on the horizontal bar include bent or separated legs, pauses, low
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in flight elements, bent arms, regrips, elements not continuing in their intended direction, and deviations from the plane of movement.
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combines the overhand and underhand grips with one hand in each position. This grip can be used to gain more height on release skills.
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Height: 278 cm (109 in) (including about 30 cm (12 in) landing mats)
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A horizontal bar routine should contain at least one element from all element groups:
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This article is about the gymnastic apparatus. For the typographic symbols, see
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105:. A bar routine, which is a sequence of several bar skills, usually includes
62:
158:
The mechanical dimensions of the horizontal bar apparatus are specified in
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82:
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61:
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6th ed., (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1977), 200.
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31:
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772:
Olympic
Champions in Artistic Gymnastics – Men's Horizontal Bar
744:
600:
184:
1494:
World
Champions in Artistic Gymnastics – Men's Horizontal Bar
114:
or twists and, in some cases, airborne travel over the bar.
44:"High bar" redirects here. For the Canadian government, see
146:, which in turn inspired further use and development by
110:
releases and dismounts that frequently include multiple
244:
How a gymnast grasps the horizontal bar is called the
522:
Mitchell, Debby; Davis, Barbara; Lopez, Raim (2002).
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635:
523:
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490:, (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1966), 42.
176:Diameter of the bar: 2.8 cm (1.1 in)
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89:. It traditionally consists of a cylindrical
8:
460:International Federation of Gymnastics (FIG)
212:. There might be a discussion about this on
27:Apparatus used in men's artistic gymnastics
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1471:
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427:. London: Stanley Paul & Co. pp.
361:I. Long hang swings with and without turns
508:Newton C. Loken and Robert J. Willoughby,
232:Learn how and when to remove this message
560:
558:
556:
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453:"Apparatus Norms for gymnastics (2017)"
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312:
138:. It was introduced into gymnastics by
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546:gymnastics horizontal bar mixed grip.
526:Teaching Fundamental Gymnastics Skills
2893:
2119:
423:The Illustrated History of Gymnastics
7:
2219:
2169:
2144:
2069:
1969:
1944:
140:Johann Christoph Friedrich GutsMuths
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510:The Complete Book of Gymnastics,
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173:Length: 240 cm (94 in)
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122:The horizontal bar was used by
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367:III. In bar and Adler elements
18:Gymnastics horizontal high bar
1:
2948:Sports originating in Germany
2943:Artistic gymnastics apparatus
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2019:
1994:
486:Bill Sands and Mike Conklin,
462:. 2019-07-20. Archived from
403:Butterworth, Horace (1902),
353:International level routines
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530:. Human Kinetics. pp.
488:Everybody's Gymnastics Book
2964:
78:, is an apparatus used by
29:
1500:
789:
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144:Gymnastik fĂĽr die Jugend
630:apparatus and equipment
419:Goodbody, John (1982).
252:to use specific grips.
66:A bar grip (front view)
708:Equipment and uniforms
499:Sands and Conklin, 42.
67:
59:
148:Friedrich Ludwig Jahn
65:
58:at the horizontal bar
54:
46:High Bar First Nation
941:Aleksanteri Saarvala
202:confusing or unclear
74:, also known as the
805:Hermann Weingärtner
628:Artistic gymnastics
566:"MAG CoP 2022-2024"
364:II. Flight elements
210:clarify the section
134:and on through the
87:artistic gymnastics
2214:Dmitry Bilozerchev
2164:Dmitry Bilozerchev
2139:Aleksandr Tkachyov
1568:Gustave Charmoille
406:The Horizontal Bar
346:FIG Code of Points
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60:
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2313:Hrihoriy Misyutin
2089:Shigeru Kasamatsu
1839:Heikki Savolainen
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636:Women's apparatus
375:Scoring and rules
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142:in his 1793 book
16:(Redirected from
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2014:Akinori Nakayama
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1397:Fabian HambĂĽchen
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1215:Vladimir Artemov
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1146:Mitsuo Tsukahara
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1123:Mitsuo Tsukahara
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1079:Akinori Nakayama
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56:Fabian HambĂĽchen
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2913:Daiki Hashimoto
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2813:Epke Zonderland
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2738:Epke Zonderland
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2713:Epke Zonderland
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2663:Zhang Chenglong
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1867:
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1684:
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1678:
1677:
1670:
1660:
1658:
1645:
1635:
1633:
1620:
1617:Joseph Martinez
1610:
1608:
1595:
1592:František Erben
1585:
1583:
1579:
1578:
1571:
1561:
1559:
1546:
1536:
1534:
1521:
1518:Joseph Martinez
1511:
1509:
1496:
1491:
1461:
1456:
1455:
1446:
1437:
1423:
1420:Daiki Hashimoto
1414:
1400:
1391:
1377:
1374:Epke Zonderland
1368:
1354:
1345:
1331:
1322:
1308:
1299:
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1276:
1262:
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1239:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1218:
1209:
1195:
1186:
1172:
1169:Stoyan Deltchev
1163:
1149:
1140:
1126:
1117:
1103:
1100:Mikhail Voronin
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1090:
1089:
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1073:
1059:
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1027:
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1004:
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981:
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843:
839:
838:
831:
822:
808:
799:
785:
774:
769:
739:
734:
703:
667:Men's apparatus
662:
631:
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594:
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583:
579:
568:
564:
563:
552:
542:
521:
520:
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466:
455:
451:
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401:
394:
389:
377:
370:IV. Dismounts
355:
342:
335:
332:
323:
320:
238:
227:
221:
218:
207:
194:
190:
183:
164:Apparatus Norms
156:
120:
49:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2961:
2959:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2935:
2934:
2928:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2898:
2873:
2848:
2838:Arthur Mariano
2823:
2798:
2773:
2763:KĹŤhei Uchimura
2748:
2723:
2698:
2673:
2648:
2623:
2598:
2588:Philippe Rizzo
2573:
2548:
2523:
2498:
2473:
2463:JesĂşs Carballo
2448:
2438:Jani Tanskanen
2423:
2413:JesĂşs Carballo
2398:
2388:Andreas Wecker
2373:
2363:Vitaly Scherbo
2348:
2338:Sergey Kharkov
2323:
2298:
2249:
2224:
2199:
2174:
2149:
2124:
2099:
2074:
2049:
2024:
1999:
1974:
1964:Boris Shakhlin
1949:
1924:
1914:Paavo Aaltonen
1899:
1889:Michael Reusch
1874:
1849:
1824:
1799:
1774:
1701:
1652:
1627:
1602:
1553:
1528:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1482:
1475:
1467:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1443:Shinnosuke Oka
1430:
1407:
1384:
1361:
1338:
1315:
1292:
1282:Andreas Wecker
1269:
1246:
1202:
1192:Shinji Morisue
1179:
1156:
1133:
1110:
1066:
1056:Boris Shakhlin
1043:
1020:
997:
974:
951:
928:
905:
882:
859:
815:
791:
790:
787:
786:
779:
776:
775:
770:
768:
767:
760:
753:
745:
736:
735:
733:
732:
727:
722:
717:
711:
709:
705:
704:
702:
701:
699:Horizontal bar
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
670:
668:
664:
663:
661:
660:
655:
650:
645:
639:
637:
633:
632:
626:
624:
623:
616:
609:
601:
593:
592:
550:
540:
514:
501:
492:
479:
444:
437:
411:
391:
390:
388:
385:
376:
373:
372:
371:
368:
365:
362:
354:
351:
341:
338:
337:
336:
333:
326:
324:
321:
314:
311:
310:
303:
291:underhand grip
283:
280:underhand grip
272:
265:
250:Code of Points
240:
239:
197:
195:
188:
182:
179:
178:
177:
174:
171:
155:
152:
128:ancient Greece
119:
116:
103:Code of Points
72:horizontal bar
40:Inference line
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2960:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2914:
2902:
2899:
2889:
2877:
2874:
2864:
2852:
2849:
2839:
2827:
2824:
2814:
2802:
2799:
2789:
2777:
2774:
2764:
2752:
2749:
2739:
2727:
2724:
2714:
2702:
2699:
2689:
2677:
2674:
2664:
2652:
2649:
2639:
2627:
2624:
2614:
2602:
2599:
2589:
2577:
2574:
2564:
2552:
2549:
2539:
2527:
2524:
2514:
2513:Vlasios Maras
2502:
2499:
2489:
2488:Vlasios Maras
2477:
2474:
2464:
2452:
2449:
2439:
2427:
2424:
2414:
2402:
2399:
2389:
2377:
2374:
2364:
2352:
2349:
2339:
2327:
2324:
2314:
2302:
2299:
2289:
2265:
2253:
2250:
2240:
2228:
2225:
2215:
2203:
2200:
2190:
2178:
2175:
2165:
2153:
2150:
2140:
2128:
2125:
2115:
2103:
2100:
2090:
2078:
2075:
2065:
2053:
2050:
2040:
2039:Eizo Kenmotsu
2028:
2025:
2015:
2003:
2000:
1990:
1978:
1975:
1965:
1953:
1950:
1940:
1928:
1925:
1915:
1903:
1900:
1890:
1878:
1875:
1865:
1853:
1850:
1840:
1828:
1825:
1815:
1803:
1800:
1790:
1778:
1775:
1765:
1741:
1717:
1705:
1702:
1692:
1668:
1656:
1653:
1643:
1631:
1628:
1618:
1606:
1603:
1593:
1569:
1557:
1554:
1544:
1532:
1529:
1519:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1488:
1483:
1481:
1476:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1450:
1444:
1434:
1431:
1427:
1421:
1411:
1408:
1404:
1398:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1375:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1352:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1329:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1306:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1283:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1260:
1250:
1247:
1243:
1237:
1236:Valeri Liukin
1222:
1216:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1170:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1147:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1124:
1114:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1086:
1080:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1057:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1011:
1001:
998:
994:
988:
987:Jack GĂĽnthard
978:
975:
971:
965:
964:Josef Stalder
955:
952:
948:
942:
932:
929:
925:
919:
918:Dallas Bixler
909:
906:
902:
896:
886:
883:
879:
873:
863:
860:
856:
850:
849:Edward Hennig
835:
829:
819:
816:
812:
806:
796:
793:
792:
788:
784:
783:
777:
773:
766:
761:
759:
754:
752:
747:
746:
743:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
712:
710:
706:
700:
697:
695:
694:Parallel bars
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
671:
669:
665:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
640:
638:
634:
629:
622:
617:
615:
610:
608:
603:
602:
599:
578:
574:
567:
561:
559:
557:
555:
551:
547:
543:
541:9780736001243
537:
533:
528:
527:
518:
515:
511:
505:
502:
496:
493:
489:
483:
480:
469:on 2019-07-20
465:
461:
454:
448:
445:
440:
438:0-09-143350-9
434:
430:
425:
424:
415:
412:
408:
407:
399:
397:
393:
386:
384:
382:
374:
369:
366:
363:
360:
359:
358:
352:
350:
347:
339:
334:Overhand grip
330:
325:
318:
313:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
281:
277:
273:
270:
266:
263:
259:
258:overhand grip
255:
254:
253:
251:
247:
236:
233:
225:
215:
214:the talk page
211:
205:
203:
198:This section
196:
187:
186:
180:
175:
172:
169:
168:
167:
165:
161:
153:
151:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
117:
115:
113:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
81:
77:
73:
64:
57:
53:
47:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2888:Brody Malone
2264:Ralf BĂĽchner
1864:Ernst Winter
1814:István Pelle
1789:Leon Ĺ tukelj
1764:Leon Ĺ tukelj
1691:Marco Torrès
1328:Igor Cassina
1305:Alexei Nemov
895:Georges Miez
872:Leon Ĺ tukelj
780:
698:
679:Pommel horse
653:Balance beam
584:. Retrieved
545:
525:
517:
509:
504:
495:
487:
482:
471:. Retrieved
464:the original
459:
447:
422:
414:
405:
378:
356:
343:
306:
302:comfortably.
298:
294:
290:
286:
279:
276:reverse grip
275:
268:
262:regular grip
261:
257:
245:
243:
228:
219:
208:Please help
199:
163:
157:
143:
121:
75:
71:
69:
36:Fraction bar
2563:AljaĹľ Pegan
2288:Li Chunyang
2239:Li Chunyang
2114:Kurt Thomas
1989:Takashi Ono
1543:Marcel Lalu
1259:Trent Dimas
1033:Takashi Ono
1010:Takashi Ono
828:Anton Heida
684:Still rings
648:Uneven bars
289:is also an
269:dorsal grip
222:August 2012
136:Middle Ages
93:(typically
2937:Categories
1740:Peter Ĺ umi
1667:Josef ÄŚada
1642:Josef ÄŚada
586:2021-08-26
473:2019-07-20
387:References
344:Under the
322:Mixed grip
307:mixed grip
204:to readers
166:brochure:
154:Dimensions
2788:Tin Srbić
381:amplitude
150:in 1811.
2863:Hu Xuwei
2189:Tong Fei
730:Uniforms
577:Archived
340:Routines
293:, In an
124:acrobats
83:gymnasts
76:high bar
2688:Zou Kai
2638:Zou Kai
1351:Zou Kai
782:Summary
200:may be
118:History
2915:
2910:
2890:
2885:
2865:
2860:
2840:
2835:
2815:
2810:
2790:
2785:
2765:
2760:
2740:
2735:
2715:
2710:
2690:
2685:
2665:
2660:
2640:
2635:
2615:
2610:
2590:
2585:
2565:
2560:
2540:
2535:
2515:
2510:
2490:
2485:
2465:
2460:
2440:
2435:
2415:
2410:
2390:
2385:
2365:
2360:
2340:
2335:
2315:
2310:
2290:
2285:
2278:
2266:
2261:
2241:
2236:
2216:
2211:
2191:
2186:
2166:
2161:
2141:
2136:
2116:
2111:
2091:
2086:
2066:
2061:
2041:
2036:
2016:
2011:
1991:
1986:
1966:
1961:
1941:
1936:
1916:
1911:
1891:
1886:
1866:
1861:
1841:
1836:
1816:
1811:
1791:
1786:
1766:
1761:
1754:
1742:
1737:
1730:
1718:
1713:
1693:
1688:
1681:
1669:
1664:
1644:
1639:
1619:
1614:
1594:
1589:
1582:
1570:
1565:
1545:
1540:
1520:
1515:
1445:
1441:
1422:
1418:
1399:
1395:
1376:
1372:
1353:
1349:
1330:
1326:
1307:
1303:
1284:
1280:
1261:
1257:
1238:
1234:
1217:
1213:
1194:
1190:
1171:
1167:
1148:
1144:
1125:
1121:
1102:
1098:
1081:
1077:
1058:
1054:
1035:
1031:
1012:
1008:
989:
985:
966:
962:
943:
939:
920:
916:
897:
893:
874:
870:
851:
847:
830:
826:
807:
803:
715:Braces
538:
435:
299:L-Grip
295:elgrip
287:elgrip
107:giants
38:, and
1227:1988:
1091:1968:
840:1904:
720:Grips
689:Vault
674:Floor
658:Floor
643:Vault
580:(PDF)
569:(PDF)
467:(PDF)
456:(PDF)
431:–18.
260:, or
181:Grips
112:flips
99:grips
95:steel
91:metal
2901:2023
2876:2022
2851:2021
2826:2019
2801:2018
2776:2017
2751:2015
2726:2014
2701:2013
2676:2011
2651:2010
2626:2009
2601:2007
2576:2006
2551:2005
2526:2003
2501:2002
2476:2001
2451:1999
2426:1997
2401:1996
2376:1995
2351:1994
2326:1993
2301:1992
2276:1991
2252:1991
2227:1989
2202:1987
2177:1985
2152:1983
2127:1981
2102:1979
2077:1978
2052:1974
2027:1970
2002:1966
1977:1962
1952:1958
1927:1954
1902:1950
1877:1938
1852:1934
1827:1931
1802:1930
1777:1926
1752:1913
1728:1913
1704:1922
1679:1913
1655:1913
1630:1911
1605:1909
1580:1907
1556:1907
1531:1905
1506:1903
1433:2024
1410:2020
1387:2016
1364:2012
1341:2008
1318:2004
1295:2000
1272:1996
1249:1992
1205:1988
1182:1984
1159:1980
1136:1976
1113:1972
1069:1968
1046:1964
1023:1960
1000:1956
977:1952
954:1948
931:1936
908:1932
885:1928
862:1924
818:1904
795:1896
725:Mats
536:ISBN
433:ISBN
305:The
285:The
278:and
274:The
256:The
246:grip
132:Rome
130:and
80:male
70:The
32:Dash
2919:JPN
2894:USA
2869:CHN
2844:BRA
2819:NED
2794:CRO
2769:JPN
2744:NED
2719:NED
2694:CHN
2669:CHN
2644:CHN
2619:GER
2594:AUS
2569:SLO
2544:JPN
2519:GRE
2494:GRE
2469:ESP
2444:FIN
2419:ESP
2394:GER
2369:BLR
2344:RUS
2319:CIS
2294:CHN
2270:GER
2245:CHN
2220:URS
2195:CHN
2170:URS
2145:URS
2120:USA
2095:JPN
2070:FRG
2045:JPN
2020:JPN
1995:JPN
1970:URS
1945:URS
1920:FIN
1895:SUI
1870:GER
1845:FIN
1820:HUN
1795:YUG
1770:YUG
1746:TCH
1722:TCH
1697:FRA
1673:BOH
1648:BOH
1623:FRA
1598:BOH
1574:FRA
1549:FRA
1524:FRA
1449:JPN
1426:JPN
1403:GER
1380:NED
1357:CHN
1334:ITA
1311:RUS
1288:GER
1265:USA
1242:URS
1221:URS
1198:JPN
1175:BUL
1152:JPN
1129:JPN
1106:URS
1085:JPN
1062:URS
1039:JPN
1016:JPN
993:SUI
970:SUI
947:FIN
924:USA
901:SUI
878:YUG
855:USA
834:USA
811:GER
573:FIG
532:237
297:or
162:'s
160:FIG
126:in
85:in
2939::
2903::
2878::
2853::
2828::
2803::
2778::
2753::
2728::
2703::
2678::
2653::
2628::
2603::
2578::
2553::
2528::
2503::
2478::
2453::
2428::
2403::
2378::
2353::
2328::
2303::
2254::
2229::
2204::
2179::
2154::
2129::
2104::
2079::
2054::
2029::
2004::
1979::
1954::
1929::
1904::
1879::
1854::
1829::
1804::
1779::
1706::
1657::
1632::
1607::
1558::
1533::
1508::
1435::
1412::
1389::
1366::
1343::
1320::
1297::
1274::
1251::
1207::
1184::
1161::
1138::
1115::
1071::
1048::
1025::
1002::
979::
956::
933::
910::
887::
864::
820::
797::
575:.
571:.
553:^
544:.
534:.
458:.
429:11
395:^
267:A
34:,
2921:)
2917:(
2896:)
2892:(
2871:)
2867:(
2846:)
2842:(
2821:)
2817:(
2796:)
2792:(
2771:)
2767:(
2746:)
2742:(
2721:)
2717:(
2696:)
2692:(
2671:)
2667:(
2646:)
2642:(
2621:)
2617:(
2596:)
2592:(
2571:)
2567:(
2546:)
2542:(
2521:)
2517:(
2496:)
2492:(
2471:)
2467:(
2446:)
2442:(
2421:)
2417:(
2396:)
2392:(
2371:)
2367:(
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2342:(
2321:)
2317:(
2296:)
2292:(
2272:)
2268:(
2247:)
2243:(
2222:)
2218:(
2197:)
2193:(
2172:)
2168:(
2147:)
2143:(
2122:)
2118:(
2097:)
2093:(
2072:)
2068:(
2047:)
2043:(
2022:)
2018:(
1997:)
1993:(
1972:)
1968:(
1947:)
1943:(
1922:)
1918:(
1897:)
1893:(
1872:)
1868:(
1847:)
1843:(
1822:)
1818:(
1797:)
1793:(
1772:)
1768:(
1748:)
1744:(
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1671:(
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1646:(
1625:)
1621:(
1600:)
1596:(
1576:)
1572:(
1551:)
1547:(
1526:)
1522:(
1486:e
1479:t
1472:v
1451:)
1447:(
1428:)
1424:(
1405:)
1401:(
1382:)
1378:(
1359:)
1355:(
1336:)
1332:(
1313:)
1309:(
1290:)
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1173:(
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1104:(
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1083:(
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995:)
991:(
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968:(
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945:(
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922:(
903:)
899:(
880:)
876:(
857:)
853:(
836:)
832:(
813:)
809:(
764:e
757:t
750:v
620:e
613:t
606:v
589:.
476:.
441:.
235:)
229:(
224:)
220:(
216:.
206:.
48:.
42:.
20:)
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