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GMR-1 3G: Adds support for some new channel types, but the most important changes are in the core network, adding interoperability with UMTS core network components. Contrary to the classic cell network where
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GMR-1 is the technology used by
Thuraya. GMR-1 3G is the technology used for TerreStar and SkyTerra. GMR-2 is used by Inmarsat iSatPhonePro.
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GMR-2: Which is not an evolution of GMR-1 but rather a concurrent standard that has been developed by another group of companies.
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39:-family terrestrial digital cellular standards and supports access to GSM/UMTS core networks. It is used by
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GMPRS (GEO-Mobile Packet Radio
Service): Adding support for packet data. The equivalent of GPRS in the
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have a radically different air-interface, GMR-1 3G is still very similar to GMR-1 on the Layer 1 side.
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GMR-2 - GEO mobile radio 2 (InmarSat iSatPhonePro). Based on byte operations and 2 S-Boxes from DES.
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GMR-1: The first version of the standard and that has evolved over time into 3 different revisions:
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200:"Don't trust satellite phones – The GMR-1 and GMR-2 ciphers have been broken"
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GMR-1: The basic circuit switched model, more or less corresponding to what
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Don’t trust satellite phones – The GMR-1 and GMR-2 ciphers have been broken
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There are two widely deployed variants of GMR, both heavily modeled after
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Phase 2 is, and using exactly the same core network infrastructure.
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GMR-1 - GEO mobile radio 1 (Thuraya). Based on 4 LFSR registers.
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International
Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking
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Chini, Paolo (2009). "A survey on mobile satellite systems".
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world. Still connected to a 'Gb' style core network.
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35:. The GMR standard is derived from the
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119:Versions of standard and cipher used:
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111:GMR was developed by TIA and ETSI.
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249:ETSI Publications Download Area
210:from the original on 2023-09-23
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204:Cryptanalysis – breaking news
282:. You can help Knowledge by
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17:GEO-Mobile Radio Interface
198:Tews, Erik (2012-02-02).
21:Geostationary Earth Orbit
339:Telecommunications stubs
274:This article related to
115:Air Interface Ciphers
334:Satellite telephony
23:), better known as
276:telecommunications
237:2016-03-03 at the
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149:IEEE Xplore
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131:References
168:: 29–57.
57:TerreStar
235:Archived
208:Archived
182:40203171
53:SkyTerra
49:Inmarsat
27:, is an
232:Creonic
61:Thuraya
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278:is a
178:S2CID
329:ETSI
280:stub
244:ETSI
95:and
93:UMTS
59:and
41:ACeS
37:3GPP
29:ETSI
170:doi
97:GSM
85:GSM
78:GSM
68:GSM
45:ICO
25:GMR
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