31:
824:
139:
221:
Alexander
Cunningham, who visited them, and after cleaning the lime was able to obtain prints. The first of these were published in 1873, while the last was published in 1890 after Cunningham carefully removed all the remaining lime and cleaned the surface to find additional inscriptions. The origin of the stones is unknown. The recutting and the prior history of the pillar blocks had badly damaged most of the inscription, but preserved enough under a coat of lime.
169:
146:
225:
pattern of characters match the other faces. The back face was likely hammered and broken into two, leaving a rough edge with no text. The breaking has damaged about the last half of the all lines on the left face, and the first half of all lines on the right face. The damage extends to the top, where some number of lines have been lost.
224:
The original block was inscribed on its various faces. The structure it belonged to was demolished then likely cut into pieces, thereafter smoothened. The recovered stone has on one face only traces of 11 lines each with about 13 characters. These are too damaged to be read reliably, but the size and
220:
The inscribed stones were discovered in 1872 by R.S. Prasad on blocks inside a room of a new house built from demolished and recut stone. The house was located in Gadhwa Fort, also referred to as the Garhwa Fort, in
Allahabad district. Prasad brought these to the attention of the archaeologist
264:, the tradition of charitable feeding houses for Brahmins and the needy can be traced to the mid-2nd century CE in an Kushana era inscription. The Garhwa inscriptions, states Willis, when combined with the Bilsad and Podagarh inscriptions suggests that
268:
were attached to Hindu temples and these were charity-based community kitchens that fed the "Brahmins, wandering ascetics (sadhus) and the destitute". This endowment-driven activity was deemed to be an aspect of Hindu
235:(almshouse, charitable feeding houses) with a gift of "ten dindras". The next section is dated to 418 CE, and it states that Kumaragupta, the "worshipper of the divine one" is establishing another perpetual
919:
231:
The upper part of the inscription on the Gadhwa stone fragment 1 is dated to 408 CE. It states that
Chandragupta II the "worshipper of the divine one" is establishing a perpetual
660:
30:
1161:
924:
653:
251:
The Gadhwa stone inscription is significant in establishing a tradition of charitable giving by Indian kings and the existence of the institution of
239:
with two gifts of "ten dindras and (...)". The third decipherable section is a third grant, also by
Kumaragupta which establishes another perpetual
1020:
204:. The inscription is notable for including symbols for numerals "8, 10, 80 and 90" in the 5th-century, as well as mentioning the ancient city of
550:
523:
491:
461:
431:
404:
347:
646:
779:
1176:
1364:
1085:
138:
101:
1297:
769:
1156:
1040:
984:
257:
in early 5th-century. It also confirms that
Kumaragupta succeeded as the monarch of the Gupta Empire after Chandragupta II.
1216:
1196:
1359:
1211:
1191:
764:
1171:
959:
789:
1048:
1030:
914:
615:
1080:
883:
809:
680:
279:
was "for the benefit of brahmins" or was "established and run by the
Brahmins" financed by the king's endowment.
1053:
628:
1221:
1186:
909:
804:
1231:
784:
477:
447:
1166:
969:
1302:
1287:
1201:
1181:
994:
1070:
322:
1333:
1292:
1226:
774:
748:
594:
575:
546:
519:
487:
457:
427:
400:
394:
343:
261:
451:
337:
1369:
1206:
1123:
1090:
823:
707:
1338:
1274:
999:
949:
878:
799:
712:
632:
619:
271:
197:
36:
1321:
The above list of archaeological sites, inscriptions and temples is grossly incomplete.
1065:
1035:
1025:
954:
728:
316:
1353:
1138:
1075:
590:
Select
Inscriptions Bearing on Indian History and Civilization, Volume 1, 2nd Edition
396:
A History of
Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century
201:
185:
1148:
1133:
1060:
934:
193:
168:
588:
540:
513:
481:
421:
275:. Willis adds that the damaged Gadhwa inscriptions leaves it unclear whether the
376:
374:
298:
296:
294:
292:
205:
40:
1015:
979:
733:
638:
598:
579:
361:
359:
116:
103:
542:
The
Archaeology of Hindu Ritual: Temples and the Establishment of the Gods
515:
The
Archaeology of Hindu Ritual: Temples and the Establishment of the Gods
1128:
873:
847:
794:
669:
743:
612:
989:
974:
888:
868:
863:
253:
625:
1282:
1260:
738:
209:
964:
642:
184:, are early 5th-century CE Sanskrit inscriptions discovered in
380:
365:
302:
626:
Gadhwa Stone Inscriptions: Pillar Fragment 2, Donations 4â9
613:
Gadhwa Stone Inscriptions: Pillar Fragment 1, Donations 1â3
188:
relating to a series of charitable donations to various
545:. Cambridge University Press. p. 289 note 116.
228:
The discovered inscription is in Sanskrit in prose.
1311:
1273:
1253:
1244:
1147:
1116:
1107:
1008:
942:
933:
897:
856:
840:
831:
757:
721:
700:
689:
95:
87:
79:
71:
63:
55:
47:
23:
572:Inscriptions of the Early Gupta Kings by JF Fleet
507:
505:
503:
518:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 104â105.
654:
8:
381:DR Bhandarkar, BC Chhabra & GS Gai 1981
366:DR Bhandarkar, BC Chhabra & GS Gai 1981
321:. Benares Hindu University Press. pp.
303:DR Bhandarkar, BC Chhabra & GS Gai 1981
1250:
1113:
939:
837:
697:
661:
647:
639:
570:DR Bhandarkar; BC Chhabra; GS Gai (1981).
29:
20:
83:Gadhwa fort near Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh
16:5th century ancient inscriptions in India
167:
399:. Pearson Education. pp. 510â511.
342:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 50â51.
288:
486:. Orient Blackswan. pp. 124â125.
426:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 9â10.
7:
423:Rise and Fall of the Imperial Guptas
681:Hindu architecture and art glossary
456:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 77.
145:
1162:Brihadisvara Gangaikondacholapuram
574:. Archaeological Survey of India.
14:
243:with a gift of "twelve dindras".
822:
144:
137:
260:According to the archaeologist
483:The Fundamental Unity of India
318:The Age of the Imperial Guptas
1:
587:Dineschandra Sircar (1965).
336:Radhakumud Mookerji (1989).
670:Hindu inscriptions and arts
315:Rakhal Das Banerji (1933).
91:Kolkata Museum, West Bengal
1386:
1177:Chennakesava Somanathapura
593:. University of Calcutta.
172:The Temple in Gadhwa fort.
1329:
820:
676:
635:, Siddham, United Kingdom
622:, Siddham, United Kingdom
182:Garhwa Stone Inscriptions
178:Gadhwa Stone Inscriptions
132:
28:
24:Gadhwa Stone Inscriptions
1365:5th-century inscriptions
1021:Bateshwar Madhya Pradesh
420:Ashvini Agrawal (1989).
67:various: 408 CE - 418 CE
1167:Airavatesvara Darasuram
539:Michael Willis (2014).
512:Michael Willis (2014).
1157:Brihadisvara Thanjavur
393:Upinder Singh (2008).
173:
59:Sanskrit, Gupta script
35:Gadhwa inscription of
1217:Jageshwar Uttarakhand
1182:Hoysaleswara Halebidu
631:20 April 2021 at the
618:20 April 2021 at the
171:
1254:Archaeological sites
1192:Nataraja Chidambaram
1117:Archaeological sites
857:Archaeological sites
722:Archaeological sites
478:Radha Kumud Mookerji
1360:Indian inscriptions
1303:Hinduism by country
1172:Chennakeshava Belur
1081:Sirpur Chhattisgarh
1076:Mahabalipuram Group
448:Radhakumud Mookerji
158:Gadhwa fort (India)
117:25.2262°N 81.5860°E
113: /
1045:Alampur Telangana
1031:Chaturbhuj Gwalior
770:Hathibada Ghosundi
174:
1347:
1346:
1322:
1314:
1269:
1268:
1240:
1239:
1207:Dewark Sun Temple
1103:
1102:
1099:
1098:
818:
817:
775:Heliodorus pillar
749:Pandu Rajar Dhibi
552:978-1-107-46016-4
525:978-1-107-46016-4
493:978-81-8028-005-4
463:978-81-208-0440-1
433:978-81-208-0592-7
406:978-81-317-1677-9
383:, pp. 36â39.
349:978-81-208-0089-2
305:, pp. 36â41.
166:
165:
1377:
1320:
1312:
1298:Pilgrimage sites
1251:
1114:
1016:Pattadakal Group
940:
838:
826:
780:Lakulisa Mathura
708:Didarganj Yakshi
698:
663:
656:
649:
640:
602:
583:
557:
556:
536:
530:
529:
509:
498:
497:
474:
468:
467:
453:The Gupta Empire
444:
438:
437:
417:
411:
410:
390:
384:
378:
369:
363:
354:
353:
339:The Gupta Empire
333:
327:
326:
312:
306:
300:
192:(almshouses) by
148:
147:
141:
128:
127:
125:
124:
123:
122:25.2262; 81.5860
118:
114:
111:
110:
109:
106:
88:Present location
75:Gupta Empire era
33:
21:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1343:
1325:
1307:
1265:
1246:
1236:
1222:Sasbahu Gwalior
1202:Modhera Gujarat
1143:
1109:
1095:
1066:Somnath Gujarat
1036:Masrur Himachal
1004:
1000:Elephanta Caves
950:Udayagiri Caves
929:
925:Mandasor Pillar
893:
879:Chandraketugarh
852:
841:Arts, sculpture
833:
827:
814:
790:Mountain Temple
753:
717:
713:Pompeii Lakshmi
701:Arts, sculpture
693:
691:
685:
672:
667:
633:Wayback Machine
620:Wayback Machine
609:
586:
569:
566:
561:
560:
553:
538:
537:
533:
526:
511:
510:
501:
494:
476:
475:
471:
464:
446:
445:
441:
434:
419:
418:
414:
407:
392:
391:
387:
379:
372:
364:
357:
350:
335:
334:
330:
314:
313:
309:
301:
290:
285:
249:
218:
198:Chandragupta II
162:
161:
160:
159:
156:
155:
154:
153:
149:
121:
119:
115:
112:
107:
104:
102:
100:
99:
43:
37:Chandragupta II
17:
12:
11:
5:
1383:
1381:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1352:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1323:
1317:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1279:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1257:
1255:
1248:
1247:(1400-1799 CE)
1242:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1234:
1232:Jagannath Puri
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1153:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1120:
1118:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1071:Dwarka Gujarat
1068:
1063:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1026:Teli ka Mandir
1023:
1018:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
985:Mandasor Shiva
982:
977:
972:
970:Nachna Parvati
967:
962:
957:
952:
946:
944:
937:
931:
930:
928:
927:
922:
920:Mandasor Stone
917:
915:Vadathika Cave
912:
907:
901:
899:
895:
894:
892:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
860:
858:
854:
853:
851:
850:
844:
842:
835:
829:
828:
821:
819:
816:
815:
813:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
761:
759:
755:
754:
752:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
725:
723:
719:
718:
716:
715:
710:
704:
702:
695:
687:
686:
684:
683:
677:
674:
673:
668:
666:
665:
658:
651:
643:
637:
636:
623:
608:
607:External links
605:
604:
603:
584:
565:
562:
559:
558:
551:
531:
524:
499:
492:
469:
462:
439:
432:
412:
405:
385:
370:
355:
348:
328:
307:
287:
286:
284:
281:
262:Michael Willis
248:
245:
217:
214:
164:
163:
157:
151:
150:
143:
142:
136:
135:
134:
133:
130:
129:
97:
93:
92:
89:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
73:
72:Period/culture
69:
68:
65:
61:
60:
57:
53:
52:
49:
45:
44:
39:(left) and of
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1382:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1328:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1288:Denominations
1286:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1243:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1187:Udupi Krishna
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1140:
1139:Somanathapura
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1112:
1110:(900-1299 CE)
1106:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1041:Lakshana Devi
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
955:Bhumara Shiva
953:
951:
948:
947:
945:
941:
938:
936:
932:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
902:
900:
896:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
861:
859:
855:
849:
846:
845:
843:
839:
836:
830:
825:
811:
810:Vasu Doorjamb
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
762:
760:
756:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
726:
724:
720:
714:
711:
709:
706:
705:
703:
699:
696:
688:
682:
679:
678:
675:
671:
664:
659:
657:
652:
650:
645:
644:
641:
634:
630:
627:
624:
621:
617:
614:
611:
610:
606:
600:
596:
592:
591:
585:
581:
577:
573:
568:
567:
563:
554:
548:
544:
543:
535:
532:
527:
521:
517:
516:
508:
506:
504:
500:
495:
489:
485:
484:
479:
473:
470:
465:
459:
455:
454:
449:
443:
440:
435:
429:
425:
424:
416:
413:
408:
402:
398:
397:
389:
386:
382:
377:
375:
371:
368:, p. 37.
367:
362:
360:
356:
351:
345:
341:
340:
332:
329:
324:
320:
319:
311:
308:
304:
299:
297:
295:
293:
289:
282:
280:
278:
274:
273:
267:
263:
258:
256:
255:
246:
244:
242:
238:
234:
229:
226:
222:
215:
213:
211:
207:
203:
202:Kumaragupta I
199:
195:
191:
187:
186:Uttar Pradesh
183:
179:
170:
140:
131:
126:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1134:Madan Kamdev
1061:Ellora Caves
995:Badami Caves
990:Aihole Group
905:Gadhwa Stone
904:
898:Inscriptions
834:(400-899 CE)
758:Inscriptions
589:
571:
564:Bibliography
541:
534:
514:
482:
472:
452:
442:
422:
415:
395:
388:
338:
331:
317:
310:
276:
270:
265:
259:
252:
250:
247:Significance
240:
236:
232:
230:
227:
223:
219:
194:Gupta Empire
189:
181:
177:
175:
18:
1293:Iconography
975:Tigawa Devi
965:Eran Vishnu
960:Dashavatara
910:Gopika Cave
805:Yavanarajya
216:Description
206:Pataliputra
152:Gadhwa fort
120: /
96:Coordinates
41:Kumaragupta
1354:Categories
1227:Konark Sun
1049:Navabrahma
1009:600-899 CE
943:400-599 CE
734:Bet Dwarka
690:Beginnings
283:References
108:81°35âē10âģE
105:25°13âē34âģN
80:Discovered
1212:Khajuraho
1091:Meenakshi
1086:Srirangam
980:Gop Surya
785:Mora Well
599:785763290
580:606389410
1334:Category
1197:Tirupati
1129:Halebidu
1108:Advanced
1054:Papanasi
874:Besnagar
848:Nataraja
832:Maturity
795:Naneghat
629:Archived
616:Archived
480:(2004).
450:(1959).
208:(modern
48:Material
1370:Mathura
1275:Related
1245:Revival
1149:Temples
935:Temples
765:Ayodhya
744:Kumhrar
729:Mathura
694:400 CE)
692:(before
196:rulers
64:Created
56:Writing
1339:Portal
889:Ujjain
884:Sirpur
869:Badami
864:Aihole
597:
578:
549:
522:
490:
460:
430:
403:
346:
277:sattra
266:sattra
254:sattra
241:sattra
237:sattra
233:sattra
190:sattra
1313:Note:
1283:Hindu
1261:Hampi
1124:Belur
739:Dihar
325:â106.
210:Patna
180:, or
51:Stone
595:OCLC
576:OCLC
547:ISBN
520:ISBN
488:ISBN
458:ISBN
428:ISBN
401:ISBN
344:ISBN
272:puja
200:and
176:The
800:Reh
323:103
212:).
1356::
502:^
373:^
358:^
291:^
662:e
655:t
648:v
601:.
582:.
555:.
528:.
496:.
466:.
436:.
409:.
352:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
